CN216354761U - Vehicle-mounted antenna and car - Google Patents
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- CN216354761U CN216354761U CN202123335734.XU CN202123335734U CN216354761U CN 216354761 U CN216354761 U CN 216354761U CN 202123335734 U CN202123335734 U CN 202123335734U CN 216354761 U CN216354761 U CN 216354761U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及车用天线技术领域，特别涉及一种车载天线及汽车。The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle antennas, in particular to a vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
由于5G的高速率和低时延特性，使得5G技术在车联网领域的应用越来越普遍。5G多输入多输出(Multi Input Multi Output,MIMO)传输技术在发射端和接收端设有多个天线，从而在不增加带宽的情况下成倍提高系统的数据传输速率和传输质量。Due to the high speed and low latency of 5G, the application of 5G technology in the field of Internet of Vehicles is becoming more and more common. The 5G Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) transmission technology has multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver, thereby multiplying the data transmission rate and transmission quality of the system without increasing the bandwidth.
现有技术中，5G天线的频段覆盖率低，辐射效率低，而且5G-T-BOX天线为了提高数据传输速率和传输质量往往需要4个以上5G天线组。如果按照传统的T-BOX设计技术，5G多天线系统设计在T-BOX内部PCB板上，受PCB尺寸的限制，更多天线集合在T-BOX天线内部，天线组的距离过近，导致天线的隔离度差、辐射效率低。In the prior art, 5G antennas have low frequency band coverage and low radiation efficiency, and 5G-T-BOX antennas often require more than four 5G antenna groups in order to improve the data transmission rate and transmission quality. According to the traditional T-BOX design technology, the 5G multi-antenna system is designed on the internal PCB board of the T-BOX. Due to the limitation of the PCB size, more antennas are assembled inside the T-BOX antenna. The distance between the antenna groups is too close, resulting in antennas The isolation is poor and the radiation efficiency is low.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型实施例提供一种车载天线及汽车，用以解决现有技术中天线内部各种天线组的距离过近，导致天线的隔离度差、辐射效率低的问题。The embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art that the distances of various antenna groups inside the antenna are too close, resulting in poor antenna isolation and low radiation efficiency.
为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用如下技术方案：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种车载天线，包括：A vehicle-mounted antenna, comprising:
天线本体以及用于容置所述天线本体的天线外壳；an antenna body and an antenna casing for accommodating the antenna body;
所述天线本体包括：基板电路板、5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组；The antenna body includes: a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group;
所述5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组通过电路板设置于所述基板电路板的边缘；The 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board;
所述基板电路板上设置有缺陷地结构。Defective structures are provided on the substrate circuit board.
进一步地，所述5G天线组，包括：Further, the 5G antenna group includes:
5G主天线、5G分集天线、第一5G MIMO天线以及第二5G MIMO天线；5G main antenna, 5G diversity antenna, first 5G MIMO antenna and second 5G MIMO antenna;
所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线关于所述GNSS天线组中心对称；The 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are symmetrical about the center of the GNSS antenna group;
所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5G MIMO天线关于所述GNSS天线组中心对称。The first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are symmetrical about the center of the GNSS antenna group.
进一步地，所述5G主天线的频率为700MHz至960MHz以及1710MHz至5000MHz，所述5G分集天线的频率为700MHz至960MHz以及1710MHz至5000MHz；Further, the frequencies of the 5G main antenna are 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the frequencies of the 5G diversity antennas are 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz;
且所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线均为渐变结构。In addition, the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both gradient structures.
进一步地，所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5G MIMO天线均为渐变结构。Further, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are both gradient structures.
进一步地，所述V2X天线组，包括：Further, the V2X antenna group includes:
第一V2X天线和第二V2X天线；a first V2X antenna and a second V2X antenna;
所述GNSS天线组设置于所述基板电路板的中心位置；The GNSS antenna group is arranged at the center of the substrate circuit board;
所述第一V2X天线和所述第二V2X天线关于所述GNSS天线组对称。The first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are symmetrical with respect to the GNSS antenna group.
进一步地，所述第一V2X天线和所述第二V2X天线为偶极子天线；Further, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are dipole antennas;
所述第一V2X天线的天线臂两两连接，且所述第二V2X天线的天线臂两两连接。The antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected in pairs, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected in pairs.
进一步地，所述WIFI天线组，包括：Further, the WIFI antenna group includes:
第一WIFI天线和第二WIFI天线；the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna;
所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线关于所述GNSS天线组对称。The first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are symmetrical with respect to the GNSS antenna group.
进一步地，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线为渐变结构，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线的接地短路。Further, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are of a gradient structure, and the grounds of the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are short-circuited.
进一步地，所述GNSS天线组，包括：Further, the GNSS antenna group includes:
GNSS天线和低噪声放大器；GNSS antenna and low noise amplifier;
所述GNSS天线包括第一频段天线和第二频段天线；The GNSS antenna includes a first frequency band antenna and a second frequency band antenna;
所述第一频段天线和所述第二频段天线通过90度相位耦合电桥连接。The first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna are connected through a 90-degree phase coupling bridge.
本实用新型实施例还提供了一种汽车，包括如上所述的车载天线。The embodiment of the present invention also provides an automobile, including the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted antenna.
本实用新型的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
本实用新型实施例的车载天线包括：天线本体以及用于容置所述天线本体的天线外壳；所述天线本体包括：基板电路板、5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组；将多种功能的天线组集成于一个天线结构中，提高了天线的实用性；所述5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组通过电路板设置于所述基板电路板的边缘；各种天线组设置于所述基板电路板的边缘，增加了各天线组之间的距离，提高了天线的隔离度；并通过在所述基板电路板上设置缺陷地结构，加长了天线接地点上的表面波耦合路径，可以使表面波耦合相互抵消，减小了天线之间的相互干扰，改善了天线的整体性能。The vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna body and an antenna casing for accommodating the antenna body; the antenna body includes: a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group, and a GNSS antenna group ; Integrating antenna groups with multiple functions into one antenna structure improves the practicability of the antenna; the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the substrate circuit board through the circuit board. The various antenna groups are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board, which increases the distance between the antenna groups and improves the isolation of the antennas; and by arranging the defective structure on the substrate circuit board, the antenna is lengthened The surface wave coupling path on the ground point can make the surface wave coupling cancel each other, reduce the mutual interference between the antennas, and improve the overall performance of the antenna.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1表示本实用新型实施例的车载天线的结构示意图；1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2表示本实用新型实施例的天线本体结构示意图的仰视图；Fig. 2 shows the bottom view of the schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna body according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3表示本实用新型实施例的天线本体结构示意图的俯视图透视图；3 is a top perspective view showing a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4表示本实用新型实施例的天线本体结构示意图的轴视图；4 is an axial view showing a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5表示本实用新型实施例的天线本体结构示意图的正视图；FIG. 5 is a front view showing the schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna body according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图6表示本实用新型实施例的天线本体结构示意图的左视图。FIG. 6 is a left side view of a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例对本实用新型进行详细描述。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clear, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本实用新型实施例中术语“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。The term "and/or" in the embodiments of the present invention describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and exist independently B these three cases. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.
本申请实施例中术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar.
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，并不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
车用无线通信技术(Vehicle to X，V2X)，即Vehicle to Everything，车对外界的信息交换。无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)。全球导航卫星系统(Global NavigationSatellite System，GNSS)。多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output，MIMO)。Vehicle wireless communication technology (Vehicle to X, V2X), namely Vehicle to Everything, information exchange between vehicles and the outside world. Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI). Global Navigation Satellite System (Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS). Multiple Input Multiple Output (Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO).
本实用新型针对现有技术中天线内部各种天线组的距离过近，导致天线的隔离度差、辐射效率低的问题，提供一种车载天线及汽车。The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted antenna and a vehicle, aiming at the problems in the prior art that the distances of various antenna groups inside the antenna are too close, resulting in poor antenna isolation and low radiation efficiency.
如图1所示，本实用新型实施例提供一种车载天线，包括：As shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted antenna, including:
天线本体以及用于容置所述天线本体的天线外壳1；an antenna body and an antenna casing 1 for accommodating the antenna body;
所述天线本体包括：基板电路板2、5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组；The antenna body includes: a
所述5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组6通过电路板设置于所述基板电路板2的边缘；The 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group 6 are arranged on the edge of the
所述基板电路板2上设置有缺陷地结构D。Defective structures D are provided on the
可选地，所述天线外壳可以为聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物和混合物PC/ABS材料。Optionally, the antenna housing may be polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and blend PC/ABS material.
所述天线外壳用于容置所述天线本体，且所述天线本体通过同轴线A与射频连接器B连接。本实用新型一实施例中，多根所述同轴线一端与射频连接器连接，例如FAKRA连接器、四合一MINI-FAKRA连接器、SMA连接器以及TNC连接器，另一端与所述天线本体中的各种天线组的馈点C分别连接。其中，所述同轴线的内导体与各种天线组的馈点焊接，所述同轴线的外导体编织层与天线的接地点焊接。The antenna housing is used for accommodating the antenna body, and the antenna body is connected with the radio frequency connector B through the coaxial line A. In an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the plurality of coaxial cables is connected to a radio frequency connector, such as a FAKRA connector, a four-in-one MINI-FAKRA connector, an SMA connector and a TNC connector, and the other end is connected to the antenna. The feed points C of various antenna groups in the body are respectively connected. Wherein, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is welded with the feed points of various antenna groups, and the braided layer of the outer conductor of the coaxial line is welded with the grounding point of the antenna.
如图2所示，所述基板电路板上设置有缺陷地结构，本实用新型一实施例中，所述可设置T字型和一字型缺陷地结构。As shown in FIG. 2 , the substrate circuit board is provided with a defective structure. In an embodiment of the present invention, the T-shaped and in-line defective structures can be provided.
本实用新型实施例的车载天线包括：天线本体以及用于容置所述天线本体的天线外壳；所述天线本体包括：基板电路板、5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组；将多种功能的天线组集成于一个天线结构中，提高了天线的实用性；所述5G天线组、V2X天线组、WIFI天线组以及GNSS天线组通过电路板设置于所述基板电路板的边缘；各种天线组设置于所述基板电路板的边缘，增加了各天线组之间的距离，提高了天线的隔离度；并通过在所述基板电路板上设置缺陷地结构，加长了天线接地点上的表面波耦合路径，可以使表面波耦合相互抵消，减小了天线之间的相互干扰，改善了天线的整体性能。The vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna body and an antenna casing for accommodating the antenna body; the antenna body includes: a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group, and a GNSS antenna group ; Integrating antenna groups with multiple functions into one antenna structure improves the practicability of the antenna; the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the substrate circuit board through the circuit board. The various antenna groups are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board, which increases the distance between the antenna groups and improves the isolation of the antennas; and by arranging the defective structure on the substrate circuit board, the antenna is lengthened The surface wave coupling path on the ground point can make the surface wave coupling cancel each other, reduce the mutual interference between the antennas, and improve the overall performance of the antenna.
可选地，如图3至图6所示，所述5G天线组，包括：Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , the 5G antenna group includes:
5G主天线31、5G分集天线32、第一5G MIMO天线33以及第二5G MIMO天线34；5G
所述5G主天线31和所述5G分集天线32关于所述GNSS天线组6中心对称；The 5G
所述第一5G MIMO天线33和所述第二5G MIMO天线34关于所述GNSS天线组6中心对称。The first
本实用新型一实施例，所述基板电路板为矩形，所述GNSS天线组6设置于所述基板电路板中心，所述5G主天线31和所述5G分集天线32设置于所述基板电路板两个对角，所述第一5G MIMO天线33和所述第二5G MIMO天线34设置于所述基板电路板另外两个对角。In an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate circuit board is rectangular, the GNSS antenna group 6 is arranged in the center of the substrate circuit board, and the 5G
可选地，如图4所示，所述5G主天线31通过第一电路板71和第二电路板72与所述基板电路板2连接；所述5G分集天线32通过第三电路板713和第四电路板74与所述基板电路板2连接。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4 , the 5G
可选地所述第一5G MIMO天线33通过第五电路板75与所述基板电路板2连接；所述第二5G MIMO天线34通过第六电路板76与所述基板电路板2连接。Optionally, the first
本实用新型的实施例，通过电路板将所述5G主天线、所述5G分集天线、所述第一5GMIMO天线以及所述第二5G MIMO天线与基板电路板连接；并通过将所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线设置于基板电路板的两个对角，同时也将所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5GMIMO天线设置于基板电路板的两个对角，提高了天线的隔离度。In the embodiment of the present invention, the 5G main antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are connected to the substrate circuit board through a circuit board; The antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are arranged on the two diagonal corners of the substrate circuit board, and the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are also arranged on the two diagonal corners of the substrate circuit board, which improves the antenna performance. isolation.
可选地，所述5G主天线的频率为700MHz至960MHz以及1710MHz至5000MHz，所述5G分集天线的频率为700MHz至960MHz以及1710MHz至5000MHz；Optionally, the frequencies of the 5G main antenna are 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the frequencies of the 5G diversity antennas are 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz;
且所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线均为渐变结构。In addition, the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both gradient structures.
本实用新型的一实施例，所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线均为单极子天线，能够覆盖广电700M频段，且将所述5G主天线和所述5G分集天线为半椭圆渐变结构和矩形渐变结构，展宽了天线的带宽，实现了5G天线组的多频段及带宽性能。且所述基板电路板的天线缺陷地结构，加长了天线接地点的表面耦合路径，回形缝隙还可以使表面波耦合相互抵消，减小了天线之间的相互干扰，改善了天线的整体性能。In an embodiment of the present invention, the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both monopole antennas, which can cover the 700M frequency band of radio and television, and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are semi-elliptical gradient structures And the rectangular gradient structure widens the bandwidth of the antenna and realizes the multi-band and bandwidth performance of the 5G antenna group. In addition, the defective antenna structure of the substrate circuit board lengthens the surface coupling path of the antenna grounding point, and the looped slot can also cancel the surface wave coupling, reduce the mutual interference between the antennas, and improve the overall performance of the antenna. .
可选地，所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5G MIMO天线均为渐变结构。Optionally, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are both gradient structures.
本实用新型的一实施例，所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5G MIMO天线为半椭圆阵子天线，且天线的频率范围为1710MHz至5000MHz，且所述第一5G MIMO天线和所述第二5GMIMO天线的半椭圆辐射片与基板电路板形成一种渐变，展宽了天线的带宽。In an embodiment of the present invention, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are semi-elliptical array sub-antennas, and the frequency range of the antennas is 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the first 5G MIMO antenna and the The semi-elliptical radiating sheet of the second 5G MIMO antenna forms a gradient with the substrate circuit board, which broadens the bandwidth of the antenna.
可选地，所述V2X天线组，包括：Optionally, the V2X antenna group includes:
第一V2X天线41和第二V2X天线42；The
所述GNSS天线组设置于所述基板电路板的中心位置；The GNSS antenna group is arranged at the center of the substrate circuit board;
所述第一V2X天线41和所述第二V2X天线42关于所述GNSS天线组对称。The
可选地，所述第一V2X天线和所述第二V2X天线设置于所述基板电路板的两个对边的中点，如图4所示，所述第一V2X天线设置于5G主天线与所述第一5G MIMO天线之间的中点；所述第二V2X天线设置于5G分集天线与所述第二5G MIMO天线之间的中点；本实用新型实施例的车载天线，提高了V2X天线的水平全向性。Optionally, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are arranged at the midpoint of two opposite sides of the substrate circuit board. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first V2X antenna is arranged at the 5G main antenna. the midpoint between the first 5G MIMO antenna and the first 5G MIMO antenna; the second V2X antenna is set at the midpoint between the 5G diversity antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna; the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention improves the Horizontal omnidirectionality of the V2X antenna.
可选地，所述第一V2X天线通过第七电路板81与所述基板电路板2连接，所述第二V2X天线通过第八电路板82与所述基板电路板2连接。Optionally, the first V2X antenna is connected to the
可选地，所述第一V2X天线和所述第二V2X天线为偶极子天线；Optionally, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are dipole antennas;
所述第一V2X天线的天线臂两两连接，且所述第二V2X天线的天线臂两两连接。The antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected in pairs, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected in pairs.
可选地，所述第一V2X天线和所述第二V2X天线的频率范围为5850MHz至5925MHz，所述第一V2X天线的天线臂通过巴伦两两连接，所述第二V2X天线的天线臂通过巴伦两两连接。所述巴伦用微带线与基板电路板的馈点连接，容易焊接且提高了天线增益，降低了天线方向图不圆度。Optionally, the frequency range of the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna is 5850MHz to 5925MHz, the antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected in pairs through baluns, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected in pairs. Connected in pairs via baluns. The balun is connected to the feed point of the base circuit board by a microstrip line, which is easy to solder, improves the antenna gain, and reduces the out-of-roundness of the antenna pattern.
可选地，所述WIFI天线组，包括：Optionally, the WIFI antenna group includes:
第一WIFI天线51和第二WIFI天线52；the
所述第一WIFI天线51和所述第二WIFI天线52关于所述GNSS天线组对称。The
可选地，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线设置于所述基板电路板的两个对边的中点，如图4所示，所述第一WIFI天线设置于5G主天线与所述第二5G MIMO天线之间的中点；所述第二WIFI天线设置于5G分集天线与所述第一5G MIMO天线之间的中点。Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are arranged at the midpoint of two opposite sides of the substrate circuit board. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first WIFI antenna is arranged at the 5G main antenna The midpoint between the second 5G MIMO antenna and the second WIFI antenna; the second WIFI antenna is set at the midpoint between the 5G diversity antenna and the first 5G MIMO antenna.
可选地，所述第一WIFI天线通过第九电路板91与所述基板电路板2连接，所述第二WIFI天线通过第十电路板92与所述基板电路板2连接。Optionally, the first WIFI antenna is connected to the
可选地，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线为PIFA天线，所述第一WIFI天线的频率范围为2400MHz至2500MHz以及5150MHz至5850MHz，所述第二WIFI天线的频率范围为2400MHz至2500MHz以及5150MHz至5850MHz。Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are PIFA antennas, the frequency range of the first WIFI antenna is 2400MHz to 2500MHz and 5150MHz to 5850MHz, and the frequency range of the second WIFI antenna is 2400MHz to 2500MHz and 5150MHz to 5850MHz.
可选地，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线为渐变结构，所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线的接地短路。Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna have a gradient structure, and the grounds of the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are short-circuited.
所述第一WIFI天线和所述第二WIFI天线接地短路，为2.4G频段提供调谐匹配作用，馈电点附近的矩形渐变，可以展宽5G频段的带宽。The first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are short-circuited to ground to provide a tuning and matching effect for the 2.4G frequency band, and the rectangular gradient near the feed point can widen the bandwidth of the 5G frequency band.
可选地，所述GNSS天线组，包括：Optionally, the GNSS antenna group includes:
GNSS天线和低噪声放大器；GNSS antenna and low noise amplifier;
所述GNSS天线包括第一频段天线和第二频段天线；The GNSS antenna includes a first frequency band antenna and a second frequency band antenna;
所述第一频段天线和所述第二频段天线通过90度相位耦合电桥连接。The first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna are connected through a 90-degree phase coupling bridge.
所述GNSS天线包括双层四馈点陶瓷介质天线，所述双层四馈点陶瓷介质天线由L1频段天线和L5频段天线叠加而成，每个频段天线两个馈点。通过90度相位耦合电桥构成圆极化天线，可以降低天线轴比，提高定位精度。The GNSS antenna includes a double-layer four-feed point ceramic dielectric antenna, and the double-layer four-feed point ceramic dielectric antenna is formed by superimposing an L1 frequency band antenna and an L5 frequency band antenna, and each frequency band antenna has two feed points. A circularly polarized antenna is formed by a 90-degree phase coupling bridge, which can reduce the antenna axis ratio and improve the positioning accuracy.
通过低噪声放大器可以放大GNSS信号的强度，同时也补偿馈线所引起的衰减，低低噪声放大器集成带通滤波器，可以抑制工作频带外的噪声信号，提高GNSS信号的质量。双频GNSS可以配合RTK差分算法，实现毫米级定位。The low-noise amplifier can amplify the strength of the GNSS signal, and also compensate for the attenuation caused by the feeder. The low-noise amplifier integrates a band-pass filter, which can suppress the noise signal outside the operating frequency band and improve the quality of the GNSS signal. Dual-frequency GNSS can cooperate with RTK differential algorithm to achieve millimeter-level positioning.
本实用新型实施例的车载天线，所述5G天线组的电性能好，带宽较宽，5G天线、5G分集天线、第一5G MIMO天线和第二5G MIMO天线的工作频段电压驻波比＜2.0。In the vehicle-mounted antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the 5G antenna group has good electrical performance and wide bandwidth, and the working frequency standing wave ratio of the 5G antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna is less than 2.0 .
本实用新型实施例的车载天线，5G天线、5G分集天线、第一5G MIMO天线和第二5GMIMO天线在低频700-960MHz频带内，隔离度大于10dB，在高频1710-5000MHz频带内，隔离度大于15dB。In the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, the 5G antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna have an isolation degree greater than 10 dB in the low frequency band of 700-960 MHz, and in the high frequency band of 1710-5000 MHz, the isolation degree greater than 15dB.
本实用新型实施例的车载天线，第一V2X天线和第二V2X天线性能好，回波损耗＜-20dB，隔离度＞29dB，增益方向图不圆度低于3dB。In the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna have good performance, the return loss is less than -20dB, the isolation degree is greater than 29dB, and the out-of-roundness of the gain pattern is less than 3dB.
本实用新型实施例的车载天线，第一WiFi天线和第二WiFi天线性能好，回波损耗＜-12dB，隔离度＞18dB。In the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, the first WiFi antenna and the second WiFi antenna have good performance, the return loss is less than -12dB, and the isolation degree is greater than 18dB.
本实用新型实施例还提供了一种汽车，包括如上所述的车载天线。The embodiment of the present invention also provides an automobile, including the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted antenna.
以上所述的是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型所述的原理前提下还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本实用新型的保护范围内。The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in the present invention. within the scope of protection of the present invention.
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