CN216300223U

CN216300223U - Vertical autoclave

Info

Publication number: CN216300223U
Application number: CN202122845790.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张小中
Original assignee: Puma Zhejiang Aviation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Jaguar Special Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-19
Filing date: 2021-11-19
Publication date: 2022-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical autoclave, which relates to the technical field of autoclaves and aims to solve the problems that the prior horizontal autoclave is easy to have uneven heating and pressurizing phenomenon in the production process, the quality of a hot pressed part is influenced, the temperature in the autoclave is slowly reduced, and the production efficiency is low; the electrical control aspect adopts PLC computer full-automatic control of temperature, pressure and time, thereby improving the controllability of equipment and process and enhancing the use safety.

Description

Vertical autoclave

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of autoclave, in particular to a vertical autoclave.

Background

The autoclave process is a process developed aiming at the production of the second generation composite material, is formed in the 40 th century and gradually popularized and used until the 60 th century, is widely applied to the high and new technical fields of aerospace, composite materials, electronics, weapons, traffic, sports equipment, novel energy sources and the like, particularly plays a great role in the production of various skin parts, is a mature process, accounts for more than 50% of the yield of the whole composite material product, has the specific gravity of more than 80% in the aerospace field, is one of the forming methods of carbon fiber composite material components, and is also widely used by a plurality of carbon fiber composite material part manufacturers at present.

The autoclave molding refers to a process method of laying and stacking single-layer prepreg in a preset direction into a composite material blank, putting the composite material blank into an autoclave, and completing a curing process at a fixed temperature and under a fixed pressure, wherein the autoclave is a special pressure container capable of bearing and controlling the fixed temperature and the fixed pressure range, the blank is laid on the surface of a mold attached with a release agent, then is sequentially covered with a porous anti-sticking cloth (film) and a nylon felt breathable felt, is sealed in a vacuum bag, and then is put into the autoclave, the bag is firstly vacuumized before heating and curing to remove air and volatile matters, and then is heated, pressurized and cured according to curing systems of different resins.

The autoclave, which is the main production equipment for aerospace composite parts, is a container with an integral heating system, and since the autoclave is a pressure container, it is usually a cylinder with one end closed and the other open, providing the necessary heat and pressure for the compaction and curing of advanced composite parts, and usually, the size of aerospace composite parts is very large, so the autoclave must be larger, and at the same time, some composite materials require higher pressure and temperature for forming, and for this case, a special autoclave needs to be built.

One of the main advantages of autoclaves is that they are suitable for the production of a wide variety of materials, as long as composites can be produced with cure cycles, pressures and temperatures within the limits of the autoclave, and another advantage is that they have a great flexibility in pressurizing composite parts, usually by laying the part on one side of a mold, then placing it in a vacuum bag, applying pressure to the part to cause it to cling to the mold, and the pressure on the part is further enhanced by evacuating the bag. Therefore, the autoclave molding technology can produce composite material parts with different shapes, and due to the advantages, the autoclave is widely applied to the production of advanced composite material parts for aerospace.

The existing autoclave is generally of a horizontal structure, the quality of hot pressed parts is affected due to the fact that the phenomenon of uneven heating and pressurizing is easily caused by structural reasons in the production process, the temperature reduction in the autoclave is slow, and the production efficiency is not high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problems in the prior art, the utility model discloses a vertical autoclave, which adopts the technical scheme that the autoclave comprises a tank body, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an air source, a water source and an oil cylinder, wherein the PLC controller, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on the tank body, the air source, the water source and the oil cylinder are arranged beside the tank body, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the air source, the water source and the oil cylinder are connected with the PLC controller, the tank body also comprises an upper tank body and a lower tank body, the upper tank body is a shell with a transparent bottom, the lower tank body is a shell with a transparent top, the upper tank body is matched with the lower tank body, a lifting lug is arranged on the upper tank body, a fixing ring in rotary connection is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the upper tank body, a toothed ring is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing ring, the edge of the outer side of the top of the lower tank body is provided with a latch, the latch is matched with the toothed ring, a support is arranged in the lower tank body, a processing table is arranged on the support, a mold table is arranged on the processing table, the top surface of the mold table is provided with air extraction holes, the air extraction holes are multiple groups, a vacuum bag is arranged on the mold table, the air extraction holes can carry out vacuum-pumping operation on the vacuum bag, the bottom of the lower tank body is provided with a high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan and a supporting mechanism, the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan faces upwards and is positioned in the lower tank body, the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan is provided with a circulating air box, the top and two sides of the circulating air box are transparent, the top of the circulating air box is provided with a cooler, an electric heating pipe is also arranged in the lower tank body, the electric heating pipe is provided with multiple groups, and the side wall of the lower tank body is provided with a cooling water inlet, The cooling water inlet is connected with the water source, the cooling water inlet is connected with the cooling water outlet through a water pipe, the water pipe penetrates through the cooler, the heat conduction oil inlet is connected with the oil cylinder, the heat conduction oil inlet is connected with the heat conduction oil outlet through an oil pipe, the oil pipe penetrates through the machining table, the air inlet is connected with the air source, the vacuum pipe is connected with the air exhaust hole, and the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan is connected with the electric heating pipe and the PLC.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the inner walls of the upper tank body and the lower tank body are respectively provided with a heat-insulating and pressure-resistant layer, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved, and the pressure-resistant strength is enhanced.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the edge of the top opening of the lower tank body is provided with the sealing ring, and the sealing ring can enhance the connection tightness between the upper tank body and the lower tank body and enhance the sealing effect and the safety.

As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, the fixing ring is provided with a screw hole, a fixing bolt in threaded connection is arranged in the screw hole, one end of the fixing bolt in the fixing ring is provided with a pressing block, the pressing block can enhance friction between the fixing bolt and the upper tank body, and the other end of the fixing bolt is provided with a rotating handle, which can be used for manually rotating the fixing bolt.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the processing table is provided with a hollow supporting portion, the hollow supporting portion can increase a contact area with air and improve heat exchange efficiency, and the top of the processing table is provided with a heat conducting portion, and the heat conducting portion can conduct heat to the mold table.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the oil pipe is wound inside the heat conduction portion, so that a contact area between the oil pipe and the heat conduction portion can be increased, and heat transfer efficiency can be improved.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the vacuum solenoid valve is arranged on the vacuum tube and is connected with the PLC controller, so that the electric automatic operation of the vacuum environment is realized.

As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the support mechanism is a support leg, and can support the lower tank, a fixing plate is disposed at the bottom of the support leg, and a through hole is disposed on the fixing plate, so that the fixing plate can be connected with the ground or a pre-installation position and fixed by a bolt.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the number of the water pipes is at least three, the water pipes are connected with each other through flanges, the water pipes with different pipe diameters can be conveniently replaced according to needs, and the water pipes are coiled in the cooler, so that the heat exchange area is increased.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the utility model, the tank body of the autoclave is erected, the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan is arranged at the bottom end of the tank body, so that the circulating path of air in the tank body is more uniform and reasonable, the efficiency and the speed of the temperature rising process in the tank body are high, the short plate of the horizontal autoclave is supplemented, the connection between the upper tank body and the lower tank body can be conveniently and quickly fixed by arranging the fixing ring, the operation is simple, the use is convenient and fast, the working efficiency is improved, the air in the tank body is heated by the electric heating pipe, the air circulation is carried out in the tank body by the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan, and the efficiency and the speed of air heating are stably and efficiently improved; the electric control aspect adopts PLC computer full-automatic control of temperature, pressure and time, the operation is simple and convenient, the manual participation is reduced as much as possible, the controllability of equipment and process is improved, the use safety is enhanced, and the process flows of vacuumizing, heating, temperature control, thermal cycle, solidification, forming, pressure supplementing, constant pressure, temperature reduction and the like are automatically completed by a hot-pressing control system.

Drawings

The technical scheme of the utility model is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description or the prior art will be briefly described below; throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals; in the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the lower can body of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the mold table of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooler according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-an upper tank body, 2-a lower tank body, 3-an air inlet, 4-an electric heating pipe, 5-a cooling water inlet, 6-a heat-conducting oil inlet, 7-a vacuum pipe, 8-a high-temperature and high-pressure circulating fan, 10-a fixing ring, 11-a vacuum bag, 12-a mould table, 13-a support, 14-a cooler, 30-an air outlet, 50-a cooling water outlet, 60-a heat-conducting oil outlet and 101-a fixing bolt.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in figures 1 to 5, the utility model discloses a vertical autoclave, which adopts the technical scheme that the autoclave comprises a tank body, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an air source, a water source and an oil cylinder, wherein the PLC controller, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on the tank body, the air source, the water source and the oil cylinder are arranged beside the tank body, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the air source, the water source and the oil cylinder are connected with the PLC controller, the tank body also comprises an upper tank body 1 and a lower tank body 2, the upper tank body 1 is a shell with a through bottom, the lower tank body 2 is a shell with a through top, the upper tank body 1 is matched with the lower tank body 2, the upper tank body 1 is provided with a lifting lug 10 which is rotatably connected on the outer wall of the bottom of the upper tank body 1, the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing ring 10 is provided with a tooth ring, the edge of the outer side of the top of the lower tank body 2 is provided with a latch which is matched with the gear ring, a support 13 is arranged in the lower tank body 2, a processing table is arranged on the support 13, a mould table 12 is arranged on the processing table, the top surface of the mould table 12 is provided with a plurality of groups of air exhaust holes, a vacuum bag 11 is arranged on the mould table 12, the air exhaust holes can carry out vacuum-pumping operation on the vacuum bag 11, the air exhaust efficiency is improved, and the vacuum bag 11 is uniformly contracted, the bottom of the lower tank body 2 is provided with a high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan 8 and a supporting mechanism, the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan 8 is upward and is positioned in the lower tank body 2, the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan 8 is provided with a circulating air box, the top and two sides of the circulating air box are through, the top of the circulating air box is provided with a cooler 14, and an electric heating pipe 4 is also arranged in the lower tank body 2, the electric heating pipe 4 has the multiunit, the lateral wall of the lower jar of body 2 is equipped with cooling water inlet 5, cooling delivery port 50, air inlet 3, gas vent 30, conduction oil import 6, conduction oil export 60, vacuum tube 7, cooling water inlet 5 is connected the water source, cooling water inlet 5 with through water piping connection between the cooling delivery port 50, the water pipe passes cooler 14, conduction oil import 6 is connected the hydro-cylinder, conduction oil import 6 with through oil piping connection between the conduction oil export 60, oil piping passes the processing platform, air inlet 3 is connected the air supply, vacuum tube 7 is connected the aspirating hole, high temperature high pressure circulating fan 8 electric heating pipe 4 with the PLC controller is connected.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the inner walls of the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2 are both provided with a heat-insulating and pressure-resistant layer, so that the heat-insulating effect is improved, the compressive strength is enhanced, the uniformity of a temperature field is improved, and the product quality is ensured.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the edge of the top opening of the lower tank body 2 is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring can enhance the connection tightness between the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2, enhance the sealing effect and safety, improve the production efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.

As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, a screw hole is formed in the fixing ring 10, a fixing bolt 101 in threaded connection is arranged in the screw hole, a pressing block is arranged at one end of the fixing bolt 101 in the fixing ring 10, the pressing block can enhance friction between the fixing bolt 101 and the upper tank body 1, and enhance fixing effect, and a rotating handle is arranged at the other end of the fixing bolt 101, and can be used for manually rotating the fixing bolt 101, so that rotation torque is prolonged, and rotation efficiency is improved.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the processing table is provided with a hollow supporting portion, the hollow supporting portion can increase a contact area with air, improve heat exchange efficiency, and further improve production efficiency, and the top of the processing table is provided with a heat conducting portion, the heat conducting portion can conduct heat to the mold table 12, and improve heat conducting efficiency of the mold table 12.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the oil pipe is coiled inside the heat conducting portion, so that a contact area between the oil pipe and the heat conducting portion can be increased, heat transfer efficiency is improved, fine control of temperature accuracy is facilitated, and temperature control efficiency is improved.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the vacuum solenoid valve is arranged on the vacuum tube 7 and is connected with the PLC controller, so that the electric automatic operation of a vacuum environment is realized, and the processing flow is convenient to control.

As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the supporting mechanism is a supporting leg, which can support the lower tank body 2, and has a simple structure and is convenient to install, the bottom of the supporting leg is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is provided with a through hole, the fixing plate can be connected with the ground or a pre-installation position, and the fixing plate is fixed by a bolt, so as to enhance the vertical stability of the tank body.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the three groups of water pipes are connected with each other through flanges, the water pipes with different pipe diameters can be conveniently replaced according to needs, the maintenance of the autoclave is convenient, and the water pipes are arranged in the cooler 14 in a coiling manner, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: hanging a lifting lug by using an external hoisting machine, vertically lifting an upper tank body 1, putting a paved part material into a vacuum bag 11, sealing the vacuum bag 11, dropping the upper tank body 1 to be buckled on a lower tank body 2, enabling a toothed ring at the bottom of a fixing ring 10 to be staggered with a latch on the lower tank body 2, buckling the upper tank body 1 and the lower tank body 2, rotating the fixing ring 10 by using a fixing bolt 101 to enable the toothed ring to be jointed with the latch, enabling the upper tank body 1 to be fixedly connected with the lower tank body 2, then rotating the fixing bolt 101 to enable a pressing block at the tail end of the fixing ring to tightly press the upper tank body 1, ensuring that the fixing ring 10 cannot be loosened, connecting a vacuum valve 7 by using external air pumping equipment, opening a vacuum electromagnetic valve, vacuumizing the vacuum bag 11 through an air pumping hole on a mould table 12, starting a high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan 8 and an electric heating pipe 4 to enable heated air to enter from a side wall opening of a circulating air box and then blow out from a top opening, blowing the hot air to the top of the tank body through the bracket 13 and a processing table on the bracket, supplying heat-conducting oil to a heat-conducting oil inlet 6 by an oil cylinder, enabling the heat-conducting oil to flow through an oil pipe from the processing table for heat exchange, then flowing out from a heat-conducting oil outlet 60 for heating and heating the inside of the tank body, wherein the heat-conducting oil can improve the heating speed of the processing table, so that the heating speeds of the top and the bottom of the vacuum bag 11 are basically kept consistent, the temperature control precision is improved, the product quality is guaranteed, if the temperature is overhigh, a water source can be opened, cooling water enters a cooling water inlet 5, the cooling water passes through a water pipe in a cooler 14 for cooling the air passing through the cooler 14, so that the temperature in the tank is adjusted, an exhaust port 30 is closed, air is sent to an air inlet 3 through an air source, the air pressure is increased to the condition required by hot-pressing, the air pressure adjustment is carried out by opening and closing the air inlet 3 and the exhaust port 30, meanwhile, the temperature in the tank is also set at the level of the technological requirement, the hot pressing treatment is carried out on the material of the workpiece, after the time of the technological requirement is reached, the electric heating pipe 4 is closed, the heating is stopped, the exhaust port 30 is opened, the pressure in the tank is reduced, the heat is taken away through cooling water, the heat flows out from the cooling water outlet 50, the air in the tank is cooled, the air is made to flow in the tank through the air source to be cooled, the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan 8, the air source, the water source and the oil cylinder are stopped when the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, the fixing ring 101 is rotated reversely, then the fixing ring 10 is rotated to enable the clamping teeth to be staggered with the toothed ring, the tank body 1 is lifted, and the processed workpiece is taken out.

The circuit connections according to the utility model are conventional means used by the person skilled in the art and can be suggested by a limited number of tests, which are common knowledge.

Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two elements can be communicated with each other, so that the specific meaning of the terms in the utility model can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vertical autoclave, includes a jar body, PLC controller, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, air supply, water source, hydro-cylinder, be equipped with on the jar body the PLC controller temperature sensor pressure sensor, jar body is equipped with on one side the air supply the water source the hydro-cylinder, temperature sensor pressure sensor the air supply the water source the hydro-cylinder with the PLC controller is connected, its characterized in that: the tank body also comprises an upper tank body (1) and a lower tank body (2), wherein the upper tank body (1) is a shell with a transparent bottom, the lower tank body (2) is a shell with a transparent top, the upper tank body (1) is matched with the lower tank body (2), a lifting lug is arranged on the upper tank body (1), a fixing ring (10) which is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the bottom of the upper tank body (1) is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the fixing ring (10), a toothed ring is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the fixing ring (10), a latch is arranged on the outer edge of the top of the lower tank body (2), the latch is matched with the toothed ring, a bracket (13) is arranged inside the lower tank body (2), a processing table is arranged on the bracket (13), a mold table (12) is arranged on the processing table, an air exhaust hole is arranged on the top surface of the mold table (12), a plurality of groups of air exhaust holes are arranged on the mold table (12), a vacuum bag (11) is arranged on the mold table (12), the bottom of the lower tank body (2) is provided with a high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan (8) and a supporting mechanism, the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan (8) faces upwards and is positioned in the lower tank body (2), the output end of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan (8) is provided with a circulating air box, the top and two sides of the circulating air box are through, the top of the circulating air box is provided with a cooler (14), the lower tank body (2) is also internally provided with electric heating pipes (4), the electric heating pipes (4) are provided with a plurality of groups, the side wall of the lower tank body (2) is provided with a cooling water inlet (5), a cooling water outlet (50), an air inlet (3), an air outlet (30), a heat-conducting oil inlet (6), a heat-conducting oil outlet (60) and a vacuum pipe (7), the cooling water inlet (5) is connected with the cooling water outlet (50) through a water pipe, the water pipe penetrates through the cooler (14), the heat conduction oil inlet (6) is connected with the oil cylinder, the heat conduction oil inlet (6) is connected with the heat conduction oil outlet (60) through an oil pipe, the oil pipe penetrates through the machining table, the air inlet (3) is connected with the air source, the vacuum pipe (7) is connected with the air suction hole, and the high-temperature high-pressure circulating fan (8) and the electric heating pipe (4) are connected with the PLC.

2. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner walls of the upper tank body (1) and the lower tank body (2) are both provided with a heat insulation and pressure resistance layer.

3. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a sealing ring is arranged on the edge of the top opening of the lower tank body (2).

4. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screw hole is formed in the fixing ring (10), a fixing bolt (101) in threaded connection is arranged in the screw hole, a pressing block is arranged at one end of the fixing bolt (101) in the fixing ring (10), and a rotating handle is arranged at the other end of the fixing bolt (101).

5. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the processing table is characterized in that a hollow supporting part is arranged at the bottom of the processing table, and a heat conducting part is arranged at the top of the processing table.

6. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 5, characterized in that: the oil pipe is coiled inside the heat conducting part.

7. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a vacuum electromagnetic valve is arranged on the vacuum tube (7) and is connected with the PLC.

8. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting mechanism is a supporting leg, a fixing plate is arranged at the bottom of the supporting leg, and a through hole is formed in the fixing plate.

9. A vertical autoclave, according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water pipes are connected through flanges, and are arranged in the cooler (14) in a winding mode.