CN216435982U - Battery with a battery cell - Google Patents
Battery with a battery cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN216435982U CN216435982U CN202123142677.3U CN202123142677U CN216435982U CN 216435982 U CN216435982 U CN 216435982U CN 202123142677 U CN202123142677 U CN 202123142677U CN 216435982 U CN216435982 U CN 216435982U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The application provides a battery, which comprises a first pole piece, a second pole piece, a control unit, a first pole lug, a second pole lug and a third pole lug, wherein the first pole lug and the second pole lug are connected to the first pole piece; the polarity of the first pole piece is opposite to that of the second pole piece; the control unit comprises a charging control circuit and a heating control circuit; in the case that the battery is connected to an external power supply, the heating control circuit is configured to: when the temperature of the battery is lower than a first temperature threshold value, the heating control circuit conducts the first pole lug, the first pole piece and the second pole lug to heat the battery; under the condition that the battery is connected with the external power supply, the charging control circuit is used for: when the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold value, charging the battery; the charging control circuit is connected with the third pole lug and simultaneously connected with at least one of the first pole lug and the second pole lug. The battery effectively solves the problems of low charging speed, easy lithium precipitation for a long time and capacity attenuation of the battery at low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery.
Background
Nowadays, lithium ion batteries are increasingly widely applied, and application occasions are increasingly increased, but the lithium ion batteries have problems of capacity attenuation, low charge and discharge efficiency, and even possibility of causing the problems of metal lithium precipitation at the position of a negative electrode and the like when used at lower temperature.
In the related art, there are various solutions to the problem that the battery has a slow charging speed at a low temperature and is easily separated from lithium for a long time, for example, heating by a self-heat-release method; bidirectional pulse heating, namely dividing a pack (pack) of batteries into two groups of batteries with equal capacity, exchanging electric quantity between the two groups of batteries and heating by using internal resistance; the alternating current heating is that the battery is heated by the alternating current, the battery drives the heating wire to be matched with the fan for heating, and the like.
However, none of the above solutions can solve the problems of low charging speed and easy lithium deposition for a long time at low temperature.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the application provides a battery, which is used for solving the technical problems that the battery is low in charging speed, easy to separate lithium for a long time and low in capacity attenuation at low temperature.
The embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions for solving the above technical problems:
the embodiment of the application provides a battery, which comprises a first pole piece, a second pole piece, a control unit, a first pole lug, a second pole lug and a third pole lug, wherein the first pole lug and the second pole lug are connected to the first pole piece;
the polarities of the first pole piece and the second pole piece are opposite;
the control unit comprises a charging control circuit and a heating control circuit;
in the case that the battery is connected to an external power supply, the heating control circuit is configured to: when the temperature of the battery is lower than a first temperature threshold value, the heating control circuit conducts the first lug, the first pole piece and the second lug so that the current introduced into the battery flows through the heating control circuit, the first lug, the first pole piece and the second lug to heat the battery so as to enable the battery to be in a heating state;
under the condition that the battery is connected with the external power supply, the charging control circuit is used for: when the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold value, charging the battery;
the charging control circuit is connected with the third pole lug and simultaneously connected with at least one of the first pole lug and the second pole lug.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are that: according to the battery provided by the embodiment of the application, the first pole lug and the second pole lug are arranged on the first pole piece, when the temperature of the battery is smaller than the first temperature threshold value, the heating control circuit conducts the first pole lug, the first pole piece and the second pole lug so that the current introduced into the battery flows through the first pole lug, the first pole piece and the second pole lug, and at the moment, the battery is not charged but is heated by ohmic heat generated by electrifying the first pole lug, the first pole piece and the second pole lug so that the temperature of the battery is increased; when the temperature of the battery rises to be more than or equal to a first temperature threshold value, the heating control circuit conducts the first pole piece and the second pole piece so as to charge the battery, the battery provided by the embodiment of the application can utilize the first pole lug at a low temperature, the first pole piece and the second pole lug are electrified to generate ohmic heat to heat and raise the temperature of the battery at first, and the battery is charged when the temperature in the battery is raised to reach the charging temperature by heating, so that the problems of low charging speed, long-time easy lithium separation and capacity attenuation of the battery at the low temperature are solved effectively, the battery can uniformly heat the battery core in a short time, the heating efficiency is high, the effect is good, the performance of the battery is not influenced, and the production and processing mode is simple.
In a possible embodiment, the first temperature threshold is 5-20 ℃.
In one possible embodiment, the control unit comprises a detection subunit and a temperature sensor connected to said detection subunit;
the detection subunit is used for receiving the battery temperature detected by the temperature sensor and feeding the battery temperature back to the control unit;
the control unit judges that the battery temperature is smaller than a first temperature threshold value according to the battery temperature fed back by the detection subunit; or greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold.
In one possible embodiment, when the control unit determines that the battery temperature is equal to or higher than a first temperature threshold value while the battery is in the heating state, the control unit turns off the heating control circuit and turns on the charging control circuit.
In one possible embodiment, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the tab and/or the temperature of the battery surface.
In a possible embodiment, the control unit is further configured to obtain a battery capacity;
when the acquired battery capacity is equal to or greater than a first capacity threshold, the control unit disconnects the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit.
In one possible embodiment, the first capacity threshold is 95-100%.
In one possible embodiment, the resistance between the first tab and the second tab is greater than or equal to 4 milliohms.
In one possible embodiment, the sum of the resistance at the connection location of the first tab to the first pole piece and the resistance at the connection location of the second tab to the first pole piece is R1;
the resistance between the first lug and the second lug is R, wherein R1/R is less than or equal to 40%.
In one possible embodiment, the projections of the first tab, the second tab and the third tab in the thickness direction of the battery do not coincide.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery in example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cell in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the development of a positive electrode sheet in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a battery in example 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cell in example 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic developed cross-sectional view of the negative electrode sheet in example 2.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a housing;
110. a positive electrode; 120. a negative electrode;
200. an electric core;
210. a positive plate; 220. a negative plate; 230. an isolation film; 240. a positive tab; 250. a negative tab;
211. aluminum foil; 212. a positive electrode active material;
221. copper foil; 222. a negative electrode active material;
310. preheating the tab; 320. a controller; 330. a temperature sensor; 340. a first control switch; 350. a second control switch.
With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
When the lithium ion battery is charged at a low temperature, due to the factors that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte is reduced and the de-intercalation rate of the anode and the cathode is reduced, the charging speed is greatly reduced, and even the precipitation of metal lithium at the position of the cathode can be caused, so that the service life of the battery is influenced. In the related art, there are various solutions to the problem that the battery has a slow charging speed at a low temperature and is easily separated from lithium for a long time, for example, heating by a self-heat-release method; bidirectional pulse heating; alternating current heating, battery-driven heating wires and a fan for heating, and the like, but the self-heat-release heating method has low heating efficiency and low heat production rate; the alternating current heating method has influence on the aging and the cycling stability of the battery; the method that the battery drives the electric heating wire and is matched with the fan to heat has high heating rate, but the efficiency is not high enough, and the internal and external heating degrees are not uniform; while the bidirectional pulse heating method is only suitable for multi-core systems.
In view of this, the positive plate or the negative plate has a certain resistivity, if the positive plate or the negative plate can be electrified when the battery is at a low temperature, the positive plate or the negative plate can heat the battery, so the conduction of the positive plate or the negative plate is realized by arranging the preheating tab on the positive plate or the negative plate, further, a controller is arranged in the battery, and when the temperature in the battery is lower than a set value for charging the battery, the controller controls the conduction of the positive plate or the negative plate, namely, when the preheating tab is arranged on the positive plate, the controller controls the current to enter from the positive tab on the positive plate, and the conduction of the positive plate is realized from the preheating tab on the positive plate to heat the battery; when the preheating lug is arranged on the negative plate, the controller controls current to enter from the preheating lug and exit from the negative plate on the negative plate to realize the conduction of the negative plate to heat the battery; when the temperature in the battery reaches the allowable range of the charging temperature, the controller controls the current to enter from the positive electrode tab and exit from the negative electrode tab to realize the charging of the battery.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery in example 1; fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cell in example 1; fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the development of the positive electrode sheet in example 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the battery provided in this embodiment includes a casing 100, a battery cell 200 disposed in the casing 100, and a preheating assembly, where the battery cell 200 includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, a first pole tab, a second pole tab, and a third pole tab, the first pole piece may be a positive pole piece or a negative pole piece, the corresponding second pole piece may be a negative pole piece or a positive pole piece, in this embodiment, the first pole piece is the positive pole piece 210, the second pole piece is the negative pole piece 220, the first pole tab is the positive pole tab 240 connected to the positive pole piece, the second pole tab is a preheating pole tab 310 described below, the third pole tab is the negative pole tab connected to the negative pole piece 220, the preheating pole tab 310 is connected to the positive pole piece 210, the casing 100 is provided with the positive pole 110 and the negative pole 120, and a current of an external power source flows in from the positive pole 110 and flows out from the negative pole 120.
As shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode tab 210 includes an aluminum foil 211 and a positive electrode active material 212 disposed on the aluminum foil 211, and as shown in fig. 6, the negative electrode tab 220 includes a copper foil 221 and a negative electrode active material 222 disposed on the copper foil 221, and since the resistivity of the aluminum foil 211 is greater than that of the copper foil 221, in the embodiment of the present application, the preheating tab 310 is preferably attached to the positive electrode tab 210.
The preheating assembly comprises a preheating lug 310 and a control unit, the control unit comprises a controller 320, a charging control circuit, a heating control circuit, a detection subunit and a temperature sensor 330, the temperature sensor 330 is used for collecting the temperature of the lug and/or the temperature of the surface of a battery, the temperature sensor 330 is in communication connection with the detection subunit, the detection subunit is in communication connection with the controller 320, the detection subunit transmits the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 to the controller 320, namely, the detection subunit is used for receiving the temperature of the battery detected by the temperature sensor and feeding the temperature of the battery back to the control unit 320.
The positive tab 240 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 110 through a first line, the negative tab 250 is electrically connected to the negative electrode 120 through a charging control circuit, the preheating tab 310 is electrically connected to the negative electrode 120 through a heating control circuit, the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit are in communication connection with the controller 320, the controller 320 controls the conduction of the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 330, that is, the controller 320 controls the conduction or non-conduction of the charging control circuit according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 330, controls the conduction or non-conduction of the heating control circuit, controls the conduction of the charging control circuit and the non-conduction of the heating control circuit simultaneously, and of course in the embodiment of the present application, the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit are not controlled to be turned on at the same time, but may be set as needed, and are not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature sensor 330 may be disposed on the surface of the battery cell 200, inside the battery cell 200, or in the casing 100, and in the embodiment of the present application, the specific position of the temperature sensor 330 is not particularly limited.
In some embodiments of the present application, when the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed in an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a tablet, the temperature sensor 330 may also share one temperature sensor with a temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet, that is, the temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet serves as the temperature sensor 330 in the embodiment of the present application, and the temperature sensor 330 in the embodiment of the present application shares temperature data detected by the same temperature detector with the temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet.
The controller 320 may be provided separately or on a controller of an electronic device in which the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed. When the controller 320 is separately provided, it may be located inside the housing 100 or outside the housing 100, and its specific location is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. When the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed in an electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet, the controller 320 in the embodiment of the present application may also be integrated with a controller in an electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet, that is, components are added to the controller on the electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet to control the heating, charging or power-off of the battery.
In this embodiment, the operation of the preheating assembly is as follows:
when the battery is charged, the temperature sensor 330 transmits a detected temperature signal to the detection subunit, the detection subunit feeds back the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 to the controller 320, the controller 320 compares the battery temperature fed back by the detection subunit with a first temperature threshold, and the controller 320 controls the conduction conditions of the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit according to the comparison result, that is:
when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is lower than the first temperature threshold value, it indicates that the temperature of the battery is too low and needs to be heated first, at this moment, the controller 320 controls the heating control circuit to be switched on, and the charging control circuit is in a non-conducting state, when the heating control circuit is switched on, the current generated by the external power supply enters the preheating tab 310 from the positive tab 240, that is, the battery does not perform the charging process, but the current enters the positive tab 240 and flows out from the preheating tab 310 after passing through the positive tab 210, the positive tab 240 and the preheating tab 310 all have certain resistance, and the thermal effect after the resistance is switched on enables the positive tab 210, the positive tab 240 and the preheating tab 310 to heat the battery together, so that the temperature of the battery is rapidly and uniformly increased.
When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the controller 320 controls the heating control circuit to be turned off and controls the charging control circuit to be turned on. At this time, the current generated by the external power supply flows from the positive tab 240 to the negative tab 250, i.e., the battery is charged and the preheating assembly stops heating the battery cell 200, because the battery also has the generation of partial ohmic heat and polarization heat in the charging process, the temperature of the battery cell 200 will always be in a more appropriate temperature range, so that the battery cell 200 does not need to be continuously heated during charging, the battery is prevented from being overheated, and the heating power of the preheating assembly can be reduced without cutting off the heating control circuit.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first temperature threshold is 5-20 deg.C, preferably 10-15 deg.C.
Of course, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the charging temperature may also be set to a range value, that is, when the battery temperature is lower than the minimum value of the range value, the controller 320 controls the heating control circuit to be turned on to heat the battery, when the battery temperature is in the range value, the controller 320 controls the charging control circuit to be turned on to charge the battery, when the battery temperature is higher than the maximum value of the range value, the controller 320 controls the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit to be turned off simultaneously, that is, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is higher than the maximum value of the charging temperature range value, it indicates that the temperature of the battery cell 200 is too high, at this time, the controller 320 controls the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit to be turned off simultaneously, so that the battery cell 200 is neither charged nor heated, thereby ensuring the performance and safety of the battery cell 200, and preventing the battery from excessive loss of the positive electrode 110 due to overheating, the consumption speed of the electrolyte is increased, and the like.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the charging temperature range is set to be optionally 15 to 80 ℃, and more preferably 20 to 30 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present application, the low temperature range may also be set, for example, from-45 ℃ to 15 ℃, and the temperature range may be adjusted by the controller 320 for safety.
In this embodiment, the battery cell 200 further includes a separation film 230 for separating the positive electrode sheet 210 and the negative electrode sheet 220, the positive electrode sheet 210, the separation film 230 and the negative electrode sheet 220 are stacked and then wound in a zigzag shape around one end of the positive electrode sheet, as shown in fig. 2, the negative electrode sheet 220 is wrapped by the separation film 230, then stacked with the positive electrode sheet 210, and then wound in a zigzag structure. Of course, the battery cell in the embodiment of the present application may also be other types of battery cells, and it is within the scope of the embodiment of the present application that the preheating assembly is disposed inside the battery cell, for example, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are in a plate structure.
In some embodiments of the present application, the preheating assembly further includes a first control switch 340 and a second control switch 350, the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 are respectively in communication connection with the controller 320, in this embodiment, the first control switch 340 is disposed on the charging control circuit, the second control switch 350 is disposed on the heating control circuit, the controller 320 controls the on/off of the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 330, that is, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is lower than the minimum value of the threshold interval, the controller 320 controls the second control switch 350 to be closed to heat the battery cell 200, and the first control switch 340 is in an open state, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is in the threshold interval, the controller 320 controls the second control switch 350 to be open, the first control switch 340 is closed to charge the battery cell 200, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is greater than the maximum value of the threshold interval, the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 are simultaneously turned on to protect the battery cell 200.
Further, the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 are preferably MOS transistors, but other elements having a switching function, such as a relay, may be selected.
In some possible embodiments of the present application, the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit are directly connected to the controller 320, and the controller 320 directly controls the conduction of the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit.
In this embodiment, the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 are respectively disposed at two ends of the positive tab 210 along the winding direction, and the longer the positive tab 210 between the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 is, the larger the resistance between the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 is, the more ohmic heat is generated, and the better the heating effect is, so in this embodiment, the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 are respectively disposed at two ends of the positive tab 210 along the winding direction, and of course, they may be disposed at other positions on the positive tab 210.
Further, the resistance R between the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 is greater than or equal to 4 milliohms, and more preferably, R is greater than or equal to 10 milliohms, because R is too small, the preheating speed of the battery cell 200 is too slow, which cannot meet the current requirement for fast charging of the battery, and because of the limitation of the length of the positive tab 210, R is not too large, i.e., the instant temperature rise condition is not generated.
When R is 15m Ω, according to the power calculation formula, when a constant current of 20A is applied between the positive tab 240 and the preheating tab 310, the positive tab 210 will have P I2R ═ 6W ohmic heating power, the level of heat generation being sufficient to rapidly warm up the small consumer battery in a short period of time to a temperature interval suitable for rapid charging.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, positive tab 240, negative tab 250 and preheating tab 310 are sheet structures, preheating tab 310 and positive tab 240 are not overlapped in the direction perpendicular to positive tab 240, that is, positive tab 210, separation film 230 and negative tab 220 form a winding core structure after being stacked and wound, the cross section of winding core structure is a rectangular winding structure in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the width direction of the cross section of winding core structure is the thickness direction of a battery cell, the direction perpendicular to positive tab 240 is the same as the thickness direction of a battery cell, preheating tab 310 and the setting that positive tab 240 is not overlapped in the direction perpendicular to positive tab 240 can alleviate the condition that the thickness of a battery cell 200 increases due to the increase of tab, and because tab can produce more heat, this setting can avoid heat production too concentrated.
Further, the sum of the resistance at the connecting position of the preheating tab 310 and the positive plate 210 and the resistance at the connecting position of the positive tab 240 and the positive plate 210 is R1, the resistance between the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 is R, and in order to avoid heat generation concentration at the tab position, the relationship between R1 and R is: R1/R is less than or equal to 40 percent.
R is proportional to the length of the pole piece between the two pole lugs, and when the length of the pole piece is increased, R is linearly increased, so that the adjustment of the heating area and the adjustment of the heating power can be realized by adjusting the distance between the preheating lug 310 and the positive lug.
Further, preheating tab 310, positive tab 240 and negative tab 250 do not coincide in the direction perpendicular to positive tab 240, that is, the projections of preheating tab 310, positive tab 240 and negative tab 250 in the thickness direction of the battery do not coincide, and this setting can alleviate the situation of the increase in thickness of battery cell 200 caused by the increase of the tab.
In some preferred embodiments of the present application, in order to satisfy the uniformity and rapidity of heating, the distance L between the center points of the preheating tab 310 and the positive tab 240 and the width d of the positive tab 210 are as follows: l.gtoreq.d, preferably L.gtoreq.2 d.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the preheating circuit includes only two sets of tabs, namely, the positive tab 240 and the preheating tab 310, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of tabs in the charging circuit, and the charging circuit may include two tabs, or three tabs up to N tab, where N is a positive integer greater than 2, that is, in the embodiment of the present application, the positive tab 210, the separation film 230, and the negative tab 220 are sequentially wound to obtain the battery cell 200 including one preheating tab 310, at least one positive tab 240, and at least one negative tab 250.
In some embodiments of the present application, the control unit is further configured to acquire a battery capacity, and disconnect the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit when the acquired battery capacity is equal to or greater than a first capacity threshold, which is 95-100% in this embodiment.
Example 2
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a battery in example 2; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cell in example 2; fig. 6 is a schematic developed cross-sectional view of the negative electrode sheet in example 2.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the battery in this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the battery in embodiment 1, except that: the first pole piece is the negative pole piece 220, the second pole piece is the positive pole piece 210, the first pole piece is the negative pole tab 250 connected to the negative pole piece 220, the second pole piece is the preheating pole tab 310, the third pole piece is the positive pole tab 240 connected to the positive pole piece 210, and the preheating pole tab 310 is connected to the negative pole piece 250.
Specifically, when the preheating tab 310 is connected to the negative plate 220, the positive tab 240 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 110 through the charging control circuit, the negative tab 250 is electrically connected to the negative electrode 120 through the second line, the preheating tab 310 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 120 through the heating control circuit, the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit are respectively in communication connection with the controller 320, and the controller 320 controls the conduction condition of the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 330.
Also, in the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 330 may be disposed on the surface of the battery cell 200, inside the battery cell 200, or inside the casing 100, and in the present embodiment, the specific position of the temperature sensor 330 is also not particularly limited.
In some embodiments of the present application, when the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed in an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a tablet, the temperature sensor 330 may also share one temperature sensor with a temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet, that is, the temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet serves as the temperature sensor 330 in the embodiment of the present application, and the temperature sensor 330 in the embodiment of the present application shares temperature data detected by the same temperature detector with the temperature sensor in the electronic device such as the mobile phone or the tablet.
The controller 320 may be provided separately or on a controller of an electronic device in which the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed. When the controller 320 is separately provided, it may be located inside the housing 100 or outside the housing 100, and its specific location is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. When the battery in the embodiment of the present application is installed in an electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet, the controller 320 in the embodiment of the present application may also be integrated with a controller in an electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet, that is, components are added to the controller on the electronic device such as a mobile phone and a tablet to control the heating, charging or power-off of the battery.
In this embodiment, the operation of the preheating assembly in this embodiment is the same as that of the preheating assembly in embodiment 1, namely:
when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is lower than the first temperature threshold, the controller 320 controls the heating control circuit to be conducted, the charging control circuit is in a non-conducting state, and when the heating control circuit is conducted, the current generated by the external power supply enters the preheating tab 310 and exits from the preheating tab 310 to the negative tab 250, i.e. the battery does not perform the charging process, but the current enters from the preheating tab 310 and exits from the negative tab 250 after passing through the negative plate 220, so that the battery is heated.
When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the controller 320 controls the heating control circuit to be turned off, and controls the charging control circuit to be turned on, at this time, the current generated by the external power supply flows from the positive tab 240 to the negative tab 250, i.e., the battery is charged and the preheating assembly stops heating the battery cell 200, but the heating control circuit may not be turned off, and the heating power of the heating circuit may be reduced.
Also, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the controller 320 may further control the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit to be turned off simultaneously, that is, the charging temperature may also be set to an interval value, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 330 is greater than a maximum value of the interval value, it indicates that the temperature of the battery cell 200 is too high at this time, and at this time, the controller 320 controls the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit to be turned off simultaneously, so that the battery cell 200 is neither charged nor heated.
In the present embodiment, the battery cell 200 is the same as the battery cell in embodiment 1, and each of the positive electrode sheet 210, the separator 230, and the negative electrode sheet 220 is wound in a zigzag manner.
In this embodiment, the preheating assembly further includes a first control switch 340 and a second control switch 350, when the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 are respectively in communication connection with the controller 320, the first control switch 340 is disposed on the charging control circuit, the second control switch 350 is disposed on the heating control circuit, and the controller 320 controls the on/off of the first control switch 340 and the second control switch 350 according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 330, and the control method is the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not repeated herein.
Further, when the preheating tab 310 is attached to the negative electrode tab 220, the structure and performance of the preheating tab 310 attached to the negative electrode tab 220 are the same as those of the preheating tab 310 attached to the positive electrode tab 210, for example:
the preheating tabs 310 and the negative tabs 250 are respectively disposed at both ends of the negative electrode sheet 220 in the winding direction.
The resistance rbminus between the preheating tab 310 and the negative tab 250 is equal to or greater than 4 milliohms.
The pre-heating tab 310 and the negative electrode tab 250 are not overlapped in a direction perpendicular to the negative electrode tab 250.
The sum of the resistance at the connection position of the preheating tab 310 and the negative electrode tab 220 and the resistance at the connection position of the negative electrode tab 250 and the negative electrode tab 220 is R2, and the resistance between the preheating tab 310 and the negative electrode tab 250 is RNegative poleTo avoid concentrated heat generation at the tab position, R1 and RNegative poleThe relationship of (1) is: R1/RNegative pole≤40％。
The preheating tab 310, the positive tab 240 and the negative tab 250 do not coincide in a direction perpendicular to the negative tab 250, that is, projections of the preheating tab 310, the positive tab 240 and the negative tab 250 in the thickness direction of the battery do not coincide.
The distance L1 between the center points of the pre-heated tab 310 and the negative tab 250 and the width d1 of the negative tab 220 have the relationship: l1 is more than or equal to d 1.
The specific effect of the above setting is the same as the corresponding effect in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Example 3
This example is a comparative example, the difference in performance between the battery in comparative example 1 and the battery in comparative example 1.
The battery of example 1 was fabricated as follows:
preparing a positive plate: lithium cobaltate (LiCoO2), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), conductive carbon black (Super-P) were mixed in a 97.5: 1.5: adding the mixture into a dispersion machine according to the mass ratio of 1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, stirring at a high speed to prepare anode slurry, coating the anode slurry on two surfaces of an aluminum foil with the thickness of 10 mu m, drying, rolling and slitting to obtain an anode sheet.
Setting a positive lug: the positive tab and the preheating tab are respectively arranged at the first folding of the head part and the last folding of the tail part and are connected by laser welding, and the positive tab and the preheating tab are not overlapped with each other in the direction perpendicular to the positive tab after being wound.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing artificial graphite, Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) and conductive carbon black (Super-P) in a ratio of 97:2: 1: adding the mixture into a dispersion machine according to the mass ratio of 1, adding deionized water serving as a solvent, stirring at a high speed to prepare negative electrode slurry, coating the negative electrode slurry on two surfaces of copper foil with the thickness of 6 mu m, drying at 105 ℃, and rolling to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
Setting a negative electrode lug: the negative tab was laser welded to the head of the negative electrode in the first fold.
And (3) stacking the positive plate, the negative plate and the separation film with the thickness of 10 mu m in sequence and then winding to obtain the winding core containing the preheated tab.
And packaging the winding core by using an aluminum plastic film, and injecting Ethylene Carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), in a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, then using 1mol/L lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)6) Aging the electrolyte. And after a certain time, carrying out a formation process, cutting off the air bag, carrying out sorting and other processes to obtain the battery cell, wherein the capacity of the battery cell is 4000mAh, and the maximum charging voltage is 4.4V.
The shell is welded at a proper position of the battery core, the positive lug is connected to the positive pole of the shell, the preheating lug and the negative lug are connected to the negative pole of the shell, and the controller, the temperature sensor, the first control switch and the second control switch are correspondingly connected.
Comparative example 1:
the difference between comparative example 1 and example 1 is that comparative example 1 has no preheating unit and is charged directly into the charging process at low temperature.
A low-temperature charging system: the cell voltage was discharged to 3.0V at 1C and then placed in a 10 ℃ incubator for 12 hours. The battery in embodiment 1 is firstly heated, the preheating assembly is started by a current of 20A, the battery temperature is monitored, the preheating assembly is interrupted when the battery temperature is higher than or equal to 20 ℃, then a normal charging program is started, the battery is charged to a cut-off voltage by a current of 1C, and then the battery is charged by a constant voltage of 4.4V until the charging current is lower than or equal to 0.05C; discharging with 1C current after standing for 10min until the battery voltage is less than or equal to 3.0V. The above heating and charging schedules were repeated until the battery was cycled 500 times, and the capacity retention ratio at the end of the battery cycle was calculated, and comparative example 1 was charged and discharged under the same conditions.
Whether the battery separates lithium: after the battery is charged for 500 times, the battery is charged again to the cut-off voltage with the current of 1C, then the battery is charged with the constant voltage until the charging current is less than or equal to 0.05C, the battery is disassembled in a dry environment, whether a black and gray lithium precipitation area appears on the surface of the negative electrode of the battery and on the side of the diaphragm close to the negative electrode is observed, and the result is shown in Table 1.
And (3) impedance testing: and testing the impedance between the positive electrode lug and the preheated lug by using an internal resistance meter, and testing the impedance of the positive electrode piece between the positive electrode lug and the preheated lug.
Heat generation power: the heat production power is according to P ═ I2R, impedance R, between the tab brought positive to the tab preheated, 20A dc current was calculated.
Cell temperature rise rate: and (3) sticking a temperature sensing line on the surface of the battery cell, and recording the time of the temperature rise of the battery cell by 10 ℃, wherein the temperature rise degree/time is the temperature rise rate of the battery cell.
The results of the impedance test, the heat generation power, and the cell temperature rise rate are shown in table 2.
Table 1: difference in Performance between example 1 and comparative example 1
| Time of heating | Charging time | Capacity retention rate 500 times | Whether or not to separate out lithium | |
| Example 1 | 1min | 76min | 87.35％ | Does not separate out lithium |
| Comparative example 1 | / | 94min | 74.22％ | Separating lithium |
As can be seen from table 1, when the preheating component is added, the temperature during charging of the battery is proper, the charging time of the battery cell is greatly shortened in the battery in example 1 compared with the battery in comparative example 1, and the capacity retention rate of the battery in example 1 for 500 times is much higher than that in comparative example 1, and after disassembly, it is found that no obvious lithium precipitation region is generated on the surface of the pole piece and the isolation film in example 1, the appearance is good, but after disassembly, a more obvious lithium precipitation region is generated in comparative example 1.
Table 2: heating power and battery core temperature rise rate at different tab positions
As can be seen from table 2, when the distance between the preheated tab and the positive tab on the pole piece is changed, the resistance R and the heat generation power P between the two tabs linearly increase, however, since the temperature rise rate of the battery cell is affected by both heat generation and heat dissipation, the temperature rise rate of the battery cell does not linearly increase with the increase of the resistance, but exhibits a marginal effect.
The battery processing mode of this application embodiment is simple, can heat the battery to the temperature that suits to charge in the time of extremely short, and the inside and outside temperature of battery rises evenly, and is little to the influence of battery, does not influence the battery performance, and can effectively improve the low temperature of battery and fill the performance soon, prolong the life of battery.
This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A battery is characterized by comprising a first pole piece, a second pole piece, a control unit, a first pole lug, a second pole lug and a third pole lug, wherein the first pole lug and the second pole lug are connected to the first pole piece;
the polarities of the first pole piece and the second pole piece are opposite;
the control unit comprises a charging control circuit and a heating control circuit;
in the case that the battery is connected to an external power supply, the heating control circuit is configured to: when the temperature of the battery is lower than a first temperature threshold value, the heating control circuit conducts the first lug, the first pole piece and the second lug so that the current introduced into the battery flows through the heating control circuit, the first lug, the first pole piece and the second lug to heat the battery so as to enable the battery to be in a heating state;
under the condition that the battery is connected with the external power supply, the charging control circuit is used for: when the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold value, charging the battery;
the charging control circuit is connected with the third pole lug and simultaneously connected with at least one of the first pole lug and the second pole lug.
2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the first temperature threshold is 5-20 ℃.
3. The battery of claim 1, wherein the control unit comprises a detection subunit and a temperature sensor connected to the detection subunit;
the detection subunit is used for receiving the battery temperature detected by the temperature sensor and feeding the battery temperature back to the control unit;
the control unit judges that the battery temperature is smaller than a first temperature threshold value according to the battery temperature fed back by the detection subunit; or greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold.
4. The battery according to claim 1, wherein when the control unit determines that the battery temperature is equal to or higher than a first temperature threshold value while the battery is in the heating state, the control unit turns off the heating control circuit and turns on the charging control circuit.
5. The battery according to claim 3, wherein the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature of the tab and/or the temperature of the battery surface.
6. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is further configured to obtain a battery capacity;
when the acquired battery capacity is equal to or greater than a first capacity threshold, the control unit disconnects the charging control circuit and the heating control circuit.
7. The battery of claim 6, wherein the first capacity threshold is 95-100%.
8. The battery of claim 1, wherein a resistance between the first tab and the second tab is greater than or equal to 4 milliohms.
9. The battery of claim 8 wherein the sum of the resistance at the location of the connection of the first tab to the first pole piece and the resistance at the location of the connection of the second tab to the first pole piece is R1;
the resistance between the first lug and the second lug is R, wherein R1/R is less than or equal to 40%.
10. The battery of claim 1, wherein the projections of the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab in the thickness direction of the battery are all non-coincident.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123142677.3U CN216435982U (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Battery with a battery cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123142677.3U CN216435982U (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Battery with a battery cell |
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| CN216435982U true CN216435982U (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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| CN202123142677.3U Active CN216435982U (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Battery with a battery cell |
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| CN (1) | CN216435982U (en) |
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