CN216301479U - Prevent blockking up aircraft seeder of even ejection of compact - Google Patents
Prevent blockking up aircraft seeder of even ejection of compact Download PDFInfo
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- CN216301479U CN216301479U CN202123043375.0U CN202123043375U CN216301479U CN 216301479 U CN216301479 U CN 216301479U CN 202123043375 U CN202123043375 U CN 202123043375U CN 216301479 U CN216301479 U CN 216301479U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of universal airplane seeding, and particularly relates to an anti-blocking uniform-discharging airplane seeding device. When the airplane is used for sowing, the conventional discharging device is often blocked and unsmooth in discharging due to various reasons, the seeds are not uniform enough when being discharged, the problem of uneven distribution of the seeds in soil is caused, and the sowing effect is not good. The seeding device comprises a hopper, a bracket, a material control device, a material spreading device and a driving device, wherein the material control device is driven by the driving device to operate, and the driving device can be electrically connected to an airplane control device to control the operation of the material control device and the like so as to realize remote control of flying seeding and seed discharging and control of material output flow; in addition, in order to prevent the materials in the hopper from being jammed due to various reasons, and influence on material output to cause uneven seeding, the utility model also arranges a flat clapboard in the hopper, and the flat clapboard can realize the balanced falling of the materials through the turnover door and stir the materials in the hopper to avoid the jamming condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of universal (agricultural) airplane seeding, and particularly relates to an anti-blocking uniform-discharging airplane seeding device.
Background
The airplane seeding (flying seeding for short) is a mechanical direct seeding and seedling forming seeding method for seeding seeds from air to a predetermined area by using an aircraft (generally, a general airplane, namely an agricultural airplane). The airplane seeding comprises the operation items of airplane seeding afforestation, airplane seeding crops, airplane seeding green manure, airplane seeding grass and the like. The air seeding is carried out by adopting a small airplane which is internally provided with a special dry material seeding system, and the system comprises a seeding device, a stirrer driven by wind power, a door box control rod, a batcher and the like. At present, the aviation seeding industry mainly uses a fixed wing aircraft, the requirement of the fixed wing aircraft on the landing site is relatively strict, and the turning radius is overlarge during the operation, so that the operation efficiency is greatly reduced, and the operation cost is increased. With the technical progress and development, unmanned aerial vehicles are widely applied to various fields of production and life at present, and the unmanned aerial vehicles can also be applied to airplane seeding.
Above-mentioned fixed wing aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicle are when implementing the seeding, and flying speed or oar wing rotation rate can be comparatively fast, cause certain influence to the seed of scattering away, and conventional discharge device adopts the seed to fall naturally in the feed bin, the mode seed metering of outflow usually, often causes row material not smooth, the jam because of multiple reasons, and the seed is not enough even when discharging, causes the inhomogeneous problem of seed distribution in soil, and seeding effect is not good.
Compared with an airplane hanging container for aerial seeding operation, the seeding device machinery suitable for the conventional ground is generally provided with a transmission device for controlling the uniform discharge of materials in an aerial seeding box, the seeding process is visual, controllable and adjustable, the maneuverability is strong, the aerial seeding device has obvious disadvantages in the aspects, the problems that the materials (including seeds, fertilizers and the like) block a discharge port, the discharge is not uniform and the like easily occur, the feasibility of rapid intervention, adjustment and maneuverability is relatively low after the problems occur, and the implementation is not easy.
Chinese patent documents: CN113330870A A quick-release module seeding device for unmanned aerial vehicles discloses a seeding device, which uniformly disperses seeds to a certain area by rotating a turntable through a speed reduction motor during seeding operation, and adjusts the seeding range by controlling acceleration and deceleration; the adjustment of the seeding withdrawal amount is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the spiral seeding apparatus so as to meet the requirements of different planting densities; the sowing component can be quickly detached through threaded connection, the structure works stably, and the sowing component has the characteristics of quick installation and easy maintenance.
Conventional sowing devices all use a small discharge opening to allow the material therein to be discharged controllably, but also cause problems of unsmooth discharge, easy blockage and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to: the development of the airplane seeding device capable of preventing blockage and uniformly discharging has the function of continuously discharging materials from an airplane stock bin, the materials are not blocked in the discharging process, the discharging is uniform, the seeding effect is good, and the airplane seeding device can be applied to dry granular materials in the field of plant protection of general airplanes, such as seeds, fertilizers and the like.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides an prevent even aircraft seeder of ejection of compact, hereinafter be referred to as "seeder", this seeder is used for the discharge of independent control material, its characterized in that:
the seeding device is arranged below the airplane, and the airplane is connected with the seeding device through a flexible sling;
the seeding device comprises a hopper, a support, a material control device, a material scattering device and a driving device, wherein the hopper is used for containing and loading materials, the support is arranged outside the hopper and used for supporting the hopper to be stably placed on a plane, the material control device is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and used for controlling the materials to be continuously discharged at a constant speed and a constant flow rate, the material scattering device is arranged at the bottom of the material control device and used for quickly and uniformly scattering and discharging the materials discharged by the material control device, and the driving device is used for driving the material control device and/or the material scattering device to operate;
the hopper is round, the top of the hopper is open, the bottom of the hopper is funnel-shaped, and the tip of the funnel-shaped bottom of the hopper is provided with a discharge hole; the discharge port is cylindrical;
the support is of a frame structure and comprises support legs, the top ends of the support legs are fixed on the hopper, bottom feet are arranged at the bottom ends of the support legs, a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the support legs, one end of the cross beam is fixed in the middle of the support legs, and the other end of the cross beam is fixed at a discharge port of the hopper;
the material control device comprises a material control shaft and a spiral sheet, the spiral sheet is fixedly assembled at the lower part of the material control shaft, the material control shaft is vertically arranged, and the outer diameter of the spiral sheet is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge hole;
the material scattering device comprises a material disc, a plurality of shifting pieces and a material scattering shaft, wherein the material disc is disc-shaped, the diameter of the material disc is larger than the outer diameter of the material outlet, the plurality of shifting pieces are radially arranged on the upper surface of the material disc in a centrosymmetric manner, and the material scattering shaft is vertically fixed in the center of the material disc and extends upwards in the material scattering shaft direction;
the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are assembled and connected by adopting a coaxial nested structure, and can coaxially rotate and do not interfere with each other;
the driving device comprises a power source which is realized by adopting any one source power device including but not limited to an electric motor, a gasoline engine, a diesel engine and a hydraulic motor; the driving device comprises a speed reducer and/or a transfer case, the speed reducer is used for matching and adjusting the running speed between the power source and the material control device and between the power source and the material scattering device, and the transfer case is used for distributing the power output of the power source.
The material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are respectively in transmission connection with a driving device;
the top end of the material control shaft is in transmission connection with a speed reducer and/or a transfer case;
the top end of the material scattering shaft is in transmission connection with the speed reducer and/or the transfer case.
The driving device is provided with an assembly frame and/or an assembly box, the assembly box is used for accommodating, assembling and packaging the driving device, and the assembly frame is used for fixedly assembling and connecting the driving device on the hopper;
the bottom of the driving device is positioned above the upper edge of the hopper.
The speed reducer adopts any one of a gear reducer, a worm-gear reducer, a planetary gear reducer, a cycloidal pin gear reducer and a harmonic gear reducer.
A flat partition plate is arranged in the hopper, is disc-shaped and is horizontally arranged at the middle lower part in the hopper;
the center of the flat partition plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft to pass through;
the outer edge of the flat partition plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hopper;
the flat partition plate is provided with a turnover door, the turnover door is provided with a door body and a door shaft, the door shaft is arranged in the middle of the door body, the flat partition plate is provided with a door opening capable of accommodating turnover of the turnover door, and the door body is assembled on the door opening through the door shaft;
the turnover doors are arranged in a plurality of numbers, and the turnover doors are distributed on the flat partition plate in a central symmetry manner.
The door shaft is provided with a shifting wheel which is fixedly arranged at one end of the door shaft close to the central through hole of the flat partition plate, and the shifting wheel is provided with shifting teeth;
the upper part of the shifting wheel is provided with a driving plate, the bottom surface of the driving plate is provided with a tooth groove matched with the shifting teeth of the shifting wheel, and the shifting teeth are meshed with the tooth groove;
the top of the drive plate is provided with a drive shaft which is used for driving the drive plate to rotate, and the top end of the drive shaft is in transmission connection with a driving device.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
when the airplane is used for sowing, the seed discharging condition in the feed box is not easy to master, and the situation that materials at the discharge port are blocked is likely to occur, so that the sowing is not uniform, and the planting is influenced; in addition, the seed discharging amount of the hopper cannot be adjusted according to the flight condition, and the seeding quality cannot be guaranteed;
the utility model is provided with a material control device in the hopper, the material control device is driven by a driving device to operate, the driving device can be electrically connected to an airplane control device, such as a control console arranged in an airplane cockpit, so as to control the operation of the material control device and the like, and realize remote control of aerial seeding and seed sowing and control of material output flow;
in addition, in order to prevent the materials in the hopper from being jammed due to various reasons, and influence on material output to cause uneven seeding, the utility model also arranges a flat clapboard in the hopper, and the flat clapboard can realize the balanced falling of the materials through the turnover door and stir the materials in the hopper to avoid the jamming condition.
Drawings
The drawings of the utility model are as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a material spreading device in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partially enlarged structure of the part A material control device and the material spreading device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a flat separator in example 2 of the present invention.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1 hopper 11 discharge port
2 support
3 control device 31 control material axle 32 flight
4 spill material device 41 charging tray 42 plectrum 43 spills material axle
5 driving device 51 power source 52 speed reducer
6 flat partition board
7 door 71 door body 72 door shaft 73 door opening
The 8-wheel 81 dials the shaft 82.
Detailed Description
[ example 1 ]
As shown in fig. 1-3, the aircraft seeding device of even ejection of compact is prevented blockking up to this embodiment, and this seeding device is used for independently controlling the discharge of material, its characterized in that:
the seeding device is arranged below the airplane, and the airplane is connected with the seeding device through a flexible sling; the aircraft referred to herein is a general-purpose aircraft, i.e., a general-purpose aircraft of the type including a business aircraft, an agricultural aircraft, a forestry aircraft, a light-duty multipurpose aircraft, a patrol ambulance, a sport aircraft, a private aircraft, etc., and the type thereof includes a fixed wing aircraft such as a piston engine aircraft, a turboprop (turbo) engine aircraft, and a jet aircraft, a rotary wing aircraft such as a tiltrotor aircraft, a helicopter, etc., and an unmanned aircraft, etc., and the specific type is not limited. The airplane and the seeding device are suspended and connected by using three suspension cables such as steel cables, which is common.
The seeding device comprises a hopper, a support, a material control device, a material scattering device and a driving device, wherein the hopper is used for containing and loading materials, the support is arranged outside the hopper and used for supporting the hopper to be stably placed on a plane, the material control device is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and used for controlling the materials to be continuously discharged at a constant speed and a constant flow rate, the material scattering device is arranged at the bottom of the material control device and used for quickly and uniformly scattering and discharging the materials discharged by the material control device, and the driving device is used for driving the material control device and/or the material scattering device to operate;
the hopper is round, the top of the hopper is open, the bottom of the hopper is funnel-shaped, and the tip of the funnel-shaped bottom of the hopper is provided with a discharge hole; the discharge port is cylindrical;
the support is of a frame structure and comprises support legs, the top ends of the support legs are fixed on the hopper, bottom feet are arranged at the bottom ends of the support legs, a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the support legs, one end of the cross beam is fixed in the middle of the support legs, and the other end of the cross beam is fixed at a discharge port of the hopper; in addition, the support aims at supporting a funnel-shaped hopper structure, and three-foot supporting is common.
The material control device comprises a material control shaft and a spiral sheet, the spiral sheet is fixedly assembled at the lower part of the material control shaft, the material control shaft is vertically arranged, and the outer diameter of the spiral sheet is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge hole; the discharge hole at the bottom end of the hopper is cylindrical and has a certain height, the material control device is assembled in the discharge hole, the material control device is preferably coaxial, and the bottom of a spiral sheet of the material control device is flush with the bottom end of the discharge hole. The top end of the spiral sheet is higher than the upper edge of the cylindrical discharge port, so that the material at the conical bottom of the funnel-shaped hopper is stirred by the spiral sheet, and the material is conveniently discharged; the top of the spiral piece is lower than the flat partition plate described in example 2 to prevent the two from interfering with each other. If the technical scheme of the embodiment 1 is adopted, namely the flat partition plate is not arranged, the top end of the spiral piece can further extend upwards to the middle upper part of the hopper, so that the material on the upper part is also stirred by the spiral piece; furthermore, under the condition that the flat partition plate is not arranged, the spiral piece can adopt a non-equal-diameter structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, namely, the outer diameter of the spiral piece corresponding to the middle upper part of the hopper is large, and the outer diameters of the spiral pieces at the lower part and in the discharge port are small, so that the material at the middle upper part in the hopper can be fully stirred.
The material scattering device comprises a material disc, a plurality of shifting pieces and a material scattering shaft, wherein the material disc is disc-shaped, the diameter of the material disc is larger than the outer diameter of the material outlet, the plurality of shifting pieces are radially arranged on the upper surface of the material disc in a centrosymmetric manner, and the material scattering shaft is vertically fixed in the center of the material disc and extends upwards in the material scattering shaft direction; the structure of the material scattering device is easy to understand and is not described in detail.
The material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are assembled and connected by adopting a coaxial nested structure, and can coaxially rotate and do not interfere with each other; different from the conventional fly-seeding hopper, the embodiment adopts the coaxially driven material control device and the material scattering device, the driving device is arranged above the hopper, other spaces of the hopper are not occupied, the hopper can adopt a conventional shape without special shape, and the manufacture and the cost saving are convenient. In addition, the driving device is arranged on the top, so that the structure of a transmission system is simplified, and the controllability and the operability are superior to those of a conventional fly-seeding hopper.
The driving device comprises a power source which is realized by adopting any one source power device including but not limited to an electric motor, a gasoline engine, a diesel engine and a hydraulic motor; the driving device comprises a speed reducer and/or a transfer case, the speed reducer is used for matching and adjusting the running speed between the power source and the material control device and between the power source and the material scattering device, and the transfer case is used for distributing the power output of the power source.
The material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are respectively in transmission connection with a driving device; the top end of the material control shaft is in transmission connection with a speed reducer and/or a transfer case; the top end of the material scattering shaft is in transmission connection with the speed reducer and/or the transfer case. The driving modes of the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft can be simply understood as that the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are driven by the same set of source power device, but the parameters of the running speed, the torque and the like of the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft can be adjusted according to the actual requirement of material air seeding, and the flight parameters of the airplane are matched, so that the reasonable and efficient air seeding effect is finally obtained. Therefore, the transmission connection mode of the material control shaft, the material scattering shaft and the driving device can be optimized and realized by conventional means, and the details are not repeated herein.
The driving device is provided with an assembly frame and/or an assembly box, the assembly box is used for accommodating, assembling and packaging the driving device, and the assembly frame is used for fixedly assembling and connecting the driving device on the hopper; the bottom of the driving device is positioned above the upper edge of the hopper.
The speed reducer adopts any one of a gear reducer, a worm-gear reducer, a planetary gear reducer, a cycloidal pin gear reducer and a harmonic gear reducer.
[ example 2 ]
In the practical application in-process, the conventional flies to broadcast and fill also to have material jamming scheduling problem in the hopper, the reason probably includes material humidity, the particle size, the particle shape, effect etc. is piled up to the material, fly to broadcast the fill because of the conventional and adopt hopper-shaped hopper structure, the material of top forms the extrusion to the material of bottom, form lateral force balance between material and the hopper wall probably, even the material of hopper bottom discharge gate department has been emptied like this, the material of top also can unsettled jamming can't last discharge material, especially be close to the awl bottom part more, above-mentioned problem appears more easily.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in addition to the above embodiments, the hopper of the present embodiment is provided with a flat partition plate which is disc-shaped and horizontally disposed at the middle lower part of the hopper; the center of the flat partition plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft to pass through; the outer edge of the flat partition board is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hopper.
The flat partition plate is provided with a turnover door, the turnover door is provided with a door body and a door shaft, the door shaft is arranged in the middle of the door body, the flat partition plate is provided with a door opening capable of accommodating turnover of the turnover door, and the door body is assembled on the door opening through the door shaft; the turnover doors are arranged in a plurality of numbers, and the turnover doors are distributed on the flat partition plate in a central symmetry manner.
The door shaft is provided with a shifting wheel which is fixedly arranged at one end of the door shaft close to the central through hole of the flat partition plate, and the shifting wheel is provided with shifting teeth; the upper part of the shifting wheel is provided with a driving plate, the bottom surface of the driving plate is provided with a tooth groove matched with the shifting teeth of the shifting wheel, and the shifting teeth are meshed with the tooth groove; the top of the drive plate is provided with a drive shaft which is used for driving the drive plate to rotate, and the top end of the drive shaft is in transmission connection with a driving device.
When the material spreading device is used, the driving device drives the shifting shaft to rotate, the shifting wheel is driven by the driving plate to rotate, the shifting wheel drives the turnover door to rotate, finally, materials are evenly discharged from the door opening and fall into the conical bottom of the hopper in the rotating process, and the materials are uniformly spread by cooperation of the material control device and the material spreading device. Furthermore, in order to avoid synchronous opening and closing of the door bodies of the turnover doors and discharge of materials in a strand of ground fluctuation, the turnover doors can be adjusted to different angles, and when the dial plate drives the dial wheel to rotate, the turnover doors are opened and closed gradually, so that the materials are uniformly discharged in a constant-quantity constant-speed mode, and the uniform effect of flying seeding is guaranteed.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a prevent aircraft seeder of even ejection of compact of jam, this seeder is used for the discharge of autonomous control material, its characterized in that:
the seeding device is arranged below the airplane, and the airplane is connected with the seeding device through a flexible sling;
the seeding device comprises a hopper, a support, a material control device, a material scattering device and a driving device, wherein the hopper is used for containing and loading materials, the support is arranged outside the hopper and used for supporting the hopper to be stably placed on a plane, the material control device is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and used for controlling the materials to be continuously discharged at a constant speed and a constant flow rate, the material scattering device is arranged at the bottom of the material control device and used for quickly and uniformly scattering and discharging the materials discharged by the material control device, and the driving device is used for driving the material control device and/or the material scattering device to operate;
the hopper is round, the top of the hopper is open, the bottom of the hopper is funnel-shaped, and the tip of the funnel-shaped bottom of the hopper is provided with a discharge hole; the discharge port is cylindrical;
the support is of a frame structure and comprises support legs, the top ends of the support legs are fixed on the hopper, bottom feet are arranged at the bottom ends of the support legs, a cross beam is arranged in the middle of the support legs, one end of the cross beam is fixed in the middle of the support legs, and the other end of the cross beam is fixed at a discharge port of the hopper;
the material control device comprises a material control shaft and a spiral sheet, the spiral sheet is fixedly assembled at the lower part of the material control shaft, the material control shaft is vertically arranged, and the outer diameter of the spiral sheet is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge hole;
the material scattering device comprises a material disc, a plurality of shifting pieces and a material scattering shaft, wherein the material disc is disc-shaped, the diameter of the material disc is larger than the outer diameter of the material outlet, the plurality of shifting pieces are radially arranged on the upper surface of the material disc in a centrosymmetric manner, and the material scattering shaft is vertically fixed in the center of the material disc and extends upwards in the material scattering shaft direction;
the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are assembled and connected by adopting a coaxial nested structure, and can coaxially rotate and do not interfere with each other;
the driving device comprises a power source, and the power source is realized by any one of a motor, a gasoline engine, a diesel engine and a hydraulic motor; the driving device comprises a speed reducer and/or a transfer case, the speed reducer is used for matching and adjusting the running speed between the power source and the material control device and between the power source and the material scattering device, and the transfer case is used for distributing the power output of the power source.
2. The anti-clogging uniform-discharging airplane seeding device according to claim 1, wherein:
the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft are respectively in transmission connection with a driving device;
the top end of the material control shaft is in transmission connection with a speed reducer and/or a transfer case;
the top end of the material scattering shaft is in transmission connection with the speed reducer and/or the transfer case.
3. The anti-clogging uniform-discharging airplane seeding device according to claim 1, wherein:
the driving device is provided with an assembly frame and/or an assembly box, the assembly box is used for accommodating, assembling and packaging the driving device, and the assembly frame is used for fixedly assembling and connecting the driving device on the hopper;
the bottom of the driving device is positioned above the upper edge of the hopper.
4. The anti-clogging uniform-discharging airplane seeding device according to claim 1, wherein:
the speed reducer adopts any one of a gear reducer, a worm-gear reducer, a planetary gear reducer, a cycloidal pin gear reducer and a harmonic gear reducer.
5. An anti-clogging uniform discharging airplane seeding device according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
a flat partition plate is arranged in the hopper, is disc-shaped and is horizontally arranged at the middle lower part in the hopper;
the center of the flat partition plate is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is used for the material control shaft and the material scattering shaft to pass through;
the outer edge of the flat partition plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the hopper;
the flat partition plate is provided with a turnover door, the turnover door is provided with a door body and a door shaft, the door shaft is arranged in the middle of the door body, the flat partition plate is provided with a door opening capable of accommodating turnover of the turnover door, and the door body is assembled on the door opening through the door shaft;
the turnover doors are arranged in a plurality of numbers, and the turnover doors are distributed on the flat partition plate in a central symmetry manner.
6. The anti-clogging uniform-discharging airplane seeding device according to claim 5, wherein:
the door shaft is provided with a shifting wheel which is fixedly arranged at one end of the door shaft close to the central through hole of the flat partition plate, and the shifting wheel is provided with shifting teeth;
the upper part of the shifting wheel is provided with a driving plate, the bottom surface of the driving plate is provided with a tooth groove matched with the shifting teeth of the shifting wheel, and the shifting teeth are meshed with the tooth groove;
the top of the drive plate is provided with a drive shaft which is used for driving the drive plate to rotate, and the top end of the drive shaft is in transmission connection with a driving device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123043375.0U CN216301479U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Prevent blockking up aircraft seeder of even ejection of compact |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123043375.0U CN216301479U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Prevent blockking up aircraft seeder of even ejection of compact |
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| CN216301479U true CN216301479U (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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