CN216531331U - Optical fiber coding identification and communication integrated system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及光纤通讯领域,特别涉及一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统。The utility model relates to the field of optical fiber communication, in particular to an optical fiber coding identification and communication integrated system.
背景技术Background technique
现有光纤编码识别装置与光纤通信装置采用分离式运行,采用波分复用器、分光器或者光开关实现两者在同一根光纤上实现光纤编码采集识别和光纤通信。该方法存在使用波分复用器、分光器或者光开关带来的成本和额外衰耗,不利于实际应用。The existing optical fiber coding identification device and the optical fiber communication device are operated separately, and a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical splitter or an optical switch is used to realize the optical fiber coding acquisition and identification and optical fiber communication on the same optical fiber. This method has the cost and extra loss caused by using a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical splitter or an optical switch, which is not conducive to practical application.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本实用新型提出一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统,在保证光纤通信正常运行情况下,快速实现光纤编码采集识别的节省成本的方法。The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model proposes an optical fiber code identification and communication integrated system, which can quickly realize the cost-saving method of optical fiber code acquisition and identification under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of optical fiber communication.
根据本实用新型第一方面实施例的一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统,包括:第一光纤和第二光纤,所述第一光纤和第二光纤上皆设置有光纤编码,所述光纤编码由不同间距的多个光纤光栅组成;第一终端和第二终端,所述第一终端和第二终端皆包括主控制器、用于发送光纤编码光波和通信光波的窄带光源、环形器、光纤编码APD光电转换单元、放大器、光纤编码高速AD采样单元、通信APD光电转换单元、通信高速AD采样单元,所述窄带光源连接在所述主控制器与所述环形器的第一端口之间,所述环形器的第二端口依次连接光纤编码APD光电转换单元、放大器、光纤编码高速AD采样单元、主控制器,所述通信APD光电转换单元、通信高速AD采样单元、主控制器依次连接;其中,所述第一终端的所述环形器的第三端口与所述第二终端的所述通信APD光电转换单元通过所述第一光纤连接,所述第二终端的所述环形器的第三端口与所述第一终端的所述通信APD光电转换单元通过所述第二光纤连接;多个所述光纤光栅与所述窄带光源的中心波长一致。An optical fiber code identification and communication integrated system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model includes: a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, and the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are both provided with an optical fiber code, and the optical fiber The code is composed of multiple fiber gratings with different spacings; a first terminal and a second terminal, both of which include a main controller, a narrow-band light source for sending fiber-encoded light waves and communication light waves, a circulator, Optical fiber coding APD photoelectric conversion unit, amplifier, fiber coding high-speed AD sampling unit, communication APD photoelectric conversion unit, communication high-speed AD sampling unit, the narrowband light source is connected between the main controller and the first port of the circulator , the second port of the circulator is connected to the optical fiber coding APD photoelectric conversion unit, the amplifier, the optical fiber coding high-speed AD sampling unit, and the main controller in turn, and the communication APD photoelectric conversion unit, the communication high-speed AD sampling unit, and the main controller are connected in turn ; wherein, the third port of the circulator of the first terminal is connected with the communication APD photoelectric conversion unit of the second terminal through the first optical fiber, and the circulator of the second terminal is connected through the first optical fiber. The third port is connected with the communication APD photoelectric conversion unit of the first terminal through the second optical fiber; the center wavelengths of the plurality of fiber gratings and the narrow-band light source are consistent.
根据本实用新型第一实施例的一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统,至少具有如下有益效果:本方案利用窄带光源,同时为光纤编码采集识别和光纤通信提供同一光源,通过设置两根带光纤编码的光纤以及光纤编码APD光电转换单元、放大器、光纤编码高速AD采样单元、通信APD光电转换单元、通信高速AD采样单元等模块,可实现光纤通信正常运行和光纤编码同时采集,节约了传统分离式运行结构的成本问题。According to an integrated system of optical fiber code identification and communication according to the first embodiment of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are obtained. Optical fiber encoded optical fiber and optical fiber encoded APD photoelectric conversion unit, amplifier, optical fiber encoding high-speed AD sampling unit, communication APD photoelectric conversion unit, communication high-speed AD sampling unit and other modules can realize the normal operation of optical fiber communication and the simultaneous acquisition of optical fiber encoding, saving traditional Cost issues with split operating structures.
根据本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例,所述光纤光栅的3dB带宽范围为所述窄带光源的3db带宽*(1/2)至所述窄带光源的3db带宽*(2/3)区间。According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the 3dB bandwidth of the fiber grating ranges from 3db bandwidth*(1/2) of the narrowband light source to 3db bandwidth*(2/3) of the narrowband light source.
根据本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例,所述光纤光栅的最大反射率w=(i/(10*LOG(P)))^(e0+e1),其中,P为所述窄带光源的发光强度,i为所述第一终端和第二终端的光纤通信能量范围,e0为所述光纤编码内光纤光栅数量,e1为所述第一终端和第二终端之间光纤编码最大数据。According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the maximum reflectivity of the fiber grating w=(i/(10*LOG(P)))^(e0+e1), where P is the Luminous intensity, i is the optical fiber communication energy range of the first terminal and the second terminal, e0 is the number of fiber gratings in the optical fiber encoding, e1 is the maximum data of the optical fiber encoding between the first terminal and the second terminal.
根据本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例,所述光纤编码内各光纤光栅之间的最小间距L=M/((t1*2)/4),其中,t1为所述窄带光源发送的光纤编码光波,M为所述光纤编码APD光电转换单元的转换频率,所述光纤编码高速AD采样单元的采样频率N大于M/4。According to some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the minimum spacing between the fiber gratings in the fiber code is L=M/((t1*2)/4), where t1 is the fiber sent by the narrowband light source Coded light wave, M is the conversion frequency of the optical fiber encoding APD photoelectric conversion unit, and the sampling frequency N of the optical fiber encoding high-speed AD sampling unit is greater than M/4.
本实用新型的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本实用新型的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or learned by practice of the invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
本实用新型的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为本实用新型第一方面实施例的光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统原理图;1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated system of optical fiber code identification and communication according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model;
图2为本实用新型第二方面实施例的光纤编码识别与通信一体化控制方法流程图;Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the optical fiber code identification and communication integrated control method of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model;
图3为本实用新型实施例的通信光波脉冲图;Fig. 3 is the communication light wave pulse diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;
图4为本实用新型实施例的光纤编码光波脉冲图。FIG. 4 is a pulse diagram of an optical fiber coded light wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记:Reference number:
第一光纤100、第二光纤200、光纤编码101;a first
第一终端300、第二终端400、主控制器301、窄带光源302、环形器303、光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、放大器305、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306、通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308。The
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细描述本实用新型的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本实用新型,而不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
在本实用新型的描述中,需要理解的是,涉及到方位描述,例如上、下、前、后、左、右等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions related to orientations, such as up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only It is for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
本实用新型的描述中,除非另有明确的限定,设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解,所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本实用新型中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installation, connection should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution .
参考图1所示,为本技术方案第一方面实施例的一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统,包括:Referring to FIG. 1 , an integrated system for optical fiber code identification and communication according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the technical solution includes:
第一光纤100和第二光纤200,所述第一光纤100和第二光纤200上皆设置有光纤编码101,所述光纤编码101由不同间距的多个光纤光栅组成,光纤光栅固化复刻在光纤上;The first
第一终端300和第二终端400,所述第一终端300和第二终端400的结构相同,互为发射端和接收端,二者皆包括主控制器301、用于发送光纤编码光波和通信光波的窄带光源302、环形器303、光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、放大器305、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306、通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308;其中,主控制器301优选采用FPGA控制芯片,所述窄带光源302连接在所述主控制器301与所述环形器303的第一端口之间,主控制器301可输出驱动信号控制窄带光源302发出光纤编码光波和通信光波;所述环形器303的第二端口依次连接光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、放大器305、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306、主控制器301,此链路用于接收反射的光线编码光波;所述通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308、主控制器301依次连接,此链路用于接收对侧终端发送的通信光波;The
其中,所述第一终端300的所述环形器303的第三端口与所述第二终端400的所述通信APD光电转换单元307通过所述第一光纤100连接,所述第二终端400的所述环形器303的第三端口与所述第一终端300的所述通信APD光电转换单元307通过所述第二光纤200连接,通过两根光纤将两个终端连接成对称的一体化系统;多个所述光纤光栅与所述窄带光源302的中心波长一致,这样光纤编码光波便可与通信光波共用窄带光源302,一方面,窄带光源302的光波经环形器303输入到光纤编码101时,光纤编码101按照其反射率反射对应的光强,第一终端300/第二终端400的主控制器301采集到光纤编码101反射的光强和距离,计算光纤编码101内光纤光栅之间的相邻间距解析出光纤编码101的编码值、能量和距离;另一方面,未反射的光波经对侧的通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308传输至对侧的主控制器301,可解析出通信的数据信息。Wherein, the third port of the
如上所述,本实施例利用窄带光源302,同时为光纤编码采集识别和光纤通信提供同一光源,通过设置两根带光纤编码101的光纤以及光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、放大器305、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306、通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308等模块,可实现光纤通信正常运行和光纤编码101同时采集,节约了传统分离式运行结构的成本问题。As mentioned above, the present embodiment utilizes the narrow-
在本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例中,所述光纤光栅的3dB带宽范围为所述窄带光源302的3db带宽*(1/2)至所述窄带光源302的3db带宽*(2/3)区间,此区间设计可保障窄带光源光谱覆盖光纤光栅光谱,实现光纤光栅的稳定识别。In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the 3dB bandwidth of the fiber grating ranges from 3db bandwidth*(1/2) of the
在本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例中,所述光纤光栅的最大反射率w=(i/(10*LOG(P)))^(e0+e1),实现同光纤上串接多个相同中心波长光纤光栅的稳定识别,其中,P为所述窄带光源302的发光强度,i为所述第一终端300和第二终端400的光纤通信能量范围,e0为所述光纤编码101内光纤光栅数量,e1为所述第一终端300和第二终端400之间光纤编码101最大数据。In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the maximum reflectivity of the fiber grating is w=(i/(10*LOG(P)))^(e0+e1), so that multiple Stable identification of fiber gratings with the same center wavelength, wherein P is the luminous intensity of the
进一步,在本实用新型第一方面的一些实施例中,所述光纤编码101内各光纤光栅之间的最小间距L=M/((t1*2)/4),可实现光纤编码内各光纤光栅能有效的实现能量区分,避免脉冲过大直接覆盖多个光纤光栅,其中,t1为所述窄带光源302发送的光纤编码光波,M为所述光纤编码APD光电转换单元304的转换频率,所述光纤编码高速AD采样单元306的采样频率N大于M/4。Further, in some embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the minimum spacing L=M/((t1*2)/4) between the fiber gratings in the
如图2所示,为本技术方案第二方面实施例的一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化控制方法,应用于上述的一种光纤编码识别与通信一体化系统,包括以下步骤:As shown in FIG. 2 , an integrated control method for optical fiber code identification and communication according to a second aspect of the technical solution, applied to the above-mentioned integrated optical fiber code identification and communication system, includes the following steps:
由一侧第一终端300/第二终端400的主控制器301控制窄带光源302按通信协议进行发送光纤编码光波和通信光波;The narrow-
光纤编码APD光电转换单元304获取环形器303光纤端头反射的光纤编码光波并进行光电转换,放大器305将转换后的电信号进行放大再输出给光纤编码高速AD采样单元306;The optical fiber encoding APD
光纤编码高速AD采样单元306将采集到的电信号反馈给主控制器301,由主控制器301解析出光纤编码值;The optical fiber encoding high-speed
通信APD光电转换单元307获取对侧第二终端400/第一终端300发送的通信光波,将通信光波信号转换成电信号输出给通信高速AD采样单元308;The communication APD
通信高速AD采样单元308将采集到的电信号反馈给主控制器301,由主控制器301解析出数据信息。The communication high-speed
在本实用新型第二方面的一些实施例中,所述光纤编码光波的脉冲宽度为t1,所述通信光波的脉冲宽度为t0,且t0小于t1/2,便于收光侧的主控制器301根据脉冲宽度判断是光纤通信发光还是光纤编码采集识别发光。FPGA控制芯片向窄带光源302发送光纤通信脉冲驱动信号,窄带光源302根据驱动信号发送连续光纤通信脉冲光波,其中光纤通信脉冲光波为0、1结构、以t0时间间隔为编码的通信光波,该光波在环形器303的光纤端头反射,其反射光波被光纤编码APD光电转换采集转换为电信号,后经放大器305录波放大后,被光纤编码高速AD采样单元306采集到,其中光纤端头反射的光波会呈现t0至t0*2的脉冲宽度,且脉冲间隔小于t0*14*2(由于本实施例的光纤通信脉冲驱动信号采用16进制,16个0、1组成,即光脉宽宽度是16个t0,光脉冲经过光纤编码101时会呈现2倍的反射光,考虑到前后各1个t0脉冲的能量较弱所以为t0(16-2)*2),为此,FPGA控制芯片根据该特征判断采集到的数据是否为光纤编码信息。In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the pulse width of the optical fiber encoded light wave is t1, the pulse width of the communication light wave is t0, and t0 is less than t1/2, which is convenient for the
在本实用新型第二方面的一些实施例中,所述光纤编码光波一次发送k*t1的时间脉冲然后等待积分时间t2,k为脉冲系数,k的取值范围为1至1000,积分时间t2=((所测光纤长度*群折射率)/光速)+附加时间,其中附加时间为10*k*t1,上述积分时间和附加时间均为避免光波在光纤中反射造成对采集光波的干扰,积分时间和附加时间能实现光波在光纤中反射光消失掉。具体的,FPGA控制芯片向窄带光源302发送光纤编码采集脉冲驱动信号,窄带光源302根据驱动信号发送脉冲光波然后等待积分时间t2,该光波经环形器303进入光纤,光纤会产生背向散射和反射,同时光纤编码101也会产生反射,反射光经环形器303传输至光纤编码APD光电转换单元304采集转换为电信号,后经放大器305录波放大后,被光纤编码高速AD采样单元306采集,FPGA控制芯片获取到采集数据信号,对采集到的数据进行寻峰,并计算峰值间距离长度,解释出相应的光纤编码值。In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the fiber-encoded light wave transmits a time pulse of k*t1 once and then waits for the integration time t2, where k is the pulse coefficient, the value of k ranges from 1 to 1000, and the integration time t2 =((measured fiber length*group refractive index)/light speed)+additional time, wherein the additional time is 10*k*t1, the above integration time and additional time are to avoid the interference of the light wave reflected in the fiber to the collected light wave, The integration time and the additional time can realize the disappearance of the reflected light in the optical fiber. Specifically, the FPGA control chip sends the optical fiber encoding acquisition pulse drive signal to the
此外,每次记录的光纤编码值包括编码值、能量、距离,并与第一次记录数据进行对比,以用于对光纤编码101有无进行中断判断,以及对光纤编码101能量变化进行衰耗判断。In addition, the optical fiber code value recorded each time includes the code value, energy, and distance, and is compared with the first recorded data, so as to judge whether the
进一步,由于所采集的到光波能量会出现超过光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306的采集门限,其能量会在波形顶部出现平顶现象,能量出现失真,为此需要对峰值能量做拟合,在本实用新型第二方面的一些实施例中,所述主控制器301在解析光纤编码值之前,先对光纤编码高速AD采样单元306将采集到的电信号进行峰值能量拟合,拟合后的峰值能量==65535*10^((爆掉数量-1)*爆掉系数/10)+((爆掉前一个像素能量+爆掉后一个像素能量)/2-(起点能量+终点能量))/2),其中爆掉系数默认为1。Further, because the collected light wave energy will exceed the collection threshold of the optical fiber encoding APD
在本实用新型第二方面的一些实施例中,所述主控制器301解析光纤编码值之前,需进行光线编码带宽识别,只保留预设光线编码带宽范围内的数据,超出则丢弃;所述主控制器301解析数据信息之前,需进行通信带宽识别,只保留预设通信带宽范围内的数据并按照脉冲间隔宽度进行解析,超出则丢弃。In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, before the
在本实用新型第二方面的一些实施例中,所述预设光线编码带宽范围为:带宽大于t1-(t0*0.1),所述预设通信带宽范围为:t0±(t0*0.1),其中0.1为实际研究中所得最优值。In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, the preset optical encoding bandwidth range is: the bandwidth is greater than t1-(t0*0.1), and the preset communication bandwidth range is: t0±(t0*0.1), Among them, 0.1 is the optimal value obtained in the actual research.
综上,本方案利用窄带光源302,同时为光纤编码采集识别和光纤通信提供同一光源,通过设置两根带光纤编码101的光纤以及光纤编码APD光电转换单元304、放大器305、光纤编码高速AD采样单元306、通信APD光电转换单元307、通信高速AD采样单元308等模块,结合时分技术手段来控制和识别光纤编码和通信光波,可实现光纤通信正常运行和光纤编码101同时采集,节约了传统分离式运行结构的成本问题。To sum up, this scheme uses the narrow-
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本实用新型的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., is meant to incorporate the embodiments A particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an example or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本实用新型的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本实用新型的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本实用新型的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. Variations, the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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CN115426047A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 中山水木光华电子信息科技有限公司 | Light splitting terminal, networking structure, PON network monitoring system and method |
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CN113904730B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-11-01 | 中山水木光华电子信息科技有限公司 | Optical fiber coding recognition and communication integrated system and control method |
CN115426047A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-12-02 | 中山水木光华电子信息科技有限公司 | Light splitting terminal, networking structure, PON network monitoring system and method |
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