CN216389736U - Direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment - Google Patents
Direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN216389736U CN216389736U CN202122070427.7U CN202122070427U CN216389736U CN 216389736 U CN216389736 U CN 216389736U CN 202122070427 U CN202122070427 U CN 202122070427U CN 216389736 U CN216389736 U CN 216389736U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment. The direction backtracking microstrip antenna array comprises: the antenna unit is a plurality of antenna units which are arranged at intervals and arranged in a straight line shape to form an array, the outer contour of each antenna unit is of a star-shaped structure, the end part of each antenna unit is connected with one end of each impedance changer, and the feed network is connected with the other end of each impedance changer and connects the antenna units in parallel. The communication device comprises the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array. According to the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and the communication equipment, the array is formed by the plurality of antenna units, the outer contour of each antenna unit is constructed into a star-shaped structure, the antenna array is good in isolation effect, strong in omnidirectional rotation and orientation capability and good in overall performance, the impedance of the antenna units is converted by the impedance changers, and the antenna units are combined in parallel by the feed network to form the antenna array.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment.
Background
The antenna is an important part of a wireless communication system, the energy supply of the short-distance wireless communication node is limited, the energy consumption is reduced, and the continuous working time of the node is prolonged, so that the antenna is not only an effort target of short-distance communication, but also a permanent subject of all communication systems. If the communication node is in an omnidirectional state during receiving, the communication node becomes a directional antenna to communicate with the incoming wave node after receiving the incoming wave, and the radiation energy is concentrated in the incoming wave direction, so that the transmission efficiency and the gain are increased, the power consumption is reduced, and the communication end (such as a tablet computer, a mobile phone and the like) which has smaller power and less energy is enabled to obtain longer communication distance and better communication performance.
The direction backtracking antenna is a self-directional reflection antenna integrating the functions of an omnidirectional antenna and a directional antenna: omnidirectional while waiting for an incident wave signal; after the signals are received, the incoming wave direction is automatically identified and the backtracking signals are fed back, so that under the condition that the radiation power and the distance between the system units are unchanged, the power consumption is reduced, and the signal transmission efficiency of the system is improved. A new solution is provided for solving the contradiction between high gain and omni-directionality of the antenna in the short-distance wireless communication system. How to make a simple structure is firm, and the gain is high, and cross polarization ratio is little, keeps apart effectually, and has stronger omni-directional rotation directional ability to extensively be used for the indoor short distance communication field of 5G, and directly be applied to the direction backtracking antenna of 2.6Ghz frequency channel direction backtracking scene is the problem that awaits a urgent solution.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment, which are used for solving the technical problems of poor gain and isolation effect, large cross polarization ratio and poor omnidirectional rotation and orientation capability of a direction backtracking antenna in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array, including: the antenna comprises antenna units, an impedance converter and a feed network, wherein the antenna units are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a straight line shape to form an array, the outer contour of each antenna unit is of a star-shaped structure, the end part of each antenna unit is connected with one end of the impedance converter, and the feed network is connected with the other end of the impedance converter and connects the antenna units in parallel.
According to the microstrip antenna array with the direction backtracking provided by the utility model, the antenna unit is designed by performing trapezoid-shaped groove excavation on four radiation edges on a rectangular dielectric substrate by utilizing a meander technology, so that a star-shaped structure with an outer contour is formed.
According to the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the utility model, the antenna unit is a single-layer dual-polarized side feed antenna.
According to the microstrip antenna array with direction backtracking provided by the utility model, the impedance changer comprises a first impedance changer and a second impedance changer, the first impedance changer is connected to the first end of the corresponding antenna unit, and the second impedance changer is connected to the second end of the corresponding antenna unit.
According to the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the utility model, the feed network comprises a primary parallel upper feed network, a primary parallel lower feed network, a secondary parallel upper feed network, a secondary parallel lower feed network, a first feed port and a second feed port, the primary parallel upper feed network is connected in parallel with the first impedance changers at the first ends of the adjacent antenna units and is connected in parallel with the adjacent primary parallel upper feed network through the secondary parallel upper feed network to the first feed port, and the primary parallel lower feed network is connected in parallel with the second impedance changers at the second ends of the adjacent antenna units and is connected in parallel with the adjacent primary parallel lower feed network through the secondary parallel lower feed network to the second feed port.
According to the microstrip antenna array with the direction backtracking function, provided by the utility model, the primary parallel upper feed network, the primary parallel lower feed network, the secondary parallel upper feed network and the secondary parallel lower feed network all comprise microstrip lines, and chamfer angles are arranged at corners of the microstrip lines.
According to the microstrip antenna array with the direction backtracking provided by the utility model, the length of the rectangular dielectric substrate is as follows: 4 (W)0+2*L2) The width is: w0+4*L2+6*L3+2*W3+2*W4；
The height of the trapezoid groove is L1The length of the upper base is W0-2*W2The length of the lower base is W0+2*L1；
The first impedance changer has a height L3Width of W1；
The height of the second impedance changer is L2Width of W1；
The distance between the adjacent antenna units is L;
the length and the height of the primary parallel upper feed network are both L and 2L2All width being W3；
The length and the height of the first-stage parallel lower feed network are L2+L3All width being W3；
The length of the secondary parallel upper feed network and the secondary parallel lower feed network is 2 x L, and the height of the secondary parallel upper feed network and the secondary parallel lower feed network is L3Width of W4；
Wherein, W0For the distance between two of said trapezoidal grooves arranged oppositely, W2Is the distance between the trapezoidal groove at the side of the first impedance changer or the second impedance changer and the impedance changer.
According to the microstrip antenna array with the direction backtracking function, provided by the utility model, the rectangular dielectric substrate is an FR4 epoxy resin board.
According to the microstrip antenna array with the direction backtracking function, the number of the antenna units is at least four.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a communication device comprising: the utility model relates to a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array.
The direction backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the utility model utilizes a plurality of antenna units to form an array, and the outer contour of each antenna unit is constructed into a star-shaped structure, so that the antenna array has good isolation effect, stronger omnidirectional rotation and orientation capability and better overall performance, the impedance converter is utilized to convert the impedance of the antenna units, and the antenna units are combined in parallel by utilizing the feed network to form the antenna array. Through experiments, the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array can be widely applied to the field of 5G indoor short-distance communication and can be directly applied to a 2.6Ghz frequency band direction backtracking scene.
Further, the present invention also provides a communication device comprising the directional backtracking microstrip antenna array as described above, which also has the advantages as described above.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simulation diagram of S11 parameters of the direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of S12 parameters of the direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a radiation pattern of the direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array provided by the present invention;
reference numerals:
100: an antenna unit;
201: a first impedance changer; 202: a second impedance changer;
301: a first-stage parallel upper feed network; 302: a first-stage parallel lower feed network;
303: a secondary parallel upper feed network; 304: a secondary parallel lower feed network;
305: a first feed port; 306: a second feed port.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array of the utility model is described below with reference to fig. 1. The direction backtracking microstrip antenna array comprises: the antenna unit 100, the impedance transformer and the feed network.
The antenna units 100 are arranged at intervals and arranged in a straight line to form an array, the outer contour of the antenna unit 100 is a star-shaped structure, the end of the antenna unit 100 is connected with one end of the impedance converter, and the feed network is connected with the other end of the impedance converter and connects the antenna units 100 in parallel.
Specifically, the manufacturing process of the antenna unit 100 is as follows: the radiation welt is arranged on one side of the rectangular medium substrate, and trapezoidal groove excavation design is carried out on the four radiation edges on the rectangular medium substrate by utilizing the meander technology, so that a star-shaped structure with an outer contour is formed. Further, the star-shaped structure is a four-corner star structure, and the angle and the size of each corner are the same. Four trapezoidal grooves are formed in each antenna unit 100, and one trapezoidal groove is formed in one radiation edge, so that the antenna unit 100 of a star structure is formed. The rectangular dielectric substrate is made of FR4 epoxy resin board, has a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6mm, and can be directly corroded on a printed circuit board to manufacture a real object. The antenna unit 100 manufactured by the process has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing and low processing cost, and the antenna array formed by the plurality of antenna units 100 is good in isolation effect, strong in omni-directional rotation and orientation capability and good in overall performance.
Further, the antenna unit 100 employs a single-layer dual-polarized edge-fed antenna.
The conversion of 100 ohms of the antenna element aperture is achieved using an 1/4 wavelength impedance transformer, and the spacing between the antenna elements 100 may be selected to be 1/2 wavelengths in order to reduce radiation losses due to unwanted coupling.
The feed network is based on microstrip lines, and has the advantages of simple and firm structure, high gain and small cross polarization ratio.
The direction backtracking microstrip antenna array provided by the utility model utilizes a plurality of antenna units 100 to form an array, and the outer contour of each antenna unit 100 is constructed into a star-shaped structure, so that the antenna array has good isolation effect, stronger omnidirectional rotation and orientation capability and better overall performance, the impedance of the antenna units 100 is converted by an impedance changer, and the antenna units 100 are combined in parallel by utilizing a feed network to form the antenna array.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the impedance changer includes a first impedance changer 201 and a second impedance changer 202, the first impedance changer 201 is connected to the first end of the corresponding antenna unit 100, and the second impedance changer 202 is connected to the second end of the corresponding antenna unit 100. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first impedance changer 201 is connected to the side of the antenna unit 100, the second impedance changer 202 is connected to the bottom of the antenna unit 100, and both the first impedance changer 201 and the second impedance changer 202 employ 1/4 wavelength impedance changers.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the feeding network comprises a first-stage parallel upper feeding network 301, a first-stage parallel lower feeding network 302, a second-stage parallel upper feeding network 303, a second-stage parallel lower feeding network 304, a first feeding port 305 and a second feeding port 306, the first-stage parallel upper feeding network 301 is connected in parallel to the first impedance transformer 201 on the side of the adjacent antenna unit 100 and connected in parallel to the first feeding port 305 through the second-stage parallel upper feeding network 303 and the adjacent first-stage parallel upper feeding network 301, and the first-stage parallel lower feeding network 302 is connected in parallel to the second impedance transformer 202 at the bottom of the adjacent antenna unit 100 and connected in parallel to the second feeding port 306 through the second-stage parallel lower feeding network 304 and the adjacent first-stage parallel lower feeding network 302. In this embodiment, since two impedance changers are used, the two antenna units 100 are connected in parallel by the first-stage parallel upper feed network 301 at the end of the first impedance changer 201, and the two antenna units 100 are connected in parallel by the first-stage parallel lower feed network 302 at the end of the second impedance changer 202. Further, in the present embodiment, two-stage parallel connection is adopted, that is, a two-stage parallel connection upper feed network 303 is further provided on the basis of the one-stage parallel connection upper feed network 301, and a two-stage parallel connection lower feed network 304 is further provided on the basis of the one-stage parallel connection lower feed network 302, and through two-stage parallel connection, the four antenna units 100 can be connected with corresponding feed ports, so that a plurality of antennas are combined to form an antenna array. Furthermore, the standard 50 ohm coaxial connector is adopted for feeding, the whole structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, and the cost is low.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the primary parallel upper feeding network 301, the primary parallel lower feeding network 302, the secondary parallel upper feeding network 303, and the secondary parallel lower feeding network 304 all include microstrip lines, and the corners of the microstrip lines are provided with chamfered angles, optionally, the angle of the chamfered angle is 45 °.
In the utility model whereinIn one embodiment, the length of the rectangular dielectric substrate is: 4 (W)0+2*L2) The width is: w0+4*L2+6*L3+2*W3+2*W4；
The height of the trapezoid groove is L1The length of the upper base is W0-2*W2The length of the lower base is W0+2*L1；
The first impedance transformer 201 has a height L3Width of W1The length of the horizontal leading-out part can be designed according to the actual situation;
the height of the second impedance changer 202 is L2Width of W1；
The distance between adjacent antenna elements 100 is L;
the length of the first-stage parallel upper feed network 301 is L, and the height thereof is 2L2All width being W3；
The first-level parallel lower feed network 302 has a length of L and a height of L2+L3All width being W3；
The length of the secondary parallel upper feed network 303 and the secondary parallel lower feed network 304 is 2 x L, and the height is L3Width of W4；
Wherein, W0Is the distance between two oppositely arranged trapezoidal grooves, W2Is the distance between the trapezoidal groove located at the side of the first impedance transformer 201 or the second impedance transformer 202 and the impedance transformer. Through the above formula, the size parameters of the antenna unit 100, the impedance transformer and the feed network are optimally designed, and the specific values of the above parameters are finally determined, as shown in the following table:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of antenna units 100 is at least four. As shown in fig. 1, four antenna units 100 of the direction-finding microstrip antenna array based on the above embodiment are provided. According to actual needs, other numbers of antenna units 100 may be provided, and the connection relationship of the feeding network changes accordingly.
The utility model also provides a communication device which can be a tablet computer or a mobile phone and the like. The communication device includes: the utility model relates to a direction backtracking microstrip antenna array.
Taking the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array with four antenna units 100 as an example, that is, performing performance test according to the scheme shown in fig. 1, the test results are shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4:
the S11 parameter guideline curve of the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array in the frequency band of 1.5-3.5GHz is shown in FIG. 2, and it is obvious from FIG. 2 that the return loss parameters of the antenna in the vicinity of 2515-2675Mhz (the bandwidth is 160Mhz) are all lower than-10 dB and the lowest is-35 dB;
the simulation parameter curve of the isolation S12 of the direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array in the frequency band of 1.5-3.5GHz is shown in FIG. 3, the S12 value at the center frequency is-14 dB, and the minimum value is about-35 dB. The sum of the return loss and the isolation parameter value at the center frequency is about-50 dB, and the requirement of the antenna development on general performance indexes is met.
The E-plane main polarization and cross polarization directional patterns of the direction backtracking microstrip antenna array at 2.6GHz are shown in fig. 4, the H-plane radiation directional pattern of the antenna array is still approximately circular, which shows that the antenna array has good omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and the gain of the antenna array in the strongest radiation direction is about 11.2dB, which meets the performance index requirement that the direction backtracking antenna array is in an omnidirectional receiving mode at ordinary times and becomes directional transmission after receiving incoming wave signals.
The direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and the communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model have the following technical effects:
(1) the return loss is small, the return loss is smaller than-10 dB in a 2515-2675MHz frequency band range, and the voltage standing wave ratio is smaller than 2;
(2) the omnidirectional characteristic is good, and the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the H surface is kept stable within a frequency band range;
(3) the gain is high, and through parallel combination, the gain in the strongest radiation direction of the four-unit antenna array is about 11.2dB, and the requirement of the direction backtracking antenna on the omnidirectional rotation and orientation is completely met;
(4) the radiation patch is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, 50-ohm coplanar waveguide feed impedance is achieved, matching and integration with other components such as a phase conjugate circuit of a direction backtracking system are facilitated, and the radiation patch can be widely applied to 2.6GHz indoor supplementary coverage improvement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array, comprising: the antenna comprises antenna units, an impedance converter and a feed network, wherein the antenna units are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a straight line shape to form an array, the outer contour of each antenna unit is of a star-shaped structure, the end part of each antenna unit is connected with one end of the impedance converter, and the feed network is connected with the other end of the impedance converter and connects the antenna units in parallel.
2. The direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the antenna elements are designed by performing trapezoidal groove excavation on four radiating edges on a rectangular dielectric substrate by using a meander technology, thereby forming a star-shaped outer profile.
3. The array of claim 2, wherein the antenna elements are single-layer dual-polarized edge-fed antennas.
4. The direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array of claim 3, wherein the impedance changers include first impedance changers connected to first ends of the corresponding antenna elements and second impedance changers connected to second ends of the corresponding antenna elements.
5. The direction-retroactive microstrip antenna array according to claim 4, wherein said feed network comprises a primary parallel upper feed network, a primary parallel lower feed network, a secondary parallel upper feed network, a secondary parallel lower feed network, a first feed port and a second feed port, said primary parallel upper feed network is connected in parallel to said first impedance transformer adjacent to said first end of said antenna unit and connected in parallel to said first feed port through said secondary parallel upper feed network and said adjacent primary parallel upper feed network, said primary parallel lower feed network is connected in parallel to said second impedance transformer adjacent to said second end of said antenna unit and connected in parallel to said second feed port through said secondary parallel lower feed network and said adjacent primary parallel lower feed network.
6. The direction-backtracking microstrip antenna array according to claim 5, wherein said primary parallel upper feed network, said primary parallel lower feed network, said secondary parallel upper feed network and said secondary parallel lower feed network each comprise a microstrip line, and wherein a chamfer angle is provided at a corner of said microstrip line.
7. The direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array of claim 6,
the length of the rectangular dielectric substrate is as follows: 4 (W)0+2*L2) The width is: w0+4*L2+6*L3+2*W3+2*W4；
Height of the trapezoidal grooveIs L1The length of the upper base is W0-2*W2The length of the lower base is W0+2*L1；
The first impedance changer has a height L3Width of W1；
The height of the second impedance changer is L2Width of W1；
The distance between the adjacent antenna units is L;
the length and the height of the primary parallel upper feed network are both L and 2L2All width being W3；
The length and the height of the first-stage parallel lower feed network are L2+L3All width being W3；
The length of the secondary parallel upper feed network and the secondary parallel lower feed network is 2 x L, and the height of the secondary parallel upper feed network and the secondary parallel lower feed network is L3Width of W4；
Wherein, W0For the distance between two of said trapezoidal grooves arranged oppositely, W2Is the distance between the trapezoidal groove at the side of the first impedance changer or the second impedance changer and the impedance changer.
8. The array of any one of claims 2-7, wherein the rectangular dielectric substrate is an FR4 epoxy board.
9. The direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array of claim 1, wherein the number of the antenna elements is at least four.
10. A communication device, comprising: the direction-retrospective microstrip antenna array of any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN202122070427.7U CN216389736U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment |
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| CN202122070427.7U CN216389736U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Direction backtracking microstrip antenna array and communication equipment |
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| CN216389736U true CN216389736U (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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