CN216399222U - Grinding wheel knife handle structure, grinding electric spindle and grinding machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grinding wheel knife handle structure, a grinding electric spindle and a grinding machine tool, which comprise: the cutter handle is provided with a central water hole; the grinding wheel is sleeved on the tool handle through the tool handle mounting hole, and at least one of the end surface and the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is provided with a grinding material layer; the gland is connected with the cutter handle and locks the grinding wheel on the inner side of the cutter handle; and at least one of the grinding wheel and the gland is provided with a water outlet channel communicated with the central water hole, and the water outlet channel is used for guiding the cooling medium of the central water hole to the grinding material layer. The structure can not only realize cooling of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, improve the service performance of the grinding wheel, but also realize more rapid and convenient installation and replacement.

Description

Grinding wheel knife handle structure, grinding electric spindle and grinding machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a grinding wheel knife handle structure, a grinding electric spindle and a grinding machine tool.

Background

With the rapid development of science and technology, in the current manufacturing industry, the application range of a grinding machine is wider and wider, and the requirements of users on the machining precision and the surface roughness of product parts are higher and higher, so that the performance of a grinding wheel can meet the requirements of customers only by continuously improving the performance of the grinding wheel as a tool for grinding.

In the traditional grinding process, the grinding wheel is cooled mainly by external cooling, and heat, a large amount of powder dust and the like generated in the grinding wheel processing process are difficult to carry away, so that the service performance and the service life of the grinding wheel are reduced.

In addition, the traditional grinding wheel has small cutting area and more knife lines, thereby causing the quality of the processed product to be influenced.

Furthermore, the traditional grinding wheel is generally directly connected with the spindle through a fastener, the connection mode generally adopts a manual tool changing mode, the grinding wheel changing operation is complex, and automatic tool changing cannot be realized.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a grinding wheel cutter handle structure, a grinding electric spindle and a grinding machine tool.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:

in a first aspect, a grinding wheel shank structure comprises:

the cutter handle is provided with a central water hole;

the grinding wheel is sleeved on the tool handle through the tool handle mounting hole, and at least one of the end surface and the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is provided with a grinding material layer;

the gland is connected with the cutter handle and locks the grinding wheel on the inner side of the cutter handle;

and at least one of the grinding wheel and the gland is provided with a water outlet channel communicated with the central water hole, and the water outlet channel is used for guiding the cooling medium of the central water hole to the grinding material layer.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the grinding wheel is bowl-shaped, the pressing cover is disposed in a bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel, and the circular end face of the grinding wheel is provided with the abrasive layer.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel has a hollowed cavity wall, the grinding material layer is of a multi-section discontinuous boss structure, the boss structure extends along the circumferential direction of the circular end face of the grinding wheel, and the grinding material layer is formed in an electroplating sand-plating manner.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the water outlet channel is arranged in a cavity wall of the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel, the tool shank is provided with a transition water hole communicated with the water outlet channel and the central water hole, and a first water outlet nozzle facing the grinding material layer is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet channel.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the pressing cover is connected to the tool holder through a bolt, and the bolt is installed at the end of the central water hole and blocks the central water hole.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, an annular groove is formed between the water outlet channel and the transition water hole on at least one of an inner wall surface of the tool holder mounting hole and an outer wall surface of the tool holder.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the tool holder mounting hole of the grinding wheel is a tapered hole, and the tool holder is provided with an outer tapered surface matched with the tapered hole.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the gland is in threaded connection with the tool holder, the gland is provided with an axial hole in butt joint with the central water hole, the end of the axial hole is sealed, the water outlet channel includes a radial hole arranged in the gland, one end of the radial hole is connected with the axial hole, and the other end of the radial hole forms a second water outlet nozzle facing the abrasive material layer.

In a second aspect, the grinding electric spindle comprises the grinding wheel cutter handle structure in any one implementation manner of the first aspect, a shaft core of the grinding electric spindle is provided with a shaft core water hole, the cutter handle is connected with the shaft core of the grinding electric spindle, and the central water hole is in butt joint with the shaft core water hole.

In a third aspect, a grinding machine tool comprises the grinding electric spindle according to any one of the implementation manners of the second aspect.

One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:

the grinding wheel is installed and fixed on the knife handle through a gland. The tool holder can be installed on the spindle core, automatic tool changing can be carried out on the tool holder through the tool changing mechanism of the spindle, and the tool holder is fast and convenient to install and replace.

In the grinding process, a cooling medium passes through the cutter handle and the grinding wheel after passing through the main shaft, then reaches the grinding wheel cutter handle structure, is finally sprayed out through the water outlet channel, can cool a grinding surface of the grinding wheel contacted with a workpiece, and can blow dust generated by grinding out of a machined surface of the workpiece, so that the effects of cooling the grinding surface of the grinding wheel and removing abrasive particles generated by grinding are achieved, the use performance of the grinding wheel and the machining precision of the workpiece are improved, and the machining efficiency and the surface quality of a product can be effectively improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a grinding wheel shank structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the grinding wheel shank structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the gland structure of one embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the grinding wheel construction of one embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at A;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the grinding electric spindle of the utility model.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

In the utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is one or more, the meaning of "a plurality" is more than two, and the terms of "more than", "less than", "more than" and the like are understood to exclude the number; the terms "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the instant numbers. In the description of the present invention, if there is description of "first" and "second" only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it is not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the precedence of the indicated technical features.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected and can also be integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be capable of communicating with each other; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above-mentioned words in the present invention can be reasonably determined by those skilled in the art in combination with the detailed contents of the technical solutions.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the utility model provides a grinding wheel cutter handle structure, which comprises a cutter handle 1, a grinding wheel 2 and a gland 3, wherein the cutter handle 1 is used for connecting the whole grinding wheel cutter handle structure with a shaft core of a spindle, and the cutter handle 1 is provided with a central water hole 11 for guiding a cooling medium of the shaft core of the spindle to the grinding wheel 2.

With reference to fig. 4, a tool shank mounting hole 21 is formed in the middle of the grinding wheel 2, the grinding wheel 2 is sleeved on the tool shank 1 through the tool shank mounting hole 21, the gland 3 is directly or indirectly connected with the tool shank 1, the grinding wheel 2 on the inner side is locked on the tool shank 1, the tool shank 1 is fixedly connected with the grinding wheel 2, and the grinding wheel 2 is fixedly mounted on the tool shank 1 through the gland 3. The tool holder 1 can be installed on a spindle shaft core, the tool holder 1 can automatically change tools through a tool changing mechanism of a spindle, and installation and replacement are rapid and convenient.

At least one of the end face and the peripheral face of the grinding wheel 2 is provided with an abrasive layer 22. Wherein, the end face of the grinding wheel 2 refers to the axial end face of the grinding wheel 2, and the grinding wheel 2 takes the end face as a grinding face and realizes feeding along the axial direction along with the main shaft. The peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 2 refers to the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 2, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 2 serves as a grinding surface and is fed along the radial direction of the main shaft.

Wherein, at least one of the grinding wheel 2 and the gland 3 is provided with a water outlet channel communicated with the central water hole 11, and the water outlet channel is used for guiding the cooling medium of the central water hole 11 to the grinding material layer 22. With reference to fig. 6, in the grinding process, after passing through the main shaft, a cooling medium penetrates through the cutter handle 1 and the grinding wheel 2 and then reaches the structure of the grinding wheel cutter handle, and finally is sprayed out through the water outlet channel, so that the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 contacting with a workpiece can be cooled, meanwhile, dust generated by grinding can be blown out of the workpiece to be processed, the effects of cooling the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 and removing abrasive particles generated by grinding are achieved, the use performance of the grinding wheel 2 and the processing precision of the workpiece are improved, and the processing efficiency and the surface quality of a product can be effectively improved.

The grinding wheel 2 may be in the form of a disc, for example, in some embodiments, see fig. 1 and 2, the grinding wheel 2 is in the form of a bowl, the end of the grinding wheel 2 remote from the shank 1 forms an annular end surface, and the annular end surface of the grinding wheel 2 is provided with an abrasive layer 22. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel 2 has an end face as a grinding face and is fed in the axial direction along with the spindle. Meanwhile, in order to avoid interference of the gland 3 with the axial grinding, the gland 3 is provided in the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel 2.

Further, the glass grinding wheel 2 on the market at present has a small grinding area, a large number of knife lines and poor machining precision and surface quality, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the bowl-shaped concave cavity of the glass grinding wheel 2 is provided with a hollowed cavity wall, and a large amount of dust generated in the grinding process can be discharged through the hollowed part. The abrasive layer 22 is in the form of a plurality of discrete raised panels, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the abrasive layer 22 is in the form of a raised panel divided into five equal parts uniformly distributed on the disc, and grinding dust can also be discharged through the spaces between adjacent abrasive layers 22. The boss structure extends along the circumferential direction of the circular end face of the grinding wheel 2, and compared with the traditional structure, the grinding area of the structure is large, the grinding knife lines on the surface of a workpiece are reduced, and the processing quality of the workpiece is guaranteed. The abrasive layer 22 is formed by electroplating. During the grinding process, powder dust can fly out through the hollow part and the interval part between the abrasive layer 22. The abrasive layer 22 is sand-plated in an electroplating mode, so that the cost is reduced and the environment is protected.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, a water outlet channel 23 is arranged in the wall of the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel 2, the water outlet channel 23 extends along the wall of the bowl-shaped cavity, the tool shank 1 is provided with a transition water hole 12 communicating the water outlet channel 23 with the central water hole 11, and the end of the water outlet channel 23 is provided with a first water outlet nozzle 24 facing the abrasive layer 22. In this embodiment, the water outlet channel is arranged inside the grinding wheel 2, and with reference to fig. 6, the cooling medium enters from the inlet of the rotary joint on the main shaft, and after passing through the main shaft and cooling the main shaft, reaches the tool shank 1, flows into the water outlet channel 23 in the grinding wheel 2 from the central water hole 11 and the transition water hole 12 on the tool shank 1, and is finally sprayed out from the first water outlet nozzle 24 on the grinding wheel 2, so as to achieve the effects of cooling the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 and removing the abrasive particles generated by grinding. In the embodiment, the distance between the first water outlet nozzle 24 and the grinding wheel 2 is short, the cooling medium is concentrated after being sprayed out, and the lubricating effect is good.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the pressing cover 3 is connected with the tool holder 1 through a bolt 4, and the bolt 4 is installed at the end of the central water hole 11 and blocks the central water hole 11. In other words, the bolt 4 not only plays a role in fixing, but also plugs the tail of the tool holder 1 to prevent the cooling medium from flowing out of the tail of the tool holder 1.

Further, referring to fig. 1, an annular groove is formed between the water outlet channel 23 and the transition water hole 12 on at least one of the inner wall surface of the tool holder mounting hole 21 and the outer wall surface of the tool holder 1, and through the annular groove, it can be ensured that the cooling medium can smoothly pass through the grinding wheel 2 and the tool holder 1 when the grinding wheel and the tool holder 1 are mounted at any angle.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tool holder mounting hole 21 of the grinding wheel 2 is a tapered hole, the tapered hole of the grinding wheel 2 can be changed according to different standard tool holders 1, the tool holder 1 is provided with an outer tapered surface matched with the tapered hole, the grinding wheel 2 is tightly connected with the tool holder 1 through the tapered hole, and the grinding wheel 2 is mounted and fixed on the tool holder 1 through the gland 3, so that high rotation precision is achieved. For example, in an electric spindle adopting a broach assembly, a spindle shaft core is installed on the tool holder 1, when the electric spindle unloads a tool, the shaft core can be kept fixed by the pre-tightening spring assembly in the electric spindle, the pull rod moves downwards to eject the tool holder 1, the displacement amount when the tool is unloaded can be accurately controlled, the effects of accurate control and automatic tool changing are achieved, and the quick replacement of a grinding wheel assembly can be realized. In other words, the grinding wheel 2 with the tool holder 1 is adopted, the accurate tool unloading control structure of the electric spindle shaft core can realize the quick replacement of the grinding wheel assembly, the tool changer is convenient and quick, and the automatic tool changing function is realized.

In some embodiments, the water outlet channel may also be disposed on the gland 3, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the gland 3 is in threaded connection with the tool shank 1, and locks the grinding wheel 2 on the tool shank 1. Gland 3 is equipped with the axial hole 31 that leads to with central water hole 11 butt joint, and the end of axial hole 31 is sealed, and water outlet channel is including setting up in gland 3's radial hole 32, and the one end and the axial hole 31 of radial hole 32 are connected, and the other end forms the second spout 33 that goes out towards abrasive layer 22. With reference to fig. 6, the cooling medium enters from the inlet of the rotary joint on the main shaft, passes through the tool shank 1 and the grinding wheel 2 after passing through the main shaft, then reaches the gland 3, and finally is sprayed out through a plurality of second water outlet nozzles 33 uniformly distributed on the surface of the gland 3, so that the effects of cooling the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 and removing abrasive particles generated by grinding are achieved. The axial hole 31 in the middle of the gland 3 can be a blind hole or a through hole, and the lower end of the axial hole is plugged by a plug 4 to prevent the cooling medium from directly flowing out. In this embodiment, gland 3 has two functions of fixing emery wheel 2 and guiding coolant, and this kind of structure processing is convenient simple, and is with low costs, has avoided processing cutter arbor 1 and emery wheel 2 once more, and it is swift convenient to change moreover.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, the service performance and the processing efficiency of the grinding wheel 2 are obviously improved, and the tool changing is quicker and more convenient. The innovation of the central water outlet structure reduces abrasive particles generated during machining between the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 and the workpiece, and achieves cooling between the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 2 and the workpiece. The introduction of the automatic tool changing structure greatly improves the production efficiency of grinding of the grinding wheel 2. The innovation and optimization of the structure of the grinding wheel 2 obviously improve the processing precision of the processed workpiece, reduce the knife lines on the surface of the workpiece and obviously improve the surface quality.

Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a grinding electric spindle, including the grinding wheel cutter handle structure in any of the above embodiments, a shaft core of the grinding electric spindle is provided with a shaft core water hole, the cutter handle 1 is connected with the shaft core of the grinding electric spindle, and the central water hole 11 is in butt joint conduction with the shaft core water hole.

Embodiments of the utility model also provide a grinding machine tool comprising a grinding electric spindle in any one of the above embodiments.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "example," "an embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A grinding wheel knife handle structure is characterized by comprising:

the cutter handle is provided with a central water hole;

the grinding wheel is sleeved on the tool handle through the tool handle mounting hole, and at least one of the end surface and the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel is provided with a grinding material layer;

the gland is connected with the cutter handle and locks the grinding wheel on the inner side of the cutter handle;

and at least one of the grinding wheel and the gland is provided with a water outlet channel communicated with the central water hole, and the water outlet channel is used for guiding the cooling medium of the central water hole to the grinding material layer.

2. The grinding wheel shank structure according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is bowl-shaped, the gland is arranged in a bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel, and the grinding material layer is arranged on the circular end face of the grinding wheel.

3. The grinding wheel shank structure according to claim 2, wherein the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel has a hollowed cavity wall, the abrasive layer is in a multi-section discontinuous boss structure, the boss structure extends along the circumferential direction of the circular end face of the grinding wheel, and the abrasive layer is formed by electroplating and sand plating.

4. The grinding wheel shank structure according to claim 2, wherein the water outlet channel is formed in the wall of the bowl-shaped cavity of the grinding wheel, the shank is provided with a transitional water hole communicating the water outlet channel and the central water hole, and the end of the water outlet channel is provided with a first water outlet nozzle facing the grinding material layer.

5. The grinding wheel shank structure according to claim 4, wherein the gland is connected to the shank by a bolt, and the bolt is mounted to a distal end of the central water hole and blocks the central water hole.

6. The grinding wheel holder structure according to claim 5, wherein an annular groove is provided between the water outlet passage and the transition water hole on at least one of an inner wall surface of the holder mounting hole and an outer wall surface of the holder.

7. The grinding wheel shank structure according to claim 1, wherein the shank mounting hole of the grinding wheel is a tapered hole, and the shank is provided with an outer tapered surface that fits in the tapered hole.

8. The grinding wheel knife handle structure according to claim 1, wherein the gland is in threaded connection with the knife handle, the gland is provided with an axial hole in butt connection with the central water hole, the end of the axial hole is closed, the water outlet channel comprises a radial hole arranged on the gland, one end of the radial hole is connected with the axial hole, and the other end of the radial hole forms a second water outlet nozzle facing the grinding material layer.

9. A grinding electric spindle is characterized by comprising the grinding wheel knife handle structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a shaft core water hole is formed in a shaft core of the grinding electric spindle, the knife handle is connected with the shaft core of the grinding electric spindle, and the center water hole is in butt joint conduction with the shaft core water hole.

10. A grinding machine comprising the grinding motorized spindle of claim 9.

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