CN216427849U - Prefabricated track plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of civil engineering of rail transit, and discloses a prefabricated rail plate for a track bed structure. The prefabricated track slab has high construction efficiency, more guaranteed engineering quality, convenient later maintenance and adjustment, convenient realization of track height compensation or adjustment, contribution to prolonging the service life of a track bed system, great improvement on economy, environmental protection and applicability, and can be widely applied to track bed engineering of track traffic lines such as subways, ground light rails and the like.

Description

Prefabricated track plate

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of civil engineering of rail transit, and particularly relates to a prefabricated rail plate for a track bed structure.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of rail transit in China, rail transit gradually enters our lives. While the rail transit provides quick and safe travel for people, the vibration and noise problems generated by the rail transit also seriously affect the life quality of surrounding residents, endanger the safety of surrounding buildings, and bring a plurality of adverse effects on the stability, safety, service life and the like of the rail transit. Therefore, trying to reduce rail vibration and noise and perfect the coordination relationship with natural and living environments becomes the key to the sustainable development of rail transit. At present, in the rail transit vibration damping and noise reduction technology, it is a commonly used measure in the industry to adopt vibration damping and noise reduction measures in the aspect of rail structure, for example, the most common rail vibration damping structure is disclosed in the chinese patent with the application number of 200610005569.2, a vibration damping cushion layer is arranged under a rail plate, the vibration damping cushion layer is composed of an elastic cushion made of elastic materials such as rubber, and the elastic cushion is used for damping the structural vibration and relieving the structural noise, and simultaneously, the functions of reducing the maintenance cost, improving the safety performance of the main structure and prolonging the service life of the main structure can be realized. However, the bottom surface of the conventional track bed slab (also called a track slab) is a plane, and the damping cushion layer is at least fully paved on the bottom plane or is locally arranged on two sides of the bottom surface, so that in engineering environments such as tunnels and the like, due to the limited space on two sides, the damping cushion layer is difficult to extract from two sides of the track bed slab, only the steel rail can be sawed off when the damping cushion layer is replaced, the track bed slab is lifted up, and then the replacement or maintenance of the damping cushion layer is completed; similarly, when foundation settlement and other problems occur, the conventional track bed plate is difficult to quickly compensate or adjust the height of the track. The elastic cushion vibration reduction ballast bed has the problems, and the conventional common ballast bed also has the problem that the height of the track is difficult to quickly compensate or adjust after the foundation subsides.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome the defects and provide the prefabricated track slab which is high in construction speed, more convenient in later maintenance and very convenient in track height adjustment.

The prefabricated track slab provided by the utility model is realized by the following steps that the prefabricated track slab comprises a track bed slab body, the bottoms of two longitudinal sides of the track bed slab body are respectively provided with a bearing surface, and the bearing surfaces are inclined planes gradually rising from inside to outside. Preferably, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the connecting line of the rail top is 1-10 degrees.

The body of the ballast bed plate can be also provided with a limiting structure. The specific form of the limiting structure can be various, for example, the limiting structure can be a limiting column or a limiting hole arranged on the body of the ballast bed; in addition, the limiting structure can also be a limiting groove arranged on the body of the ballast bed. Preferably, the vertical cross section profiles of the limiting columns or the limiting holes are trapezoidal.

When the height-adjusting backing plate or the elastic vibration-damping element is applied, the height-adjusting backing plate or the elastic vibration-damping element is correspondingly supported at the bearing surface at the lower part of the track bed plate body, and in order to be matched with the height-adjusting backing plate or the elastic vibration-damping element for limiting, limiting retaining shoulders are arranged on the periphery of the bearing surface or two longitudinal sides of the bearing surface. In addition, in order to conveniently assemble and disassemble the height-adjusting cushion plate or the elastic vibration-damping element, the limiting blocking shoulders arranged on the two sides of the bearing surface along the longitudinal direction are provided with abdicating notches. In addition, the track bed plate body can also be provided with a jacking through hole; observation through holes can also be arranged on the track bed plate body. In order to prevent foreign matters from falling in, the top of the observation through hole is provided with an end cover. And when necessary, the bottom of the observation through hole is also provided with a jacking abdicating groove. It should be noted that the jacking through hole and the observation contact through hole can also be integrated together, that is, the jacking through hole and the observation through hole are in the same structure.

In order to facilitate moving and transportation, the track bed plate body is provided with a locking connecting device which is used for being connected with an external structure during carrying. The locking connection device comprises a flange, a through hole or an anchoring piece with a threaded hole.

The longitudinal direction in the present invention is referred to as the longitudinal direction of the rail, i.e., the longitudinal direction is the same as the extending direction of the rail, or the tangential direction of the extending direction of the rail is the same or substantially the same.

Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated track slab has the following advantages: 1) the prefabricated track slab adopts a prefabricating technology, adopts qualified prefabricated plates which are standardized and produced in batches by professional slab manufacturers, has less operation limitation, high production efficiency and more guaranteed product quality, is more beneficial to controlling the production cost and prolonging the service life of a track bed system; 2) the prefabricated track slab is adopted, the space limitation of on-site pouring is avoided, the maintenance time is saved, the material transportation quantity and times are greatly reduced, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the labor intensity and the construction cost are reduced; 3) because the bearing surface arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated track slab is an inclined surface which gradually rises from inside to outside, on one hand, the automatic alignment of the prefabricated track slab and the prefabricated base slab in the assembling process is facilitated, the thickness of the prefabricated track slab can be increased to the maximum extent, the vibration participating quality is improved, and the vibration damping effect is facilitated to be improved, on the other hand, the assembly and the disassembly of the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate arranged below the bearing surface are facilitated, the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate can be extracted and assembled from the upper side only by lifting the track bed slab body to a smaller height, the corresponding space can be vacated by disassembling the fastener on the corresponding prefabricated track slab in the adjusting process, the steel rail does not need to be cut off generally, and the later maintenance difficulty is facilitated to be reduced, therefore, when the problems of foundation settlement and the like occur and the like need to compensate or adjust the height of the track, the fastener structure above the local prefabricated track slab can be disassembled, the prefabricated track slab is lifted, the compensation or adjustment of the height of the track is realized by replacing the elastic vibration reduction elements or the heightening base plates with different thicknesses, and similarly, the operation can be completed by utilizing the operating skylight time, so that the operation is very convenient; 4) the prefabricated track slab disclosed by the utility model adopts a prefabricating process, so that the cast-in-place is reduced, the influence on the health of constructors is small, the pollution to the environment is less, the prefabricated track slab has the advantages of low energy consumption, better environmental friendliness and the like, and the prefabricated track slab is more in line with the current energy-saving and environment-friendly track traffic green development concept.

In conclusion, the prefabricated track slab has high construction efficiency, better guaranteed engineering quality and convenient later maintenance and adjustment, is convenient to realize the compensation or adjustment of the track height, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of a track bed system, greatly improves the economical efficiency, environmental protection and applicability, and can be widely applied to track bed engineering of track traffic lines such as subways, ground light rails and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated track slab according to a first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an application of the prefabricated track slab of the present invention shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated track slab according to the second embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a composite slab unit constructed by using the prefabricated rail slab of the present invention shown in fig. 3.

3 fig. 35 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 a 3- 3 a 3 of 3 fig. 36 3. 3

Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating an application of the prefabricated track slab of the present invention shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an application of the prefabricated track slab of the utility model in the third embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a composite slab unit constructed by using the prefabricated rail slab of the present invention shown in fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view illustrating an application of the prefabricated track slab of the present invention in the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view F-F of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a composite slab unit constructed by using the prefabricated rail slab of the present invention shown in fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view H-H of fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a prefabricated track slab according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a bottom view of fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a view in the direction of K of fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view illustrating an application of the prefabricated rail plate of the present invention shown in fig. 15.

Fig. 19 is a second schematic structural view of a prefabricated track slab according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the prefabricated track slab of the present invention includes a track bed slab body 1, wherein the bottom of each of two longitudinal sides of the track bed slab body 1 is provided with a bearing surface 15, each bearing surface 15 is an inclined surface gradually rising from inside to outside, and an included angle between each inclined surface and a plane of a connection line of a track head is 1 °.

The application method of the prefabricated track slab of the utility model shown in fig. 1 is explained below by taking the construction of the ordinary track bed shown in fig. 2 on an viaduct as an example, wherein a prefabricated base slab 2 is adopted, a lower bearing surface 16 is arranged on the prefabricated base slab 2 in parallel corresponding to a bearing surface 15 of the prefabricated track slab, the viaduct slab is the track line foundation 4, and the steel rail structure 14 is erected on the top surface of the track bed slab body 1. When the method is applied, the prefabricated base plate 2 is fixed on the track line foundation 4 by using the grouting material 8, the heightening base plate 3 with proper thickness is arranged on the lower bearing surface 16, then the track bed plate body 1 is placed on the heightening base plate 3, and the elastic cushion pad 36 is arranged between the track bed plate body 1 and the matched side surface of the prefabricated base plate 2, so that the final common track bed is formed.

Of course, the elastic vibration damping element instead of the heightening base plate or a part of the heightening base plate instead of the heightening base plate can be arranged between the bearing surface of the prefabricated track slab and the lower bearing surface of the prefabricated base slab to form the elastic vibration damping track bed.

Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated track slab has the following advantages: 1) the prefabricated track slab adopts a prefabricating technology, adopts qualified prefabricated plates which are standardized and produced in batches by professional slab manufacturers, has less operation limitation, high production efficiency and more guaranteed product quality, is more beneficial to controlling the production cost and prolonging the service life of a track bed system; 2) the prefabricated track slab is adopted, the space limitation of on-site pouring is avoided, the maintenance time is saved, the material transportation quantity and times are greatly reduced, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the labor intensity and the construction cost are reduced; 3) because the bearing surface arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated track slab is an inclined surface which gradually rises from inside to outside, on one hand, the bearing surface is beneficial to realizing the automatic alignment of the prefabricated track slab and the prefabricated base slab in the assembling process, the thickness of the prefabricated track slab can be increased to the maximum extent, the vibration participating quality is improved, and the vibration damping effect is beneficial to improving, on the other hand, the assembly and the disassembly of the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate arranged below the bearing surface are convenient, the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate can be extracted and assembled from the upper side only by lifting the track bed slab body to a smaller height, the corresponding space can be vacated by disassembling the fastener on the corresponding prefabricated track slab in the adjusting process, the steel rail does not need to be cut off, and the later maintenance difficulty is beneficial to reducing, therefore, when the problems of foundation settlement and the like occur and the height of the track needs to be compensated or adjusted, the fastener structure above the local prefabricated track slab can be disassembled, the prefabricated track slab is lifted, the compensation or adjustment of the height of the track is realized by replacing the elastic vibration reduction elements or the heightening base plates with different thicknesses, and similarly, the operation can be completed by utilizing the operating skylight time, so that the operation is very convenient; 4) the prefabricated track slab disclosed by the utility model adopts a prefabricating process, so that the cast-in-place is reduced, the influence on the health of constructors is small, the pollution to the environment is less, the prefabricated track slab has the advantages of low energy consumption, better environmental friendliness and the like, and the prefabricated track slab is more in line with the current energy-saving and environment-friendly track traffic green development concept.

In conclusion, the prefabricated track slab has high construction efficiency and better guaranteed engineering quality, the track bed structure using the prefabricated track slab is convenient to maintain and adjust in the later period, the compensation or adjustment of the track height is convenient to realize, the service life of a track bed system is prolonged, the economy, the environmental protection and the applicability are greatly improved, and the prefabricated track slab can be widely applied to track bed engineering of track traffic lines such as subways, ground light rails and the like.

Example two

As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the prefabricated track slab of the utility model comprises a track bed slab body 1, wherein the bottom parts of two longitudinal sides of the track bed slab body 1 are respectively provided with a bearing surface 15, the bearing surfaces 15 are inclined planes gradually rising from inside to outside, and an included angle between each inclined plane and a plane of a connection line of a rail top is 1 degree; in addition, a limiting structure is arranged on the ballast bed plate body 1, and the limiting structure is specifically a limiting hole 6; in addition, a locking connection device for connecting with an external structure during transportation is further arranged on the track bed plate body, and the locking connection device is specifically an anchoring piece 9 with a threaded hole in the example.

The following description will be made by taking the construction of a common track bed shown in fig. 5 and 6 in a tunnel as an example, wherein the tunnel wall is a track line foundation 4, a steel rail structure 14 is erected on the top surface of a track bed slab body 1, a prefabricated base slab 2 is adopted, a lower bearing surface 16 is arranged on the prefabricated base slab 2 in parallel corresponding to a bearing surface 15 of the prefabricated track slab, a limiting column 5 is arranged on the prefabricated base slab 2 corresponding to a limiting hole 6 arranged on the track bed slab body 1, and the main operation steps include: (1) placing the prefabricated base plate 2, placing the heightening base plate 3 on the lower bearing surface 16, then sleeving the elastic limiting layer 7 made of a rubber sleeve on the surface of the limiting column 5, placing the track bed plate body 1 on the heightening base plate 3, and embedding the limiting column 5 and the elastic limiting layer 7 in the limiting hole 6 to form a combined plate unit 32, wherein for convenient movement and transportation, a locking connecting plate 26 is matched, fixed and connected with the track bed plate body 1 and an anchoring part 9 with a threaded hole correspondingly arranged on the prefabricated base plate 2 by using a fastening part, and the combined plate unit 32 is locked and connected into a firm whole, as shown in fig. 4 in particular; (2) the preassembled combined board units 32 are sequentially transported to the designated positions of the track line foundation 4, and after the movement or transportation is finished, the locking connecting boards 26 can be detached at any time as required; (3) according to test data provided by a track accurate measurement system, the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is accurately adjusted, and then the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is temporarily locked by using the cushion block 19, so that the relative spatial position between the combined board unit 32 and the track line foundation 4 is kept unchanged; (4) dividing the composite board units of the construction section into a plurality of pouring construction units, wherein each pouring construction unit comprises 1-20 composite board units, then arranging plugging devices around the composite board units in the pouring construction units, and pouring grouting material 8 into gaps between the prefabricated base boards 2 and the track line foundations 4 in the composite board units from the tops of the gaps on the side surfaces between the prefabricated base boards 2 and the track line foundations 4 until the liquid level of the grouting material 8 reaches the design height; (5) and obtaining the final common ballast bed after the grouting material 8 reaches the designed strength.

Compared with the prior art, the prefabricated track slab has the following advantages: 1) the prefabricated track slab adopts a prefabricating technology, adopts qualified prefabricated plates which are standardized and produced in batches by professional slab manufacturers, has less operation limitation, high production efficiency and more guaranteed product quality, is more beneficial to controlling the production cost and prolonging the service life of a track bed system; 2) the prefabricated track slab is adopted, the space limitation of on-site pouring is avoided, the maintenance time is saved, the material transportation quantity and times are greatly reduced, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the labor intensity and the construction cost are reduced; 3) because the bearing surface arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated track slab is an inclined surface which gradually rises from inside to outside, on one hand, the automatic alignment of the prefabricated track slab and the prefabricated base slab in the assembling process is facilitated, the thickness of the prefabricated track slab can be increased to the maximum extent, the vibration participating quality is improved, and the vibration damping effect is facilitated to be improved, on the other hand, the assembly and the disassembly of the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate arranged below the bearing surface are facilitated, the elastic vibration damping element or the heightening base plate can be extracted and assembled from the upper side only by lifting the track bed slab body to a smaller height, the corresponding space can be vacated by disassembling the fastener on the corresponding prefabricated track slab in the adjusting process, the steel rail does not need to be cut off generally, and the later maintenance difficulty is facilitated to be reduced, therefore, when the problems of foundation settlement and the like occur and the like need to compensate or adjust the height of the track, the fastener structure above the local prefabricated track slab can be disassembled, the prefabricated track slab is lifted, the compensation or adjustment of the height of the track is realized by replacing the elastic vibration reduction elements or the heightening base plates with different thicknesses, and similarly, the operation can be completed by utilizing the operating skylight time, so that the operation is very convenient; 4) the prefabricated track slab disclosed by the utility model adopts a prefabricating process, so that the cast-in-place is reduced, the influence on the health of constructors is small, the pollution to the environment is less, the prefabricated track slab has the advantages of low energy consumption, better environmental friendliness and the like, and the prefabricated track slab is more in line with the current energy-saving and environment-friendly track traffic green development concept.

It should be noted that, based on the technical principle of this example, the limiting device provided on the prefabricated track slab of the present invention may be a limiting hole, or a limiting post, and correspondingly, a limiting hole is provided on the prefabricated base slab, and when assembling, the limiting post is embedded in the limiting hole, and an elastic limiting layer is provided between the limiting post and the limiting hole, so that a good technical effect can be achieved; in addition, the present embodiment is described by taking an example that an included angle between the inclined plane where the bearing surface is located and the rail top connecting line plane is 1 degree, in practical application, the included angle between the inclined plane and the rail top connecting line plane can be optimally designed within a range of 1 degree to 10 degrees according to different practical engineering conditions such as the size, the placing position, the tunnel size and the like of the track bed plate body, only the description is given by characters, the description of the drawings is omitted, and the technical schemes are all simple changes based on the technical principle of the utility model and are also within the protection range required by the utility model.

In conclusion, the prefabricated track slab has high construction efficiency and better guaranteed engineering quality, the track bed structure using the prefabricated track slab is convenient to maintain and adjust in the later period, the compensation or adjustment of the track height is convenient to realize, the service life of a track bed system is prolonged, the economy, the environmental protection and the applicability are greatly improved, and the prefabricated track slab can be widely applied to track bed engineering of track traffic lines such as subways, ground light rails and the like.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the prefabricated track slab of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that a limiting shoulder 17 is disposed around the bearing surface 15 of the track bed slab body 1; in addition, the locking connection device is a through hole 10 arranged on the prefabricated track slab; in addition, the track bed plate body 1 is provided with an observation through hole 11, and the bottom of the observation through hole 11 is also provided with a jacking abdicating groove 12; fourthly, the included angle between the inclined plane of the bearing surface 15 and the plane of the line connecting the rail tops is 10 degrees.

The concrete application method of the prefabricated track slab of the present invention shown in fig. 7 and 8 will be described below by taking as an example the construction of an elastic cushion vibration-damping track bed shown in fig. 7 and 8 in a tunnel, wherein the tunnel wall is a track line foundation 4, and a steel rail structure 14 is erected on the top surface of a track bed slab 1. the prefabricated base slab 2 adopted in this example is different from the second embodiment in that an anchoring member 9 with a threaded hole is arranged on the prefabricated base slab 2 corresponding to a through hole 10 arranged on the track bed slab 1, a pouring through hole 13 is arranged on the prefabricated base slab 2 corresponding to an observation through hole 11 arranged on the track bed slab 1, and a limit stop shoulder 17 is also arranged around a lower bearing surface 16 of the prefabricated base slab 2. The main operation steps during construction comprise: (1) placing the prefabricated base plate 2, placing the elastic pad 18 on the lower bearing surface 16, then placing the track bed plate body 1 on the elastic pad 18, embedding the elastic pad 18 in a groove surrounded by the limiting retaining shoulder 17, embedding the limiting column 5 in the limiting hole 6, arranging a sealing ring 28 at a gap between the track bed plate body 1 and the prefabricated base plate 2 corresponding to the elastic limiting layer 7 in a surrounding manner, wherein the sealing ring 28 is made of a paper material, pouring a pouring polyurethane material is poured between the limiting column 5 and the limiting hole 6, and the pouring polyurethane material is solidified to form a pouring polyurethane material elastomer to form the elastic limiting layer 7, so that an independent combined plate unit 32 is obtained through assembly and combination, wherein the concrete structure is shown in fig. 10; (2) as shown in fig. 10, the hoisting threaded rod 27 penetrates through the through hole 10 to be matched with the anchoring member 9 with the threaded hole, the combined plate units 32 are locked and fixed, then the combined plate units 32 are sequentially transported to the specified position of the track line foundation 4 by using the hoisting equipment, and after the moving or transporting is finished, the hoisting threaded rod 27 can be detached at any time as required; (3) according to the test data provided by the track accurate measurement system, the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is accurately adjusted, and then the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is locked, so that the relative spatial position between the combined board unit 32 and the track line foundation 4 is kept unchanged; (4) dividing the composite board units of the construction section into a plurality of pouring construction units, wherein each pouring construction unit comprises 1-20 composite board units, then arranging plugging devices around the composite board units in the pouring construction units, and pouring grouting material 8 into gaps between the prefabricated base plates 2 and the track line foundations 4 in the composite board units from the pouring through holes 13 until the liquid level of the grouting material 8 reaches the design height; (5) and obtaining the final elastic cushion vibration reduction ballast bed after the grouting material 8 reaches the design strength.

Compared with the embodiment, the technical scheme of the embodiment has the following additional advantages: 1) the observation through holes are formed in the prefabricated track slab, the pouring through holes are formed in the prefabricated base slab, pouring of grouting materials is facilitated, and gaps between the prefabricated base slab 2 and the track line foundation 4 can be guaranteed to be filled with the grouting materials by optimizing the number and the positions of the pouring through holes; 2) as shown in fig. 9, the bottom of the observation through hole 11 is further provided with a jacking abdicating groove 12, when the height of the track needs to be compensated or adjusted due to problems such as foundation settlement and the like, the prefabricated track slab can be lifted by using a jack at the jacking abdicating groove at the bottom of the observation through hole, the compensation or adjustment of the height of the track can be realized by replacing elastic pads with different thicknesses or additionally arranging a heightening base plate, the operation can be completed by using the operating skylight time, and the operation is more convenient and faster; 3) in the technical scheme of the embodiment, the elastic limiting layer is made of the cast polyurethane material elastomer obtained by cast-in-place, and the cast-in-place process is adopted, so that the matching error between the limiting column and the limiting hole can be better adapted, the assembling and combining difficulty of the combined plate unit is greatly reduced, the construction speed is further improved, and the construction efficiency is improved; 4) the observation through holes are arranged on the prefabricated track plate, so that the observation through holes can be matched with the pouring through holes to cast and fill the curing material on site, and in the using process, sundries or sewage between the prefabricated track plate and the prefabricated base plate can be inspected or cleaned through the observation holes, so that the convenience is realized; 5) the limit stop shoulders are arranged on the periphery of the bearing surface, and the elastic pad is arranged in the groove surrounded by the limit stop shoulders, so that the elastic pad can be effectively prevented from shifting in the using process, and the stability of the system is favorably ensured.

It should be noted that, based on the technical principle of the present example, the number of the observation through holes can be optimized and designed according to the size of the ballast bed plate body, and can be three, four or even more, and in practice, the observation through holes are designed and selected according to the engineering requirements; furthermore, the sealing ring 33 can be made of paper, elastic rubber, elastic polyurethane, felt cloth and other materials, and can be used in the utility model as long as the normal elastic deformation of the elastic limiting layer in the application process is not affected, and can be selected according to the needs in practice; in addition, the locking connection device arranged on the track bed plate body 1 can be various, except for the anchoring piece with the threaded hole and the through hole which are already mentioned in the second embodiment and the third embodiment, other structures such as a flange can be adopted, and the prefabricated base plate can be matched with the structures such as the flange which are correspondingly arranged on the prefabricated base plate; in addition, in this embodiment, the limit stop shoulders 17 are provided around the bearing surface 15 for illustration, in practical applications, according to different arrangement modes of the elastic pad, the limit stop shoulders may be provided only on two sides of the bearing surface along the longitudinal direction, for example, when the elastic pad is arranged between the prefabricated track slab and the prefabricated base slab along a longitudinally continuous strip, the longitudinally continuous bearing surface may be provided, and a structural mode that the limit stop shoulders are provided only on two sides of the bearing surface along the longitudinal direction may be adopted to achieve a good technical effect.

Example four

As shown in fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14, the prefabricated track slab of the present invention is different from the solutions shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9 in that three bearing surfaces 15 are respectively disposed on each side of the track bed slab body 1 along the longitudinal bottom; in addition, the vertical section profiles of the limiting holes 6 are all trapezoidal; in addition, the track bed plate body 1 is provided with a jacking through hole 34; fourthly, a limiting hole end cover 22 is arranged at the top of a limiting hole 6 arranged on the track bed plate body 1, an observation hole end cover 24 is arranged at the top of the observation through hole 11, and a jacking through hole end cover 21 is arranged at the top of the jacking through hole 34; fifthly, the included angle between the inclined plane of the bearing surface 15 and the plane of the line connecting the rail tops is 7 degrees.

In application, as shown in fig. 11, 12, 13 and 14, the elastic pad vibration damping track bed of the prefabricated track slab of the present invention is applied, wherein the vertical cross-sectional profile of the limiting column 5 provided on the prefabricated base plate 2 and the limiting hole 6 are trapezoidal; the prefabricated base plate 2 is also provided with a grout outlet 30, and the grout outlet 30 is correspondingly arranged below the observation through hole 11 in the middle of the prefabricated track plate; the prefabricated base plate 2 is provided with an anchoring piece 25 with a pouring support threaded hole, and the track bed plate body 1 is correspondingly provided with a jacking through hole 34; a rail structure 14 is mounted on the top surface of the track bed slab 1. The construction method of the elastic cushion vibration-damping track bed can be operated according to the following steps: (1) placing a prefabricated base plate 2, placing an elastic pad 18 and a heightening cushion plate 3 on a lower bearing surface 16 of the prefabricated base plate 2, placing a ballast bed plate body 1 on the heightening cushion plate and the elastic pad to enable a limiting column 5 to be embedded in a limiting hole 6, pouring a pouring polyurethane material between the limiting column 5 and the limiting hole 6, and forming a pouring polyurethane material elastomer after the pouring polyurethane material is solidified, namely forming an elastic limiting layer 7, so as to form an independent combined plate unit 32; (2) as shown in fig. 13, the height-adjustable support screw 28 is matched with the anchoring piece 25 with the pouring support threaded hole to lock and fix the combined plate unit 32, and then the combined plate unit 32 is sequentially transported to the designated position of the track line foundation 4 by using the hoisting equipment; (3) according to the test data provided by the track accurate measurement system, the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is accurately adjusted by using the heightening support screw 28 and the spatial position of the combined board unit 32 is locked, so that the relative spatial position between the combined board unit 32 and the track line foundation 4 is kept unchanged; (4) dividing the composite board units of the construction section into a plurality of pouring construction units, wherein each pouring construction unit comprises 1-20 composite board units, then arranging plugging devices around the composite board units in the pouring construction units, and pouring grouting material 8 into gaps between the prefabricated base plates 2 and the track line foundations 4 in the composite board units from the pouring through holes until the liquid level of the grouting material 8 reaches the design height; (5) and after the grouting material 8 reaches the design strength, cutting off the part of the heightening support screw 28 higher than the top surface of the track bed plate body 1, and covering the limiting hole end cover 22, the observation hole end cover 24 and the jacking through hole end cover 21 to obtain the elastic cushion vibration reduction track bed.

Compared with the embodiment, the technical scheme of the embodiment has the advantages that: 1) the top of a limiting hole arranged on the prefabricated track plate is provided with a limiting hole end cover, the top of the observation through hole is provided with an observation hole end cover, and the top of the jacking through hole is provided with a jacking through hole end cover; 2) the track bed plate body 1 is provided with the jacking through holes 34, the prefabricated base plate 2 is correspondingly provided with the anchoring pieces 25 with the pouring support threaded holes, the heightening support screw rods 28 are arranged in the pouring support threaded holes, and the spatial positions of the combined plate units 32 can be accurately adjusted and locked by utilizing the cooperation of the heightening support screw rods 28 and the anchoring pieces 25 with the pouring support threaded holes, so that the relative spatial positions between the combined plate units 32 and the track line foundations 4 are kept unchanged, the operation is simple, accurate, rapid and efficient, meanwhile, the anchoring pieces 25 with the pouring support threaded holes and the jacking through holes 34 can be used as locking connecting devices, two functions of position adjustment and locking connection of the combined plate units are integrated, and the structure is simpler and more compact; 3) the vertical cross section profiles of the limiting holes and the limiting columns are trapezoidal, so that on one hand, the prefabricated track plate and the prefabricated base plate are assembled mutually more smoothly, the automatic centering effect is better, and on the other hand, the die drawing is easier when the prefabricated track plate is processed; 4) after the grout cap is additionally arranged on the prefabricated base plate and the observation through hole is correspondingly arranged on the prefabricated track slab, in the construction process, when grouting material 8 is poured into the gap between the prefabricated base plate 2 and the track line foundation 4 in the combined plate unit from the pouring through hole 13, as shown in fig. 14, the pouring condition of the grouting material 8 can be effectively observed through the grout cap 30, when the grout cap 30 is filled with the grouting material 8, the liquid level of the grouting material 8 can be considered to reach the design height, and meanwhile, the grout cap can be used for conveniently discharging air, so that the grouting material 8 can be ensured to smoothly fill the gap between the prefabricated base plate 2 and the track line foundation 4; 5) the heightening support screw 28 is not detached any more, the part of the heightening support screw 28 higher than the top surface of the track bed plate body 1 is cut off, and the heightening support screw remained in the prefabricated track plate can prevent foreign matters from falling into the prefabricated base plate on the one hand, and can be matched with an elastic limiting device to further improve the horizontal limiting capacity of the prefabricated track plate on the other hand.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, three bearing surfaces 15 are respectively disposed on each side of the track bed plate body 1 along the longitudinal bottom, and correspondingly, three sets of damping pads and height-adjusting tie plates are disposed between the bearing surface of the track slab on each side and the lower bearing surface of the prefabricated base slab. The greatest advantage of the arrangement mode of the bearing surface and the damping pads is that as shown in fig. 11, if the pad stiffness of the elastic pads positioned at the two longitudinal end parts of the track bed plate body 1 is greater than that of the elastic pads positioned at the middle part of the track bed plate body, the bearing capacity of the end parts of the track bed plate body 1 can be effectively improved, the seesaw effect caused by the change of load in the running process of a vehicle can be reduced, and the system is more stable, safer and more reliable; in addition, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the jacking through hole 34 actually also functions as the through hole 10 of the locking connection device in the second embodiment, the integration of such functions makes the structure of the present invention more compact, and because the number of the holes on the track bed plate is reduced, the strength of the track bed plate is improved, based on the same principle, in practical application, according to the size of the track bed plate and the number and the arrangement positions of the functional structures, the jacking through hole and the observation contact through hole can also be integrated together, that is, the jacking through hole and the observation through hole are the same structure, and similar technical effects can also be achieved.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 17, the prefabricated track slab of the present invention is different from the technical solution shown in fig. 11 in that the limiting structures provided on the track bed plate body 1 are specifically limiting grooves 35 provided at four corners of the track bed plate body; secondly, the bearing surface 15 is provided with a limiting shoulder 17 along the longitudinal two sides, and the limiting shoulder positioned at the outer side is provided with a abdicating notch 37.

In application, as shown in fig. 18, the elastic cushion damping track bed is different from the technical solution shown in fig. 11 in that the limiting columns 5 are correspondingly arranged at four corners of the prefabricated base plate, and when the prefabricated base plate and the prefabricated track plate are assembled into a combined plate unit, the limiting columns 5 are embedded in the limiting grooves 35; after the combined plate unit is hoisted to the designated position of the track line foundation 4, the elastic polyurethane material is cast in situ in the gap between the limiting column 5 and the limiting groove 35 to form the elastic limiting layer 7, then grouting material is poured into the gap between the prefabricated base plate in the combined plate unit and the track line foundation from the pouring through hole 13, and other operation methods are basically the same and are not repeated.

Of course, based on the technical principle of this example, the stopper grooves may be provided not only at the four corners of the track bed plate but also at both sides of the track bed plate 1 in the longitudinal direction as shown in fig. 19, and the same technical effects can be achieved, and the present invention is also within the scope of the claimed invention.

Compared with the fourth embodiment, the limiting grooves are arranged at the corners of the track bed plate body, so that the influence on the strength of the plate body is small, and in addition, the stress of the track bed plate body is more uniform and dispersed, and the service life of a product is prolonged; in addition, because the limiting blocking shoulders 17 on the outer side of the bearing surface 15 are provided with the abdicating notch 37, the elastic cushion and the heightening cushion plate can be moved along the channel formed by the limiting blocking shoulders on the two sides of the bearing surface only by slightly lifting the track bed plate body 1, then the track bed plate body is taken out from the abdicating notch 37, when the track bed plate is assembled, the elastic cushion and the heightening cushion plate can be put in from the abdicating notch 37, and then the elastic cushion and the heightening cushion plate can be moved to the bearing surface at the specified position along the channel formed by the limiting blocking shoulders on the two sides of the bearing surface. Especially if the prefabricated base plate and the ballast bed plate body are correspondingly provided with the abdicating notch on the limiting blocking shoulder, the minimum height required by assembling and taking the elastic cushion and the heightening cushion plate is further reduced, and the realization is easier.

In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the prefabricated track slab has the most prominent advantages that: on one hand, the prefabricated concrete is prepared by adopting a large amount of prefabrication technology, is easy for standardized production, and has good product quality, small cast-in-place amount, high construction speed, low energy consumption and small pollution; secondly, the dependence on the operation skills of field constructors is greatly reduced, and the engineering quality is easier to guarantee; thirdly, the difficult problems that once the height of the track changes due to foundation settlement and other reasons in the prior art of the fixed track bed and the elastic cushion vibration reduction track bed, the track is not easy to compensate quickly and adjust accurately are solved, and the further market popularization and application of the technology are facilitated.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention are only for better illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and technical features in many embodiments can also be used in a cross way, and based on the technical principles of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can recombine the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or simply replace some elements in the technical solutions, so long as based on the technical principles of the present invention, the technical solutions are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A prefabricated track slab comprises a track bed slab body and is characterized in that bearing surfaces are respectively arranged at the bottoms of two longitudinal sides of the track bed slab body, and the bearing surfaces are inclined planes which gradually rise from inside to outside; the track bed plate body is also provided with a limiting structure; the limiting structure is a limiting column or a limiting hole, and the vertical section profile of the limiting hole or the limiting column is trapezoidal.

2. The prefabricated track slab of claim 1, wherein the inclined plane forms an angle of 1 ° to 10 ° with respect to a plane of a line connecting the rail head.

3. The prefabricated track slab of claim 1, wherein the limiting structure is a limiting groove.

4. The prefabricated rail slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ballast bed plate body is provided with a locking coupling means for coupling with an external structure when being carried.

5. The prefabricated rail plate of claim 4, wherein the locking connection means comprises a flange, a through hole or an anchor having a threaded hole.

6. The prefabricated track slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circumference of the bearing surface or both sides of the bearing surface in the longitudinal direction is provided with a limit stop shoulder.

7. The prefabricated track slab as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bearing surface is provided with a relief notch on the limiting shoulder positioned at the outer side among the limiting shoulders positioned at both sides in the longitudinal direction.

8. The prefabricated track slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the track bed plate body is provided with a jacking through-hole.

9. The prefabricated track slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the track bed plate body is provided with a viewing through-hole.

10. The prefabricated track slab of claim 9, wherein the bottom of the observation through hole is further provided with a jacking abdicating groove.

11. The prefabricated track slab of claim 9, wherein an end cap is provided on the top of the viewing through-hole.

Images