CN216468417U - Low-altitude water anchor type balloon system - Google Patents
Low-altitude water anchor type balloon system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216468417U CN216468417U CN202122728417.8U CN202122728417U CN216468417U CN 216468417 U CN216468417 U CN 216468417U CN 202122728417 U CN202122728417 U CN 202122728417U CN 216468417 U CN216468417 U CN 216468417U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a low-altitude water-tied anchor type balloon system. The low-altitude water-borne anchor type balloon system comprises a balloon platform, a nacelle, a mooring cable, a ball-borne anchoring device and a drag parachute module, wherein a connecting lifting rope is arranged at the bottom of the balloon platform and sequentially connected with the nacelle and the ball-borne anchoring device; the top end of the mooring cable is connected with the ball-mounted anchoring device, and the bottom end of the mooring cable is connected with the drag parachute module; the ball-mounted anchoring device comprises a winding drum, a rotating shaft and a hanging rack, the mooring cable is wound on the winding drum, the hanging rack is arranged at the lower end of the nacelle, and the winding drum is rotatably connected with the hanging rack through the rotating shaft. Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides the low-altitude water mooring type balloon system which is provided with the drag parachute module and the ball-borne anchoring device, can be flexibly deployed on offshore land or on the sea, does not need a special mooring anchoring device, and retards the motion of the balloon system through hydrodynamic resistance, thereby achieving the aim of mooring on the sea.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of low-altitude captive balloons, in particular to a low-altitude waterborne anchor type balloon system.
Background
The captive balloon has the characteristics of regional vertexes, large-range coverage, all-weather day and night, high efficiency cost ratio and the like, and can fill the blank of airplanes and satellites in time and space. In recent years, the detection and development of marine resources are receiving more and more attention, and due to the high cost of airplanes and satellites and the close relation with weather conditions, how to arrange instrumentation in the sea with low cost and high economic benefit becomes a new direction for future exploration. The captive balloon serving as a stable and reliable floating platform can fill the blank of airplanes and satellites in time and space, can carry various loads in coastal and ocean areas, performs tasks such as early warning detection, reconnaissance and monitoring, communication relay, information countermeasure, emergency rescue, atmospheric observation and the like, and has wide application prospects in military and civil aspects.
The existing offshore captive balloon scheme mainly comprises a common shipborne captive balloon system at home and abroad, wherein the system comprises a shipborne captive facility and a captive balloon platform; it can be seen that patent CN104787297B discloses a captive balloon system for marine environmental monitoring, which can be fixed floating at sea for monitoring.
The prior art mainly has the following defects:
on-board captive balloon system: the design of the shipborne mooring facility is involved, and the complexity is high; when sea waves are large, the height of the balloon can be reduced and the pitch and roll angles can be changed violently when gushing wind or shearing airflow acts, so that the response speed of a stable platform is exceeded, and the design of the pneumatic performance of the captive balloon is very challenging;
patent CN104787297B design can fix the mooring balloon that floats and realize the monitoring at sea, need adopt suction formula basis fixed mounting at seabed mud face, and this operation is comparatively difficult, receives the wave influence, and follow-up bearing structure's stability is not good, and the support steel construction is corroded by the sea water. In addition, the system can be deployed only in areas with shallow seawater depth.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a low-altitude waterborne anchor type balloon system which has the characteristics of flexible deployment and long-term residence in a target area; and executing special tasks which are not convenient for personnel to participate at sea.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a low-altitude water anchor-tied type balloon system comprises a balloon platform, a pod, a mooring rope, a ball-borne anchoring device and a drag parachute module which can be unfolded or folded in water, wherein a connecting lifting rope is arranged at the bottom of the balloon platform and is connected with the pod and the ball-borne anchoring device, so that the pod is positioned below the balloon platform, and the ball-borne anchoring device is positioned at the lower end of the pod;
the top end of the mooring cable is connected with the ball-mounted anchoring device, and the bottom end of the mooring cable is connected with the drag parachute module;
the ball-borne anchoring device comprises a winding drum, a rotating shaft and a hanging rack, the mooring cable is wound on the winding drum, the hanging rack is arranged at the lower end of the nacelle, and the winding drum is rotatably connected with the hanging rack through the rotating shaft.
In the scheme, the drag parachute module and the ball-borne anchoring device are designed, the drag parachute module and the ball-borne anchoring device can be flexibly deployed on offshore land or on the sea, a special mooring anchoring device is not needed, and the movement of the balloon system is retarded through hydrodynamic resistance, so that the aim of mooring on the sea is fulfilled.
Preferably, the ball-borne anchorage device further comprises a speed reduction device for controlling the rotation speed of the drum. During the period that the ball-loaded anchoring device descends into water, the speed reducing device plays a role in blocking the high-speed movement of the winding drum, and the phenomenon that the balloon platform is impacted by the too high rotating speed of the winding drum is prevented.
Preferably, the speed reducer comprises a fixed plate, a damping piston and a damping movable disk, the fixed plate is arranged on the hanging rack, the damping movable disk is arranged on the side end face of the winding drum, and the damping piston is arranged on the fixed plate and is in contact with the damping movable disk.
Preferably, the damping piston comprises a piston head and a pre-tightening spring, one end of the pre-tightening spring is embedded into the fixed plate, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is in contact with the damping movable plate; the damping dynamic disc is designed along the circumference of the end surface of the winding drum in a segmented mode, and the thickness of each segment gradually increases from low to high along the motion direction.
Preferably, the winding drum comprises a winding drum shaft and baffles arranged at two ends of the winding drum shaft, and the mooring rope is wound on the winding drum shaft and is positioned in the middle of the baffles at two ends; the speed reducing device is arranged on the end surface of the winding drum shaft.
Preferably, the low-altitude water mooring anchor type balloon system further comprises a counterweight device which balances the aerodynamic lift force borne by the balloon platform by means of the gravity of water after entering the water, and the counterweight device is arranged on the mooring cable.
Preferably, the counterweight device is a water storage bag or a counterweight buoyancy chamber. If the arrangement mode of overhead anchoring is adopted, the counterweight device is a light water storage bag; if the deployment mode of releasing from the sea is adopted, the counterweight device is a closed counterweight cabin floating on the sea surface.
Preferably, the balloon platform comprises an air bag and a kite framework arranged at the lower end of the air bag, the kite framework comprises at least two rods and cloth connected between the at least two rods, and the cloth and the air bag are of an integral structure.
Preferably, the airbag is oblate spherical, and the outer side of the airbag is provided with a covering fabric.
Preferably, the low-altitude water mooring type balloon system further comprises a cutting device, and the cutting device is arranged on the mooring cable and is positioned below the ball-borne anchoring device.
Compared with the related technology, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the advantages of a free balloon and a captive balloon are combined, so that the balloon has the characteristics of flexible deployment and capability of staying in a target area for a long time; the water anchor balloon release mode comprises offshore and offshore land, the release is not limited by the field, the water anchor balloon can be released flexibly, the balloon floats with the wind in the lift-off process and can be deployed near a sensitive area along with the preselected wind direction, and a special task that personnel are inconvenient to participate on the sea is executed;
the low-altitude water mooring type balloon system is convenient to deploy, can be flexibly deployed on offshore land or at sea, does not need a special mooring anchoring device, and can retard the motion of the system through hydrodynamic resistance, so that the aim of mooring at sea is fulfilled;
and thirdly, the balloon platform can release the constraint of free flying at any time and has the maneuverability of a free balloon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the low altitude waterborne anchor balloon system of the present invention (wherein 1) is a layout for launching from land; 2) for maps issued from boats);
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the balloon platform of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the ball-borne mooring device and the pod of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the reduction gear unit of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the task of launching a low altitude water-borne anchor balloon system from land;
figure 8 is a flow chart of the task of launching a low altitude water-borne anchored balloon system from a vessel.
In the drawings: 1. a balloon platform; 2. a solar cell array; 3. a nacelle; 4. a ball-borne anchorage device; 5. mooring a cable; 6. a counterweight device; 6a, a water storage bag; 6b, a counterweight floating cabin; 7. a drag parachute module; 8. a cutting device; 9. an air bag; 10. a kite skeleton; 11. a rotating shaft; 12. a reduction gear; 13. a hanger; 14. a reel; 15. A spool shaft; 16. a fixing plate; 17. a damping piston; 18. a damping moving disk; 19. a piston head; 20. pre-tightening the spring; 21. and a baffle plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a low-altitude water mooring balloon system, which includes a balloon platform 1, a pod 3, a mooring rope 5, a ball-borne anchoring device 4, a drag parachute module 7 capable of being opened or closed, a counterweight device 6 for balancing the aerodynamic lift force applied to the balloon platform 1 by the gravity of water after entering water, and a cutting device 8.
As shown in figure 2, the balloon platform 1 consists of an air bag 9 and a kite skeleton 10, in order to reduce the structural quality of the system, the air bag 9 adopts a flat sphere with relatively strong bearing capacity, a fabric material is selected as a skin material, and the comprehensive surface density of the air bag 9 is required to be not more than 75g/m2. The kite skeleton 10 is made up of 2 carbon fiber rods and nylon canvas, which is integrated with the air bag in advance.
As shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the balloon platform 1 is provided with a connecting lifting rope which is connected with a solar cell array 2, a nacelle 3 and a ball-borne anchoring device 4 in sequence. The top end of the mooring cable 5 is connected with the ball-mounted anchoring device 4, and the bottom end of the mooring cable is connected with the drag parachute module 7.
The solar cell array 2 is mounted on the upper portion of the nacelle 3 and supported by a set of carbon fiber mounting brackets, which are disposed on the top of the nacelle 3. The laying area and weight of the solar cell array 2 are determined by the total power of the avionics on the ball.
The pod 3 is internally provided with measurement and control, communication, storage batteries and effective loads. Considering the possibility of recovery on water, the pod 3 is of a waterproof design, while being equipped with flotation means (such as low-density foam, honeycomb panels or air bags). Furthermore, for quick retrieval, the pod 3 should be fitted with a positioning buoy.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the ball-mounted anchoring device 4 includes a drum 14, a rotating shaft 11, a hanging bracket 13, and a speed reducer 12 for controlling the rotating speed of the drum 14.
The reel 14 includes a reel shaft 15 and baffles 21 disposed at both ends of the reel shaft 15, and the mooring rope 5 is densely wound around the reel shaft 15 and is disposed in the middle of the baffles 21 at both ends. For reducing the weight, the mooring rope 5 is made of high molecular weight polyethylene rope (UHMWPE). The reduction gear 12 is provided on an end surface of the spool shaft 15. The hanging bracket 13 is arranged at the lower end of the nacelle 3, and the winding drum 14 is rotatably connected with the hanging bracket 13 through the rotating shaft 11.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the reduction gear 12 includes a fixed plate 16, a damping piston 17, and a damping disk 18, the fixed plate 16 is disposed on the hanger 13, and the damping disk 18 is disposed on a side end surface of the spool shaft 15. The damping piston 17 comprises a piston head 19 and a pre-tightening spring 20, one end of the pre-tightening spring 20 is embedded in the fixed plate 16, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is in contact with the damping movable plate 18. The damping rotor 18 is designed along the circumference of the end surface of the winding drum 14 in a segmented manner, and the thickness of each segment gradually increases from low to high along the moving direction of the rotation of the winding drum 14, so that the friction force of the winding drum 14 can be gradually increased, the impact force of the damping piston 17 is reduced, and the speed limit effect on the winding drum 14 is achieved. The piston head 19 is a wear resistant piston head.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the counterweight device 6 is a water storage bag 6a, which is disposed on the mooring line 5. After entering water, the aerodynamic lift force borne by the platform is balanced by the gravity of the water, the volume of the aerodynamic lift force is determined by the total weight of the water storage bag 6a and the drag parachute, and the total buoyancy force when the aerodynamic lift force is submerged is slightly lower than the total weight of the system.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the counterweight device 6 is a counterweight buoyancy chamber 6b, which is the same principle as the water storage bag 6 a.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drag umbrella module 7 is of a conventional hemispherical umbrella configuration and is made of nylon. The mooring cable 5 extends into the interior of the drag parachute module 7 and is connected with the center of the canopy. A metal bent pipe extends out of the counterweight device 6, a retraction mechanism is arranged on the bent pipe, and the mooring rope 5 is wound on the retraction mechanism. The part of the mooring rope 5 positioned at the lower section of the counterweight device 6 is wound by a motor of the retraction mechanism, so that the mooring rope 8 can be loosened or tensioned, and when the mooring rope is loosened, the resistance umbrella module 7 is completely opened, and the water resistance is increased; when the umbrella is tensioned, the center of the umbrella cover is pulled to be concave, so that the resistance umbrella module 7 is folded, and the water resistance is reduced. In this regard, the mooring line 5 may be of a segmented construction with the upper segment connected at its ends to the ball-mounted mooring means 4 and counterweight means 6, respectively, and the lower segment wound around the retraction mechanism and attached at the centre of the canopy.
An example of the calculation of the low-altitude waterborne anchor balloon system with the initial height of the sky being 900m and the payload being about 25kg is given below, the meteorological environment selects the meteorological data of the Shanghai, and the maximum working wind speed is 30m/s, so as to help understand the content of the utility model:
the mooring line 5 is selected according to the aerodynamic force magnitude (thousands of newtons) to which the air bag 9 is subjected at a wind speed of 20m/s, with the main parameters of the mooring line 5 being: the diameter phi is 10mm, the breaking force is 93.1kN, and the linear density is 62.5 g/m;
the design size of the drag parachute module 7 is: projection diameter of 4m and nominal area of about 28.8m2The resistance coefficient of the resistance parachute module 7 is 1.0;
the strength of the mooring rope 5 meets the requirement that the safety coefficient is more than 3;
the comprehensive surface density of the air bag 9 is 75g/m2。
The overall design parameters of the low-altitude waterborne anchor type balloon system obtained through iterative calculation are as follows:
1) the volume of the air bag is as follows: 300m3；
2) Balloon platform structural mass: 37 kg;
3) initial pressure difference: 200 Pa;
4) balancing pressure difference: 151 Pa;
5) helium filling amount: 59 kg;
6) total buoyancy: 377 kg;
7) residual load capacity: 188kg, including a nacelle 3, avionics equipment, a ball-borne anchorage device 4, a solar cell array 2 and the like;
8) balance height: 622 m;
9) speed at equilibrium: 0.88 m/s;
10) length of the cable: 1000 m;
11) mooring rope safety coefficient: 3.62.
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the low-altitude waterborne anchor balloon system is divided into offshore land delivery and shipborne delivery, and the main work flow thereof is divided into: launching, anchoring into water (the process is not carried out during launching on board), anchoring work, free flying, deflation and recovery and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, the task flow issued from the land is specifically as follows:
step S1, issue lift-off phase: the low-altitude waterborne anchor balloon system is not different from a common high-altitude balloon, can be released on land or through a shipborne container, but needs to select a releasing place according to a real-time wind direction, obviously needs to select the upwind direction of a preset deploying place, and otherwise can be difficult to deploy in place;
step S2, anchoring water-entering stage: when the system moves to a designated working area, the operation of cable laying and anchoring can be carried out, the locking of the winding drum 14 is released, and the mooring cable 5 is released automatically;
step S3, anchoring working phase: after the water storage bag 6a enters water, water enters and is stored, the resistance umbrella module 7 moves under the driving of the balloon, under the action of hydrodynamic resistance, the resistance umbrella module 7 is opened, the whole system gradually decelerates, and finally the whole system keeps low-speed operation, namely the system enters an anchor tying working state;
step S4, a free flying stage: during the anchoring period of the system, the drag parachute module 7 can be controlled to be folded under necessary conditions, so that the system is free from hydrodynamic drag, the system flies freely with wind like a common balloon, and the moving speed of the system reaches the maximum. In addition, the restraint on the balloon can be relieved by detonating the cutting device 8, so that unlimited flight is realized;
step S5, bleed air recovery stage: and (3) deflating and recycling the high-altitude balloon system when the system task is completed or the balloon is not enough to maintain the designed working altitude due to the buoyancy gas leakage. And (3) controlling a valve at the top of the air bag 1 to be opened, releasing helium, and descending along with buoyancy, so that the balloon slowly falls. Because the balloon works at low altitude and has no influence of a torrent area, the cable does not need to be cut in the recovery process, so that the landing area of the balloon is controllable.
As shown in fig. 8, the lifting of the balloon platform from the vessel is more flexible than in the case of aerial-anchored deployment, and is not limited by the payload of the balloon, and the task flow is different from the land-based delivery during the launch stage:
step S1, issue lift-off phase: the counterweight buoyancy chambers 6b are thrown into water on the ship in advance to store water, the balloon system is released after the ship is inflated, after the balloons are separated from the ship body, the balloon winding drums 14 on the balloons are unlocked, the balloons rise under the action of self buoyancy, and the mooring ropes 5 are released freely. At the moment, the resistance umbrella module 7 is in a folded state, the balloon system moves to the target position along with wind, and when the balloon system approaches the target position, the resistance sail is unfolded to enter a water anchor working state.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-altitude water-borne anchoring type balloon system comprises a balloon platform (1), a nacelle (3) and a mooring rope (5), wherein a connecting lifting rope is arranged at the bottom of the balloon platform (1), and the low-altitude water-borne anchoring type balloon system is characterized by further comprising a ball-borne anchoring device (4) and a drag parachute module (7) capable of being unfolded or folded in water, wherein the connecting lifting rope is connected with the nacelle (3) and the ball-borne anchoring device (4), so that the nacelle (3) is located below the balloon platform (1), and the ball-borne anchoring device (4) is located at the lower end of the nacelle (3);
the top end of the mooring cable (5) is connected with the ball-mounted anchoring device (4), and the bottom end of the mooring cable is connected with the drag parachute module (7);
the ball-borne anchoring device (4) comprises a winding drum (14), a rotating shaft (11) and a hanging frame (13), the mooring cable (5) is wound on the winding drum (14), the hanging frame (13) is arranged at the lower end of the nacelle (3), and the winding drum (14) is rotatably connected with the hanging frame (13) through the rotating shaft (11).
2. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 1, wherein the ball-borne anchorage device (4) further comprises a reduction device (12) for controlling the rotational speed of the reel (14).
3. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 2, wherein the speed reduction device (12) comprises a fixed plate (16), a damping piston (17) and a damping rotor (18), the fixed plate (16) being provided on the pylon (13), the damping rotor (18) being provided on a side end face of the spool (14), the damping piston (17) being provided on the fixed plate (16) and being in contact with the damping rotor (18).
4. The low-altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 3, wherein the damping piston (17) comprises a piston head (19) and a pre-tightening spring (20), one end of the pre-tightening spring (20) is embedded in the fixed plate (16), and the other end of the pre-tightening spring is in contact with the damping movable disc (18); the damping movable disc (18) is designed along the circumference of the end surface of the winding drum (14) in a segmented mode, and the thickness of each segment gradually increases from low to high along the moving direction.
5. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 2, wherein the reel (14) comprises a reel shaft (15) and baffles (21) at both ends of the reel shaft (15), the mooring line (5) being wound around the reel shaft (15) and being located intermediate the baffles (21) at both ends; the speed reduction device (12) is arranged on the end surface of the winding drum shaft (15).
6. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 1, further comprising counterweight means (6) for counterbalancing aerodynamic lift experienced by the balloon platform (1) by the weight of the water after entry into the water, the counterweight means (6) being provided on the mooring line (5).
7. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 6, wherein the counterweight device (6) is a water storage bag or a counterweight buoyancy module.
8. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 1, wherein the balloon platform (1) comprises an air bag (9) and a kite skeleton (10) provided at a lower end of the air bag (9), the kite skeleton (10) comprising at least two spars and a cloth connected between the at least two spars, the cloth being of unitary construction with the air bag (9).
9. A low altitude water mooring anchor balloon system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the envelope (9) is oblate spheroid, with a skin fabric on the outside.
10. A low altitude water mooring balloon system according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting device (8), the cutting device (8) being provided on the mooring line (5) and below the ball-borne mooring device (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122728417.8U CN216468417U (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Low-altitude water anchor type balloon system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202122728417.8U CN216468417U (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Low-altitude water anchor type balloon system |
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| CN216468417U true CN216468417U (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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| CN202122728417.8U Active CN216468417U (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Low-altitude water anchor type balloon system |
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