CN216374905U - Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy - Google Patents
Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy Download PDFInfo
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- CN216374905U CN216374905U CN202122223889.8U CN202122223889U CN216374905U CN 216374905 U CN216374905 U CN 216374905U CN 202122223889 U CN202122223889 U CN 202122223889U CN 216374905 U CN216374905 U CN 216374905U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and a marine communication relay buoy, wherein the control system comprises: a power supply unit comprising: a battery pack; the solar charging and discharging controller is connected with the battery pack; the solar charging and discharging controller comprises at least one solar cell panel, wherein a protection circuit is connected between each solar cell panel and the solar charging and discharging controller; the main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller; the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and is communicated with the main control unit; the iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is in communication connection with the main control unit; the data transmission station is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit; and the GPS module is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit. The relay buoy comprises the control system. The utility model realizes the long-time continuous and stable work of the marine communication relay buoy and saves the laying and recycling cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine instruments, relates to a communication relay buoy control technology, and particularly relates to a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and the marine communication relay buoy.
Background
The communication relay buoy is used as a communication relay between the water surface control node and the underwater information node, mainly completes data transmission and instruction relay between the water surface control node and the underwater information node, and can also expand the communication distance. Although the traditional marine communication relay buoy can realize communication relay, the following defects exist:
(1) the traditional offshore communication relay buoy has a single control mode, is difficult to configure after being laid and has low flexibility.
(2) Although the traditional offshore communication relay buoy carries a simple battery charging and discharging circuit, the traditional offshore communication relay buoy well pays attention to the protection of a solar cell panel and a post-stage electric device, and the reliability is poor.
(3) The traditional control system of the marine communication relay buoy has simple functions, can only realize simple relay transmission, does not judge and process received data, cannot distinguish error information generated in the transmission process, and has poor applicability.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a control system for a marine communication relay buoy and the marine communication relay buoy, aiming at the problems of poor reliability and the like in the prior art, and the control system can solve the problems of low flexibility, poor reliability and poor applicability of the traditional marine communication relay buoy control system, realize long-time continuous and stable work of the marine communication relay buoy and save the deployment and recovery cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control system for a maritime communication relay buoy, comprising:
a power supply unit comprising:
a battery pack;
the solar charging and discharging controller is connected with the battery pack;
the solar charging and discharging controller comprises at least one solar cell panel, wherein a protection circuit is connected between each solar cell panel and the solar charging and discharging controller;
the main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
the iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is in communication connection with the main control unit;
the data transmission station is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
and the GPS module is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit.
Further, still include power conversion module, power conversion module connects between solar charging and discharging controller and main control unit, warm and humid pressure sensor, iridium satellite communication terminal, data transfer radio, GPS module, power conversion module includes the first power conversion module who changes the voltage that solar charging and discharging controller output into stable 12V voltage and give main control unit, iridium satellite communication terminal, data transfer radio power supply and change the voltage that solar charging and discharging controller output into stable 5V voltage and give the second power conversion module that warm and humid pressure sensor and GPS module power supply.
Further, still include the regulator unit, the regulator unit includes:
the slow start and surge suppression circuit is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
and the input of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is connected with the slow start and surge suppression circuit, and the output of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is connected with the power supply conversion module.
Preferably, the protection circuit includes:
an access connector JP1 connected to the solar panel;
a thermistor NTC1 connected in series with the access connector;
one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is grounded, and the other end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with the thermistor;
a transient suppression diode TVS1, the input of which is connected to the output of the varistor Mov 1;
the input of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit is connected with the output of the transient suppression diode TVS 1;
and the input of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit.
Further, the protection circuit further comprises a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 and the thermistor NTC1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with the output end of the parallel circuit.
Preferably, the reverse connection prevention protection circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator tube Z1 and an RC circuit formed by connecting the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1, and the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected with the resistor R2 in parallel; the capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1.
Preferably, the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a triode Q2, a diode D2, a voltage division circuit formed by connecting a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator tube Z2 and a capacitor C3; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4.
Preferably, when the solar cell panels are provided with even number of solar cell panels, every two solar cell panels are in one group, and the two solar cell panels in each group are installed in parallel; when the solar cell panel is provided with the odd number piece, when the solar cell panel is 3 and above, choose arbitrary one to be a set of, among other solar cell panels, per two are a set of, and two solar cell panels in every group connect the installation setting in parallel.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a marine communication relay buoy, including a sealed cabin and a control system, wherein the control system includes:
a power supply unit comprising:
the battery pack is arranged in the sealed cabin;
the solar charging and discharging controller is arranged in the sealed cabin and connected with the battery pack;
the solar panel is arranged outside the sealed cabin, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charging and discharging controller;
the main control unit is arranged in the sealed cabin and is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
the iridium communication terminal is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is in communication connection with the main control unit, and an antenna of the iridium communication terminal is arranged outside the sealed cabin;
the data transmission radio station is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit, and an antenna of the data transmission radio station is arranged outside the sealed cabin;
and the GPS module is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit, and an antenna of the GPS module is arranged outside the sealed cabin.
Preferably, the control system further comprises a power conversion module installed in the sealed cabin, the power conversion module is connected between the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the data transmission station and the GPS module, and the power conversion module comprises a first power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into stable 12V voltage to supply power to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal and the data transmission station and a second power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into stable 5V voltage to supply power to the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the GPS module.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
the power supply unit adopts at least one solar cell panel, and before the solar cell panel is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller, the solar cell panel is firstly connected with a protection circuit, so that the normal work of the solar cell panel is ensured, the reliability of the power supply unit is improved, when the solar energy is converted into the electric energy to be stored in a battery pack or directly supplied with power, the on-site working time of the relay buoy can be prolonged, the expenses of salvaging and laying are saved, the problem that the traditional offshore communication relay buoy control system is poor in reliability and applicability is solved, and the flexibility of the control system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a control system for a maritime communication relay buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reverse connection protection circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit according to the embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power conversion module according to an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a structure of a relay buoy for offshore communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an installation of a relay buoy for marine communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the solar charging and discharging control system comprises a battery pack 1, a battery pack 2, a solar charging and discharging controller 3, a solar panel 4, a protection circuit 5, a main control unit 6, a temperature and humidity pressure sensor 7, an iridium satellite communication terminal 8, a data transmission radio station 9, a GPS module 10, a slow start and surge suppression circuit 11, a DC/DC voltage stabilizer 12, a switch 13, an antenna 14 and a sealed cabin.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a maritime communication relay buoy, including:
a power supply unit comprising:
a battery 1;
the solar charging and discharging controller 2 is connected with the battery pack 2;
the two solar cell panels 3 are oppositely arranged in parallel, and a protection circuit 4 is connected between each solar cell panel and the solar charging and discharging controller 2;
the main control unit 5 is electrically connected with the solar charge-discharge controller 2;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor 6 is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2 and is communicated with the main control unit 5;
the iridium communication terminal 7 is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2 and is in communication connection with the main control unit 5;
the data transmission station 8 is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2 and is communicated with the main control unit 5;
and the GPS module 9 is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2 and is communicated with the main control unit 5.
Because two solar cell panels adopt parallel opposite installation, the voltage of one solar cell panel may be higher than the other, there is pressure difference, damage the solar cell panel with lower voltage, the service life of the solar cell panel is reduced, the on-site working time of the relay buoy is shortened, therefore, in the embodiment, before the two solar cell panels are connected in parallel, a protection circuit is added for each solar cell panel, the normal work of the two solar cell panels is ensured, and then the solar cell panels are connected to a solar charging and discharging controller, the maximum power point of the solar cell panels can be automatically adjusted, according to the current required by the load, the power supply mode is dynamically adjusted in real time, if the load is lighter, the solar cell panel supplies power for the rear end load, and if the load becomes larger, the battery pack is switched to supply power for the rear end load.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the protection circuit includes:
an access connector JP1 connected to the solar panel;
a thermistor NTC1 connected in series with the access connector;
one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is grounded, and the other end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with the thermistor;
a transient suppression diode TVS1, the input of which is connected to the output of the varistor Mov 1;
the input of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit is connected with the output of the transient suppression diode TVS 1;
and the input of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit.
The solar cell panel is connected to the protection circuit firstly, is connected in through a connection connector JP1, then inhibits surge current through a thermistor NTC1, performs first-stage overvoltage protection through a piezoresistor Mov1, achieves electrostatic protection through a transient suppression diode TVS1, and finally is supplied to the solar charging and discharging controller through an anti-reverse connection protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit.
It should be noted that, when the solar panel is connected, a large inrush current may be generated, and if the inrush current is not suppressed, the subsequent electric equipment may be damaged, and at this time, the thermistor NTC1 is added, so that the inrush current may be limited to less than 10A. However, the thermistor NTC1 consumes a large amount of active power, generates heat seriously, and affects the service life. In order to prolong the service life of the thermistor NTC1, in a preferred embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, the protection circuit further comprises a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 is connected in parallel with the thermistor NTC1 to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the varistor Mov1 is connected to the output of the parallel circuit. The thermistor NTC1 is short-circuited through the relay KEY1, and most of current is transmitted to the later-stage electric equipment through the relay KEY1, so that system loss is reduced.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the reverse connection prevention protection circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator tube Z1, and an RC circuit formed by connecting a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1, and the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected with the resistor R2 in parallel; the capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1. After the control system is normally powered on and operated, the diode D2 is cut off, the g pole (grid) of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of a power supply through the resistor R2, Vgs > Vgs (th) of the MOS tube Q1 is the starting voltage of the g pole and the s pole, the D pole (drain) and the s pole (source) of the MOS tube Q1 are conducted, and the control system is normally operated. When the input power supply is reversely connected, the g pole (grid) of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the resistor R2, Vgs of the MOS tube Q1 is less than Vgs (th), and the MOS tube Q1 is immediately cut off to protect the later-stage electric equipment.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit formed by connecting a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator tube Z2, and a capacitor C3; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4. Since the diode D2 has a conduction voltage of about 0.6V and the b-e gap conduction voltage of the transistor Q2 is about 0.6V, the voltage across the resistor R4 needs to be higher than 1.2V to make the transistor Q2 conductive. After the control system is normally powered on, the voltage of the two ends of the resistor R4 is maintained at about 1V by dividing the voltage of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, at the moment, the triode Q2 is cut off, and the protection circuit does not act. When the control system has overvoltage, the voltage at two ends of the resistor R4 exceeds 1.2V, the b-e electrode of the triode Q2 is conducted, then the c-e electrode is driven to be conducted, the voltage at one side of the resistor R2 is pulled to be about 0V, the g electrode (grid electrode) of the MOS tube Q1 connected with the resistor R is pulled to be about 0V, Vgs < Vgs (th) of the MOS tube Q1 at the moment (Vgs (th) is the starting voltage of the g electrode and the s electrode), the MOS tube Q1 is immediately turned off, a power supply path is cut off, and the rear-stage electric equipment is protected.
The control system further comprises a power supply conversion module, the power supply conversion module is connected between the DC/DC voltage stabilizer and the main control unit, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the data transmission radio station and the GPS module, and the power supply conversion module comprises a first power supply conversion module which converts the voltage output by the DC/DC voltage stabilizer into stable 12V voltage and supplies power to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal and the data transmission radio station and a second power supply conversion module which converts the voltage output by the DC/DC voltage stabilizer into stable 5V voltage and supplies power to the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the GPS module. The power conversion module converts the voltage changed by the battery pack or the solar panel into stable 12V voltage and 5V voltage, and supplies the stable voltage to the back-end equipment for use. Referring to fig. 5, among the power conversion modules, the first power conversion module adopts the existing mature commercial product, product model: WCHD100-12S12M builds front and back stage matching circuit, including input capacitance C _ MO1 and input capacitance C _ MO2, transient suppression diode TVS3, output capacitance C _ MOS3, transient suppression diodes TVS 4-TVS 6. The second power conversion module is also a mature commercial product, and the circuit structure is similar to that of the first power conversion module, which is not described herein again.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the control system further includes a voltage stabilization unit, the voltage stabilization unit including:
the slow start and surge suppression circuit 10 is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2;
and the input of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer 11 is connected with the slow start and surge suppression circuit 10, and the output of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is connected with the power conversion module.
Due to the capacitive load of the power conversion module, the peak surge current is very large at the moment of starting, can reach 50-100A instantaneously, and the rear-end electric equipment is easy to damage. In order to ensure the normal work of the post-stage electric equipment, the voltage stabilizing unit is added, and the peak surge current is reduced by slow start and delayed electrification of a surge suppression circuit. In this embodiment, both the soft start and surge suppression circuit and the DC/DC regulator are already commercially available products.
According to the control system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, two solar cell panels are adopted, and before the solar cell panels are connected with the solar charging and discharging controller, the solar cell panels are firstly connected with a protection circuit, so that the normal work of the solar cell panels is ensured, the reliability of a power supply unit is improved, when solar energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in a battery pack or directly supplied with power, the in-situ working time of the relay buoy can be prolonged, the expenses of salvaging and laying are saved, the problem that the traditional offshore communication relay buoy control system is poor in reliability and applicability is solved, and the flexibility of the control system is improved.
Example 2: the embodiment of the utility model provides a marine communication relay buoy, which comprises a sealed cabin 14 and a control system, wherein the control system comprises:
a power supply unit comprising:
a battery pack 1 mounted in the sealed compartment 14;
the solar charging and discharging controller 2 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14 and is connected with the battery pack 1;
the solar energy charging and discharging control system comprises two solar cell panels 3, wherein the two solar cell panels 3 are connected in parallel and oppositely arranged outside a sealed cabin 14, and a protection circuit 4 is connected between each solar cell panel 3 and a solar charging and discharging controller 2;
the main control unit 5 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14 and is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor 6 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2, and is communicated with the main control unit 5;
the iridium communication terminal 7 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2, and is communicated with the main control unit 5, and an antenna 13 of the iridium communication terminal 7 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14;
the data transmission radio station 8 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2 and is communicated with the main control unit 5, and an antenna 13 of the data transmission radio station 8 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14;
the GPS module 9 is arranged in the sealed cabin 14, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 2 and is communicated with the main control unit 5, and an antenna 13 of the GPS module 9 is arranged outside the sealed cabin 14.
Because two solar cell panels adopt parallel opposite installation, the voltage of one solar cell panel may be higher than the other, there is pressure difference, damage the solar cell panel with lower voltage, the service life of the solar cell panel is reduced, the on-site working time of the relay buoy is shortened, therefore, in the embodiment, before the two solar cell panels are connected in parallel, a protection circuit is added for each solar cell panel, the normal work of the two solar cell panels is ensured, and then the solar cell panels are connected to a solar charging and discharging controller, the maximum power point of the solar cell panels can be automatically adjusted, according to the current required by the load, the power supply mode is dynamically adjusted in real time, if the load is lighter, the solar cell panel supplies power for the rear end load, and if the load becomes larger, the battery pack is switched to supply power for the rear end load.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the protection circuit includes:
an access connector JP1 connected to the solar panel;
a thermistor NTC1 connected in series with the access connector;
one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is grounded, and the other end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with the thermistor;
a transient suppression diode TVS1, the input of which is connected to the output of the varistor Mov 1;
the input of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit is connected with the output of the transient suppression diode TVS 1;
and the input of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit.
The solar cell panel is connected to the protection circuit firstly, is connected in through a connection connector JP1, then inhibits surge current through a thermistor NTC1, performs first-stage overvoltage protection through a piezoresistor Mov1, achieves electrostatic protection through a transient suppression diode TVS1, and finally is supplied to the solar charging and discharging controller through an anti-reverse connection protection circuit and an overvoltage protection circuit.
It should be noted that, when the solar panel is connected, a large inrush current may be generated, and if the inrush current is not suppressed, the subsequent electric equipment may be damaged, and at this time, the thermistor NTC1 is added, so that the inrush current may be limited to less than 10A. However, the thermistor NTC1 consumes a large amount of active power, generates heat seriously, and affects the service life. In order to prolong the service life of the thermistor NTC1, in a preferred embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 3, the protection circuit further comprises a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 is connected in parallel with the thermistor NTC1 to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the varistor Mov1 is connected to the output of the parallel circuit. The thermistor NTC1 is short-circuited through the relay KEY1, and most of current is transmitted to the later-stage electric equipment through the relay KEY1, so that system loss is reduced.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the reverse connection prevention protection circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator tube Z1, and an RC circuit formed by connecting a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1, and the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected with the resistor R2 in parallel; the capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1. After the control system is normally powered on and operated, the diode D2 is cut off, the g pole (grid) of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the positive pole of a power supply through the resistor R2, Vgs > Vgs (th) of the MOS tube Q1 is the starting voltage of the g pole and the s pole, the D pole (drain) and the s pole (source) of the MOS tube Q1 are conducted, and the control system is normally operated. When the input power supply is reversely connected, the g pole (grid) of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the resistor R2, Vgs of the MOS tube Q1 is less than Vgs (th), and the MOS tube Q1 is immediately cut off to protect the later-stage electric equipment.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the overvoltage protection circuit includes a transistor Q2, a diode D2, a voltage divider circuit formed by connecting a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator tube Z2, and a capacitor C3; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4. Since the diode D2 has a conduction voltage of about 0.6V and the b-e gap conduction voltage of the transistor Q2 is about 0.6V, the voltage across the resistor R4 needs to be higher than 1.2V to make the transistor Q2 conductive. After the control system is normally powered on, the voltage of the two ends of the resistor R4 is maintained at about 1V by dividing the voltage of the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, at the moment, the triode Q2 is cut off, and the protection circuit does not act. When the control system has overvoltage, the voltage at two ends of the resistor R4 exceeds 1.2V, the b-e electrode of the triode Q2 is conducted, then the c-e electrode is driven to be conducted, the voltage at one side of the resistor R2 is pulled to be about 0V, the g electrode (grid electrode) of the MOS tube Q1 connected with the resistor R is pulled to be about 0V, Vgs < Vgs (th) of the MOS tube Q1 at the moment (Vgs (th) is the starting voltage of the g electrode and the s electrode), the MOS tube Q1 is immediately turned off, a power supply path is cut off, and the rear-stage electric equipment is protected.
The control system further comprises a power supply conversion module, the power supply conversion module is connected between the solar charging and discharging controller and the main control unit, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the data transmission station and the GPS module, and the power supply conversion module comprises a first power supply conversion module and a second power supply conversion module, wherein the first power supply conversion module is used for converting the voltage output by the solar charging and discharging controller into stable 12V voltage and supplying power to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal and the data transmission station, and the second power supply conversion module is used for converting the voltage output by the solar charging and discharging controller into stable 5V voltage and supplying power to the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the GPS module. The power conversion module converts the voltage changed by the battery pack or the solar panel into stable 12V voltage and 5V voltage, and supplies the stable voltage to the back-end equipment for use. Referring to fig. 5, among the power conversion modules, the first power conversion module adopts the existing mature commercial product, product model: WCHD100-12S12M builds front and back stage matching circuit, including input capacitance C _ MO1 and input capacitance C _ MO2, transient suppression diode TVS3, output capacitance C _ MOS3, transient suppression diodes TVS 4-TVS 6. The second power conversion module is also a mature commercial product, and the circuit structure is similar to that of the first power conversion module, which is not described herein again.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, the control system further includes a pressure stabilizing unit installed in the capsule, the pressure stabilizing unit including:
the slow start and surge suppression circuit 10 is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller 2;
and the input of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer 11 is connected with the slow start and surge suppression circuit 10, and the output of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is respectively connected with the main control unit 5, the temperature and humidity sensor 6, the iridium communication terminal 7, the data transmission radio station 8 and the GPS module 9.
Due to the capacitive load of the power conversion module, the peak surge current is very large at the moment of starting, can reach 50-100A instantaneously, and the rear-end electric equipment is easy to damage. In order to ensure the normal work of the post-stage electric equipment, the voltage stabilizing unit is added, and the peak surge current is reduced by slow start and delayed electrification of a surge suppression circuit. In this embodiment, both the soft start and surge suppression circuit and the DC/DC regulator are already commercially available products.
According to the relay buoy disclosed by the embodiment of the utility model, the control system adopts two solar cell panels, and before the solar cell panels are connected with the solar charging and discharging controller, the solar cell panels are firstly connected with the protection circuit, so that the normal work of the solar cell panels is ensured, the reliability of a power supply unit is improved, when solar energy is converted into electric energy to be stored in a battery pack or directly supplied with power, the on-site working time of the relay buoy can be prolonged, the expenses of salvaging and laying are saved, the problem that the traditional marine communication relay buoy control system is poor in reliability and applicability is solved, and the flexibility of the control system is improved.
In the control system and the relay buoy according to the above embodiments, the number of the solar panels is not limited to 2, may be one, may be three or more, and is specifically designed according to actual requirements. It should be noted that when the solar cell panels are provided with even number of solar cell panels, every two solar cell panels are in a group, and the two solar cell panels in each group are installed in parallel; when the solar cell panel is provided with the odd number piece, when the solar cell panel is 3 and above, choose arbitrary one to be a set of, among other solar cell panels, per two are a set of, and two solar cell panels in every group connect the installation setting in parallel.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the utility model, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are possible within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A control system for a maritime communication repeater buoy, comprising:
a power supply unit comprising:
a battery pack;
the solar charging and discharging controller is connected with the battery pack;
the solar charging and discharging controller comprises at least one solar cell panel, wherein a protection circuit is connected between each solar cell panel and the solar charging and discharging controller;
the main control unit is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
the iridium communication terminal is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is in communication connection with the main control unit;
the data transmission station is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
and the GPS module is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit.
2. The control system for the maritime communication relay buoy of claim 1, further comprising a power conversion module connected between the solar charging and discharging controller and the main control unit, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the data transmission station and the GPS module, wherein the power conversion module comprises a first power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charging and discharging controller into a stable 12V voltage to supply to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal and the data transmission station, and a second power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charging and discharging controller into a stable 5V voltage to supply to the temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the GPS module.
3. The control system for a maritime communication relay buoy according to claim 2, further comprising a pressure stabilizing unit, the pressure stabilizing unit comprising:
the slow start and surge suppression circuit is connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
and the input of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is connected with the slow start and surge suppression circuit, and the output of the DC/DC voltage stabilizer is connected with the power supply conversion module.
4. The control system for a maritime communication relay buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the protection circuit comprises:
an access connector JP1 connected to the solar panel;
a thermistor NTC1 connected in series with the access connector;
one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is grounded, and the other end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with the thermistor;
a transient suppression diode TVS1, the input of which is connected to the output of the varistor Mov 1;
the input of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit is connected with the output of the transient suppression diode TVS 1;
and the input of the overvoltage protection circuit is connected with the output of the reverse connection prevention protection circuit.
5. The control system for the maritime communication relay buoy according to claim 4, wherein the protection circuit further comprises a relay KEY1, the relay KEY1 is connected in parallel with a thermistor NTC1 to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the piezoresistor Mov1 is connected with an output end of the parallel circuit.
6. The control system for the maritime communication relay buoy according to claim 4, wherein the reverse connection prevention protection circuit comprises a MOS tube Q1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, a voltage regulator tube Z1 and an RC circuit formed by connecting the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 in series; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1; the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the other end of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1, and the anode of the voltage-regulator tube Z1 is grounded; the capacitor C2 is connected with the resistor R2 in parallel; the capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the MOS transistor Q1, and the resistor R1 is connected with the source of the MOS transistor Q1.
7. The control system for the maritime communication relay buoy according to claim 6, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a triode Q2, a diode D2, a voltage division circuit formed by connecting a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 in series, a voltage regulator tube Z2 and a capacitor C3; the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the negative electrode of the diode D2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, and the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R2 and the voltage-regulator tube Z1; the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4; the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R2, and the resistor R4 is grounded; the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to form a voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor R4.
8. The control system for the maritime communication relay buoy according to claim 1, wherein when the solar panels are provided with even number of blocks, every two blocks are in one group, and the two solar panels in each group are installed in parallel; when the solar cell panel is provided with the odd number piece, when the solar cell panel is 3 and above, choose arbitrary one to be a set of, among other solar cell panels, per two are a set of, and two solar cell panels in every group connect the installation setting in parallel.
9. An offshore communication relay buoy, comprising a capsule and a control system, the control system comprising:
a power supply unit comprising:
the battery pack is arranged in the sealed cabin;
the solar charging and discharging controller is arranged in the sealed cabin and connected with the battery pack;
the solar panel is arranged outside the sealed cabin, and a protection circuit is connected between each solar panel and the solar charging and discharging controller;
the main control unit is arranged in the sealed cabin and is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller;
the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charge and discharge controller and is communicated with the main control unit;
the iridium communication terminal is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is in communication connection with the main control unit, and an antenna of the iridium communication terminal is arranged outside the sealed cabin;
the data transmission radio station is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit, and an antenna of the data transmission radio station is arranged outside the sealed cabin;
and the GPS module is arranged in the sealed cabin, is electrically connected with the solar charging and discharging controller and is communicated with the main control unit, and an antenna of the GPS module is arranged outside the sealed cabin.
10. The maritime communication relay buoy of claim 9, wherein the control system further comprises a power conversion module installed in the sealed cabin, the power conversion module is connected between the solar charge and discharge controller and the main control unit, the wet and warm pressure sensor, the iridium communication terminal, the data transmission station and the GPS module, and the power conversion module comprises a first power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 12V voltage to supply power to the main control unit, the iridium communication terminal and the data transmission station, and a second power conversion module for converting the voltage output by the solar charge and discharge controller into a stable 5V voltage to supply power to the wet and warm pressure sensor and the GPS module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122223889.8U CN216374905U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122223889.8U CN216374905U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216374905U true CN216374905U (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122223889.8U Active CN216374905U (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Control system for offshore communication relay buoy and offshore communication relay buoy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216374905U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-09-14 CN CN202122223889.8U patent/CN216374905U/en active Active
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