CN216260703U

CN216260703U - Cracking tube and organic mixed gas cracking device

Info

Publication number: CN216260703U
Application number: CN202122993804.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林宁丽
Original assignee: Beijing Lingwa Taihao Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Lingwa Taihao Environmental Protection Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-01
Filing date: 2021-12-01
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-01

Abstract

The application provides a cracking tube and an organic mixed gas cracking device, wherein the cracking tube comprises a heating tube body, an ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil, a central tube body, a plasma emitter, a plasma recoverer and a flow guide piece, and the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil is sleeved outside the heating tube body; the central tube body is arranged in the heating tube body in a penetrating way, and the central tube body and the heating tube body jointly define an annular flow channel for the flowing of the organic mixed gas; the plasma emitter is connected with one end of the central tube body, and the plasma recoverer is connected with the other end of the central tube body; the flow guide piece is arranged in the annular flow passage and used for guiding the organic mixed gas to flow from one end of the annular flow passage to the other end in a spiral shape. Good cracking effect and little environmental pollution.

Description

Cracking tube and organic mixed gas cracking device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a cracking tube and an organic mixed gas cracking device.

Background

After solid wastes such as household garbage, industrial solid wastes and garbage landfill wastes are subjected to high-temperature dry distillation, a large amount of mixed gas containing tar, wood vinegar, macromolecular organic matters above C22, dioxin decomposition products and the like is generated. If the cracking treatment is not performed, the waste gas is discharged into the air, and serious pollution is generated. If the mixed gas is directly used, harmful substances in the mixed gas can cause serious damage to pipelines, used equipment and the like. If the materials are separated by a physical mode, the obtained mixture of tar, wood vinegar and the like is difficult to be reprocessed; dioxin is also synthesized in large quantities during the separation process, causing irreversible damage to the environment. The decomposition rate of tar, wood vinegar and macromolecular substances with the temperature of more than C22 to small molecular substances with the temperature of less than C22 is 97 percent at 1400 ℃. By utilizing the characteristics of the organic mixed gas, the ultrahigh-temperature organic mixed gas cracking device is invented.

The inventor researches and discovers that the existing organic mixed gas cracking equipment has the following defects:

low efficiency and easy damage to environment in the cracking process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a cracking tube and an organic mixed gas cracking device, which can improve the efficiency, can rapidly crack the mixed gas of the dry distillation gas of the solid waste, and can synthesize renewable energy again, thereby thoroughly avoiding or reducing the damage to the environment in the solid waste treatment process.

The embodiment of the utility model is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a lysis tube comprising:

the plasma generator comprises a heating tube body, an ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil, a central tube body, a plasma emitter, a plasma recoverer and a flow guide piece, wherein the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil is sleeved outside the heating tube body; the central tube body is arranged in the heating tube body in a penetrating way, and the central tube body and the heating tube body jointly define an annular flow channel for the flowing of the organic mixed gas; the plasma emitter is connected with one end of the central tube body, and the plasma recoverer is connected with the other end of the central tube body; the flow guide piece is arranged in the annular flow passage and used for guiding the organic mixed gas to flow from one end of the annular flow passage to the other end in a spiral shape.

In an alternative embodiment, the flow guide is connected to the central tube and is provided as a spiral sheet around the central tube.

In an optional embodiment, the cracking tube further comprises a heat sink disposed in the annular flow passage, one side of the heat sink is connected to the heat generating tube body, and the other side of the heat sink is spaced from the flow guide member.

In an optional embodiment, the cracking tube further comprises nano aerogel, ceramic wool and a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve is inserted into the heating tube body, and the peripheral surface of the protective sleeve is connected with the inner tube wall of the heating tube body; the ceramic wool is sleeved outside the heating tube body and is connected with the outer tube wall of the heating tube body; the nano aerogel covers the peripheral surface of the ceramic wool.

In an optional embodiment, the cracking tube further comprises a plasma water cooling system, and the plasma water cooling system is provided with an energy supply channel which is communicated with the plasma emitter.

In an optional embodiment, the cracking tube further comprises a tapered inlet tube and a tapered outlet tube, and the tapered inlet tube and the tapered outlet tube are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating tube body and are both communicated with the heating tube body.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an organic mixed gas cracking apparatus, comprising:

the lysis tube of any of the preceding embodiments.

In an optional embodiment, the organic mixed gas cracking device further comprises a shell, a cracked gas transfer pipeline, a solid matter recoverer, a cracked gas conveying pipeline, a condenser and a diesel oil recoverer, wherein the cracked pipe is installed in the shell, the shell is provided with an injection port and cracked gas collecting chambers which are positioned at two ends of the cracked pipe, and the cracked gas collecting chambers are simultaneously communicated with the cracked gas transfer pipeline and the solid matter recoverer; the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline are both communicated with the condenser; the diesel oil recoverer is connected with the condenser and is used for recovering liquid formed after condensation of the condenser.

In an optional embodiment, a baffle is installed inside the shell, and the baffle is located in the pyrolysis gas collection chamber and used for preventing solid matters generated by pyrolysis from entering the pyrolysis gas transit pipeline.

In an optional embodiment, the organic mixed gas cracking device further comprises a distribution box, the cracking tubes are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the distribution box is arranged between the injection port and the cracking tubes and is communicated with the injection port and the cracking tubes.

The embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

to sum up, the pyrolysis tube that this embodiment provided can carry out the schizolysis fast with organic mixed gas at the schizolysis operation in-process, and is efficient, and the schizolysis is effectual, is difficult for producing the harmful substance of polluted environment. Specifically, the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil is started to transmit high frequency electromagnetism, so that the heating tube body generates heat and conducts the heat into the annular flow channel; meanwhile, the plasma emitter is started, plasma flame is generated in the central tube body, the central tube body is heated, and heat of the central tube body is conducted into the annular flow channel. The organic mixed gas enters the annular flow channel of the cracking tube, and in the flowing process of the organic mixed gas, the organic mixed gas is simultaneously contacted with the central tube body and the heating tube body, so that the organic mixed gas is heated inside and outside simultaneously, the cracking effect is good, and the cracking efficiency is high. And because the effect of water conservancy diversion spare, the organic mixed gas is the heliciform and flows in annular flow channel, has increased the time that flows in annular flow channel, and has increased the area of contact with central body and heating tube body, and the schizolysis is effectual.

The organic matter mixed gas cracking device provided by the embodiment comprises the cracking tube, in the operation process, macromolecular organic matters can be rapidly decomposed into micromolecular substances below C22 in the environment of 1400 ℃, renewable energy sources such as diesel oil can be rapidly synthesized at low temperature, and harmful substances such as dioxin can be effectively prevented from being synthesized under the condition of rapid cooling. The gas which can not synthesize renewable energy contains a large amount of combustible substances such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, acetylene and the like, can be directly used for gas turbine power generation of fuel gas or sent to a pyrolysis gas burner for combustion, obtains a large amount of heat energy for production, and enables the solid waste to reach higher environmental protection emission requirements after being treated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic mixed gas cracking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a cracking tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view of a cracking tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon:

100-a housing; 110-injection port; 120-a tail gas exhaust channel; 130-a cracked gas collection chamber; 140-a baffle; 200-a distribution box; 300-a lysis tube; 310-a heat-generating tube body; 320-ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil; 330-a heat sink; 340-a central tube body; 350-plasma emitter; 360-plasma recoverer; 370-a flow guide; 380-plasma water cooling system; 390-a tapered inlet pipe; 391-a conical outlet duct; 392-nano aerogel; 393-ceramic wool; 394-protective sleeve; 400-pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline; 500-a solid matter recoverer; 600-cracked gas conveying pipeline; 700-a condenser; 800-diesel oil recoverer; 900-temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element to which the description refers must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

At present, solid wastes such as household garbage, industrial solid wastes and garbage landfill wastes are distilled at a high temperature to generate a large amount of mixed gas containing tar, wood vinegar, macromolecular organic matters above C22, dioxin decomposition products and the like, and in order to prevent environmental pollution, the prior art adopts high-temperature cracking treatment. The cracking equipment in the prior art has the advantages of single structure, poor cracking effect, low cracking efficiency and great pollution to the environment.

In view of this, designers have designed an organic mixed gas cracking device, which has high organic mixed gas cracking efficiency, good cracking effect, environmental pollution prevention, environmental protection and sanitation.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the organic mixed gas cracking apparatus includes a housing 100, a distribution box 200, a cracking tube 300, a cracked gas transit pipe 400, a solid matter recoverer 500, a cracked gas conveying pipe 600, a condenser 700, and a diesel oil recoverer 800.

Referring to fig. 1, the housing 100 may optionally have a chamber, and the distribution box 200, the pyrolysis tube 300, the solids recoverer 500, the cryocondenser 700, and the diesel recoverer 800 may be disposed in the chamber. Specifically, the casing 100 has opposite top and bottom portions, the top portion of the casing 100 is provided with an injection port 110 and an exhaust gas discharge passage 120, and the distribution box 200 is disposed near the top portion of the casing 100, and the distribution box 200 is used for dividing the organic mixed gas entering from the injection port 110. Cracking tube 300 is provided with many, and many parallel and adjacent settings of cracking tube 300, many cracking tube 300 all are located the cavity, and many cracking tube 300's one end all communicates with distributor box 200, and the other end and cavity intercommunication, the cavity that communicates with cracking tube 300 also can be called as pyrolysis gas and collect cavity 130. A baffle 140 is disposed in the cracked gas collection chamber 130, and the baffle 140 is disposed at an acute angle to the inner wall of the housing 100. One end of the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline 400 penetrates through the shell 100 and is communicated with the pyrolysis gas collection chamber 130, and the position of the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline 400 communicated with the pyrolysis gas collection chamber 130 is shielded by the baffle 140, so that solid waste generated after pyrolysis of the dry distillation mixed gas cannot directly enter the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline 400 when falling down from the pyrolysis tube 300, but falls into the pyrolysis gas collection chamber 130, and the pyrolysis gas can bypass the baffle 140 to enter the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline 400. The solid matter recoverer 500 is communicated with the bottom of the pyrolysis gas collecting chamber 130, and the solid waste falling from the pyrolysis tube 300 directly enters the solid matter recoverer 500 for recovery. The other end of the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline 400 is communicated with the condenser 700, and pyrolysis gas enters the condenser 700 to exchange heat with a medium in the condenser 700. The temperature in the condenser 700 is kept below 78 ℃, the pyrolysis gas is rapidly reduced from 1400 ℃ to below 78 ℃ in the condenser 700, and the cracked micromolecular hydrocarbon substances are synthesized into renewable energy substances such as biodiesel. The diesel oil recoverer 800 and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 600 are respectively communicated with different outlets of the condenser 700, the synthesized liquid renewable energy substance is recovered through the diesel oil recoverer 800, and the combustible pyrolysis gas which can not be synthesized again is sent to a gas internal combustion generator through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 600 to generate power or is sent to a gas combustor to be combusted, so that heat energy is generated.

In this embodiment, it should be understood that the number of the cracking tubes 300 is set as required, for example, in this embodiment, the number of the cracking tubes 300 is 33, and the cracking tubes 300 are divided into 5 groups, wherein three groups each include 7 cracking tubes 300, the remaining two groups each include 6 cracking tubes 300, and three groups of 7 cracking tubes 300 and two groups of 6 cracking tubes 300 are alternately arranged.

Referring to fig. 2-4, each cracking tube 300 includes a heat-generating tube body 310, an uhf transmitting coil 320, a heat sink 330, a central tube body 340, a plasma emitter 350, a plasma retriever 360, and a flow guide 370. The UHF transmitting coil 320 is sleeved outside the heating tube body 310, the central tube body 340 is arranged in the heating tube body 310 in a penetrating way, and the two define an annular flow channel for the organic mixed gas to flow together. The heat sink 330 is disposed in the annular flow channel, one side of the heat sink 330 is connected to the heat generating tube 310, and the other side of the heat sink 330 is spaced from the flow guide member 370, so as to conduct heat of the heat generating body into the annular flow channel, thereby heating the organic mixed gas. The plasma emitter 350 is coupled to an end of the center tube 340 proximate an end of the center tube 340 distal from the distribution box 200. The plasma recoverer 360 is connected with the other end of the central tube 340, and is close to one end of the central tube 340 far away from the pyrolysis gas collecting chamber 130, and the plasma recoverer 360 is communicated with the tail gas discharge channel 120. The flow guide member 370 is disposed in the annular flow passage, and the flow guide member 370 guides the organic mixed gas to flow spirally from one end to the other end of the annular flow passage. The heating tube body 310 may be a tungsten alloy steel heating body; the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil 320 can be set as an ultrahigh frequency transmitting water-cooling coil, namely a self-contained water-cooling system, and is beneficial to cooling. The central tube 340 may be a boron nitride ceramic tube; the heat sink 330 may be a boron nitride ceramic sheet; the flow guide 370 may be a boron nitride spiral, that is, a spiral plate connected to the central tube 340 and disposed to surround the central tube 340 and extend in the axial extension direction of the central tube 340.

The operating principle of the cracking tube 300 is as follows:

in the cracking process, the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil 320 is started to transmit high frequency electromagnetism, so that the heating tube body 310 generates heat and conducts the heat into the annular flow channel; meanwhile, the plasma emitter 350 is started to generate plasma flame in the central tube 340 and heat the central tube 340, and the heat of the central tube 340 is conducted into the annular flow channel through the heat dissipation fins 330, so that the heat in the whole annular flow channel is uniformly distributed, and the organic mixed gas is uniformly heated. The organic mixed gas enters the annular flow channel of the cracking tube 300, and in the flowing process of the organic mixed gas, the organic mixed gas is simultaneously contacted with the central tube body 340 and the heating tube body 310, so that the organic mixed gas is heated inside and outside simultaneously, the cracking effect is good, and the cracking efficiency is high. Moreover, due to the action of the flow guide member 370, the organic mixed gas spirally flows in the annular flow passage, so that the time for flowing in the annular flow passage is increased, the contact area between the organic mixed gas and the central tube body 340 and the heating tube body 310 is increased, and the cracking effect is good.

In this embodiment, optionally, the cracking tube 300 further includes a nano aerogel 392, ceramic wool 393 capable of resisting 1800 ℃, and a protective sleeve 394 made of boron nitride ceramic, the protective sleeve 394 is inserted into the heating tube body 310, and an outer peripheral surface of the protective sleeve 394 is connected to an inner tube wall of the heating tube body 310; the ceramic wool 393 is sleeved outside the heating tube body 310 and is connected with the outer tube wall of the heating tube body 310; the nano aerogel 392 covers the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic wool 393.

Optionally, the cracking tube 300 further includes a plasma water-cooling system 380, a tapered air inlet tube 390 and a tapered air outlet tube 391, the plasma water-cooling system 380 is provided with an energy supply channel, and the energy supply channel is communicated with the plasma emitter 350. The tapered inlet pipe 390 is connected to an end of the heat generating pipe body 310 near the distribution box 200 for introducing the organic mixed gas into the annular flow passage. The tapered outlet pipe 391 is communicated with one end of the heating pipe body 310 close to the pyrolysis gas collection chamber 130.

In addition, the cracking device may further include a temperature sensor 900, and the temperature sensor 900 is disposed on the cracking tube 300 and used for monitoring the temperature of the cracking tube 300. Obviously, the number and the position of the temperature sensors 900 are set as required, and are not particularly limited in this embodiment.

In the cracking device for organic matter mixed gas provided by the embodiment, in the operation process, the organic mixed gas flows from top to bottom, and macromolecular organic matters can be rapidly decomposed into micromolecular substances below C22 in the environment of 1400 ℃ in the cracking pipe 300, renewable energy sources such as diesel oil can be rapidly synthesized at low temperature, and harmful substances such as dioxin can be effectively prevented from being synthesized under the condition of rapid cooling. The solid waste produced in the cracking process falls to the solid matter recoverer 500 for recovery under the action of gravity. The gas which can not synthesize renewable energy contains a large amount of combustible substances such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, acetylene and the like, can be directly used for gas turbine power generation of fuel gas or sent to a pyrolysis gas burner for combustion, obtains a large amount of heat energy for production, and enables the solid waste to reach higher environmental protection emission requirements after being treated.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis tube, comprising:

the plasma generator comprises a heating tube body, an ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil, a central tube body, a plasma emitter, a plasma recoverer and a flow guide piece, wherein the ultrahigh frequency transmitting coil is sleeved outside the heating tube body; the central tube body is arranged in the heating tube body in a penetrating way, and the central tube body and the heating tube body jointly define an annular flow channel for flowing of organic mixed gas; the plasma emitter is connected with one end of the central tube body, and the plasma recoverer is connected with the other end of the central tube body; the flow guide piece is arranged in the annular flow passage and used for guiding the organic mixed gas to flow from one end of the annular flow passage to the other end in a spiral shape.

2. The lysis tube of claim 1, wherein:

the flow guide part is connected with the central pipe body, and the flow guide part is arranged to surround the spiral plate of the central pipe body.

3. The lysis tube of claim 1, wherein:

the cracking tube further comprises a radiating fin, the radiating fin is arranged in the annular flow channel, one side of the radiating fin is connected with the heating tube body, and the other side of the radiating fin is spaced from the flow guide piece.

4. The lysis tube of claim 1, wherein:

the cracking tube also comprises nano aerogel, ceramic wool and a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve is inserted into the heating tube body, and the peripheral surface of the protective sleeve is connected with the inner tube wall of the heating tube body; the ceramic wool is sleeved outside the heating tube body and is connected with the outer tube wall of the heating tube body; the nano aerogel covers the peripheral surface of the ceramic wool.

5. The lysis tube of claim 1, wherein:

the cracking tube further comprises a plasma water cooling system, the plasma water cooling system is provided with an energy supply channel, and the energy supply channel is communicated with the plasma emitter.

6. The lysis tube of claim 1, wherein:

the cracking tube further comprises a conical air inlet tube and a conical air outlet tube, wherein the conical air inlet tube and the conical air outlet tube are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating tube body and are communicated with the heating tube body.

7. An organic mixed gas cracking device, comprising:

the lysis tube of any one of claims 1-6.

8. The organic mixed gas cracking apparatus of claim 7, wherein:

the organic mixed gas cracking device also comprises a shell, a cracked gas transfer pipeline, a solid matter recoverer, a cracked gas conveying pipeline, a condenser and a diesel oil recoverer, wherein the cracked pipe is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with an injection port and a cracked gas collecting cavity which are positioned at two ends of the cracked pipe, and the cracked gas collecting cavity is simultaneously communicated with the cracked gas transfer pipeline and the solid matter recoverer; the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline are both communicated with the condenser; the diesel oil recoverer is connected with the condenser and used for recovering liquid formed after condensation of the condenser.

9. The organic mixed gas cracking apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

the shell is internally provided with a baffle which is positioned in the pyrolysis gas collection chamber and used for preventing solid substances generated by pyrolysis from entering the pyrolysis gas transfer pipeline.

10. The organic mixed gas cracking apparatus of claim 8, wherein:

the organic mixed gas cracking device further comprises a distribution box, the cracking tubes are arranged to be multiple, the distribution box is arranged between the injection port and the multiple cracking tubes, and the injection port and the multiple cracking tubes are communicated simultaneously.