CN216389429U - Pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer - Google Patents
Pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer Download PDFInfo
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- CN216389429U CN216389429U CN202122355279.3U CN202122355279U CN216389429U CN 216389429 U CN216389429 U CN 216389429U CN 202122355279 U CN202122355279 U CN 202122355279U CN 216389429 U CN216389429 U CN 216389429U
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Abstract
The application provides a pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer. The pole piece structure includes: a current collector; the first type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a first active substance; the second type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a second active substance; if the pole piece structure is a positive pole piece, the lithium removing capacity of the second active material is weaker than that of the first active material; if the pole piece structure is a negative pole piece, the lithium intercalation capacity of the second active material is stronger than that of the first active material; in the first direction, two coating zones of the second type are distributed at both ends of the coating zones of the first type.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a pole piece structure, an electrode assembly, a single battery, a battery and electric equipment.
Background
In recent years, with the application range of lithium ion batteries becoming wider, lithium ion batteries are widely used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic power, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, and in a plurality of fields such as electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, military equipment and aerospace. As lithium ion batteries have been greatly developed, higher requirements are also put forward on energy density, cycle performance, safety performance and the like. But the lithium removal phenomenon or the more serious lithium removal phenomenon is found in the battery in the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer can reduce the lithium phenomenon of taking off of battery at least.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a pole piece structure comprising:
a current collector; the first type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a first active substance; the second type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a second active substance;
if the pole piece structure is a positive pole piece, the lithium removing capacity of the second active material is weaker than that of the first active material; if the pole piece structure is a negative pole piece, the lithium intercalation capacity of the second active material is stronger than that of the first active material; in the first direction, two coating zones of the second type are distributed at both ends of the coating zones of the first type.
For the positive pole piece, the second coating areas with the lithium removing capacity weaker than that of the first coating areas are arranged at the two ends of the first coating areas of the current collector, the charging capacity of the battery is ensured through the higher lithium removing capacity of the first coating areas, and meanwhile, the lithium removing phenomenon can be at least weakened through the arrangement of the second coating areas with the lower lithium removing capacity arranged at the two ends of the first coating areas. For the negative pole piece, the second coating area with the lithium embedding capacity weaker than that of the first coating area is arranged at the two ends of the first coating area of the current collector, and the second coating area can receive more lithium ions separated from the positive pole to be embedded, so that the lithium removal phenomenon can be weakened.
In any embodiment, the second type of coating zone comprises: a first coating zone and a second coating zone; in the first direction, the first-type coating zone is located between the first coating zone and the second coating zone;
the distance between the tabs in the first coating area is smaller than that between the tabs in the second coating area;
the first coating zone has a first width W1 in the first direction, the second coating zone has a second width W2 in the first direction; w1 is not less than W2.
The arrangement of the first coating region of the second type of coating region with a W1 smaller than the W2 of the second coating region can improve the edge delithiation phenomenon while minimizing the reduction of the delithiation capability of the pole piece.
Based on the scheme, W1 is W2 and 3W 1. W1 and W2 satisfy the proportional relation, and the lithium removal phenomenon can be weakened well.
Based on the scheme, W1 is W2 and 2W 1. W1 and W2 satisfy this proportional relationship, improving the edge delithiation phenomenon while trying to reduce the capacity density little.
Based on the above scheme, the first type coating area has a third width W3 in the first direction;
wherein, the ratio of (W1+ W2)/(W1+ W2+ W3) is preset.
The preset ratio relation that the widths of the first type coating area and the second type coating area in the first direction meet can realize the quick charge and discharge of the battery through the first type coating area with high lithium removal capacity on one hand, and can improve the edge lithium removal phenomenon through the width limitation of the second type coating area in the first direction on the other hand.
Based on the scheme, the preset ratio is as follows: 2% (W1+ W2+ W3) to (W1+ W2) to 40% (W1+ W2+ W3).
Based on the scheme, the preset ratio is as follows: 5% (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% (W1+ W2+ W3) or, 5% (. Cap2/Cap 1) ≦ (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% (. Cap2/Cap 1) (W1+ W2+ W3), wherein the Cap2 is gram-volume exertion of the second active substance; the Cap1 is the gram volume exertion of the first active substance.
Based on the above scheme, the pole piece further includes:
a third type of coating zone having a third active material disposed in a layered relationship with the first type of coating zone and the second type of coating zone.
Through the introduction of the third type of coating area, the pole piece structure forms double-layer coating, on one hand, the double-layer coating can enhance the moving speed of lithium ions between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece, and the lithium removal phenomenon can be weakened through the second type of coating areas positioned at the two ends. Based on the scheme, the third type coating area of the positive pole piece covers the first type coating area and the second type coating area of the positive pole piece;
the lithium removing capacity of the third type coating area of the positive pole piece is stronger than or equal to the lithium removing capacity of the first type coating area of the positive pole piece.
For the positive pole piece, the third type coating area which is closer to the negative pole piece after being assembled has the lithium removal capacity which is equal to or larger than that of the first type coating area, and can promote the lithium ions of the positive pole piece to move to the negative pole piece, thereby improving the current exchange rate between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece.
Based on the above scheme, the attributes of the third active material of the positive electrode sheet and the first active material of the positive electrode sheet include at least one of the following relationships:
the compacted density of the third active material is less than or equal to the compacted density of the first active material;
the coating thickness of the third active material is less than or equal to the coating thickness of the first active material;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is greater than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the third active substance is less than or equal to the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the powder resistance of the third active material is less than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material.
Based on the scheme, the third type coating area of the negative pole piece is covered by the first type coating area and the second type coating area of the negative pole piece; wherein the lithium insertion capacity of the third type of coating region is less than or equal to the lithium insertion capacity of the first type of coating region.
For the negative pole piece, the third type coating area of the negative pole piece is a coating layer far away from the positive pole piece and is positioned below the first type coating area and the second type coating area. The lithium intercalation capacity of the third type coating area is equal to or weaker than that of the first type coating area, and the lithium intercalation capacity of the third type coating area can be properly reduced in terms of functionality mainly considering that lithium ions separated from the positive pole piece are firstly received by the first type coating area and the second type coating area, and then the rest lithium ions enter the third type coating area.
Based on any scheme, the attributes of the second active material of the positive pole piece and the first active material of the positive pole piece comprise at least one of the following relations:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is greater than the powder resistance of the first active material.
Based on the above scheme, the attributes of the second active material of the negative electrode sheet and the first active material of the negative electrode sheet include at least one of the following relationships:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the second active material has a lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient greater than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is larger than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is smaller than the powder resistance of the first active material.
The second aspect of the present application also provides an electrode assembly comprising:
the pole piece structure provided by any technical scheme of the first aspect.
The electrode assembly adopts a pole piece structure at least comprising a first type coating area and a second type coating area, and the lithium removing capability of the second type coating area of the pole piece positioned at the two ends of the first type coating area is weaker than that of the first type coating area, so that the lithium removing capability of the electrode assembly is ensured by the first type coating area with high lithium removing capability, and the lithium removing phenomenon of the electrode assembly can be weakened by arranging the second type coating area with lower lithium removing capability at the two ends of the first type coating area. For the negative pole piece, the lithium embedding capacity of the first type coating area is stronger than that of the second type coating area, so that the second type coating areas at two ends can accept more lithium capacity, and the lithium ion removal from the negative pole piece at two ends is reduced.
A third aspect of the present application provides a battery cell, including:
a housing having an accommodating chamber;
the electrode assembly provided in the second aspect is located in the receiving cavity.
The electrode assembly of the battery monomer adopts a pole piece structure at least comprising a first type coating area and a second type coating area, and the lithium removing capability of the second type coating area, which is positioned at the two ends of the first type coating area, of the positive pole piece is weaker than that of the first type coating area, so that the lithium removing capability of the electrode assembly is ensured through the first type coating area with high lithium removing capability, and meanwhile, the lithium removing phenomenon of the electrode assembly can be weakened through the arrangement of the second type coating area with lower lithium removing capability at the two ends of the first type coating area. For the negative pole piece, the lithium embedding capacity of the first type coating area is stronger than that of the second type coating area, so that the second type coating areas at two ends can accept more lithium capacity, and the lithium ion removal from the negative pole piece at two ends is reduced.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a battery including:
a box body;
the battery cell provided by the third aspect is accommodated in the box body.
The electrode monomer of the battery adopts a pole piece structure at least comprising a first type coating area and a second type coating area, and the lithium removing capability of the second type coating area of the positive pole piece, which is positioned at the two ends of the first type coating area, is weaker than that of the first type coating area, so that the lithium removing capability of the electrode assembly is ensured through the first type coating area with high lithium removing capability, and meanwhile, the lithium removing phenomenon of the electrode assembly can be weakened through the arrangement of the second type coating area with lower lithium removing capability at the two ends of the first type coating area. For the negative pole piece, the lithium embedding capacity of the first type coating area is stronger than that of the second type coating area, so that the second type coating areas at two ends can accept more lithium capacity, and the lithium ion removal from the negative pole piece at two ends is reduced.
A sixth aspect of the present application provides an electric device, comprising: the battery provided in the third aspect; and a power consuming component electrically connected to the battery.
The electrode monomer adopted by the battery of the electric equipment has a pole piece structure at least comprising a first-class coating area and a second-class coating area, and the second-class coating areas, which are positioned at two ends of the first-class coating area, of the positive pole piece have the lithium removing capacity of a second active substance, which is weaker than the lithium removing capacity of an active position of the first-class coating area, so that the lithium removing capacity of the pole piece is ensured through the first-class coating area with high lithium removing capacity, and meanwhile, the second-class coating area with lower lithium removing capacity is arranged at two ends of the first-class coating area, and the lithium removing phenomenon can be weakened. For the negative pole piece, the lithium embedding capacity of the first type coating area is stronger than that of the second type coating area, so that the second type coating areas at two ends can accept more lithium capacity, and the lithium ion removal from the negative pole piece at two ends is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram of a positive electrode tab according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2B is a schematic diagram of a positive electrode tab according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pole piece according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an electrode assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is an exploded schematic view of the battery cell shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
10 pole piece structure;
11 current collector;
111 pole lugs;
12 a first type of coating zone;
13 a second type of coating zone;
131 a first coating zone;
132 a second coating zone;
14 a third type of coating zone;
21 positive pole piece;
22 a negative pole piece;
30 a septum;
40 an electrode assembly;
50 battery cells;
41 a housing;
42 receive the cavity. .
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of a pole piece structure, a negative pole piece, an electrode assembly, a battery cell, and an electric device according to the present application are specifically disclosed in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. But a detailed description thereof will be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of already known matters and repetitive descriptions of actually the same configurations may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the following description, and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. The drawings and the following description are provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application, and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.
The "ranges" disclosed herein are defined in terms of lower limits and upper limits, with a given range being defined by a selection of one lower limit and one upper limit that define the boundaries of the particular range. Ranges defined in this manner may or may not include endpoints and may be arbitrarily combined, i.e., any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for a particular parameter, it is understood that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also contemplated. Furthermore, if the minimum range values 1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values 3, 4, and 5 are listed, the following ranges are all contemplated: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. In this application, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, a numerical range of "0 to 5" indicates that all real numbers between "0 to 5" have been listed herein, and "0 to 5" is only a shorthand representation of the combination of these numbers. In addition, when a parameter is an integer of 2 or more, it is equivalent to disclose that the parameter is, for example, an integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, or the like.
All embodiments and alternative embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other to form new solutions, if not specifically stated.
All technical and optional features of the present application may be combined with each other to form new solutions, if not otherwise specified.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" as used herein mean either open or closed unless otherwise specified. For example, the terms "comprising" and "comprises" may mean that other components not listed may also be included or included, or that only listed components may be included or included.
In this application, the term "or" is inclusive, if not otherwise specified. For example, the phrase "a or B" means "a, B, or both a and B. More specifically, either of the following conditions satisfies the condition "a or B": a is true (or present) and B is false (or not present); a is false (or not present) and B is true (or present); or both a and B are true (or present).
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a pole piece structure 10, including:
a current collector 11;
a first type coating region 12 coated on a surface of the current collector 11 and having a first active material;
a second type coating region 13 coated on the surface of the current collector 11 and having a second active material;
if the pole piece structure is a positive pole piece, the lithium removing capacity of the second active material is weaker than that of the first active material; if the pole piece structure is a negative pole piece, the lithium intercalation capacity of the second active material is stronger than that of the first active material;
in the first direction, two coating zones of the second type 13 are distributed at both ends of the coating zone of the first type 12.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the pole piece structure includes: positive pole piece and/or negative pole piece.
If the pole piece structure is a positive pole piece, the current collector 11 can be a positive current collector; if the pole piece structure is a negative pole piece, the current collector 11 is a negative current collector.
The current collector 11 may be a variety of metal sheets including, but not limited to, aluminum sheets.
The current collector 11 comprises a first surface and a second surface; the second surface is opposite the first surface. Said current collector 11 has said first type of coating area 12 and said second type of coating area 13 on at least one of its first and second surfaces.
In the embodiment of the present application, the pole piece structure 10 has at least two types of coating regions, which are the first type of coating region 12 and the second type of coating region 13. Wherein the first type of coating zone 12 may comprise only 1; the first type of coating zone 12 is located in the central region of the positive electrode assembly; and the second type coating regions 13 are distributed in the edge region (or referred to as end region) of the current collector 11, and exemplarily, the second type coating regions 13 are distributed at both ends of the current collector 11.
The regions of the current collector 11, which are not coated with active material, may constitute the tabs. The direction of extension of the tab from the point where the active material is coated to the edge of the current collector 11 constitutes the first direction.
For the positive pole piece, the second coating areas 13 with weaker lithium removal capability are positioned at two ends of the first coating area 12, so that the lithium removal capability of two ends of the whole pole piece structure 10 is weakened, and the lithium removal phenomenon at two ends of the positive pole can be reduced when the pole piece structure 10 is assembled into a battery.
For the negative pole piece, the lithium insertion capacity of the first type coating area 12 is stronger than that of the second type coating area 13, so that the second type coating areas 12 at two ends can accept more lithium insertion capacity, and the lithium ion removal from the negative pole piece at two ends is reduced.
The first active substance and the second active substance may be the same or different.
For the positive electrode plate, the first active material and the second active material have different properties, so that the lithium removing capability of the second type coating region 13 is weaker than that of the first type coating region 12.
For the negative electrode plate, the first active material and the second active material have different properties, so that the lithium intercalation capacity of the second type coating region 13 can be weaker than that of the first type coating region 12.
For the positive electrode sheet, the first active material and the second active material are both positive electrode active materials. The positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: olivine knotA structural lithium-containing phosphate, a lithium transition metal oxide, and respective modified compounds thereof. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as a positive electrode active material of a battery may be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, examples of the lithium transition metal oxide may include, but are not limited to, lithium cobalt oxide (e.g., LiCoO)2) Lithium nickel oxide (e.g., LiNiO)2) Lithium manganese oxide (e.g., LiMnO)2、LiMn2O4) Lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (e.g., LiNi)1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2(may also be abbreviated as NCM)333)、 LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2(may also be abbreviated as NCM)523)、LiNi0.5Co0.25Mn0.25O2(may also be abbreviated as NCM)211)、LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2(may also be abbreviated as NCM)622)、 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(may also be abbreviated as NCM)811) Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxides (e.g., LiNi)0.85Co0.15Al0.05O2) And modified compounds thereof, and the like. Examples of olivine structured lithium-containing phosphates may include, but are not limited to, lithium iron phosphate (e.g., LiFePO)4(also referred to as LFP for short)), a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, and lithium manganese phosphate (e.g., LiMnPO)4) At least one of a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and a composite material of lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon, but not limited to the above examples.
For the negative electrode sheet, the first type of active material and the second type of active material are both negative electrode active materials. The negative active material may include: carbon or silicon, etc. In order to ensure that the fuse is not fused when a large current is passed, the number of the positive electrode tabs is multiple and the positive electrode tabs are stacked together, and the number of the negative electrode tabs is multiple and the negative electrode tabs are stacked together. The material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).
If the pole piece structure is used as a composition structure of the crimp battery, the compacted thickness of the pole piece structure at two ends or bending positions is slightly smaller than that of other positions, so that the pole piece structure is convenient to bend.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the current collector 11 includes: and a tab 111.
For a positive electrode tab, the tab 111 is a positive electrode tab. For the negative pole piece, the tab is a negative pole tab.
Wherein the tab 111 is a portion of the current collector 11 beyond the coated active material area.
The second type coating zone 13 comprises: a first coating zone 131 and a second coating zone 132; in the first direction, the first type of coating zone 12 is located between the first coating zone 131 and the second coating zone 132;
the first coating zone 131 has a first width W1 in the first direction, the second coating zone 132 has a second width W2 in the first direction;
the current collector comprises a tab 111;
the distance between the tabs 111 in the first coating region 131 is smaller than the distance between the tabs 111 in the second coating region 132;
W1≤W2。
this width relationship is present here for both the positive and negative pole pieces.
The first coating region 131 and the second coating region 132 both belong to the second type coating region 13 and are distributed at both ends of the first type coating region 12 along the extending direction of the tab 111. Therefore, the lithium removal phenomenon at both ends of the pole piece structure 10 can be reduced or the lithium removal severity is reduced.
In the disclosed embodiment, the widths of the first coating region 131 and the second coating region 132 may be equal or different. If the widths of the first and second coating regions 131 and 132 are different, the width W1 of the first coating region 131 is smaller than the width W2 of the second coating, thus facilitating the outward discharge of the tab 111.
Alternatively, W1< W2 ≦ 3W 1. If W1 is smaller than W2, W2 is also smaller than 3W1, so that the widths of the first coating region 131 and the second coating region 132 in the first direction are ensured to be sufficient to reduce the severity of delithiation, and simultaneously, the discharge of the tab 111 can be considered.
Preferably, W1< W2 ≦ 2W 1.
Characterized in that the coating zones of the first type 12 have a third width W3 in the first direction;
wherein, the ratio of (W1+ W2)/(W1+ W2+ W3) is preset.
The predetermined ratio will be less than 1.
Illustratively, 2% > (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 40% > (W1+ W2+ W3). If the predetermined ratio is between 2% and 40%, on one hand, the second-type coating region 13 can have a sufficient width to reduce the severity of delithiation at both ends of the electrode sheet structure 10, and on the other hand, the first-type coating region 12 can be ensured to have a sufficient width to provide sufficient power supply capability and storage capacity.
Preferably, 5% > (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% > (W1+ W2+ W3).
In this preferable range, sufficient discharge capacity and storage capacity can be ensured while reducing the lithium removal phenomenon.
Preferably, 5% by weight of Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% by weight of Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3), wherein the Cap2 exerts the gram capacity of the second active substance; the Cap1 is the gram volume exertion of the first active substance.
In some embodiments, Cap2 will be smaller than Cap1, which may ensure that the end regions have less extracted lithium ions. Thus, 5% Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3) further defines the width ratio of the first-type coating regions 12 and the second-type coating regions 13 in the first direction.
In one embodiment, the pole piece structure 10 may comprise only the first type of coating area 12 and the second type of coating area 13, both the first type of coating area 12 and the second type of coating area 13 directly overlying the current collector 11. This pole piece structure 10 is a single layer coated pole piece.
In another embodiment, the pole piece structure 10 may be a double coated pole piece. At this time, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the pole piece structure 10 further includes:
a third type of coating zone 14, said third active substance being disposed in a layer with said first type of coating zone and said second type of coating zone.
Illustratively, the third type coating area of the positive pole piece covers the first type coating area and the second type coating area of the positive pole piece;
referring to fig. 2A, the third active material of the positive electrode plate covers the first type coating area 12 of the positive electrode plate and the second type coating area 13 of the positive electrode plate; wherein, the discharge capacity of the third type coating area 14 of the positive pole piece is stronger than or equal to the discharge capacity of the first type coating area 12 of the positive pole piece.
The third type coating area 14 of the positive pole piece directly covers the first type coating area 12 and the second type coating area 13, and the discharge capacity of the first type coating area 12 is stronger than that of the first type coating area 12, so that the third type coating area 14 can enhance the discharge capacity of the pole piece structure 10.
For a negative pole piece, as shown with reference to fig. 2B, the third type of coating area 14 of the negative pole piece is covered by the first type of coating area 12 and the second type of coating area 13 of the negative pole piece; wherein the lithium insertion capacity of the third type of coating region is less than or equal to the lithium insertion capacity of the first type of coating region.
The third active material may be the same as or different from the first active material for the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; and is
The third active substance may be the same as or different from the second active substance.
In some embodiments, the property relationship between the third active material of the positive electrode sheet and the first active material of the positive electrode sheet includes at least one of:
the compacted density of the third active material is less than or equal to the compacted density of the first active material;
the coating thickness of the third active material is less than or equal to the coating thickness of the first active material;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is greater than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the third active substance is less than or equal to the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the powder resistance of the third active material is less than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material;
the weight ratio of the inert substances added into the third active substance is less than or equal to the weight ratio of the inert substances added into the first active substance.
The above attribute relationship between the third active material and the first active material of the positive electrode plate can make the lithium removing capability of the third type coating region 14 of the positive electrode plate stronger than the lithium removing capability of the first type coating region 12 of the positive electrode plate.
The compacted density is negatively related to the delithiation capability, and therefore, in some embodiments, the third type of coating region 14 with the third active material of the positive electrode sheet can have a stronger delithiation capability by setting the other properties of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet and the third active material of the positive electrode sheet to be the same, so that the compacted density of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet is greater than or equal to the compacted density of the third active material of the positive electrode sheet.
The coating thickness of the third active material of the positive electrode tab and the first active material of the positive electrode tab may be understood as a width in the second direction. The second direction may be: the current collector 11 is horizontally unfolded and perpendicular to the direction of the plane of the current collector 11.
The coating thickness is inversely related to the lithium removal capacity. Therefore, the coating thickness of the third type coating area 14 of the positive pole piece is smaller than that of the first type coating area 12 of the positive pole piece, so that the lithium removing capacity of the third type coating area 14 of the positive pole piece is larger than the discharging capacity of the first type coating area 12 of the positive pole piece.
Illustratively, the ratio of the coating thickness of the third active material of the positive electrode sheet to the coating thickness of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet is 2: 8-8: 2.
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material of the positive electrode plate is greater than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material of the positive electrode plate, and the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient is in positive correlation with the lithium removal capacity, so that the lithium removal capacity of the third type coating area 14 of the positive electrode plate is stronger than the lithium removal capacity of the first type coating area 12 through the arrangement of the lithium ion solid phase coefficient.
In other embodiments, the third type coating region 14 of the positive electrode sheet can have a stronger lithium removal capability by limiting the size relationship between the third active material of the positive electrode sheet and the gram-volume exertion of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet.
In some embodiments, the powder resistance of the third active material of the positive electrode sheet is less than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet, and the smaller the powder resistance is, the load (Loading) of the active material is reduced, so that the lithium removing capability of the third type coating area 14 of the positive electrode sheet can be stronger than the lithium removing capability of the first type coating area 12.
The powder resistance of the third active material of the positive electrode sheet is less than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet in various ways, and may be determined by setting the size of the constituent particles of the third active material, the shape of the third active material, and the like.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the inert substance added to the third active substance of the positive electrode sheet is smaller than the mass ratio of the inert substance added to the first active substance of the positive electrode sheet. Inert substances are chemically inert and thus influence the discharge capacity of the active substance.
Illustratively, the third active material of the positive electrode plate is not added with an inert material, that is, the mass ratio of the inert material added in the third active material of the positive electrode plate is 0. And a small amount or a proper amount of inert substances are added into the first active substance of the positive pole piece.
The inert substances include, but are not limited to: some inert additives. Exemplary low, inert additives include, but are not limited to: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a fluorine-containing sulfamide lithium ion polymer, and the like.
In some embodiments, the mass content of the inert material added to the first active material of the positive electrode sheet ranges from 0 to 0.1. Preferably, the concentration is between 0.005 and 0.1, and more preferably between 0.02 and 0.08, although this is merely an example, and the specific implementation is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the properties of the second active material of the positive electrode sheet and the first active material of the positive electrode sheet comprise at least one of the following relationships:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is greater than the powder resistance of the first active material;
the mass ratio of the inert substances added into the second active substance is larger than that of the inert substances added into the first active substance.
By setting the above attribute relationship between the first active material of the positive electrode sheet and the second active material of the positive electrode sheet, the kinetic energy of lithium in the second type coating region 13 can be reduced, thereby reducing the precipitation of lithium ions.
The inert substances include, but are not limited to: some inert additives. Exemplary low, inert additives include, but are not limited to: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a fluorine-containing sulfamide lithium ion polymer, and the like.
If the inert substance is added into the second active substance of the positive electrode plate, the mass proportion of the inert substance can be 0.5-10%, and preferably, the proportion of the inert substance can be 2-8%.
The embodiment of the application provides a structure of a positive pole piece, the positive pole piece adopts a partition coating design, the central area of the pole piece is a first type coating area 12, two sides of the pole piece are second type coating areas 13, an active substance of the first type coating area 12 is a first active substance, an active substance of the second type coating area 13 is a second active substance, the width of the first coating area is W3, the width of the second coating area close to a pole ear side is W1, and the width far away from the pole ear side is W2;
in the positive pole piece, the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance is less than that of the second active substance;
in the positive electrode piece, the gram volume exertion of the first active material is Cap1, and the gram volume exertion of the second active material is Cap 2; the width of the coating region at the edge of the positive electrode is related to the ratio between the two active materials.
The ratio may specifically meet at least one of the following requirements:
2%, (W1+ W2+ W3) or more and 40% or less (W2+ W3) or less and (W1+ W2+ W3) of the width of the second type coating zone 13;
preferably, 5% by weight of Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ width of second type of coating zone 13 (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% by weight of Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3);
considering the difference in the degree of thinning of the positive electrode tab and the base region, the width relationships of W1 and W2 are as follows: w2 is more than or equal to W1 and less than or equal to 3W 1; preferably, W1 ≦ W2 ≦ 2W 1.
In the positive electrode piece, the lithium ion solid-phase diffusion coefficient D1 of the first active material is more than or equal to the lithium ion solid-phase diffusion coefficient D2 of the second active material.
In the positive pole piece, the thickness of the pole piece after cold pressing in the second coating area is less than or equal to that of the pole piece after cold pressing in the first coating area.
The powder resistance of the second active material of the positive pole piece is greater than or equal to that of the first active material.
In one embodiment, the positive electrode sheet may be a double layer coating design, wherein the upper layer is coated (the third type of coating region 14 on the side far away from the positive electrode current collector), and the coating weight of the third type of coating region 14 is greater than or equal to zero.
In one embodiment, the active material of the third coating region 14 of the positive electrode sheet is a third active material, and the third active material may be the same as or different from the second active material;
in one embodiment, the third active material of the positive electrode sheet can be any positive electrode active material, and preferably, the compacted density of the third active material is less than or equal to that of the first active material.
In one embodiment, the third active material of the positive electrode sheet may be any positive electrode active material, and preferably, the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is better than the lithium ion diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
in one embodiment, the ratio of the coating thickness of the third active material to the coating thickness of the first active material of the positive electrode sheet is 2: 8-8: 2.
in one embodiment, the gram capacity exertion of the third active material is equal to or less than the gram capacity exertion of the first active material.
As shown in fig. 2B, the third type of coating region 14 of the negative electrode tab is covered by the first type of coating region 12 and the second type of coating region 13 of the negative electrode tab; wherein the lithium insertion capacity of the third type of coating region 14 is less than or equal to the lithium insertion capacity of the first type of coating region 12.
Illustratively, to achieve a lithium insertion capacity of the third type of coating region 14 that is less than or equal to that of the first type of coating region 12, the properties of the third active material of the negative electrode sheet and the first active material of the negative electrode sheet comprise at least one of the following relationships:
the compacted density of the third active material is greater than or equal to the compacted density of the first active material;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is less than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the third active substance is greater than or equal to the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the powder resistance of the third active material is greater than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material.
Illustratively, the properties of the second active material of the negative electrode sheet and the first active material of the negative electrode sheet include at least one of the following relationships:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the second active material has a lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient greater than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is larger than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is smaller than the powder resistance of the first active material;
the mass ratio of the inert substance added in the second active substance is smaller than the weight ratio of the inert substance added in the first active substance.
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment provides an electrode assembly 40 including:
the pole piece structure provided by any of the preceding embodiments.
The electrode assembly 10 includes a positive electrode tab 21 and a negative electrode tab 22, which are oppositely disposed.
In the disclosed embodiment, one or both of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab in the electrode assembly 40 are the tab structures provided in any of the foregoing embodiments.
In one embodiment, the pole piece structure 10 is a positive pole piece, and the electrode assembly 40 may further include: the related art does not divide the negative pole piece of the first type coating area and the second type coating area;
in another embodiment, the pole piece structure 10 is a negative pole piece, and the electrode assembly 40 may further include: the positive pole piece of the first type coating area and the second type coating area are not divided in the related art.
In yet another embodiment, the electrode assembly 40 includes a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab that are part of the aforementioned tab structure 10. If the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are both of the pole piece structures provided by the embodiment of the application.
The electrode assembly 40 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be: a wound structure or a stacked structure.
The positive electrode plate 21 and the negative electrode plate 22 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure are disposed opposite to each other (i.e., facing each other). A diaphragm 30 can be arranged between the positive pole piece 21 and the negative pole piece 22. The separator 30 is used to separate the positive electrode tab 21 and the negative electrode tab 22, and the separator 30 further has a minute aperture to allow lithium ions in the electrode assembly 40 to pass through, thereby allowing the electrode assembly 40 to be charged and discharged.
The material of the separator 30 includes, but is not limited to, PP or PE.
One of the electrode assemblies 40 includes: n positive electrode tabs 21 and N negative electrode tabs 22. And N is any positive integer. If N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the positive electrode tab 21 and the negative electrode tab 22 are alternately stacked.
In the electrode assembly 40, the positive electrode plate 21 and the negative electrode plate 22 are arranged in the special coating area provided by the embodiment of the application, so that the lithium removal phenomenon is less.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery cell 50 including:
a housing 41 having an accommodation chamber 42;
any of the foregoing embodiments provides an electrode assembly 40 located in the receiving cavity 42.
The battery cell 50 may include one or more of the electrode assemblies 30 provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. The electrode assemblies 30 are located in a receiving cavity 42 formed by the housing 41.
The battery cell 50 may include one or more of the electrode assemblies 30.
After the electrode assembly 30 is placed in the receiving chamber 42, an electrolyte is injected into the receiving chamber 42.
The opening into which the electrolyte is injected is sealed after the injection of the electrolyte, so that the electrode assembly 30 and the electrolyte are charged and discharged in the sealed space.
The electrolyte plays a role in conducting ions between the pole piece and the negative pole piece. The kind of the electrolyte is not particularly limited and may be selected as desired. For example, the electrolyte may be liquid, gel, or all solid.
In some embodiments, the electrolyte is an electrolytic solution. The electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.
In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may comprise: at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis fluorosulfonylimide, lithium bis trifluoromethanesulfonylimide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate and lithium tetrafluorooxalato phosphate, but not limited to any of the above.
In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1, 4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethylsulfone, methylethylsulfone, and diethylsulfone.
In some embodiments, the electrolyte further optionally includes an additive. For example, the additives may include a negative electrode film-forming additive, a positive electrode film-forming additive, and may further include additives capable of improving certain properties of the battery, such as an additive for improving overcharge properties of the battery, an additive for improving high-temperature or low-temperature properties of the battery, and the like.
The electrode assembly 30 may have a cylindrical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape. That is, the housing 41 may be a cylindrical housing or a rectangular housing.
The battery cell 50 may further include: the positive terminal is electrically connected with a tab, and the negative tab is connected with the negative terminal. The positive and negative terminals are located at different positions of the battery cell 50. The convenient electricity utilization module is respectively connected with the positive terminal and the negative terminal.
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a battery, including:
a box body;
the battery cell 50 provided in any of the above embodiments is housed in the case.
The battery cell comprises the electrode cell, and the battery comprises one or more battery cells.
The single battery body of the battery uses the pole piece structure provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, so that the battery has the characteristics of less lithium removal phenomenon and/or strong discharge capacity.
The box includes box and lower box, and the box is located down enough covers to last box to form and be used for holding the free enclosure space of one or more battery. The plurality of battery cells may be arranged in the battery box in any manner.
The battery provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can be a secondary battery, and the secondary battery can be charged and discharged circularly.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electric device, including:
a battery provided by any of the foregoing technical solutions;
a power consuming component electrically connected with the battery.
The electric device includes but is not limited to: the system comprises electric vehicles, electric intelligent household equipment and/or electric intelligent office equipment and/or mobile terminals.
Such electric vehicles include, but are not limited to: the electric vehicle, the electric motorcycle, the electric balance car or the electric monocycle and the like are not directly connected with a mains supply power supply line. For example, the electric vehicle may be further classified into: pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, and the like.
Fig. 7 is an electric vehicle including a battery.
The battery is electrically connected to the power consuming components so that power can be supplied to the power consuming components.
The electric smart home devices include but are not limited to: a floor cleaning robot or an object-carrying automatic robot. The carrier robots include, but are not limited to: a mobile vending machine or carrier, etc.
The power consuming components include, but are not limited to: an engine for an electrically charged vehicle.
The electric equipment comprises a mobile phone, a notebook computer and the like.
In some embodiments, the powered device may further be: electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
The present application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and embodiments having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea and exhibiting the same operation and effect within the technical scope of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art are applied to the embodiments and other embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application, in which some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are combined and constructed, without departing from the scope of the present application.
Claims (18)
1. A pole piece structure, comprising:
a current collector;
the first type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a first active substance;
the second type of coating area is coated on the surface of the current collector and is provided with a second active substance;
if the pole piece structure is a positive pole piece, the lithium removing capacity of the second active material is weaker than that of the first active material; if the pole piece structure is a negative pole piece, the lithium intercalation capacity of the second active material is stronger than that of the first active material;
in the first direction, two coating zones of the second type are distributed at both ends of the coating zones of the first type.
2. The pole piece structure of claim 1, wherein the current collector comprises: a tab;
the second type of coating zone comprises: a first coating zone and a second coating zone; in the first direction, the first-type coating zone is located between the first coating zone and the second coating zone;
the distance between the tabs in the first coating area is smaller than that between the tabs in the second coating area;
the first coating zone has a first width W1 in the first direction, the second coating zone has a second width W2 in the first direction; w1 is not less than W2.
3. The pole piece structure of claim 2,
W1<W2≤3W1。
4. the pole piece structure of claim 3,
W1<W2≤2W1。
5. the pole piece structure of claim 2 wherein the first type of coating zone has a third width W3 in the first direction;
wherein, the ratio of (W1+ W2)/(W1+ W2+ W3) is preset.
6. The pole piece structure of claim 5, wherein the predetermined ratio is:
2％*(W1+W2+W3)≤(W1+W2)≤40％*(W1+W2+W3)。
7. the pole piece structure of claim 5, wherein the predetermined ratio is:
5％*(W1+W2+W3)≤(W1+W2)≤20％*(W1+W2+W3)
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
5% Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3) ≦ (W1+ W2) ≦ 20% Cap2/Cap1 (W1+ W2+ W3), wherein the Cap2 exerts the gram volume of the second active substance; the Cap1 is the gram volume exertion of the first active substance.
8. The pole piece structure of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
a third type of coating zone having a third active material disposed in a layered relationship with the first type of coating zone and the second type of coating zone.
9. The pole piece structure of claim 8, wherein the third type of coating area of the positive pole piece overlies the first type of coating area and the second type of coating area of the positive pole piece;
the lithium removing capacity of the third type coating area of the positive pole piece is stronger than or equal to the lithium removing capacity of the first type coating area of the positive pole piece.
10. The pole piece structure of claim 9,
the third active material of the positive pole piece and the attribute of the first active material of the positive pole piece comprise at least one of the following relations:
the compacted density of the third active material is less than or equal to the compacted density of the first active material;
the coating thickness of the third active material is less than or equal to the coating thickness of the first active material;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is greater than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the third active substance is less than or equal to the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the powder resistance of the third active material is less than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material.
11. The pole piece structure of claim 8, wherein a third type of coating area of the negative pole piece is covered by the first type of coating area and the second type of coating area of the negative pole piece; wherein the lithium insertion capacity of the third type of coating region is less than or equal to the lithium insertion capacity of the first type of coating region.
12. The pole piece structure of claim 11, wherein the properties of the third active material of the negative pole piece and the first active material of the negative pole piece comprise at least one of the following relationships:
the compacted density of the third active material is greater than or equal to the compacted density of the first active material;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the third active material is less than or equal to the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the first active material;
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the third active substance is greater than or equal to the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the powder resistance of the third active material is greater than or equal to the powder resistance of the first active material.
13. The pole piece structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the properties of the second active material of the positive pole piece and the first active material of the positive pole piece comprise at least one of the following relationships:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is smaller than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is greater than the powder resistance of the first active material.
14. The pole piece structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the properties of the second active material of the negative pole piece and the first active material of the negative pole piece comprise at least one of the following relationships:
(ii) the gram capacity exertion of the second active substance is greater than the gram capacity exertion of the first active substance;
the second active material has a lithium ion solid phase diffusion coefficient greater than that of the first active material;
the cold-pressed thickness of the second active material is larger than that of the first active material;
the powder resistance of the second active material is smaller than the powder resistance of the first active material.
15. An electrode assembly, comprising:
a pole piece structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.
16. A battery cell, comprising:
a housing having an accommodating chamber;
the battery cell of claim 15, located within the receiving cavity.
17. A battery, comprising:
a box body;
the battery cell of claim 16, housed within the case.
18. An electrical device, comprising:
the battery of claim 17;
a power consuming component electrically connected with the battery.
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| CN202122355279.3U CN216389429U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer |
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| CN202122355279.3U CN216389429U (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | Pole piece structure, electrode subassembly, battery monomer, battery and consumer |
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