CN216462431U

CN216462431U - Friction stir welding equipment for standard subway coupler seat

Info

Publication number: CN216462431U
Application number: CN202122865301.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王冲; 窦卿
Original assignee: NANJING LEIERWEI NEW TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: NANJING LEIERWEI NEW TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2021-11-22
Filing date: 2021-11-22
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a standard subway car hook seat friction stir welding device which comprises a standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool and a special stirring head for a standard subway car hook seat; the assembly welding tools are symmetrically arranged and comprise a platform, a supporting structure, a lower pressing head, a side top structure and a limiting structure, wherein the supporting structure, the lower pressing head, the side top structure and the limiting structure are arranged on the platform, and the assembly welding tools are limited in the XYZ directions; the supporting structure is convexly arranged on the platform and comprises a central support and a side support, and a welding seam between two standard subway coupler seats is arranged on the central support; a lower pressing head is arranged on the side support and is used for pressing the inner cavity wall of the section bar of the standard subway coupler seat; a plurality of side top structures are arranged on two sides of the platform; a limiting structure is arranged on the supporting structure and positioned at the end head in the Y direction; the special stirring head of standard subway coupler seat extension setting. The welding deformation of the coupler seat is accurately limited by the assembly welding tool from force in the XYZ direction; the problem that the welding line on the back of the standard subway coupler seat cannot be achieved by structural limitation equipment is solved by lengthening the stirring head.

Description

Friction stir welding equipment for standard subway coupler seat

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicle body frame manufacturing, and relates to novel vehicle hook seat friction stir welding equipment, in particular to standard subway vehicle hook seat friction stir welding equipment.

Background

The coupler seat is a key part on the traction and bolster of the underframe of the car body and is connected with the traction beam to bear the transverse and longitudinal forces of the underframe.

1) At present, most of conventional coupler seats are aluminum alloy sections, are made of 6005A-T6 or 6082-T6 and are formed by welding two sections together; the thickness of the welding seam is 10mm and 42mm, the 10mm thickness is generally welded by arc welding, and the 42mm thickness is generally welded by friction stir welding. The stirring friction of the coupler seat generally adopts a double-sided welding process, the performance of a welding seam can be well ensured, and the single-sided welding is not adopted because the welding seam of the single-sided welding, and the back bending of a mechanical test cannot meet the standard requirement.

2) The conventional friction stir welding lathe hook seat structure is similar to a flat plate structure, connecting ribs are arranged on the surface of the hook seat, the assembly limits displacement in multiple directions through a special tool, the workpiece structure is easy to turn, a stirring head used for welding is in a conventional size proportion, and the welding seam requirement of a product can be met by adopting double-sided welding of the stirring head with a needle length of 24 mm;

3) because the conventional coupler seat structure is a plate-type structure and is connected with the draft sill through the ribs on the coupler seat, the draft sill is stressed by the force in the length direction of the car body, the draft sill is designed into a profile structure in many ways and has a wider width, and the draft sill is generally thick, solid and heavy in design and is not beneficial to weight reduction of the car body.

4) The conventional coupler seat is 42mm thick, and is about 15mm relative to other structures such as a traction beam and a sleeper beam, the coupler seat is relatively thick, solid and heavy, and a new coupler structure is needed to meet product requirements for optimizing design and reducing weight.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide standard subway car hook seat friction stir welding equipment, which aims to solve the technical problems that:

1) standard subway coupler seat is different from current conventional coupler seat, belongs to a novel structure coupler seat, because the structure of coupler seat becomes inverted triangle-shaped, no longer is the plate type structure in the past, needs the frock control coupler seat of special design each position to warp during assembly welding, guarantees among the welding process coupler seat concatenation in close contact with.

2) As shown in figure 1, the conventional coupler seat structure is a plate-type structure, the front and back welding workpieces are easy to turn, and the two-side welding is easy to realize in the area around the welding seam. As shown in fig. 2, the front side of the weld seam is easy to weld, and the back side of the weld seam cannot be welded in a narrow space due to the narrow structural space of the profile.

3) The welding process solves the problem that the thickness of the welding line of the standard subway car hook seat is changed into 22mm, and a welding parameter interval is searched when the standard subway car hook seat friction stir welding equipment is used.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the standard subway coupler seat friction stir welding equipment comprises a standard subway coupler seat assembly welding tool and a special stirring head for the standard subway coupler seat; the standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool is symmetrically arranged, comprises a platform, and a supporting structure, a downward pressing head, a side jacking structure and a limiting structure which are arranged on the platform and are respectively fixed in a limiting manner from three directions of XYZ; the support structure is convexly arranged on the platform and comprises a central support and a side support, and the central support is provided with a welding seam between the two standard subway coupler seats; a lower pressing head is arranged on the side support and used for pressing the inner cavity wall of the section bar at the bottom of the standard subway coupler seat; a plurality of side top structures are arranged on two sides of the platform; a limiting structure is arranged on the supporting structure and at the end head in the Y direction; the special stirring head for the standard subway car hook seat is a lengthened stirring head.

Furthermore, the lengthened stirring head is provided with a lengthened rod body, and the length of the lengthened rod body is 150-200 mm.

Further, the center support is arranged along the Y direction at the center of the platform; the side supports are arranged on two sides of the central support and are arranged in parallel, and the bottom wall of the standard subway coupler seat is placed on the side supports.

Further, the central support is arranged at a higher height than the side supports.

Further, the supporting structure and the platform are integrally formed.

Further, both ends that two side were supported all are equipped with and push down the pressure head.

Furthermore, the side top structure is located on the platform and located on two sides of the platform and used for fixing the outer side face of the section bar of the standard subway coupler seat in a side top mode.

Furthermore, the side supports are provided with limiting structures at ends in the Y direction, and the limiting structures are set as convex baffle plates.

Furthermore, welding backing plates are arranged on the upper surfaces of the central support and the side supports. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1) the rigidity of the standard subway car hook seat during welding is ensured through a specially designed tool (a standard subway car hook seat assembling and welding tool), the welding deformation of the car hook seat is limited through accurate XYZ-direction force, and the overlarge assembling gap caused by vibration of equipment during welding can be well controlled;

2) through the extension stirring head, the condition that the welding seam on the back of the standard subway coupler seat cannot be reached by the structure limiting equipment is realized.

3) The welding parameter interval of the standard ground iron coupler seat stirring friction welding device during use is found out through repeated tests, the welding speed is obviously higher than that of a common coupler seat, and the welding efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a conventional subway coupler seat;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a standard railcar coupler seat;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a process for manufacturing a standard subway coupler seat;

FIG. 4 is an overview of a standard railcar coupler socket assembly welding tooling;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a standard railcar coupler socket assembly welding fixture;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a standard railcar coupler socket assembly welding tooling;

fig. 7 is a structure diagram of a special stirring head for a standard subway coupler seat.

The method comprises the following steps of 1-supporting structure, 1 a-center support, 1 b-side support, 2-pressing head, 3-side top structure, 4-limiting structure, 5-platform, 6-welding backing plate, 7-conventional subway car hook seat first section bar, 8-conventional subway car hook seat second section bar, 9-welding seam front side, 10-welding seam back side, 11-standard subway car hook seat first section bar and 12-standard subway car hook seat second section bar.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The friction stir welding process for the standard subway car hook seat comprises the working procedures of assembling, welding, flaw detection and the like, and the specific process route is as follows: material supply inspection → grinding before welding → assembly → welding → grinding → flaw detection → whole machining. As shown in fig. 3.

The assembly step and the welding step of the process both require the standard subway car hook seat friction stir welding equipment of the embodiment, and the equipment comprises a standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool and a special stirring head for the standard subway car hook seat.

The following first describes a standard subway coupler seat assembling and welding tool, which is shown in fig. 4 to 6 in detail. The standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool comprises a supporting structure 1, a downward pressing head 2, a side top structure 3, a limiting structure 4, a platform 5 and a welding backing plate 6, and the standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool is symmetrically arranged (the symmetry axis is a welding seam position when a standard subway car hook seat first section bar 11 and a standard subway car hook seat second section bar 12 are welded, namely a central support 11 position).

Wherein, platform 5 sets up as the basis of whole frock, sets up bearing structure 1, pushes down pressure head 2, side top structure 3, limit structure 4 and welding backing plate 6 on platform 5.

The supporting structure 1 is convexly arranged on the platform 5 and comprises a central support 1a and side supports 1b, the side supports 1b are arranged on two sides of the central support 1a and are arranged in parallel, and the central support 1a is arranged at the center of the platform 5 and is arranged along the Y direction. Preferably, the center support 1a is disposed at a higher height than the side supports 1 b.

Two ends of the two side supports 1b are respectively provided with a pressing head 2 (the pressing heads 2 are rotationally fastened by adopting screw rods, and the positions of contact products are embedded by adopting aluminum alloy cushion blocks), and the pressing heads 2 press and fix the bottoms of the standard first section bar 11 of the coupler seat of the subway and the bottom of the standard second section bar 12 of the coupler seat of the subway.

A plurality of side top structures 3 (the side top structures 3 are also in a screw rotating fastening mode) are arranged on two sides of the platform 5 and are used for side top fixing of the outer side surface of the standard railway hook seat first section bar 11 and the outer side surface of the standard railway hook seat second section bar 12.

With regard to the limit structure 4, (the limit structure 4 is provided as a protruding baffle plate for the purpose of limiting the linear displacement in the advancing direction during the welding of the coupler socket). Preferably, the limiting structure 4 is arranged on the side support 1b and is positioned at the end in the Y direction.

Specifically, the standard subway car coupler seat assembly welder is designed to adopt a support structure 1 to support a car coupler seat in the Z direction, and then press down a car coupler seat section bar through four pressing heads 2 at the pressing positions on the inner cavity wall of the section bar, so as to prevent the car coupler seat section bar from warping and deforming in the welding process; the side top structure 3 is used for contracting and pressing the coupler seat in the X direction, so that the coupler seat is prevented from outward displacement and deformation in the X direction in the welding process; because the equipment has the thrust of Y direction to the work piece among the friction stir welding process, work piece Y direction end sets up limit structure 4 again, prevents that work piece Y direction displacement from influencing welding quality among the welding process.

Preferably, a welding pad 6 is provided on the upper surface of each of the central support 1a and the side supports 1b of the support structure 1.

Preferably, the standard subway coupler seat assembling and welding tool is made of Q345E material and has good mechanical property and welding property.

In addition, the special stirring head is designed aiming at the standard subway car hook seat structure so as to meet the welding requirement. As shown in figure 7, the stirring head special for the standard metro coupler seat is provided with a lengthened rod body, and the length of the rod body, namely the length of a-b in figure 7 is 150mm-200 mm. Through the extension stirring head that has the extension body of rod, can overcome the defect that standardized subway coupler seat back welding seam receives the unable arrival of structure restriction equipment.

The welding parameter interval obtained by repeated tests by using the stirring head special for the standard subway car hook seat is shown in the following table.

Serial number	Rotating speed (r/min)	Traveling speed (mm/min)	Pressure (KN)
				1	1000-2000	400-600	2000-3000

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The standard subway coupler seat friction stir welding equipment is characterized by comprising a standard subway coupler seat assembly welding tool and a special stirring head for a standard subway coupler seat; the standard subway car hook seat assembly welding tool is symmetrically arranged, comprises a platform, and a supporting structure, a downward pressing head, a side jacking structure and a limiting structure which are arranged on the platform and are respectively fixed in a limiting manner from three directions of XYZ; the support structure is convexly arranged on the platform and comprises a central support and a side support, and the central support is provided with a welding seam between the two standard subway coupler seats; a lower pressing head is arranged on the side support and used for pressing the inner cavity wall of the section bar at the bottom of the standard subway coupler seat; a plurality of side top structures are arranged on two sides of the platform; a limiting structure is arranged on the supporting structure and at the end head in the Y direction; the special stirring head for the standard subway coupler seat is a stirring head specially designed for the standard subway coupler seat, and the stirring head is a lengthened stirring head; the lengthened stirring head is provided with a lengthened rod body, and the length of the lengthened rod body is 150-200 mm.

2. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding equipment of claim 1 wherein said center support is centrally located on said platform and arranged in the Y direction; the side supports are arranged on two sides of the central support and are arranged in parallel, and the bottom wall of the standard subway coupler seat is placed on the side supports.

3. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding apparatus of claim 2 wherein the center support is disposed at a higher elevation than the side supports.

4. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein the support structure is fabricated integrally with the platform.

5. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein both ends of the two side supports are provided with a hold down ram.

6. The standard railcar coupler socket friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein the side-top structure is positioned on the platform and on both sides of the platform for side-top fixing the outer side of the profile of the standard railcar coupler socket.

7. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein the side supports at the Y-direction ends are provided with a limit stop, the limit stop being provided as a raised stop.

8. The standard railcar coupler base friction stir welding apparatus of claim 1 wherein said center support and side support upper surfaces are each provided with a weld pad.