CN216310239U - Short-circuit detection circuit and short-circuit protection device - Google Patents
Short-circuit detection circuit and short-circuit protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216310239U CN216310239U CN202122085374.6U CN202122085374U CN216310239U CN 216310239 U CN216310239 U CN 216310239U CN 202122085374 U CN202122085374 U CN 202122085374U CN 216310239 U CN216310239 U CN 216310239U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a short circuit detection circuit and a short circuit protection device. The short circuit detection circuit includes: the device comprises a microprocessor, a measuring module and a storage module; the microprocessor is used for generating a power utilization information recording instruction according to the current time and a first preset rule and sending the power utilization information recording instruction to the measuring module, and the power utilization information recording instruction comprises a power utilization total amount recording instruction and a power utilization increment recording instruction; the measuring module is electrically connected with the microprocessor and used for receiving a power consumption information recording instruction sent by the microprocessor and measuring the power consumption of a load electrically connected with the short-circuit detection circuit according to the power consumption information recording instruction to obtain power consumption information, wherein the power consumption information comprises power consumption increment information; the storage module is electrically connected with the microprocessor and used for receiving and recording the electricity utilization information sent by the measuring module. The utility model can avoid the information recording occupying a large amount of storage space.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of data recording, in particular to a short circuit detection circuit and a short circuit protection device.
Background
When the insulation of the electric appliance or the wiring in the electric control circuit is damaged, the load is short-circuited, and the wiring is wrong, a short-circuit fault is generated. The instantaneous fault current generated during short circuit is dozens to tens of times of rated current. The strong electromotive force generated by the electrical equipment or the distribution line due to the short-circuit current may damage, generate an arc, and even cause a fire. Short-circuit protection requires that the power supply be disconnected within a very short time after the short-circuit fault has occurred, a common method being to connect a fuse and an air switch in series in the line. However, in an actual short-circuit scenario, the tripping time of the overcurrent release inside the air switch is relatively long, generally ranging from tens of milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds, and the air switch may affect the normal power consumption of other sub-circuits under the air switch.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a short circuit detection circuit and a short circuit protection device, and aims to solve the problem that the short circuit fault judgment consumes too long time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a short circuit detection circuit, which includes a sampling circuit, a controller and a storage module;
the sampling circuit comprises a current sampling unit, wherein the current sampling unit is used for collecting a load current analog signal and sending the current analog signal to a controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the sampling circuit and used for converting the current analog signal into a load current sampling value, transmitting the load current sampling value to a storage module and judging whether the load has a short circuit or not according to the square sum of the load sampling current values in the storage module;
the storage module is electrically connected with the controller and used for receiving and storing the load sampling current value sent by the controller.
Optionally, the controller includes an analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter is configured to convert the current analog signal into a load current sampling value.
Optionally, the controller includes a first determining unit, where the first determining unit is configured to calculate a sum of squares of load current sampling values in the storage module, and determine whether to generate a short circuit determining instruction according to the number of the load current sampling values.
Optionally, the controller includes a second determining unit, where the second determining unit is configured to compare a sum of squares of the load current sampling values in the storage module with a sum of squares threshold corresponding to a preset short-circuit current after receiving the short-circuit determining instruction, and generate a short-circuit protection instruction if the sum of squares is greater than the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short-circuit current.
Optionally, the short circuit detection circuit further includes an electronic switch, the electronic switch is electrically connected to the controller, and when receiving a short circuit protection instruction sent by the controller, the electronic switch is turned off.
Optionally, the controller further includes a storage control unit, where the storage control unit is electrically connected to the storage module and configured to determine whether the number of load current sampling values in the storage module is equal to a preset period sampling number, and if the number of load current sampling values in the storage queue is not equal to the preset period sampling number, the controller controls the load current sampling values to be stored in a first empty storage location in the storage queue.
Optionally, the storage control unit is further configured to control the load current sampling value to cover the earliest data when the number of load current sampling values in the storage queue is equal to a preset cycle sampling number.
Optionally, the sampling circuit further includes a voltage sampling unit, configured to collect a load voltage analog signal, and send the voltage analog signal to the controller.
Optionally, the controller further includes a third determining unit, where the third determining unit is configured to determine whether the detection circuit is abnormal according to the voltage analog signal, and if the detection circuit is abnormal, generate a warning signal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application also proposes a short-circuit protection device, which includes the above-mentioned short-circuit detection circuit and a load connected to the short-circuit detection circuit.
In the technical scheme of the utility model, the analog electric signal is converted into the load current sampling value with a determined value, the square sum of the load current sampling value is compared with the square sum threshold value corresponding to the preset short-circuit current, and whether the short circuit occurs is judged according to the comparison result.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a short circuit detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the structure of the controller in bit map 1;
fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of the sampling circuit in fig. 1.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 1 | Short |
123 | |
| 11 | |
124 | |
| 12 | |
125 | |
| 13 | |
111 | |
| 121 | Analog-to- |
112 | |
| 122 | First judging unit |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the present embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a short circuit detection circuit 1, where the short circuit detection circuit 1 includes a sampling circuit 11, a controller 12 and a storage module 13; the sampling circuit 11 comprises a current sampling unit 111, and the current sampling unit 111 is used for collecting a load current analog signal and sending the current analog signal to the controller 12; the controller 12 is electrically connected to the sampling circuit 11, and is configured to convert the current analog signal into a load current sampling value, send the load current sampling value to the storage module 13, and determine whether the load has a short circuit according to a sum of squares of load sampling current values in the storage module 13; the storage module 13 is electrically connected to the controller 12, and the storage module 13 is configured to receive and store the load sampling current value sent by the controller 12.
In this embodiment, a load current analog signal is collected at each sampling time, and then the load current analog signal is input to the controller 12, the controller 12 may convert the current analog signal into a load current sampling value, and store the current sampling value in the storage module 13, and in the process of each storage, whether the load has a short circuit or not may be determined according to the sum of squares of all load sampling current values in the storage module 13, because the frequency of signal collection, calculation of the sum of squares, and determination of a short circuit according to the sum of squares is high, it is usually set to sample 72 times or 144 times per sampling period, specifically, 50 full waves per second. If a sampling period is defined as a half cycle, sampling is carried out for 72 times in each sampling period; if a sampling period is defined as a full wave, then each sampling period is sampled 144 times. Accordingly, 7200 samples per second. Therefore, the short circuit judgment method hardly causes delay, can find that the short circuit occurs in the circuit in a very short time after the short circuit occurs, report the short circuit event to the controller 12 after finding the short circuit, and the controller 12 can rapidly control the electronic switch circuit to disconnect the load circuit after receiving the short circuit information so as to prevent the occurrence of an electrical fire or a casualty event.
Further, the controller 12 includes an analog-to-digital converter 121, and the analog-to-digital converter 121 is configured to convert the current analog signal into a load current sampling value. Because the load current analog signal collected by the current sampling unit 111 is an analog signal, the amplitude of the analog signal continuously changes along with time, and the analog signal cannot be directly stored and calculated, and the converted load current sampling value is a discrete digital signal, has a specific value and can be subjected to various operations, the load current analog signal is converted into the load current sampling value, and subsequent storage and operation can be facilitated.
Specifically, the controller 12 includes a first judging unit 122, and the first judging unit 122 is configured to calculate a sum of squares of load current sample values in the storage module 13, and judge whether to generate a short circuit judgment instruction according to the number of the load current sample values. In this embodiment, if the number of load current sampling values is equal to the preset cycle sampling number, that is, the storage module 13 is full, a short circuit judgment instruction is generated to judge whether the circuit has a short circuit; if the number of the load current sampling values is smaller than the preset cycle sampling number, that is, if the storage module 13 is not full, no short circuit judgment instruction is generated, that is, if the storage module 13 is not full, it is not necessary to judge whether the circuit has a short circuit. In this way, the short circuit does not need to be judged due to insufficient data amount in a short period of time before power-on, and the calculation amount of the controller 12 is reduced.
In addition, the controller 12 includes a second determining unit 123, where the second determining unit 123 is configured to, after receiving the short circuit determination instruction, compare a sum of squares of the load current sampling values in the storage module 13 with a sum of squares threshold corresponding to a preset short circuit current, and if the sum of squares is greater than the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short circuit current, generate a short circuit protection instruction.
In this embodiment, if the sum of squares is smaller than the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short-circuit current, the short-circuit protection instruction is not generated. The preset square sum threshold corresponding to the short-circuit current is a threshold preset by a person skilled in the art according to the rule of current short circuit, and the instantaneous fault current generated in the circuit during short circuit is dozens of times or even dozens of times of the rated current. Therefore, in the case where the circuit is normal, the sum of squares of the load current values in the storage module 13 is less than or equal to the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short-circuit current. Therefore, if the sum of squares of the load current values in the periodic sampling number is less than or equal to the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short-circuit current, judging that no short circuit exists; if the sum of squares of the load current values in the periodic sampling number is greater than the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short-circuit current, the occurrence of short circuit is judged, and measures need to be taken at the moment to avoid damage to electric appliances in the circuit, even fire disasters and casualties. Whether the circuit is short-circuited or not is judged according to the characteristic that the short-circuit current is large, and delay is hardly generated.
Further, the short circuit detection circuit 1 further includes an electronic switch, the electronic switch is electrically connected to the controller 12, and when receiving a short circuit protection command sent by the controller 12, the electronic switch is turned off. The electronic switch in the scheme is a fast electronic switch, and under the condition that the circuit is normal, the electronic switch is in a closed state, but after receiving a short-circuit protection instruction sent by the controller 12, the electronic switch is rapidly switched off so as to protect the safety of the circuit.
In addition, the controller 12 further includes a storage control unit 124, where the storage control unit 124 is electrically connected to the storage module 13, and is configured to determine whether the number of load current sampling values in the storage module 13 is equal to a preset cycle sampling number, and if the number of load current sampling values in the storage queue is not equal to the preset cycle sampling number, control the load current sampling values to be stored in a first empty storage location in the storage queue.
The storage space in the storage module 13 is limited, and generally, the storage module 13 can only accommodate one cycle of load current sampling values. Thus only two situations may occur in the memory module 13 after the circuit has been powered up, i.e. the memory module 13 is full or not. And in this embodiment, a storage queue exists in the storage module 13. When the storage module 13 is in a full state or a non-full state, the storage modes of the load current sampling values are different, so before a new load current sampling value is stored in the storage queue, it is required to first determine whether the total number of the sampling data in the storage queue is equal to the preset period sampling number, and if the total number of the sampling data is not equal to the preset period sampling number, it means that the storage module 13 is not full at this time, and only the new load current sampling value needs to be stored in the next storage position of the latest data in the storage queue of the storage module 13. This sequential storage in order can simplify the step of storing.
Specifically, the storage control unit 124 is further configured to control the load current sample value to overwrite the earliest data when the number of load current sample values in the storage queue is equal to the preset cycle sample number. If the total number of the sampling data is equal to the sampling number of the preset period, it means that the storage module 13 is full at this time, and at this time, a new load current sampling value is needed to cover the load current sampling value stored in the storage module 13 at the earliest time, so that it can be ensured that the data in the storage module 13 is always a latest set of data, and accuracy and real-time performance of the judgment on the short circuit are ensured.
In addition, the sampling circuit 11 further includes a voltage sampling unit 112, configured to collect a load voltage analog signal and send the voltage analog signal to the controller 12. The voltage sampling is to collect the power supply voltage, mainly collect the amplitude and frequency value of the voltage, then calculate the power, power factor, etc. according to the voltage sampling, and judge whether the circuit is abnormal or not according to the parameters.
Further, the controller 12 further includes a third determining unit 125, where the third determining unit 125 is configured to determine whether the detection circuit is abnormal according to the voltage analog signal, and if the detection circuit is abnormal, generate a warning signal. According to the voltage analog signal and the current analog signal, whether the circuit is abnormal or not can be judged, and if the circuit is abnormal, a warning signal is generated to prompt a worker to check the circuit, so that problems are avoided.
In addition, the utility model also provides a short-circuit protection device which comprises the short-circuit detection circuit 1 and a load connected with the short-circuit detection circuit 1. The specific structure of the short-circuit protection device refers to the above-mentioned embodiment, and since the short-circuit protection device adopts all technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiment, at least all beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiment are achieved, and no further description is given here.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions of the present invention, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The short circuit detection circuit is characterized by comprising a sampling circuit, a controller and a storage module;
the sampling circuit comprises a current sampling unit, wherein the current sampling unit is used for collecting a load current analog signal and sending the current analog signal to a controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the sampling circuit and used for converting the current analog signal into a load current sampling value, transmitting the load current sampling value to a storage module and judging whether the load has a short circuit or not according to the square sum of the load sampling current values in the storage module;
the storage module is electrically connected with the controller and used for receiving and storing the load sampling current value sent by the controller.
2. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises an analog-to-digital converter for converting the current analog signal to load current sample values.
3. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a first judgment unit configured to calculate a sum of squares of load current sample values in the storage module and judge whether to generate the short circuit judgment command according to the number of the load current sample values.
4. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 3, wherein the controller comprises a second determination unit, and the second determination unit is configured to compare a sum of squares of the load current sampling values in the storage module with a sum of squares threshold corresponding to a preset short circuit current after receiving the short circuit determination instruction, and generate the short circuit protection instruction if the sum of squares is greater than the sum of squares threshold corresponding to the preset short circuit current.
5. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, further comprising an electronic switch electrically connected to the controller, wherein the electronic switch is turned off upon receiving a short circuit protection command from the controller.
6. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller further comprises a memory control unit electrically connected to the memory module for determining whether the number of load current samples in the memory module is equal to a predetermined number of cycle samples, and controlling the load current samples to be stored in a first empty memory location in the memory queue if the number of load current samples in the memory queue is not equal to the predetermined number of cycle samples.
7. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the storage control unit is further configured to control the load current samples to overwrite the oldest data if the number of load current samples in the storage queue equals a predetermined number of periodic samples.
8. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit further comprises a voltage sampling unit configured to collect a load voltage analog signal and send the voltage analog signal to the controller.
9. The short circuit detection circuit of claim 8, wherein the controller further comprises a third determination unit, the third determination unit is configured to determine whether the detection circuit is abnormal according to the voltage analog signal, and generate a warning signal if the detection circuit is abnormal.
10. A short-circuit protection device, characterized in that it comprises a detection circuit of a short circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a load connected to the detection circuit of a short circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122085374.6U CN216310239U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Short-circuit detection circuit and short-circuit protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122085374.6U CN216310239U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Short-circuit detection circuit and short-circuit protection device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216310239U true CN216310239U (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202122085374.6U Active CN216310239U (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2021-08-31 | Short-circuit detection circuit and short-circuit protection device |
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| CN (1) | CN216310239U (en) |
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- 2021-08-31 CN CN202122085374.6U patent/CN216310239U/en active Active
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