CN216525804U - Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate - Google Patents
Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN216525804U CN216525804U CN202122952361.4U CN202122952361U CN216525804U CN 216525804 U CN216525804 U CN 216525804U CN 202122952361 U CN202122952361 U CN 202122952361U CN 216525804 U CN216525804 U CN 216525804U
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Abstract
The application provides a water stopping device for measuring a soil separation rate, which comprises a soil sample chamber, a first screw and a T-shaped rod; the soil sample room includes soil sample chamber, gasket and bottom plate. The centers of the gasket and the bottom plate are provided with first screw holes, and the first screws are mutually meshed with the first screw holes to be fixed with the bottom plate. When the device is used, the first screw is rotated to be separated from the soil sample chamber, the T-shaped rod is inserted into the first screw hole, the soil sample is supported from the bottom and placed into the soil sample chamber, then the T-shaped rod is drawn out of the first screw hole, the first screw is rotated to be fixed with the bottom plate, and then the soil sample separation rate is measured. The device of this application preparation is easy, easy operation, and the stagnant water is effectual, and soil sample room stagnant water can be carried out fast conveniently to first screw precession soil sample room, combines T shape pole simultaneously, can easily realize that soil sample puts into and takes out from soil sample room.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of soil erosion research, in particular to a water stopping device for measuring the soil separation rate.
Background
Soil erosion can be considered as a synonym for water and soil loss, i.e. separation, transport and loss of soil caused by the action of rain, wind, etc. Soil erosion is one of the major environmental problems facing the world, with land areas reduced by soil erosion being about 5 million or more km2 annually worldwide, resulting in direct economic losses of $ 1000 billion. China is one of the most serious countries in the world with soil erosion. Due to a series of factors such as special terrain conditions, widely distributed sloping farmlands, uneven space-time distribution rainfall, long-term unreasonable cultivation and the like in China, and the rapid development of economy in recent decades, soil erosion becomes the first environmental problem in China. Therefore, the method effectively solves the problem of soil erosion, strengthens the scientific research related to soil erosion, and has very important significance for promoting the social and economic collaborative development of China and realizing the sustainable development strategy.
The soil erosion comprises three processes of soil separation, sediment transport and deposition. The soil separation process is that under the action of rainfall splash and runoff scouring, soil particles are separated from a soil matrix, and a material foundation is provided for the subsequent soil transportation and deposition process. The soil separation rate refers to the loss of soil in unit time and unit area under the action of runoff scouring, and is a quantitative parameter for measuring the soil separation speed.
The soil separation rate is usually determined by performing a slope soil separation process in a washout tank. Wangkai et al (2018) introduced an experimental device for measuring soil separation rate in the research on soil separation rate of yellow soil slope, the upper end of a water tank of the device is provided with an energy dissipation pool, and a water supply system comprises a reservoir, a water pump, a valve group and a sinkA sand pool and a pipeline. Before the experiment, a cutting ring is used for collecting a soil sample, the surface of the soil layer is flush with the bottom surface of the cutting ring, meanwhile, the soil in the cutting ring cannot be disturbed in the carrying process is guaranteed, during the experiment, the soil sample is filled into a soil sample chamber positioned at the upper end of an outlet of a water tank, the surface of the soil sample at the upper boundary of the soil sample chamber is kept flush with the bottom surface of the water tank, the washing experiment is started immediately, after the experiment is finished, the soil sample is taken out, the washed soil sample is placed in an oven and is dried for 24 hours at 105 ℃, and then the soil sample is weighed. Soil separation Rate (D)r，kgm-2s-1) Can be calculated by the following formula (equation 1):
in the formula: m0Is the dry weight of the original soil sample; mfThe dry weight of the soil sample after scouring; a is the surface area of the cutting ring soil sample; t is the time for flushing.
At present current soil sample room reduces the disturbance to the soil sample, produces measuring error as far as possible when conveniently filling and taking out, and the bottom is a rectangle ironbar, only plays the effect of supporting the soil sample, has the problem of stagnant water difficulty when soil separation rate survey, and a large amount of water flows out from soil sample room, can exert an influence to the experimental result. How to solve the phenomenon that the soil sample room leaks, can conveniently load simultaneously, take out the soil sample to avoid causing experimental error to the disturbance of soil sample, there is not relevant research at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem existing in the background art, the application provides a water stopping device, which effectively solves the problem of water leakage caused by using a traditional soil sample chamber in a soil separation rate measuring experiment.
A water stopping device for measuring the soil separation rate comprises a soil sample chamber, a first screw and a T-shaped rod; the soil sample chamber comprises a soil sample cavity, a gasket and a bottom plate; the soil sample cavity is communicated up and down, the upper part of the soil sample cavity is a hollow tubular cylinder, the lower part of the soil sample cavity is a hollow concentric disc, the bottoms of the upper part and the lower part of the soil sample cavity are flush and coaxial, the outer diameter of the upper part is tightly combined with the inner diameter of the lower part, the outer diameters of the gasket and the bottom plate are the same as the outer diameter of the lower disc of the soil sample cavity, the centers of the gasket and the bottom plate are provided with a first screw hole, a first screw is mutually meshed with the first screw hole to be fixed with the bottom plate, and the length of a threaded part of the first screw is greater than the thickness of the bottom plate to be meshed with the first screw hole; the same positions of the lower part of the soil sample cavity, the edges of the gasket and the bottom plate are provided with a plurality of second screw holes, and the soil sample cavity, the gasket and the bottom plate are connected through a plurality of second screws matched with the second screw holes; the diameter of the T-shaped rod is smaller than the aperture of the first screw hole, and the length of the T-shaped rod is larger than the total height of the soil sample chamber so as to penetrate through the soil sample chamber.
Preferably, the portion of the first screw having a thread length is 1-2 cm.
Further, the first screw is an M8 hexagon screw.
Preferably, the screw part of the first screw is tightly wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene raw material tape.
Preferably, the second screw is an M5 hex screw.
Preferably, the height of the soil sample cavity is 5cm, the inner diameter of the upper tubular column is 10cm, the outer diameter of the upper tubular column is 12cm, the inner diameter of the lower disc is 12cm, and the outer diameter of the lower disc is 16 cm; the thickness of the bottom plate is 1cm, and the aperture of the first screw hole is 0.8 cm; the T-shaped rod is 12cm long, 0.5cm in diameter and 5cm wide at the T-shaped head.
Preferably, the number of the second screw holes is 3-5.
Preferably, the tail end of the T-shaped rod is subjected to rounding treatment by a grinding machine.
Preferably, the soil sample chamber and the bottom plate are made of organic glass.
Preferably, the T-shaped rod is made of stainless steel.
This application has been solved the phenomenon of leaking when using traditional soil sample room through installing stagnant water structure additional to existing soil sample room. Wear phenomenon may appear in the long-term use in first screw, reduces device stagnant water efficiency, also influences the fixed of first screw and soil sample room simultaneously, twines the thread seal area outside first screw during the use, can reduce wear, avoids stagnant water efficiency to receive the influence.
When filling a soil sample, inserting a T-shaped rod from the bottom of the soil sample chamber, supporting the soil sample from the bottom, slowly placing the soil sample into the soil sample chamber, drawing the T-shaped rod out of a small hole in the center after the soil sample is placed into the soil sample chamber, and screwing a first screw into a first screw hole from the bottom of the soil sample chamber to fix the first screw hole with the soil sample chamber; and after the soil separation rate of the soil sample is measured, removing the first screw from the bottom of the soil sample chamber, inserting the T-shaped rod into the first screw hole, pushing the T-shaped rod, and ejecting the soil sample out of the soil sample chamber, so that the soil sample is removed. By using the method to fill and remove the soil sample, experimental errors caused by disturbance on the internal structure and the appearance of the soil can be avoided, the operation is simple, a large number of repeated tests can be performed, manpower and material resources are saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The following of which is a brief description:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a soil sample chamber of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a soil sample chamber of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement in the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a soil sample chamber, 2-a first screw, 3-a T-shaped rod, 11-a soil sample cavity, 12-a gasket, 13-a bottom plate, 14-a second screw hole, 15-a first screw hole and 16-a second screw.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," "around," and the positional relationships are used merely for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced components or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the present application.
The application is a water stopping device for measuring the soil separation rate, and as shown in figure 1, the water stopping device comprises a soil sample chamber 1, a first screw 2 and a T-shaped rod 3.
Wherein, first screw 2 chooses ordinary external diameter 0.8 cm's M8 hex bolts for use, purchases comparatively easily in the market. The length of the threaded part of the first screw 2 is required to be between 1cm and 2 cm.
The T-shaped rod 3 is made of a smooth stainless steel rod with the diameter of 0.5cm, the length of the T-shaped rod is 12cm, the width of the T-shaped head is 5cm, and the tail end of the T-shaped rod is subjected to rounding treatment by a grinding machine so as to avoid scratching threads in the first screw hole 15 and influence on a water stopping effect.
The soil sample chamber 1 is mainly used for placing soil samples, and as shown in fig. 2, the soil sample chamber 1 comprises a soil sample cavity 11, a gasket 12 and a bottom plate 13. The soil sample cavity 11 is made of organic glass and is communicated up and down, the upper portion is a tubular column body and is made of organic glass tubes with the inner diameter of 10cm and the outer diameter of 12cm, the lower portion is an organic glass concentric circular plate with the outer diameter of 16cm, the inner diameter of 12cm and the thickness of 1cm, the bottoms of the upper portion and the lower portion are flush and coaxial, the outer diameter of the upper portion is tightly combined with the inner diameter of the lower portion, and the whole height of the soil sample cavity is 5 cm. The gasket 12 is a rubber gasket with the diameter of 16cm and the thickness of 0.3cm, and the gasket 12 is positioned between the soil sample cavity 11 and the bottom plate 13 and mainly plays a role in preventing the water leakage of the soil sample cavity 11 and the bottom plate 13. The bottom plate 13 is a plexiglas circular plate with a diameter of 16cm and a thickness of 1 cm.
Wherein, the center of the gasket 12 and the bottom plate 13 is provided with a first screw hole 15, preferably, the first screw hole is an M8 screw hole. A0.8 cm diameter thread is drilled in the center of the bottom plate 13 by a corresponding diameter dental drill to engage with the M8 screw.
Wherein, 4 second screw holes 14 are provided at the same positions of the lower part of the soil sample cavity 11, the edge of the gasket 12 and the bottom plate 13, preferably, the second screw holes 14 are M5 screw holes.
As shown in fig. 3, the soil sample cavity 11, the spacer 12 and the bottom plate 13 are fixed by a second screw 16, preferably, the second screw 16 is an M5 screw used in cooperation with an M5 wing nut.
As shown in fig. 4, the first screw 2 is rotated to engage with the thread in the first screw hole 15 of the bottom plate 13 to realize the water stopping of the soil sample chamber 1 and the fixing with the soil sample chamber 1, and the first screw 2 has a thread length larger than the thickness of the bottom plate 13 to complete the fixing and water stopping functions with the bottom plate 13. Because can install repeatedly and dismantle first screw 2 among the experimentation, consequently in long-term use, the wearing and tearing phenomenon can appear in the screw thread in first screw hole 15, reduce the stagnant water efficiency of device, for solving this problem, use the first screw 2 of polytetrafluoroethylene unsintered tape cooperation on this basis and use, this unsintered tape is the common specification unsintered tape in market, twine the screw part at first screw 2 with the unsintered tape during the use, play the effect of reinforcing first screw 2 stagnant water effect, in addition, when the screw thread in first screw hole 15 is worn and torn, unsintered tape helps closely to be fixed together first screw 2 with bottom plate 13.
It should be further noted that the length of the T-bar 3 needs to be longer than the total height of the soil sample chamber 1, so as to realize the pushing and pulling of the T-bar to complete the filling and removing of the soil sample.
Use the stagnant water device of this application to carry out the experiment of soil separation rate survey, rotate first screw 2 earlier, make it and the separation of soil sample room 1, insert T shape pole 3 from first screw hole 15, support the soil sample from the bottom, slowly put into soil sample room 1 with the soil sample along the soil sample chamber 11 opening direction, soil sample bottom is direct to contact with gasket 12. After the soil sample is placed in the soil sample chamber 1, the T-shaped rod 3 is pulled out from the first screw hole 15, the first screw 2 is wound with a polytetrafluoroethylene raw material belt, the first screw 2 is rotated to be fixed with the bottom plate 13, water can be effectively stopped for the soil sample chamber 1, and then the soil sample soil separation rate is measured. After the soil sample soil separation rate is measured, the first screw 2 is removed from the bottom of the soil sample chamber 1, the T-shaped rod 2 is inserted into the first screw hole 15, the T-shaped rod 2 is pushed, the soil sample is ejected out of the soil sample chamber 1, and the soil sample is stably moved out, so that subsequent experiments and measurement can be carried out on the soil sample.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these modifications and refinements should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A water stopping device for soil separation rate determination, characterized in that the device comprises a soil sample chamber (1), a first screw (2) and a T-shaped rod (3); the soil sample chamber (1) comprises a soil sample cavity (11), a gasket (12) and a bottom plate (13); the soil sample cavity (11) is communicated up and down, the upper part of the soil sample cavity is a hollow tubular cylinder, the lower part of the soil sample cavity is a hollow concentric disc, the bottoms of the upper part and the lower part of the soil sample cavity are flush and coaxial, the outer diameter of the upper part of the soil sample cavity is tightly combined with the inner diameter of the lower part of the soil sample cavity, the gasket (12) and the bottom plate (13) have the same outer diameter as the lower disc of the soil sample cavity (11), the centers of the gasket (12) and the bottom plate (13) are provided with first screw holes (15), the first screws (2) are mutually meshed with the first screw holes (15) to be fixed with the bottom plate (13), and the length of the threaded parts of the first screws (2) is greater than the thickness of the bottom plate (13) to be meshed with the first screw holes (15); a plurality of second screw holes (14) are formed in the same positions of the lower part of the soil sample cavity (11), the edge of the gasket (12) and the edge of the bottom plate (13), and the soil sample cavity (11), the gasket (12) and the bottom plate (13) are connected through a plurality of second screws (16) matched with the second screw holes; the diameter of the T-shaped rod (3) is smaller than the aperture of the first screw hole (15), and the length of the T-shaped rod is larger than the total height of the soil sample chamber (1) so as to penetrate through the soil sample chamber (1).
2. A water stopping device for soil separation rate determination according to claim 1 characterized in that said first screw (2) has a portion of thread length of 1-2 cm.
3. The water stopping device for soil separation rate determination according to claim 2, wherein the first screw (2) is an M8 hex screw.
4. The water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement according to claim 1, wherein the screw portion of the first screw is tightly wrapped with a teflon tape.
5. The water stopping device for soil separation rate determination according to claim 1, wherein the second screw is an M5 hex screw.
6. The water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement according to claim 1, wherein the soil sample chamber (11) has a height of 5cm, an upper tubular column inner diameter of 10cm and an outer diameter of 12cm, and a lower disc inner diameter of 12cm and an outer diameter of 16 cm; the thickness of the bottom plate (13) is 1cm, and the aperture of the first screw hole (15) is 0.8 cm; the T-shaped rod (3) is 12cm long, 0.5cm in diameter and 5cm wide at the T-shaped head.
7. The water stopping device for soil separation rate determination according to claim 1, wherein the number of the second screw holes (14) is 3-5.
8. The water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement according to claim 1, wherein the end of the T-shaped rod (3) is rounded by a grinder.
9. The water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement according to claim 1, wherein the soil sample chamber (1) and the bottom plate (13) are made of organic glass.
10. The water stopping device for soil separation rate measurement according to claim 1, wherein the T-shaped rod is made of stainless steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122952361.4U CN216525804U (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122952361.4U CN216525804U (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate |
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| CN216525804U true CN216525804U (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114002412A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114002412A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-01 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water stopping device for measuring soil separation rate |
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