CN216257632U

CN216257632U - Artificial bladder capable of preventing backflow

Info

Publication number: CN216257632U
Application number: CN202023105451.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘治
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-21

Abstract

The artificial bladder can prevent backflow, the upper end of a first cavity is respectively communicated with a left ureter and a right ureter of a human body, the lower end of the first cavity is communicated with a urine discharge port, a second cavity is arranged between the ureters and the first cavity, and a one-way urine delivery port is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity; an interlayer is arranged between the outer layer of the first cavity and the internal storage, gas is filled in the interlayer, and the third cavity is communicated with the gas through a guide pipe. According to the utility model, the second cavity is additionally arranged between the urine in the ureter and the artificial bladder, and the one-way urine conveying port is arranged, so that the urine reflux is avoided, and the damage to the kidney and the urinary tract infection are reduced.

Description

Artificial bladder capable of preventing backflow

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical artificial organ, in particular to an artificial bladder with simple structure and convenient operation and reverse flow prevention, which realizes the function of self-urination of a natural bladder.

Background

Bladder cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs in the bladder mucosa and is one of the most common tumors of the urogenital system. Bladder cancer treatment is mainly surgical treatment, while radical cystectomy is still the gold standard for the treatment of invasive bladder cancer and recurrent high-risk non-invasive bladder cancer.

At present, no standard solution exists for the urinary diversion problem after radical cystectomy. The ideal urinary diversion should meet the requirements of low postoperative complications, renal function protection, high quality of life of patients and the like. The operation trauma of radical cystectomy is large, and complications are easy to occur after the operation, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. In order to improve the postoperative quality of life of a patient and make the postoperative quality of life of the patient closer to the healthy quality of life, an implantable mechanical artificial bladder capable of realizing the physiological function of a natural bladder is needed to replace the excised natural bladder. However, the biological bladder is not officially applied to clinic at present, and generally has the defects of complex design, poor reliability and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the existing problems and provide an artificial bladder which can prevent backflow, can sense urine volume and can autonomously control urination.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model comprises a bladder body, wherein the bladder body is provided with a first cavity for storing urine, two convex hollow tubular joints are separated from the upper end of the first cavity, the length of each joint is about 2cm, the diameter of each joint is about 8mm, and the joints are made of soft silica gel and are respectively communicated with a left ureter and a right ureter of a human body.

The second cavity is an independent bag body, and the lower end of the bag body is communicated with the upper end of the first cavity; the buffer memory bag can be designed into hard silica gel, the hardness of the buffer memory bag is consistent with that of the outer layer of the first cavity and the buffer memory bag is connected into a whole, and the capacity of the bag body can be set to be about 15-20 ml.

Wherein, the first cavity is internally provided with an interlayer, the cavity between the tubular joint and the interlayer is the second cavity, and the interlayer is provided with a one-way urine inlet.

A first anti-backflow valve is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity and comprises two petal-shaped valves protruding towards the first cavity. The valve material hardness requirement is soft, and the hardness is similar to the hardness of the first cavity inner layer, so that urine can flow to the first cavity through the backflow prevention valve more easily.

Wherein, the one-way urine inlet is two valves facing to the first cavity, and can prevent the artificial bladder from urine reflux.

Wherein, an interlayer is arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer of the first cavity, the inner cavity of the interlayer can contract relatively, and the interlayer is filled with gas.

Wherein, the inner layer adopts soft silica gel, and the outer layer adopts hard silica gel.

Wherein, the device also comprises a third cavity for pressurization, and the third cavity is communicated with the gas through a conduit;

the urine in the first cavity is increased, the space of the inner cavity is reduced, and the gas enters the third cavity; and when the third cavity is compressed, the gas flows back into the interlayer to press urine out of the urine outlet.

Wherein, four corners of the third cavity are fixed with the rectus abdominis anterior sheath.

The lower end of the first cavity is communicated with a urine outlet.

Wherein, the urination port is provided with a second anti-reflux valve which has the same structure as the first anti-reflux valve in the second cavity, the structure is the same but the hardness is different, the design hardness of the valve material needs to meet the requirement that the opening pressure is 100-150cmH₂O, can avoid the self-urination of people during normal life activities and avoid the urinary incontinence.

The second anti-backflow valve of the first cavity needs to be placed in the residual end of the urethra of the human body, the length of the second anti-backflow valve is designed to be about 2-3cm, and the valve can be located below the external sphincter of the urethra of the human body after the second anti-backflow valve is placed in the residual urethra of the human body.

Wherein, the urination port is a tubular structure made of soft materials.

Compared with the prior art, the urine backflow prevention device has the advantages that the second cavity is additionally arranged between the urine in the ureter and the urine in the artificial bladder, and the one-way first backflow prevention valve is arranged, so that the urine backflow is avoided, and the damage to the kidney and the urinary tract infection are reduced; the outer wall of the first cavity is designed into an inner layer and an outer layer, and the amount of gas in the interlayer can control the expansion and contraction of the inner layer, so that the urination is controlled finally; the third cavity can guide the gas in the interlayer to change the air pressure of the interlayer; the second anti-backflow valve of the urine outlet can prevent urinary incontinence caused by the autonomous outflow of urine; the urination port is in a soft tubular shape, can be fully inserted into the urethra, better fits the urethra and is more firm in anastomosis.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

referring to the attached drawings, a allantois storage bag 1, a buffer bag 2, a pressurizing bag 3, a tubular joint 4, a second anti-backflow valve 5, a first anti-backflow valve 6, an interlayer 7 and a partition layer 8.

Detailed Description

The utility model will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the utility model, which specifically comprises a allantois (i.e., a first cavity) with a volume of about 300-. Two convex hollow tubular joints are separated from the upper end of the buffer bag, the length is about 2cm, the diameter is about 8mm, the material is soft silica gel, and the soft silica gel is respectively communicated with a left ureter and a right ureter of a human body. Wherein the buffer bag has a volume of 15-20ml and is positioned between the ureter and the first cavity to separate the ureter and the first cavity. The buffering bag is communicated with the allantois through a one-way first anti-backflow valve, namely urine can only flow from the buffering bag to the allantois.

Preferably, a first anti-backflow valve is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity, the valve is composed of two petal-shaped valves, and the protruding portion faces the first cavity. The valve is soft in hardness requirement, the hardness is similar to that of the inner layer of the first cavity, so that urine can flow to the first cavity through the first backflow prevention valve more easily, and urinary tract infection caused by artificial bladder urine backflow can be prevented.

The lower end of the allantoic sac is fixed with a urethra which is provided with a urine outlet. The length of the urethra is designed to be 2-3cm, and the second anti-reflux valve is positioned in the middle of the urethra; after being arranged in a human body, the second anti-reflux valve of the urination port is approximately positioned below the external sphincter of the urethra of the human body, so that the urinary incontinence caused by the autonomous outflow of urine can be prevented, and the opening pressure is designed to be 100-₂O, which can not be opened easily under normal conditions. And when the fluid pressure within the allantois reaches or exceeds this pressure, the pressure valve opens to allow urination.

The sac wall of the allantois storing sac is an interlayer, the inner cavity (or the inner container) of the interlayer can be relatively contracted, the interlayer moving range is contracted from the periphery to the midline formed by the connecting line of the upper anti-backflow valve and the lower anti-backflow valve, and the volume is about 320-. The interlayer is filled with gas, and the pressurizing bag (third cavity) is communicated with the gas through a conduit. Deflation through a deflated bladder compresses the inner layer of the allantois, resulting in urination.

Preferably, the allantois storage bag is designed into an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is made of a hard material, and the inner layer is made of a soft material. The material is preferably silica gel. Because the artificial bladder of this embodiment needs to be placed in the human body for a lifetime, the material needs to be a silicone material that has no repulsion and good histocompatibility, and in addition, silicone has corrosion-resistant characteristics and can resist the corrosion of urine.

Furthermore, the buffer bag is made of a hard material. The outer layer of the allantoic sac is made of hard material, and has the function of uneasy deformation so as to keep the structure stable. The inner layer of the storage bag is made of soft silica gel, and the material needs to have good corrosion resistance; the inner layer can withstand repeated expansion and contraction, and has good compliance and toughness.

The pressurizing bag is made of a silica gel material with neutral hardness, can naturally keep the original shape, but can deform after being pressed; the hardness of the material is to keep the vacuum pressure of the allantois in a proper pressure range, and the hardness cannot be too high to cause difficult urination or unclean urination; it should not be too small-if so, it will result in a small pressure within the allantois, which tends to cause reflux of urine and a less sensitive sense of the amount of urine sensed by the pressurizing bladder.

The upper parts of the inner layer and the outer layer of the interlayer are combined at the outer wall of the allantoic sac, and the lower parts are combined and fixed at the inner opening of the urethra. Wherein the pressurizing air sac can be placed under the abdomen, is preferably designed into a flat sac shape and can be placed in front of the abdominal rectus muscle under the skin of a human body. The volume is about 350ml-400ml, and the hardness of the material is between medium strength (between the hardness of the inner layer and the hardness of the outer layer of the artificial bladder allantois).

In the operation process, after the natural bladder is removed, the embodiment is placed into a pelvic cavity, and the left ureter and the right ureter of a human body are respectively connected with the anastomotic parts of the left ureter and the right ureter. Then the urethra is connected with the lower part of the urine outlet pressure valve correspondingly, and the first part of the artificial bladder is put into the artificial bladder.

After the peritoneum and the abdominal rectus muscle front sheath are sutured, the pressurizing bag (third cavity) is placed in front of the front sheath, the four corners of the pressurizing bag are respectively fixed with the abdominal rectus muscle front sheath, subcutaneous fat and skin are sutured in sequence after the four corners are fixed, and the operation is finished.

In this embodiment, the upper end of buffer memory bag is passed through two pipelines and is communicated ureter respectively, the upper end of first cavity is connected to the lower extreme of utricule.

When the urine of a patient flows into the buffer bag from the ureter in the using process of the patient, the urine can enter the allantois through the first anti-backflow valve. When the allantoic sac is not urinating, the sac wall of the allantoic sac collapses and is under negative pressure due to different hardness of the material, so that urine storage is started.

With the increase of urine storage, the space between the inner layer and the outer layer of the sac wall of the allantoic sac is reduced, and the gas in the interlayer is pressed into the air adding sac; when the patient observes that the air-entrapping sac is enlarged at the lower abdomen, the allantoic urine storage volume can be known; when the urine volume of a patient increases or the patient wants to discharge urine at a proper place, the air pressure of the interlayer can be increased by increasing the abdominal pressure and pressing the external hand and the air bag, so that the water pressure in the allantois is increased, and when the pressure of the second anti-backflow valve at the urine discharge port is exceeded, the patient starts to discharge urine. When the pressure is finished, the hand is released, the pressure valve is clamped, the urine storage process is started again, and the one-time complete urination process is finished.

Preferably, the urination port is of a soft tubular structure, can be fully inserted into the urethra, better fits the urethra and is more firmly anastomosed.

The embodiment simplifies the structure of the existing artificial bladder, can realize autonomous urination only by mechanical operation, and has stronger practicability.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, the structures of which are given by way of illustration and not limitation, and those skilled in the art can make modifications as required, and various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An artificial bladder capable of preventing backflow comprises a bladder body, wherein the bladder body is provided with a first cavity for storing urine, the upper end of the first cavity is communicated with a left ureter and a right ureter of a human body through tubular joints respectively, and a urine discharge port is arranged at the lower end of the first cavity, and the artificial bladder is characterized in that: still include the palirrhea second cavity of urine of preventing, the second cavity is located between ureter and the first cavity, establishes one-way urine transfusion mouth between second cavity and the first cavity.

2. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second cavity is an independent capsule body; the upper end of the bag body is communicated with the ureter through a tubular joint, and the lower end of the bag body is communicated with the upper end of the first cavity.

3. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the one-way urine inlet is a first anti-backflow valve and comprises two valves facing the first cavity.

4. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 1, characterized in that: an interlayer is arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer of the first cavity, the inner cavity of the interlayer can contract relatively, and the interlayer is filled with gas.

5. A reflux resistant artificial bladder according to claim 4, wherein: the inner layer adopts soft silica gel, and the outer layer adopts hard silica gel.

6. A reflux-resistant artificial bladder according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the device also comprises a third cavity for pressurization, and the third cavity is communicated with the gas through a conduit; the urine in the first cavity is increased, the space of the inner cavity is reduced, and the gas enters the third cavity; and when the third cavity is compressed, the gas flows back into the interlayer to press urine out of the urine outlet.

7. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 6, wherein: four corners of the third cavity are fixed with the rectus abdominis anterior sheath.

8. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the urination port is provided with a second anti-backflow valve, and the opening pressure is 100cmH₂O。

9. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 8, wherein: the second anti-backflow valve is two-piece valve and is positioned below external sphincter of urethra of human body.

10. An artificial bladder against reflux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the urination port is of a tubular structure made of soft materials.