CN216251147U - Half-hole feed patch antenna - Google Patents
Half-hole feed patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN216251147U CN216251147U CN202123087459.4U CN202123087459U CN216251147U CN 216251147 U CN216251147 U CN 216251147U CN 202123087459 U CN202123087459 U CN 202123087459U CN 216251147 U CN216251147 U CN 216251147U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a half-hole feed patch antenna which is easy to integrate with a radio frequency front end circuit, has the advantages of compact structure, easy installation and disassembly, small volume and low section, and can realize wide working bandwidth, low cross polarization and high front-to-back ratio. The radiation device comprises an upper radiation unit and a lower radiation unit; the upper radiation unit is specifically an upper circuit board, the upper circuit board comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal layer, and the metal layer is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric pole piece; the lower radiation unit is specifically a lower circuit board, and the lower circuit board comprises a top metal layer, a first layer of dielectric substrate, an upper ground plane, a pasting dielectric layer, a strip line layer, a second layer of dielectric substrate and a lower ground plane which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the lower radiation unit also comprises a feed input port half hole and a grounding half hole, and the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are respectively connected with the top metal layer, the upper ground plane, the stripline layer and the lower ground plane from top to bottom; air is arranged between the upper circuit board and the lower circuit board.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a half-hole feed patch antenna.
Background
As the demand for mobile data increases at a high speed, the wireless communication capacity needs to be increased, and therefore, the number of transceiving channels of a wireless communication device is rapidly increasing, and the wireless communication capacity is expanded by the mimo technology and the beamforming technology. However, the large number of transceiving channels may result in an oversized wireless communication device and may also result in a more complicated connection between the antenna and the rf front-end.
In the field of patch antennas, a series of technical achievements have emerged. In recent years, antennas that can be applied to a mimo wireless communication apparatus are gradually receiving attention from relevant researchers, however, with the related antenna structure that has been disclosed, the following two problems still exist.
1. The antenna generally needs a large number of components, the structure is not compact enough, most antennas adopt a dipole form and comprise a reflecting plate, a radiating element circuit board, a feed network circuit board and a radio frequency connector, and the antenna structure which is not compact enough can increase the volume of communication equipment and is not beneficial to the integration and connection of the antenna and a radio frequency front-end circuit.
2. The antenna has a generally high profile, and most of the antennas for mimo wireless communication devices disclosed so far have a profile height of about 1/4 of the operating wavelength, which makes the device larger in size.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a half-hole feed patch antenna, which is easily integrated with a radio frequency front end circuit, has the advantages of compact structure, easy installation and detachment, small volume and low profile, and can realize wide operating bandwidth, low cross polarization and high front-to-back ratio.
A half-hole fed patch antenna, comprising:
an upper radiation unit;
a lower radiation unit;
the upper radiation unit is specifically an upper circuit board, the upper circuit board comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal layer, and the metal layer is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric electrode piece;
the lower radiation unit is specifically a lower circuit board, and the lower circuit board comprises a top metal layer, a first layer of dielectric substrate, an upper ground plane, a pasting dielectric layer, a strip line layer, a second layer of dielectric substrate and a lower ground plane which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the lower radiation unit further comprises a feed input port half hole and a grounding half hole, the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are both arranged at the edge position of one side of the lower circuit board, and the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are respectively connected with the top metal layer, the upper ground plane, the stripline layer and the lower ground plane from top to bottom;
and air is filled between the upper circuit board and the lower circuit board.
It is further characterized in that:
the metal layer of the upper radiation unit is a square metal patch, and is positioned in the central area of the dielectric substrate; the top metal layer in the lower radiation unit is a square metal patch, and the top metal layer is positioned in the central area of the first layer of dielectric substrate and is positioned right below the central area of the metal layer of the upper radiation unit;
h-shaped coupling gaps are etched on the upper ground plane and are arranged in an axial symmetry mode relative to a transverse center line and a longitudinal center line of the upper ground plane;
the strip line layer is a section of strip line, the strip line is positioned at the longitudinal center line of the strip line layer, the input end of the feed network is positioned at the edge of the lower part of the strip line, the edge of the feed network is provided with a feed input port half hole and a grounding half hole, the two sides of the feed network in the edge are respectively provided with a grounding hole, and the two sides of the feed network in the edge are respectively provided with a grounding hole;
the grounding half holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a strip line of a feed input port of the feed network; the feed input port half-hole and the grounding half-hole are used as bonding pads and are convenient to weld with a radio frequency front-end circuit;
the length of the strip line between the tail end of the strip line layer and the middle point of the H-shaped coupling slot is 1/9-5/36 of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna;
the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is a square resonant cavity and consists of an upper ground plane, a lower ground plane and metallized through holes distributed on four sides of the square resonant cavity, the center of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is superposed with the center of the lower radiation unit, the resonant frequency of a main mode of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is 0.2-1.0GHz higher than the highest working frequency of the antenna, and the distance between the adjacent metallized through holes of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is not less than 1/10 of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency;
the feed network is positioned in the lower circuit board and adopts a gap coupling feed mode, a transmission line of the feed network is a strip line, and the strip line of the feed network shares an upper ground plane and a lower ground plane; the feed input port half-hole, the grounding half-hole and the grounding hole are all metallized through holes, and the strip line is positioned on the strip line layer; and signals of the half-hole of the feed input port are transmitted to the tail end of the strip line through a section of strip line and then reflected, and reflected signals and incident signals below the H-shaped coupling gap are coupled to the lower radiation unit through the H-shaped coupling gap respectively.
After the structure of the utility model is adopted, the feed port adopts the half hole to ensure that the feed port is easy to integrate with the radio frequency front end circuit, and the utility model has the advantages of compact structure, easy installation and disassembly, small volume, low section and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hierarchical structure diagram of a half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal layer 4 in a circuit board 1 on a half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the top metal layer 5 in the lower circuit board 2 of the half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper ground plane 7 in the lower circuit board 2 of the compact half-hole feed patch antenna;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a strip line layer 9 in the lower circuit board 2 of the half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the lower ground plane 11 in the lower circuit board 2 of the half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
FIG. 7 is a simulation result of reflection coefficients of an input port of a half-hole feed patch antenna with a compact structure;
FIG. 8 shows simulation results of a 3.5GHz directional diagram when excited by a half-hole feed patch antenna port with a compact structure; the names corresponding to the sequence numbers in the figure are as follows:
the circuit comprises an upper circuit board 1, a lower circuit board 2, a dielectric substrate 3, a metal layer 4, a top metal layer 5, a first dielectric substrate 6, an upper ground plane 7, a bonding dielectric layer 8, a strip line layer 9, a second dielectric substrate 10, a lower ground plane 11, a feed input port half hole 12, a ground half hole 13, a ground hole 14, a substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 15, an H-shaped coupling gap 16 and a feed network 17.
Detailed Description
A half-hole feed patch antenna, as shown in fig. 1-6, comprising an upper radiation unit and a lower radiation unit; the upper radiation unit is an upper circuit board 1, and the upper circuit board 1 comprises a dielectric substrate 3 and a metal layer 4 positioned below the dielectric substrate 3; the lower radiating element is a lower circuit board 2, the lower circuit board 2 comprises a top metal layer 5, a first medium substrate 6, a first middle metal layer upper ground plane 7, a bonding medium layer 8, a second middle metal layer stripline layer 9, a second medium substrate 10 and a bottom metal layer lower ground plane 11 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a feed input port half-hole 12 and a grounding half-hole 13 are respectively connected with the top metal layer 5, the first middle metal layer upper ground plane 7, the second middle metal layer stripline layer 9 and the bottom metal layer lower ground plane 11 from top to bottom.
The middle of the upper circuit board 1 and the lower circuit board 2 is air, and the metal layer 4 of the upper circuit board 1 is a square metal patch and is positioned in the center of the dielectric substrate 3; the top metal layer 5 in the lower circuit board 2 is a square metal patch in the middle, and the coupling between the metal layer 4 and the top metal layer 5 enables the antenna to have a wider impedance bandwidth compared with a patch antenna with only one patch.
The feed network 17 adopts a coupling feed mode, a transmission line of the feed network adopts a strip line, the strip line is positioned at the longitudinal center line of a strip line layer, and the strip line structure ensures high isolation between the feed network 17 and a circuit outside an antenna, so that the feed network is convenient to integrate with a radio frequency front-end circuit; the ground planes of the strip lines of the feed network are an upper ground plane 7 and a lower ground plane 11; an H-shaped coupling slit 16 is etched on the upper ground plane 7, the H-shaped coupling slit 16 is axially symmetrical on the plane about the transverse center line and the longitudinal center line of the lower radiating element, the middle section of the H-shaped coupling slit 16 is perpendicular to the strip line, the H-shaped coupling slit 16 couples a signal of the feed network 17 to the top metal layer 5, the H-shaped coupling slit 16 excites surface current flowing in the longitudinal direction on the top metal layer 5, and the surface current generates electromagnetic waves; the input end of the feed network 16 is positioned at the edge of the lower part of the second middle metal layer strip line layer 9, a feed input port half hole 12 and a grounding half hole 13 are arranged at the edge, and grounding holes 14 are respectively arranged at two sides of the feed network 16 in the edge; the grounding half holes 13 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a strip line of a feed input port of the feed network 17; the feed input port half-hole 12 and the grounding half-hole 13 are used as welding pads to be conveniently welded with other circuits, and the grounding half-hole 13 and the grounding hole 14 ensure good common grounding when the antenna is connected with other circuits;
the length of the strip line between the tail end of the strip line layer 9 and the middle point of the H-shaped coupling slot 16 is 1/9-5/36 of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna;
the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 15 is a square resonant cavity and consists of an upper ground plane 7, a lower ground plane 11 and metallized through holes arranged on four sides of the square resonant cavity, the center of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 22 is superposed with the center of the lower radiation unit, the resonant frequency of a main mode of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 15 is higher than the highest working frequency of the antenna by 0.2-1.0GHz, the distance between adjacent through holes of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 15 is not less than 1/10 of the corresponding wavelength of the working center frequency, the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 15 can effectively inhibit flat plate capacitance mode electromagnetic waves between the upper ground plane 7 and the lower ground plane 11, and the radiation generated by the flat capacitance mode electromagnetic waves is prevented from increasing the cross polarization of the antenna.
In specific implementation, in order to verify the authenticity and reliability of the structure of the half-hole feed patch antenna provided by the utility model, a dual-polarized wide-stopband antenna with a working center frequency of 3.45GHz is manufactured according to the structure of the half-hole feed patch antenna provided by the utility model for verification, the dielectric substrate of the upper circuit board of the designed antenna is made of an FR-4 plate with the thickness of 0.6mm, the first dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate of the lower circuit board are made of Taconic TLY-5 plates with the thickness of 1.6mm, and the pasting dielectric layer is made of a TU768 plate with the thickness of 0.4 mm. Figures 7-8 show relevant performance simulation parameters for example antennas, with impedance bandwidths of 3.15-3.75GHz for reflection coefficients less than-10 dB, cross-polarization levels below-30 dB, and front-to-back ratios greater than 15 dB.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A half-hole fed patch antenna, comprising:
an upper radiation unit;
a lower radiation unit;
the upper radiation unit is specifically an upper circuit board, the upper circuit board comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal layer, and the metal layer is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric electrode piece;
the lower radiation unit is specifically a lower circuit board, and the lower circuit board comprises a top metal layer, a first layer of dielectric substrate, an upper ground plane, a pasting dielectric layer, a strip line layer, a second layer of dielectric substrate and a lower ground plane which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the lower radiation unit further comprises a feed input port half hole and a grounding half hole, the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are both arranged at the edge position of one side of the lower circuit board, and the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are respectively connected with the top metal layer, the upper ground plane, the stripline layer and the lower ground plane from top to bottom;
and air is filled between the upper circuit board and the lower circuit board.
2. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the metal layer of the upper radiation unit is a square metal patch, and is positioned in the central area of the dielectric substrate; the top metal layer in the lower radiation unit is a square metal patch, and the top metal layer is located in the central area of the first dielectric substrate and is located right below the central area of the metal layer of the upper radiation unit.
3. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the upper ground plane is etched with H-shaped coupling slits which are axially symmetrically arranged with respect to a transverse center line and a longitudinal center line of the upper ground plane.
4. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the strip line layer is a section of strip line, the strip line is positioned on the longitudinal center line of the strip line layer, the input end of the feed network is positioned on the edge of the lower part of the strip line, the edge of the feed network is provided with a feed input port half hole and a grounding half hole, the two sides of the feed network in the edge are respectively provided with a grounding hole, and the two sides of the feed network in the edge are respectively provided with a grounding hole.
5. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the grounding half holes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a strip line of a feed input port of the feed network; and the feed input port half hole and the grounding half hole are used as welding pads, so that the welding with the radio frequency front-end circuit is facilitated.
6. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the length of the strip line between the tail end of the strip line layer and the middle point of the H-shaped coupling slot is 1/9-5/36 of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.
7. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is a square resonant cavity and consists of an upper ground plane, a lower ground plane and metallized through holes distributed on four sides of the square resonant cavity, the center of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is superposed with the center of the lower radiation unit, the resonant frequency of a main mode of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is 0.2-1.0GHz higher than the highest working frequency of the antenna, and the distance between the adjacent metallized through holes of the substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is not less than 1/10 of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency.
8. A half-aperture fed patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the feed network is positioned in the lower circuit board and adopts a gap coupling feed mode, a transmission line of the feed network is a strip line, and the strip line of the feed network shares an upper ground plane and a lower ground plane; the feed input port half-hole, the grounding half-hole and the grounding hole are all metallized through holes, and the strip line is positioned on the strip line layer; and signals of the half-hole of the feed input port are transmitted to the tail end of the strip line through a section of strip line and then reflected, and reflected signals and incident signals below the H-shaped coupling gap are coupled to the lower radiation unit through the H-shaped coupling gap respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123087459.4U CN216251147U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Half-hole feed patch antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123087459.4U CN216251147U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Half-hole feed patch antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216251147U true CN216251147U (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123087459.4U Active CN216251147U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Half-hole feed patch antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN216251147U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202123087459.4U patent/CN216251147U/en active Active
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