CN216274293U - Spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system - Google Patents
Spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216274293U CN216274293U CN202123079430.1U CN202123079430U CN216274293U CN 216274293 U CN216274293 U CN 216274293U CN 202123079430 U CN202123079430 U CN 202123079430U CN 216274293 U CN216274293 U CN 216274293U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system, which comprises a slow cooling pit with an outer cover, a sand layer padded at the bottom in the slow cooling pit, an inner cover and a large round billet with the section being more than or equal to phi 500mm and heat, wherein a plurality of large round billets are placed on the sand layer side by side, at least 5 layers are coaxially stacked, and spring steel with the diameter being less than phi 30mm to be heated is placed in a groove formed between every two large round billets on the uppermost layer. Compared with the traditional spring steel stress relief annealing and softening annealing, the utility model has no new energy consumption, only utilizes the waste heat of the continuous casting round billet entering the slow cooling pit at high temperature, and has the advantage of energy conservation.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model relates to a spring steel heat treatment device in the steel industry, in particular to a spring steel waste heat stress-relief softening annealing system.
Background art:
the spring steel is special steel for manufacturing various springs and elastic elements. The spring steel is used as special steel and is mainly applied to the industries of railways, automobiles, machinery and the like. In recent years, the amount of automotive springs used has also increased.
Springs are used under the action of impact, vibration or long-term alternating stress, and spring steel is required to have high strength, elastic limit and high fatigue strength. Because the spring steel belongs to medium-high carbon steel, the alloy element content is high, the specification is small, the cooling speed is high, a large amount of residual stress is easily generated after rolling, the hardness is abnormally high, the blanking use of a user is influenced, and stress cracks can be generated during forging in severe cases. When improper cooling occurs and hardness abnormality occurs, only annealing can be adopted to reduce hardness, but annealing brings about increase of production cost, and improper annealing even causes the problems of too low hardness or uneven hardness. An apparatus with uniform hardness after annealing, simple method and low cost is urgently needed to reduce the hardness of the spring steel and achieve the aim of not influencing the processing of users.
The utility model content is as follows:
the utility model aims to provide a spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system. Under the condition of not increasing the production cost, the slow cooling pit of the large round billet is improved, and residual heat stress removal and softening annealing of the small-specification spring steel are realized, so that the blanking processing and forging use of users can be met.
The utility model solves the problems by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system, includes the slow cooling hole that is equipped with the enclosing cover, fills up the sand bed of bottom in the slow cooling hole, still includes inner cup, section and is greater than or equal to phi 500mm and has thermal big circle base, and many big circle bases lay in side by side on the sand bed, and 5 layers are piled up to the coaxial line at least, in the groove that forms between two liang of big circle bases of the superiors, place the diameter that treats the heating and be less than phi 30mm spring steel.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that a 10 mm gap is reserved between the two ends of the large round billet and the wall of the slow cooling pit.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that the arc top surface of the large round billet on the uppermost layer is at least 200mm away from the lower surface of the inner cover.
According to a further improvement, the spring steel is bundled by steel belts, and the diameter of the bundle is smaller than the radius of the large round billet.
The utility model further improves the scheme that the spring steel is shorter than the large round billet or has the same length with the large round billet.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that the height of the sand layer is 40-50 mm.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that the inner cover is arranged below the outer cover, and the edge part of the inner cover is placed on a step arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling pit.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that the outer cover and the inner cover are both steel plates provided with clamping cavities, and heat insulation cotton is arranged in the clamping cavities.
The utility model has the further improvement scheme that the slow cooling pit is of a reinforced concrete structure.
The principle of residual heat destressing and softening annealing of the spring steel of the utility model is specifically explained as follows:
annealing is a heat treatment process for metals, which refers to slowly heating the metal to a certain temperature, holding for a sufficient time, and then cooling at an appropriate rate. The purpose is to reduce hardness and improve machinability; the residual stress is reduced, the size is stabilized, and the deformation and crack tendency is reduced; refining grains, adjusting the structure and eliminating the structure defects.
The stress relief annealing is a heat treatment process of heating the workpiece to a proper temperature below AC1 (the temperature of non-alloy steel is generally 500-600 ℃), and cooling along with a furnace after heat preservation. The annealing temperature of stress relief annealing is low, no structure transformation exists in the annealing process, the annealing furnace is mainly used for eliminating residual stress, stabilizing the size and the shape of a workpiece and reducing deformation and crack tendency of the workpiece in the cutting processing and using processes.
The utility model can fully utilize the waste heat of the continuous casting billet to carry out temperature compensation heating, heat preservation and slow cooling on a small amount of spring steel, thereby achieving the effects of stress relief annealing and hardness reduction.
The hardness of the spring steel processed by the system can be reduced to be less than or equal to 330HB from 400 HB-450 HB. The hardness uniformity and the hardness of the whole bundle are within the range of 310 HB-330 HB. The bending degree of the spring steel is not influenced, and the depth of the surface decarburization layer is not influenced. The utility model does not increase the production cost, and is efficient, green and environment-friendly.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) compared with the traditional spring steel stress relief annealing and softening annealing, the system has no new energy consumption and only utilizes the waste heat of the continuous casting round billet entering the slow cooling pit at high temperature. The surface temperature of the round billet entering the slow cooling pit stack is more than or equal to 580 ℃, the core temperature is more than or equal to 700 ℃, and the temperature return after entering the slow cooling pit can reach 650-700 ℃.
(2) The utility model is suitable for spring steel with the specification not larger than phi 30mm, requires firm bundling and can carry out heat treatment on the whole bundle.
(3) According to the utility model, a large round billet with the section more than or equal to phi 500mm is selected and put into a slow cooling pit for slow cooling at high temperature, and the large round billet is stacked over 5 layers coaxially. The large section not only ensures that the temperature of the core part of the large round billet is diffused outwards enough to achieve the effect of temperature return, but also increases the contact area between the top layer surface of the large round billet and the spring steel, thereby being very beneficial to the temperature rise of the spring steel. The large round billet is stacked coaxially, so that the cooling speed can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the heat of the large round billet is ensured to be transferred to the spring steel in time. More than 5 layers are stacked to have enough heat sources to ensure that heat can be continuously conducted from bottom to top.
(4) The circular arc top surface of the large round billet on the uppermost layer is at least 200mm away from the lower surface of the inner cover, so that the heat of the large round billet is ensured to be directly contacted and conducted, and the temperature uniformity of the spring steel is improved through the heat convection of hot gas.
(5) According to the utility model, the firmly bundled spring steel needing to be reduced in hardness is stacked in the middle of the arc-shaped groove between the top layers of the continuous casting round billets, so that the whole bundle of spring steel can be fully contacted with the surfaces of the continuous casting round billets, and the contact area of the surfaces is increased; the spring steel in a room temperature state is placed on the uppermost layer of the continuous casting round billet stacking position, a heat preservation cover is covered in time, the heat preservation time is set to be 48 hours, the heat of the continuous casting round billet is conducted to the spring steel by utilizing the principle of heat rising, and the temperature of the spring steel is guaranteed to reach 580-600 ℃.
(6) The utility model adopts double-layer covering for heat preservation, utilizes the inner cover to seal the system, reduces heat loss, uses the outer cover for secondary heat insulation, ensures that the spring steel has enough temperature rise time, and slowly cools together with the continuous casting round billet after reaching the temperature balance point to achieve the effects of eliminating internal stress and softening tissues.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one end of the present invention
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in figure 1, the utility model comprises a slow cooling pit 2 provided with an outer cover 1, a sand layer 3 padded at the bottom in the slow cooling pit, an inner cover 6 and a large round billet 4 with the section diameter of phi 500mm and heat, wherein a plurality of large round billets 4 are arranged on the sand layer 3 side by side, the height of the sand layer 3 is 40-50 mm, 5 layers of large round billets are coaxially stacked in the application, and spring steel 5 with the diameter of less than phi 30mm to be heated is placed in a groove formed between every two large round billets 4 at the uppermost layer.
And a 10 mm gap is reserved between the two ends of the large round billet 4 and the wall of the slow cooling pit. The arc top surface of the big round billet 4 on the uppermost layer is at least 200mm away from the lower surface of the inner cover 6. The spring steel 5 is bundled by steel belts, and the diameter of the bundle is smaller than the radius of the large round blank. In this embodiment the spring steel is of equal length to the large round billet.
The inner cover 6 is arranged below the outer cover 1, and the edge part of the inner cover 6 is placed on a step arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling pit 2. The outer cover 1 and the inner cover 6 are both steel plates provided with clamping cavities, and heat insulation cotton is arranged in the clamping cavities.
And the slow cooling pit 2 is of a reinforced concrete structure.
Working principle of the utility model
The surface temperature of the round billet entering the slow cooling pit is more than or equal to 580 ℃, and the core temperature is more than or equal to 700 ℃; the spring steel with the specification of no more than phi 30mm is bundled and firmly packed, and is stacked in the middle of the arc-shaped groove between the two large round billets, so that the spring steel can be fully contacted with the surfaces of the large round billets (the contact area of the surfaces is increased); the inner cover and the outer cover are covered in time, the heat preservation time is set to be 48 hours, the heat of the large round blank (4) is transferred to the spring steel through conduction and convection by utilizing the principle that the heat rises, the temperature of the spring steel can be ensured to reach 580-600 ℃, and the spring steel and the large round blank are cooled slowly under the temperature condition, so that the effects of eliminating internal stress and softening tissues are achieved.
The utility model carries out three batches of heat treatment on the spring steel with the diameter of 25.
The hardness distribution of the obtained spring steel is shown in Table 1, and the decarburized layer and the degree of bending are shown in tables 2 and 3 in comparison with those in the prior art.
TABLE 1 spring Steel hardness distribution/HB after Heat treatment
TABLE 2 comparison of the decarburized layer of the utility model with the prior art
TABLE 3 comparison of the degree of inventive curvature with the prior art
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system, is including being equipped with slow cooling hole (2) of enclosing cover (1), fills up sand bed (3) of bottom in slow cooling hole, its characterized in that: the steel ball is characterized by further comprising an inner cover (6) and large round billets (4) with the cross section being larger than or equal to phi 500mm and heat, wherein the large round billets (4) are placed on the sand layer (3) side by side, at least 5 layers are stacked coaxially, and spring steel (5) with the diameter being smaller than phi 30mm to be heated is placed in a groove formed between the two large round billets (4) on the uppermost layer.
2. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a 10 mm gap is reserved between the two ends of the large round billet (4) and the wall of the slow cooling pit.
3. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arc top surface of the big round billet (4) on the uppermost layer is at least 200mm away from the lower surface of the inner cover (6).
4. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spring steel (5) is bundled by steel belts, and the diameter of the bundle is smaller than the radius of the large round blank.
5. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spring steel (5) is shorter than the large round billet or is as long as the large round billet.
6. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the sand layer (3) is 40-50 mm.
7. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner cover (6) is arranged below the outer cover (1), and the edge part of the inner cover (6) is placed on a step arranged on the inner wall of the slow cooling pit (2).
8. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the outer cover (1) and the inner cover (6) are both steel plates provided with clamping cavities, and heat insulation cotton is arranged in the clamping cavities.
9. The spring steel residual heat stress-relief softening annealing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slow cooling pit (2) is of a reinforced concrete structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123079430.1U CN216274293U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202123079430.1U CN216274293U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Spring steel waste heat destressing softening annealing system |
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| CN216274293U true CN216274293U (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115707537A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-21 | 江苏沙钢集团淮钢特钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-cost large-specification high-alloy steel continuous casting round billet |
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2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202123079430.1U patent/CN216274293U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115707537A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-21 | 江苏沙钢集团淮钢特钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-cost large-specification high-alloy steel continuous casting round billet |
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