CN216250861U - Cathode structure and battery - Google Patents
Cathode structure and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN216250861U CN216250861U CN202122568205.8U CN202122568205U CN216250861U CN 216250861 U CN216250861 U CN 216250861U CN 202122568205 U CN202122568205 U CN 202122568205U CN 216250861 U CN216250861 U CN 216250861U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The utility model provides a negative electrode structure and a battery, wherein the negative electrode structure comprises a negative electrode piece, and a first protective layer, a lithium layer and a second protective layer are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative electrode piece. According to the utility model, the first protective layer, the lithium layer and the second protective layer are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative plate, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, and lithium dendrites generated in the stripping and depositing processes of metal lithium are effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a negative electrode structure and a battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery is used as a green and environment-friendly new energy source, has the advantages of good reliability, high safety, small volume, light weight and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of digital products, electric automobiles, military products and the like at present. With the development of new energy, the development of lithium ion batteries is very fierce, but the requirements on the service life, the safety and the low cost of the lithium ion batteries are higher and higher, and the lithium ion batteries are developed towards the directions of long service life, high safety, high multiplying power and low cost at present.
Along with the continuous improvement of the energy density of the battery cell, the safety of the battery cell receives more and more attention. At present, the biggest threat to the safety of the battery cell is the internal short circuit of the battery cell caused by the burrs of the pole piece. Can know from the acupuncture experiment, when the short circuit appeared in electric core inside, the probability that electric core took place thermal runaway was high. The reason for causing the short circuit inside the battery cell is mainly that burrs of the positive current collector are in contact with the negative current collector, so that the local temperature is rapidly increased, the thermal runaway of the battery cell is caused, and the safety risk of the lithium ion battery is greatly increased. In addition, lithium metal is prone to produce lithium dendrites during the stripping-deposition process, which can puncture the separator and cause short circuits, leading to safety issues. Meanwhile, the pulverization of lithium causes the rapid attenuation of the battery capacity, and the battery cannot be recycled for many times. Aiming at the problem of the lithium negative electrode, a negative electrode SEI film can be generated in situ as a protective layer by regulating and controlling electrolyte components; manually coating an inorganic/polymer protective layer; and lithium alloy technology. However, the methods are copied into a solid cell, and the problem of lithium negative electrode cycling cannot be solved reliably.
CN111435728A discloses a lithium metal negative electrode protective layer, its preparation method and application. The lithium metal negative electrode protection layer comprises a metal protection layer and a polymer protection layer, wherein the metal protection layer is formed on a lithium metal negative electrode sheet, and at least a part of metal of the metal protection layer reacts with the lithium metal negative electrode sheet to form an alloy layer; the polymer protective layer includes a polymer and a lithium salt, and the polymer protective layer is formed on the metal protective layer. When the lithium metal negative electrode protection layer is used for the battery, lithium dendrite can be prevented from being generated, the lithium metal negative electrode is prevented from being directly contacted with an electrolyte layer to react, and the interface impedance between the negative electrode plate and the electrolyte layer is reduced, so that the cycle performance, the rate capability, the safety performance, the service life and the like of the battery are obviously improved.
CN107482164A discloses a lithium ion battery pole piece structure and a lithium ion battery, where the pole piece structure includes a positive current collector, positive active coatings, ceramic coatings and a negative active coating, the positive active coatings are coated on two sides of the positive current collector, the ceramic coatings are respectively coated on the outer sides of the two positive active coatings, and the negative active coating is coated on the outer side of any one of the ceramic coatings. Compared with the prior art, on one hand, the positive active coating, the ceramic coating and the negative active coating are directly coated on the positive current collector, and the arrangement of the negative current collector is omitted, so that the safety of the battery cell is effectively improved, and when the internal structure of the battery cell is seriously damaged by needling, extrusion and the like, the problem of internal short circuit of the battery cell caused by direct contact between the positive current collector and the negative current collector is avoided; on the other hand, the manufacturing cost of the battery core can be reduced and the energy density of the battery is improved by eliminating the negative current collector.
The existing negative electrode structure has the problems of complex structure, high cost, insufficient lithium supply of a battery and the like, so that the problem that how to ensure the lithium supply of the battery and low cost under the condition that the negative electrode structure has a simple structure becomes the problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a negative electrode structure and a battery, wherein the first protective layer, the lithium layer and the second protective layer are stacked on at least one side surface of the negative electrode plate, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, and the negative electrode structure and the battery have the characteristics of simple structure, industrial production, high safety, good cycle performance and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the utility model provides a negative electrode structure, which comprises a negative electrode sheet, wherein at least one side surface of the negative electrode sheet is sequentially provided with a first protective layer, a lithium layer and a second protective layer in a stacked manner.
According to the utility model, the first protective layer, the lithium layer and the second protective layer are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative plate, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, lithium dendrite generation of metal lithium in the stripping and deposition processes is effectively avoided, the lithium ion battery can be further used with a low-cost sulfur positive electrode material or an iron disulfide positive electrode material, the safety performance and the cycle performance of the battery are effectively improved, the energy density of the battery can reach 250Wh/kg, the cycle frequency can reach 500 times, and the lithium ion battery has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in preparation, easiness in large-scale production, high stability and the like.
In the present invention, the material of the first protection layer includes one or a combination of at least two of lithium phosphate, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, metal oxide, metal sulfide, or metal nitride, preferably lithium phosphorus oxynitride; the material of the second protective layer comprises one or a combination of at least two of lithium phosphate, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, metal oxide, metal sulfide or metal nitride, and preferably lithium phosphorus oxynitride.
In the negative electrode structure, a first protective layer, a lithium layer and a second protective layer are respectively stacked on two sides of a negative electrode sheet.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first protective layer is 0.1 to 5 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.5 μm, 2.0 μm, 2.5 μm, 3.0 μm, 3.5 μm, 4.0 μm, 4.5 μm, or 5.0 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first protective layer is 0.5 to 3 μm, for example, 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1.1 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.7 μm, 2.0 μm, 2.3 μm, 2.6 μm, 2.9 μm, or 3.0 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the lithium layer is 10 to 50 μm, for example, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, or 50 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the second protective layer is 1 to 1000nm, for example, 1nm, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 600nm, 700nm, 800nm, 900nm, or 1000 nm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the second protective layer is 100 to 500nm, for example, 100nm, 150nm, 200nm, 250nm, 300nm, 350nm, 400nm, 450nm or 500 nm.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode material layer disposed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector.
The negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode material can be reasonably selected by those skilled in the art according to design requirements, for example, the negative electrode current collector is a copper foil, and the negative electrode active material is a graphite material or a silicon-based negative electrode material.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery comprising a positive electrode, a separator and a negative electrode stacked together, wherein the negative electrode adopts the negative electrode structure of the first aspect.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the active material in the positive electrode is a sulfur-carbon composite material, a sulfur-polymer composite material, or an iron disulfide material.
Exemplarily, a preparation method of the battery is provided, and the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
coating negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector, rolling and baking to form a negative electrode material layer, preparing to obtain a negative electrode sheet, sequentially preparing a first protective layer on at least one side surface of the negative electrode sheet by using a magnetron sputtering method, preparing a lithium layer by pressing and pasting equipment and preparing a second protective layer by using the magnetron sputtering method, and performing first standing for 2-24 hours under the condition that the environmental dew point is less than or equal to minus 45 ℃ to obtain the negative electrode structure;
(II) coating the positive electrode slurry on the surface of a positive electrode current collector, rolling and drying to form a positive electrode material layer, and preparing to obtain the positive electrode;
(III) laminating the negative electrode structure, the diaphragm and the positive electrode to form a battery core, placing the battery core into a shell, injecting electrolyte into the shell, sealing the shell, placing the shell into a clamp, and standing for 6-24 hours at the temperature of 30-45 ℃ for the second time to prepare the battery.
The recitation of numerical ranges herein includes not only the above-recited numerical values, but also any numerical values between non-recited numerical ranges, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the precise numerical values encompassed within the range for brevity and clarity.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the utility model, the first protective layer, the lithium layer and the second protective layer are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative plate, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, lithium dendrite generation of metal lithium in the stripping and deposition processes is effectively avoided, the lithium ion battery can be further used with a low-cost sulfur positive electrode material or an iron disulfide positive electrode material, the safety performance and the cycle performance of the battery are effectively improved, the energy density of the battery can reach 250Wh/kg, the cycle frequency can reach 500 times, and the lithium ion battery has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in preparation, easiness in large-scale production, high stability and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a stacked structure of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-negative plate; 2-a first protective layer; 3-a lithium layer; 4-a second protective layer; 5-a negative electrode structure; 6-positive electrode; 7-a diaphragm.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a negative electrode structure 5, as shown in fig. 1, the negative electrode structure 5 includes a negative electrode sheet 1, and at least one side surface of the negative electrode sheet 1 is sequentially stacked with a first protective layer 2, a lithium layer 3, and a second protective layer 4.
According to the utility model, the first protective layer 2, the lithium layer 3 and the second protective layer 4 are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative plate 1, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, lithium dendrites generated in the stripping and deposition processes of metal lithium are effectively avoided, the lithium ion battery can be further used with a low-cost sulfur positive electrode 6 material or an iron disulfide positive electrode 6 material, the safety performance and the cycle performance of the battery are effectively improved, the energy density of the battery can reach 250Wh/kg, the cycle frequency can reach 500 times, and the lithium ion battery has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in preparation, easiness in large-scale production, high stability and the like.
Optionally, in the present invention, the material of the first protection layer 2 includes one or a combination of at least two of lithium phosphate, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, metal oxide, metal sulfide, or metal nitride, preferably lithium phosphorus oxynitride; the material of the second protection layer 4 includes one or a combination of at least two of lithium phosphate, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, metal oxide, metal sulfide, or metal nitride, preferably lithium phosphorus oxynitride.
Specifically, in the negative electrode structure 5, the first protective layer 2, the lithium layer 3, and the second protective layer 4 are respectively stacked on both sides of the negative electrode sheet 1.
Specifically, the thickness of the first protective layer 2 is 0.1 to 5 μm, preferably 0.5 to 3 μm; the thickness of the lithium layer 3 is 10-50 μm; the thickness of the second protective layer 4 is 1 to 1000nm, preferably 100 to 500 nm.
Specifically, the negative electrode tab 1 includes a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode material layer disposed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector. Optionally, the negative electrode current collector is a copper foil, and the negative electrode active material is a graphite material or a silicon-based negative electrode material.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery comprising a positive electrode 6, a separator 7 and a negative electrode stacked together, wherein the negative electrode adopts the above-described negative electrode structure 5.
Specifically, the active material in the positive electrode 6 is a sulfur-carbon composite material, a sulfur polymer composite material, or an iron disulfide material.
Exemplarily, a preparation method of the battery is provided, and the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
coating negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector, rolling and baking to form a negative electrode material layer to prepare a negative electrode sheet 1, sequentially preparing a first protective layer 2, a lithium layer 3 and a second protective layer 4 on at least one side surface of the negative electrode sheet 1 by a magnetron sputtering method, and performing first standing for 2-24 hours at the environment dew point of less than or equal to-45 ℃ to prepare a negative electrode structure 5;
(II) coating the positive electrode slurry on the surface of a positive electrode 6 current collector, rolling and drying to form a positive electrode 6 material layer, and preparing to obtain the positive electrode 6;
(III) laminating the negative electrode structure 5, the diaphragm 7 and the positive electrode 6 to form a battery core, placing the battery core into a shell, injecting electrolyte into the shell, sealing the shell, placing the shell into a clamp, and standing for 6-24 hours at the temperature of 30-45 ℃ for the second time to obtain the battery.
According to a specific embodiment, the first protective layer 2, the lithium layer 3 and the second protective layer 4 are sequentially stacked on the surface of at least one side of the negative plate 1, so that sufficient lithium source supply of the lithium ion battery is realized, lithium dendrites generated in the stripping and deposition processes of metal lithium are effectively avoided, the lithium ion battery can be further used with a low-cost sulfur positive electrode 6 material or an iron disulfide positive electrode 6 material, the safety performance and the cycle performance of the battery are effectively improved, the energy density of the battery can reach 250Wh/kg, the cycle frequency can reach 500 times, and the lithium ion battery has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in preparation, easiness in large-scale production, high stability and the like.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The negative electrode structure is characterized by comprising a negative electrode piece, wherein a first protective layer, a lithium layer and a second protective layer are sequentially stacked on at least one side surface of the negative electrode piece.
2. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein a first protective layer, a lithium layer, and a second protective layer are stacked on both sides of the negative electrode sheet.
3. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the first protective layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 μm.
4. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the first protective layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 μm.
5. The negative electrode structure of claim 1, wherein the lithium layer has a thickness of 10 to 50 μm.
6. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second protective layer is 1 to 1000 nm.
7. The negative electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second protective layer is 100 to 500 nm.
8. The negative electrode structure of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode tab comprises a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode material layer disposed on a surface of the negative electrode current collector.
9. A battery comprising a positive electrode, a separator and a negative electrode stacked on each other, wherein the negative electrode has a negative electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The battery of claim 9, wherein the active material in the positive electrode is a sulfur-carbon composite, a sulfur-polymer composite, or an iron disulfide material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122568205.8U CN216250861U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Cathode structure and battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122568205.8U CN216250861U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Cathode structure and battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216250861U true CN216250861U (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| CN202122568205.8U Active CN216250861U (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Cathode structure and battery |
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- 2021-10-25 CN CN202122568205.8U patent/CN216250861U/en active Active
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