CN216354761U - Vehicle-mounted antenna and automobile - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted antenna and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN216354761U CN216354761U CN202123335734.XU CN202123335734U CN216354761U CN 216354761 U CN216354761 U CN 216354761U CN 202123335734 U CN202123335734 U CN 202123335734U CN 216354761 U CN216354761 U CN 216354761U
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OI(OC(=O)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 PEZNEXFPRSOYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920007019 PC/ABS Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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Abstract
The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted antenna and an automobile, and belongs to the technical field of Internet of vehicles. The antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell for accommodating the antenna body; the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group; the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board; and a defected ground structure is arranged on the substrate circuit board. According to the vehicle-mounted antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, various antenna groups are arranged at the edge of the substrate circuit board, so that the distance between the antenna groups is increased, and the isolation of the antenna is improved; and through setting up the defected ground structure on the said base plate circuit board, lengthened the surface wave coupling path on the grounding point of the aerial, can make the surface wave coupling cancel each other out, reduce the mutual interference between the aerial, have improved the overall performance of the aerial.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle antennas, in particular to a vehicle-mounted antenna and an automobile.
Background
Due to the high speed and low time delay characteristics of 5G, the application of 5G technology in the field of car networking is becoming more and more popular. The 5G Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission technology has multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby improving the data transmission rate and transmission quality of the system by times without increasing the bandwidth.
In the prior art, a 5G antenna has low frequency coverage and low radiation efficiency, and the 5G-T-BOX antenna usually needs more than 4 5G antenna groups in order to improve data transmission rate and transmission quality. If a 5G multi-antenna system is designed on a PCB inside the T-BOX according to the traditional T-BOX design technology, more antennas are gathered inside the T-BOX antenna due to the limitation of the PCB size, and the distance of the antenna group is too close, so that the isolation of the antenna is poor and the radiation efficiency is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted antenna and an automobile, which are used for solving the problems of poor isolation and low radiation efficiency of the antenna caused by too close distance of various antenna groups in the antenna in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an in-vehicle antenna, comprising:
the antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell for accommodating the antenna body;
the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group;
the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board;
and a defected ground structure is arranged on the substrate circuit board.
Further, the 5G antenna group includes:
a 5G main antenna, a 5G diversity antenna, a first 5G MIMO antenna, and a second 5G MIMO antenna;
the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are centrosymmetric with respect to the GNSS antenna group;
the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are centrally symmetric with respect to the set of GNSS antennas.
Further, the frequency of the 5G main antenna is 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the frequency of the 5G diversity antenna is 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000 MHz;
and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both of gradient structures.
Further, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are both tapered structures.
Further, the group of V2X antennas includes:
a first V2X antenna and a second V2X antenna;
the GNSS antenna group is arranged at the center of the substrate circuit board;
the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are symmetric about the set of GNSS antennas.
Further, the first and second V2X and V2X antennas are dipole antennas;
the antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected two by two, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected two by two.
Further, the WIFI antenna group includes:
the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna;
the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are symmetrical about the GNSS antenna group.
Furthermore, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are of gradient structures, and the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are in short circuit with the ground.
Further, the GNSS antenna group includes:
GNSS antennas and low noise amplifiers;
the GNSS antenna comprises a first frequency band antenna and a second frequency band antenna;
the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna are connected through a 90-degree phase coupling bridge.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an automobile which comprises the vehicle-mounted antenna.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the utility model comprises: the antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell for accommodating the antenna body; the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group; the multifunctional antenna group is integrated in one antenna structure, so that the practicability of the antenna is improved; the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board; various antenna groups are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board, so that the distance between the antenna groups is increased, and the isolation of the antennas is improved; and through setting up the defected ground structure on the said base plate circuit board, lengthened the surface wave coupling path on the grounding point of the aerial, can make the surface wave coupling cancel each other out, reduce the mutual interference between the aerial, have improved the overall performance of the aerial.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle-mounted antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a bottom view of the antenna body according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top perspective view of a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an axial view of a schematic structural view of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of a schematic structural diagram of an antenna body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a left side view of the antenna body structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The term "and/or" in the embodiments of the present invention describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more, and other terms are similar thereto.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Vehicle wireless communication technology (Vehicle to X, V2X), namely Vehicle to event, exchanges information from Vehicle to outside. Wireless Fidelity (WIFI). Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO).
The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted antenna and an automobile, aiming at the problems of poor isolation and low radiation efficiency of the antenna caused by too close distance of various antenna groups in the antenna in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted antenna, including:
the antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell 1 for accommodating the antenna body;
the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board 2, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group;
the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group 6 are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board 2 through a circuit board;
the substrate circuit board 2 is provided with a defected ground structure D.
Alternatively, the antenna housing may be polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer and blend PC/ABS material.
The antenna shell is used for accommodating the antenna body, and the antenna body is connected with the radio frequency connector B through a coaxial line A. In an embodiment of the present invention, one end of each of the plurality of coaxial lines is connected to a radio frequency connector, such as a FAKRA connector, a four-in-one MINI-FAKRA connector, an SMA connector, and a TNC connector, and the other end of each of the plurality of coaxial lines is connected to a feed point C of each antenna group in the antenna body. The coaxial cable comprises an inner conductor, an outer conductor braid and a grounding point, wherein the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is welded with feed points of various antenna groups, and the outer conductor braid of the coaxial cable is welded with the grounding point of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 2, the substrate circuit board is provided with a defect structure, and in an embodiment of the present invention, the defect structure may be a T-shaped defect structure or a straight-shaped defect structure.
The vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the utility model comprises: the antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell for accommodating the antenna body; the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group; the multifunctional antenna group is integrated in one antenna structure, so that the practicability of the antenna is improved; the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board; various antenna groups are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board, so that the distance between the antenna groups is increased, and the isolation of the antennas is improved; and through setting up the defected ground structure on the said base plate circuit board, lengthened the surface wave coupling path on the grounding point of the aerial, can make the surface wave coupling cancel each other out, reduce the mutual interference between the aerial, have improved the overall performance of the aerial.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3 to fig. 6, the 5G antenna group includes:
a 5G main antenna 31, a 5G diversity antenna 32, a first 5G MIMO antenna 33, and a second 5G MIMO antenna 34;
the 5G main antenna 31 and the 5G diversity antenna 32 are centrally symmetric with respect to the GNSS antenna group 6;
the first 5G MIMO antenna 33 and the second 5G MIMO antenna 34 are centrally symmetric with respect to the GNSS antenna group 6.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate circuit board is rectangular, the GNSS antenna group 6 is disposed in the center of the substrate circuit board, the 5G main antenna 31 and the 5G diversity antenna 32 are disposed at two opposite corners of the substrate circuit board, and the first 5G MIMO antenna 33 and the second 5G MIMO antenna 34 are disposed at the other two opposite corners of the substrate circuit board.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the 5G main antenna 31 is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a first circuit board 71 and a second circuit board 72; the 5G diversity antenna 32 is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a third circuit board 713 and a fourth circuit board 74.
Optionally the first 5G MIMO antenna 33 is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 via a fifth circuit board 75; the second 5G MIMO antenna 34 is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a sixth circuit board 76.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the 5G main antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are connected with the substrate circuit board through the circuit board; and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are arranged at two opposite angles of the substrate circuit board, and the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are also arranged at two opposite angles of the substrate circuit board, so that the isolation of the antennas is improved.
Optionally, the frequency of the 5G main antenna is 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the frequency of the 5G diversity antenna is 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000 MHz;
and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both of gradient structures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are monopole antennas, which can cover a radio and television 700M frequency band, and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are in a semi-elliptical gradient structure and a rectangular gradient structure, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is widened, and the multi-band and bandwidth performance of the 5G antenna group is realized. And the antenna defected ground structure of the substrate circuit board lengthens the surface coupling path of the antenna grounding point, the surface wave coupling can be mutually offset by the square-wave gap, the mutual interference among the antennas is reduced, and the overall performance of the antennas is improved.
Optionally, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are both tapered structures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are semi-elliptical antenna elements, a frequency range of the antennas is 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and semi-elliptical radiating patches of the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna and the substrate circuit board form a gradual change, so that a bandwidth of the antennas is widened.
Optionally, the group of V2X antennas includes:
a first V2X antenna 41 and a second V2X antenna 42;
the GNSS antenna group is arranged at the center of the substrate circuit board;
the first V2X antenna 41 and the second V2X antenna 42 are symmetric about the set of GNSS antennas.
Optionally, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are disposed at a midpoint between two opposite sides of the substrate circuit board, as shown in fig. 4, the first V2X antenna is disposed at a midpoint between a 5G main antenna and the first 5G MIMO antenna; the second V2X antenna is disposed at a midpoint between a 5G diversity antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna; the vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment of the utility model improves the horizontal omni-directionality of the V2X antenna.
Optionally, the first V2X antenna is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a seventh circuit board 81, and the second V2X antenna is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through an eighth circuit board 82.
Optionally, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are dipole antennas;
the antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected two by two, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected two by two.
Optionally, the frequency ranges of the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are 5850MHz to 5925MHz, the antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected two by two through a balun, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected two by two through a balun. The microstrip line for the balun is connected with the feed point of the substrate circuit board, so that welding is easy, antenna gain is improved, and out-of-roundness of an antenna directional diagram is reduced.
Optionally, the WIFI antenna group includes:
a first WIFI antenna 51 and a second WIFI antenna 52;
the first WIFI antenna 51 and the second WIFI antenna 52 are symmetrical about the GNSS antenna group.
Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are disposed at a midpoint between two opposite sides of the substrate circuit board, as shown in fig. 4, the first WIFI antenna is disposed at a midpoint between the 5G main antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna; the second WIFI antenna is arranged at a midpoint between the 5G diversity antenna and the first 5G MIMO antenna.
Optionally, the first WIFI antenna is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a ninth circuit board 91, and the second WIFI antenna is connected to the substrate circuit board 2 through a tenth circuit board 92.
Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are PIFA antennas, a frequency range of the first WIFI antenna is 2400MHz to 2500MHz and 5150MHz to 5850MHz, and a frequency range of the second WIFI antenna is 2400MHz to 2500MHz and 5150MHz to 5850 MHz.
Optionally, the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are of gradient structures, and the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are in a short circuit with respect to ground.
The first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are in short circuit with ground, a tuning matching effect is provided for the 2.4G frequency band, the rectangle near the feed point is gradually changed, and the bandwidth of the 5G frequency band can be widened.
Optionally, the GNSS antenna group includes:
GNSS antennas and low noise amplifiers;
the GNSS antenna comprises a first frequency band antenna and a second frequency band antenna;
the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna are connected through a 90-degree phase coupling bridge.
The GNSS antenna comprises a double-layer four-feed-point ceramic dielectric antenna, the double-layer four-feed-point ceramic dielectric antenna is formed by overlapping an L1 frequency band antenna and an L5 frequency band antenna, and each frequency band antenna has two feed points. The circularly polarized antenna is formed by the 90-degree phase coupling bridge, so that the axial ratio of the antenna can be reduced, and the positioning precision is improved.
The low-noise amplifier can amplify the intensity of the GNSS signal and compensate attenuation caused by the feeder line, and the low-noise amplifier is integrated with the band-pass filter, so that noise signals outside a working frequency band can be suppressed, and the quality of the GNSS signal is improved. The dual-frequency GNSS can be matched with an RTK differential algorithm to realize millimeter-scale positioning.
According to the vehicle-mounted antenna disclosed by the embodiment of the utility model, the 5G antenna group is good in electrical property and wide in bandwidth, and the voltage standing wave ratio of the working frequency bands of the 5G antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna is less than 2.0.
The vehicle-mounted antenna, the 5G diversity antenna, the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna have the isolation degree of more than 10dB in a low-frequency 700-plus 960MHz frequency band, and have the isolation degree of more than 15dB in a high-frequency 1710-plus 5000MHz frequency band.
According to the vehicle-mounted antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna have good performance, the return loss is less than-20 dB, the isolation degree is more than 29dB, and the out-of-roundness of a gain directional diagram is lower than 3 dB.
According to the vehicle-mounted antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first WiFi antenna and the second WiFi antenna have good performances, the return loss is less than-12 dB, and the isolation is greater than 18 dB.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an automobile which comprises the vehicle-mounted antenna.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An on-board antenna, comprising:
the antenna comprises an antenna body and an antenna shell for accommodating the antenna body;
the antenna body includes: the antenna comprises a substrate circuit board, a 5G antenna group, a V2X antenna group, a WIFI antenna group and a GNSS antenna group;
the 5G antenna group, the V2X antenna group, the WIFI antenna group and the GNSS antenna group are arranged on the edge of the substrate circuit board through the circuit board;
and a defected ground structure is arranged on the substrate circuit board.
2. The vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the 5G antenna group comprises:
a 5G main antenna, a 5G diversity antenna, a first 5G MIMO antenna, and a second 5G MIMO antenna;
the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are centrosymmetric with respect to the GNSS antenna group;
the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are centrally symmetric with respect to the set of GNSS antennas.
3. The vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the 5G main antenna has a frequency of 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000MHz, and the 5G diversity antenna has a frequency of 700MHz to 960MHz and 1710MHz to 5000 MHz;
and the 5G main antenna and the 5G diversity antenna are both of gradient structures.
4. The vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the first 5G MIMO antenna and the second 5G MIMO antenna are both tapered structures.
5. The vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the group of V2X antennas comprises:
a first V2X antenna and a second V2X antenna;
the GNSS antenna group is arranged at the center of the substrate circuit board;
the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are symmetric about the set of GNSS antennas.
6. The vehicle antenna of claim 5, wherein the first V2X antenna and the second V2X antenna are dipole antennas;
the antenna arms of the first V2X antenna are connected two by two, and the antenna arms of the second V2X antenna are connected two by two.
7. The vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the WIFI antenna set comprises:
the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna;
the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are symmetrical about the GNSS antenna group.
8. The vehicle-mounted antenna of claim 7, wherein the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are of gradient structures, and the first WIFI antenna and the second WIFI antenna are short-circuited to ground.
9. The vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the set of GNSS antennas comprises:
GNSS antennas and low noise amplifiers;
the GNSS antenna comprises a first frequency band antenna and a second frequency band antenna;
the first frequency band antenna and the second frequency band antenna are connected through a 90-degree phase coupling bridge.
10. An automobile, characterized by comprising the vehicle-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123335734.XU CN216354761U (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Vehicle-mounted antenna and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123335734.XU CN216354761U (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Vehicle-mounted antenna and automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216354761U true CN216354761U (en) | 2022-04-19 |
Family
ID=81165323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123335734.XU Active CN216354761U (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Vehicle-mounted antenna and automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216354761U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202123335734.XU patent/CN216354761U/en active Active
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Address after: Room 505, 5th Floor, Building 2, No. 299 Kexue Avenue, Zengjia Town, High tech Zone, Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China 400040 Patentee after: CITIC Technology Zhilian Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 400040 No. 35, Jinghe Road, Huxi street, high tech Zone, Chongqing Patentee before: Datang Gaohong Zhilian Technology (Chongqing) Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |