CN216450729U

CN216450729U - Battery structure

Info

Publication number: CN216450729U
Application number: CN202122436905.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王维; 郭小林; 王俊朋; 房华禹; 王永光; 李海军
Original assignee: Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-09
Filing date: 2021-10-09
Publication date: 2022-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a battery structure. The battery structure includes shell, electric core and electrolyte, and the shell includes casing and anodal block, and the casing has open-ended hollow structure for one end, and anodal block is installed in the casing top and is sealed the opening, and is equipped with on anodal block and annotates the liquid mouth, and wherein, the material of casing is aluminium, and the fixed holding of electric core is in the shell, and electrolyte can be by annotating between liquid mouth injection shell inner wall and the electric core. This battery structure is through chooseing for use the aluminium casing as the casing of battery, and anodal block and aluminium casing machinery seal, and be equipped with on the anodal block and annotate the liquid mouth, and the design development is simple, can realize opening formation through annotating the liquid mouth, and it can release to become gaseous, has reduced battery internal pressure greatly, and the security performance and the electrochemical performance of battery all improve to some extent, have effectively reduced under the current technological condition that the battery is opened and the risk that the electrical property reduces at the safety valve in the use.

Description

Battery structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a battery structure.

Background

Lithium ion batteries, which are rechargeable batteries, are now increasingly popular in life due to their high energy density and various excellent properties, particularly cylindrical lithium ion batteries, which have standardized sizes, mature manufacturing processes and manufacturing equipment, and play an important role in lithium ion batteries.

The earliest cylindrical lithium ion battery was 18650, which is also one of the lithium ion batteries commonly used in modern electronic products. Generally, 18650 batteries include an outer casing, a battery core formed by winding positive and negative pole pieces and a diaphragm, and an electrolyte, however, for 18650 batteries in the current market, the casing is usually a steel casing and adopts a mechanical sealing manner, and the main problem of such batteries is that the opening formation cannot be performed, so that gas generated in the formation and capacity separation process of the batteries is retained in the batteries, and the risk of opening a safety valve during the use of the batteries or other safety hazards exist.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The main purposes of the utility model are: the utility model provides a battery structure, it can not open into to aim at solving current box hat battery, has the risk or other potential safety hazards that the battery opened in the use.

In order to achieve the technical problem, the utility model provides a battery structure, which comprises a shell, an electric core and electrolyte, wherein the shell comprises a shell and an anode cap, the shell is a hollow structure with an opening at one end, the anode cap is arranged above the shell and closes the opening, and a liquid injection port is arranged on the anode cap, wherein the shell is made of aluminum, the electric core is fixedly accommodated in the shell, and the electrolyte can be injected between the inner wall of the shell and the electric core through the liquid injection port.

Optionally, the positive electrode cap is welded to the housing.

Optionally, the cell is welded within the housing.

Optionally, the battery structure further includes a negative cap, the positive end of the battery cell is welded to the positive cap, and the negative end of the battery cell is welded to the negative cap.

Optionally, the battery structure further includes a first conductive pad, the first conductive pad is formed on the inner side of the positive electrode cap, and the positive end of the battery cell is welded to the positive electrode cap through the first conductive pad.

Optionally, the battery structure further includes a second lead pad, the second lead pad is integrally connected with the negative electrode cap, the negative electrode end of the battery core is welded to one side of the second lead pad, the other side, opposite to the second lead pad, is welded to the bottom of the casing, and the second lead pad is of a bent structure.

Optionally, the battery structure further comprises a sealing member for sealing the liquid injection port.

Optionally, the sealing element is one of a sealant, a sealing post and a steel ball.

Optionally, the battery cell includes a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate, and the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate are wound to form a winding core, wherein the diaphragm is located between the positive plate and the negative plate;

the battery cell further comprises a positive tab and a negative tab, the positive tab is welded on the positive plate, and the negative tab is welded on the negative plate.

Optionally, the battery structure is a cylindrical battery structure.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the battery structure mainly comprises a shell, an electric core and electrolyte, wherein the electric core is fixedly accommodated in the shell, the electrolyte is injected between the inner wall of the shell and the electric core, and a structure of a battery product is obtained. This battery structure is through chooseing for use the aluminium casing as the casing of battery, and anodal block and aluminium casing machinery seal, and be equipped with on the anodal block and annotate the liquid mouth, and the design development is simple, can realize opening formation through annotating the liquid mouth, and it can release to become gaseous, has reduced battery internal pressure greatly, and the security performance and the electrochemical performance of battery all improve to some extent, have effectively reduced under the current technological condition that the battery is opened and the risk that the electrical property reduces at the safety valve in the use.

Drawings

The advantages of the above and/or additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the battery structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode cap of the battery structure of fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the positive electrode cap of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a left side view of the positive electrode cap of fig. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the negative cap with a second conductive pad of the cell structure of FIG. 1;

fig. 7 is a front view of the negative cap with the second conductive pad of fig. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the cell structure of the battery structure of fig. 1;

figure 9 is a front view of the cell of figure 8;

wherein the correspondence between the reference numbers and the names of the components in fig. 1 to 9 is:

10. a housing; 11. a housing; 12. a positive electrode cap; 121. a liquid injection port; 122. a first conductive pad;

20. an electric core; 21. a winding core; 22. a positive tab; 23. a negative tab;

30. a negative electrode cap;

40. a second conductive pad; 41. a first welding surface; 42. a second bonding surface.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the communication may be direct, indirect via an intermediate medium, or internal to both elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

An embodiment of the utility model provides a battery structure of a 18650 battery with an opening function, wherein the 18650 battery is a cylindrical lithium ion battery. As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the battery structure includes a casing 10, a battery cell 20 and an electrolyte, the casing 10 is cylindrical, the battery cell 20 is fixedly accommodated in the casing 10, and the electrolyte is injected between the inner wall of the casing 10 and the battery cell 20.

In a specific embodiment, referring mainly to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the casing 10 includes a casing 11 and a positive electrode cap 12, the casing 11 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an opening at one end, the shape of the positive electrode cap 12 is adapted to the shape of the opening end of the casing 11, and the positive electrode cap 12 is mounted above the casing 11 and closes the opening, so that the positive electrode cap 12 and the casing 11 form a relatively closed space for accommodating the battery cell 20 and the electrolyte, wherein the casing 11 is made of aluminum, and the positive electrode cap 12 is made of a cylindrical 18650 special cap material for the battery. In other words, in the 18650 battery structure, the case 10 is assembled by two parts, namely, the aluminum case 11 and the positive electrode cap 12, and the aluminum case 11 and the positive electrode cap 12 are sealed by mechanical sealing.

Further, referring mainly to fig. 3 and 4, the positive electrode cap 12 is provided with a liquid inlet 121, and the liquid inlet 121 communicates with the inside of the case 11. In this way, the electrolyte can be injected between the inner wall of the casing 10 and the battery cell 20 through the injection port 121 on the positive electrode cap 12, and the generated formation gas can be discharged from the injection port 121 during the formation of the battery, and the injection port 121 on the positive electrode cap 12 can be sealed until the formation is finished.

The 18650 battery structure is mainly composed of a casing 10, a battery cell 20 and an electrolyte, the battery cell 20 is fixedly accommodated in the casing 10, and the electrolyte is injected between the inner wall of the casing 10 and the battery cell 20 to obtain the structure of the battery product, wherein the casing 10 is composed of a casing 11 and a positive electrode cap 12 which are made of aluminum materials, the casing 11 is of a hollow structure with an opening, the positive electrode cap 12 is installed above the casing 11 to close the opening so as to form a space for accommodating the battery cell 20 and the electrolyte with the casing 11, moreover, an injection port 121 is arranged on the positive electrode cap 12 of the battery, on one hand, the electrolyte can be injected into the casing 10 through the injection port 121, on the other hand, during the formation of the battery, gas generated during the formation of the battery can be discharged from the injection port 121, and after the formation of the battery is finished, the injection port 121 is sealed and sealed, and then the whole battery product is obtained. This 18650 battery structure is through chooseing for use the aluminium hull as the casing 11 of battery, anodal block 12 seals with aluminium hull machinery, and is equipped with on the anodal block 12 and annotates liquid mouth 121, and design and development are simple, can realize opening formation through annotating liquid mouth 121, and it can release to become gaseous, has reduced battery internal pressure greatly, and the security performance and the electrochemical performance of battery all improve to some extent, and the risk that the battery opened and the electrical property reduces in the use safety valve under the effective technological condition that has reduced current under the process.

The formation of the battery refers to a series of process steps performed on the battery charged for the first time to stabilize the performance of the battery, and the process is a critical process for the preparation of the lithium ion battery and directly affects the performance of the lithium ion battery. Compared with closed formation, the open formation process is favorable for timely discharging generated formation gas in the battery formation process, so that the internal pressure of the battery is reduced, the opening of a safety valve or other potential safety hazards of the battery is avoided, and the use safety and stability of the battery are improved.

In the present embodiment, the positive electrode cap 12 is welded to the case 11. Specifically, referring mainly to fig. 3, a circle of first connecting surface is formed on the inner side of the positive electrode cap 12, a circle of second connecting surface is formed on the end of the housing 11 having the opening, and the sealing manner of welding the positive electrode cap 12 on the housing 11 is realized by welding the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface, wherein the welding tool can be a laser welding machine, that is, the positive electrode cap 12 and the housing 11 are sealed by laser welding. Therefore, to this 18650 battery structure, through changing casing 11 material and processing mode, the casing 11 of battery chooses the aluminum hull for use promptly, and anodal block 12 welding mode welds at aluminium casing 11, be convenient for carry out mechanical seal to the open end of casing 11, so that anodal block 12 and casing 11 form the space of relative confined, processing mode is very simple, it is simple to reach the design development, can realize opening formation again through annotating liquid mouth 121, with the security performance and the electrochemical performance of promotion battery, in addition, anodal block 12 is used for welded connection face to be the round with casing 11, guarantee that anodal block 12 is connected reliably with casing 11.

In the present embodiment, the battery cell 20 is welded inside the casing 10. Because the battery shell 11 is an aluminum shell, the processing method of welding the aluminum shell is adopted, the processing technology is simple, and the encapsulation of the battery core 20 in the shell 10 is convenient.

Further, in the present embodiment, the battery structure further includes a negative electrode cap 30, the positive terminal of the battery cell 20 is welded on the positive electrode cap 12, and the negative terminal of the battery cell 20 is welded on the negative electrode cap 30. Specifically, the casing 11 has an open end facing upward, the negative electrode cap 30 is fixed at the bottom of the casing 11, the negative electrode end of the battery cell 20 is welded and fixed on the negative electrode cap 30, the positive electrode cap 12 is located at the top of the casing 11 and is welded and fixed with the positive electrode end of the battery cell 20, and the opening at the top end of the casing 11 is closed by welding the positive electrode cap 12 at the top of the casing 11, so as to form the whole battery structure.

In this embodiment, referring mainly to fig. 3 and 5, the battery structure further includes a first lead pad 122, the first lead pad 122 is formed inside the positive electrode cap 12, and the positive electrode end of the battery cell 20 is welded to the positive electrode cap 12 through the first lead pad 122. Specifically, the height of the casing 11 is slightly higher than that of the battery cell 20, a first conductive pad 122 protruding from the first connection surface is formed on the inner side of the positive electrode cap 12, the first conductive pad 122 is used for being welded and fixed with the positive electrode end of the battery cell 20, and a space is reserved for the protruding first conductive pad 122 by the height difference between the casing 11 and the battery cell 20, wherein an ultrasonic welding machine or a laser welding machine can be selected as a welding tool, that is, the battery cell 20 and the first conductive pad 122 are subjected to ultrasonic welding or laser welding, and the selection is specifically performed according to a design process. Generally, when the 18650 battery is installed, the negative end of the battery cell 20 is usually welded at the bottom of the casing 11, and then the positive cap 12 needs to be welded, so as to ensure the stability of the whole battery structure, the positive cap 12 and the positive end of the battery cell 20 and the casing 11 need to be welded, so that when the positive cap 12 is installed, the positive cap 12 and the positive end of the battery cell 20 inside the casing 11 are conveniently welded through the first conducting pad 122 protruding from the inner side of the positive cap 12, the reliability of connection is ensured, and when the positive cap 12 and the battery cell 20 are welded, the circle of connection between the positive cap 12 and the casing 11 is conveniently welded. In the present embodiment, a column extending from the top of the positive electrode cap 12 to the bottom of the positive electrode cap 12 is further formed on the positive electrode cap 12, and a liquid inlet 121 is opened in the column. Thus, the first conductive pad 122 protrudes from the pillar as well as the first connection surface, so that when the positive terminal of the battery cell 20 is welded and fixed to the first conductive pad 122, the battery cell 20 is prevented from directly contacting the pillar.

In this embodiment, referring mainly to fig. 6 and 7, the battery structure further includes a second lead pad 40, the second lead pad 40 is integrally connected to the negative electrode cap 30, the negative electrode end of the battery cell 20 is welded to one side of the second lead pad 40, and the other side of the second lead pad 40 opposite to the second lead pad is welded to the bottom of the case 11, where the second lead pad 40 is a bent structure. Specifically, the second bonding pad 40 has a first bonding surface 41 and a second bonding surface 42, the first bonding surface 41 is used for being bonded and fixed to the negative electrode end of the battery cell 20, and the second bonding surface 42 is used for being bonded and fixed to the bottom of the casing 11, where a bonding tool may be an ultrasonic bonding machine or a laser bonding machine, that is, the battery cell 20 and the second bonding pad 40, and the second bonding pad 40 and the casing 11 are welded ultrasonically or laser-bonded, and are specifically selected according to a design process. Generally, when the 18650 battery is installed, the negative end of the battery core 20 needs to be welded to the negative cap 30, and the negative cap 30 needs to be welded to the bottom of the case 11, so that, for convenience of welding, by providing the second lead pad 40 integrated with the negative cap 30, the negative end of the battery core 20 is firstly welded to the first welding surface 41 of the second lead pad 40, so as to weld the battery core 20 and the negative cap 30 into a whole through the second lead pad 40, then bending the second lead pad 40, and then welding the second welding surface 42 of the second lead pad 40 to the bottom of the case 11, so as to weld the negative cap 30 and the case 11 into a whole through the second lead pad 40, such a welding manner is very convenient, compared with a welding manner of directly encapsulating the battery core 20 in the case 11, not only is the welding of the battery core 20 in the case 11 facilitated, but also the accurate alignment of the battery core 20 in the case 11 is facilitated, the quality of the battery product is improved.

In this embodiment, the battery structure further includes a sealing member for sealing the liquid pouring port 121. Through the notes liquid mouth 121 of seting up on anodal block 12 to pour into electrolyte to the battery of having annotated electrolyte inside, accessible sealing member will annotate liquid mouth 121 and temporarily seal or thoroughly seal, specifically select according to actual conditions, guarantee the leakproofness of the accommodation space of casing 11 and anodal block 12 formation, avoid the electrolyte weeping.

Further, in the present embodiment, the sealing member is one of a sealant, a sealing post and a steel ball. Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the liquid filling port 121 needs to be temporarily sealed, the liquid filling port 121 may be filled or covered temporarily with a sealant or a sealing column, etc., to form a check valve; and after the battery is completely prepared, namely the battery formation and grading process is finished, the liquid injection port 121 can be completely sealed by extruding the steel balls into the liquid injection port 121, wherein the diameter of the steel balls can be slightly larger than that of the liquid injection port 121, so that the sealing effect is ensured.

In this embodiment, referring mainly to fig. 8 and 9, the battery cell 20 includes a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate, the diaphragm is located between the positive plate and the negative plate to separate the positive plate from the negative plate, and the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate are wound to form a cylindrical winding core 21, where the positive plate and the negative plate are dedicated positive plates and negative plates for the battery cell 20, the diaphragm is an existing diaphragm, and the number of the diaphragms can be selected according to actual situations. Moreover, in this embodiment, the battery cell 20 further includes a positive tab 22 and a negative tab 23, the positive tab 22 is welded on the positive plate, and the wound positive tab 22 is located at the top of the battery cell 20 and is used for welding with the positive cap 12, the negative tab 23 is welded on the negative plate, and the wound negative tab 23 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 20 and is used for welding with the negative cap 30, wherein the positive tab and the negative tab are both rectangular plate-shaped structures, and the welding tool can select an ultrasonic welding machine, that is, the positive tab 22 and the negative tab 23 are welded on the positive plate and the negative plate by ultrasonic welding.

A preparation method for preparing the 18650 battery comprises the steps of encapsulating a battery cell 20 in a shell 11 through an opening; fixing the battery cell 20 on the positive cap 12, and then fixing the positive cap 12 on the shell 11; injecting electrolyte into the case 11 through the injection port 121; the battery is opened and sealed with the liquid inlet 121.

When the 18650 battery is prepared, firstly, the battery core 20 is encapsulated in the shell 11 through the opening on the shell 11, then the positive electrode cap 12 is fixed with the battery core 20 and the shell 11 in sequence, then the electrolyte is injected into the shell 11 through the electrolyte injection port 121 to form a basic structure of the battery, after the opening formation, the volume division and other processes are carried out on the battery after the electrolyte injection, finally, the electrolyte injection port 121 is sealed, and thus, the whole preparation process of the battery is completed, and the finished battery is prepared. This 18650 battery preparation method is simple, through fixing in proper order between casing 11, anodal cap 12 and electric core 20 three, form the battery structure after pouring into electrolyte into, treat that the sealed notes liquid mouth 121 that annotates after processes such as opening formation, partial volume obtains whole battery product, wherein, in the formation process, the gas that the formation produced obtains the release through annotating liquid mouth 121, avoids forming gas and reserves inside the battery, has effectively improved the uniformity and the security of battery, guarantees the security and the stability of battery in the use.

In the present embodiment, before the battery cell 20 is encapsulated in the casing 11 through the opening, the battery cell 20 is prepared by winding. Specifically, the positive tab 22 and the negative tab 23 may be welded to the positive plate and the negative plate respectively by an ultrasonic welding machine, then the positive plate and the negative plate are fixed to the winding device, and the positive plate and the negative plate are isolated by a diaphragm to prevent the positive plate and the negative plate from contacting together to form a short circuit, and the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm are wound into the electrical core 20 through the positive and negative feeding units, the deviation correcting system and the auxiliary guide wheels of the winding device.

In the present embodiment, encapsulating the battery cell 20 in the case 11 through the opening includes welding the negative electrode tab 23 of the battery cell 20 to the negative electrode cap 30 and welding the negative electrode cap 30 to the bottom of the case 11. Specifically, the negative electrode tab 23 of the battery cell 20 is welded on the second lead pad 40 by an ultrasonic welding machine or a laser welding machine, and then the second lead pad 40 is welded with the bottom of the shell 11 by the ultrasonic welding machine or the laser welding machine, and the method is specifically selected according to a design process, wherein an auxiliary clamp can be used to pass through the center hole of the battery cell 20 during welding.

In this embodiment, the specific steps of fixing the battery cell 20 to the positive cap 12 and then fixing the positive cap 12 to the housing 11 include welding the positive tab 22 of the battery cell 20 welded in the housing 11 to the first lead pad 122 by an ultrasonic welding machine or a laser welding machine, specifically selecting the positive tab according to the design process, positioning the battery cell 20 welded with the positive cap 12 by a tooling fixture, and then welding the positive cap 12 and the housing 11 together by the laser welding machine.

In this embodiment, before the electrolyte is injected into the case 11 through the electrolyte injection port 121, the welded battery core 20 is subjected to a certain baking process, then the electrolyte is injected into the case 11 through the electrolyte injection port 121, and the electrolyte-injected battery is subjected to filling type or covering type sealing of the electrolyte injection port 121 through a sealant or a sealing column.

In this embodiment, after the electrolyte is injected into the case 11 through the injection port 121, the battery after the injection of the electrolyte is subjected to a predetermined process for standing, and then subjected to an opening formation and capacity grading process under a low humidity condition, and then steel balls are pressed into the injection port 121 through a steel ball pressing device or a tool for sealing, thereby manufacturing a finished battery.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A battery structure, comprising:

the shell (10) comprises a shell (11) and a positive electrode cap (12), wherein the shell (11) is of a hollow structure with an opening at one end, the positive electrode cap (12) is arranged above the shell (11) and closes the opening, a liquid injection port (121) is formed in the positive electrode cap (12), and the shell (11) is made of aluminum;

the battery cell (20) is fixedly accommodated in the shell (10); and

and electrolyte can be injected between the inner wall of the shell (10) and the battery cell (20) through the injection port (121).

2. The battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the positive electrode cap (12) is welded to the case (11).

3. The battery structure of claim 1, characterized in that the cell (20) is welded within the housing (10).

4. The battery structure according to claim 3, further comprising a negative cap (30), wherein the positive terminal of the cell (20) is welded to the positive cap (12), and the negative terminal of the cell (20) is welded to the negative cap (30).

5. The battery structure according to claim 4, further comprising a first lead land (122), wherein the first lead land (122) is formed on an inner side of the positive electrode cap (12), and wherein the positive terminal of the cell (20) is welded to the positive electrode cap (12) through the first lead land (122).

6. The battery structure according to claim 4, further comprising a second lead pad (40), wherein the second lead pad (40) is integrally connected to the negative electrode cap (30), the negative electrode end of the cell (20) is welded to one side of the second lead pad (40), and the opposite side of the second lead pad (40) is welded to the bottom of the casing (11), wherein the second lead pad (40) has a bent structure.

7. The battery structure according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing member for sealing the liquid pouring port (121).

8. The battery structure of claim 7, wherein the sealing member is one of a sealant, a sealing post, and a steel ball.

9. The battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the battery core (20) comprises a positive plate, a separator and a negative plate, the positive plate, the separator and the negative plate are wound to form a winding core (21), and the separator is located between the positive plate and the negative plate;

the battery cell (20) further comprises a positive tab (22) and a negative tab (23), the positive tab (22) is welded on the positive plate, and the negative tab (23) is welded on the negative plate.

10. The battery structure of claim 1, wherein the battery structure is a cylindrical battery structure.