CN216250447U - Assembly for switching a microswitch, structural unit and electrical switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an assembly for a diverter switch or microswitch, to a structural unit and to an electrical switching device. The assembly includes: a switch or microswitch (3) with a pressure element (2); an abutment body (4,4') which can be placed against the pressure element (2) for the force application thereof; and a manipulator (5) with which the abutment body (4,4') can be moved and/or loaded at least in sections. The structural unit comprises a support and an abutment which is movably connected to the support and is designed as a spring element and/or as an elastic lever for use in the assembly according to the utility model. The electrical switching device comprises an assembly according to the utility model and/or a structural unit according to the utility model.

Description

Assembly for switching a microswitch, structural unit and electrical switching device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an assembly for a selector switch, in particular a microswitch (Mikrochalalter), comprising a switch or microswitch having a pressure piece (Drucktech), an abutment (Analagekoerper), which can be placed on the pressure piece for the force application thereof, and a manipulator (Betaetiger), by means of which the abutment can be moved at least in sections and/or can be acted on by force.

Background

Microswitches are currently used in electrical switching devices, which are actuated (i.e. switched or triggered) by means of a slider (Schieber). The microswitch has a very small size and nevertheless has to be able to be actuated very reliably. In particular, a reliable resetting of the microswitch when switching into a certain mode must be ensured.

Against this background, assemblies are known in which a slider moves a pressure piece or a plunger (Tauchkolben) of a microswitch. The resetting of the slider and thus of the microswitch can be effected by means of a pressure spring. However, such a slide can sometimes jam or get caught in the switching device, which results in the slide no longer moving well. The result is that the microswitch is no longer reliably actuated.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model is therefore based on the object of specifying an assembly for the reliable switching of switches, in particular microswitches, in electrical switching devices, which is disturbed as little as possible.

According to the utility model, the aforementioned object is achieved by an assembly according to the utility model.

The assembly mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the contact body is designed as a spring element and/or as an elastic lever.

According to the utility model, it was first recognized that the lever-type contact body (which is designed as a spring element or elastically) can be well balanced with respect to the construction tolerances (which can lead to clamping) without affecting the switching function of the contact body. It is furthermore conceivable that the movable actuator can be placed directly against the spring element or the lever in order to move and/or slightly deform the spring element or the lever at least in sections or to further deform the spring element or the lever from the starting state in such a way that the spring element or the lever exerts sufficient pressure on the preferably movable pressure piece of the microswitch. Finally, it was recognized that the spring element or the spring lever, due to its inherent restoring capacity, also makes it possible to very reliably release the pressure element of the microswitch again and to release the pressure again if the actuator is moved in the other direction. In this connection, a less susceptible component is described for a diverter switch, in particular a microswitch.

Advantageously, the spring element or the lever rests under prestress on the actuator. Alternatively or additionally, the spring element or the lever is formed in a curved manner. If the spring element or lever comes to bear against the actuator under prestress, it is permanently under a certain stress. As soon as the actuator is moved in the direction of the pressure piece, the spring element or the lever exerts a relatively strong pressure on the preferably movable pressure piece and switches the microswitch. Preferably, the spring element or the lever is bent in such a way that it reliably unloads the pressure piece if the manipulator is moved away from the pressure piece. This reliably resets the microswitch. The pressure element can be moved out of the microswitch again, since it is no longer acted upon by the contact body pressure.

It is further advantageous if the spring element or lever has a tip or a bulge (aushoelbung) which extends in the direction of the pressure element and/or is formed to protrude. In this way, the spring element or the lever can substantially exert a pressure force on the pressure piece substantially at the defined bearing point and at the same time can compensate for structural tolerances in the switchgear.

Advantageously, a first abutment leg (Anlageschenkel) is connected to the tip or to the projection, on which the actuator can be placed or against which the actuator abuts, wherein a second abutment leg is connected to the tip or to the projection in the opposite direction to the first abutment leg, which connects the spring element or the lever to the support. In this way, the spring element or the lever can be arranged in the switching device in a positionally stable and nevertheless displaceable manner, at least in sections.

It is further advantageous if the spring element or the lever is pivotably connected to the bracket by means of the second contact leg, wherein the spring element or the lever as a whole is pivotable relative to the bracket. Thereby, the spring element or the lever can be easily fitted at the bracket. Furthermore, if the actuator is slightly pressed against the spring element or lever in the home or rest position, the spring element or lever can be supported against the support and preferably more slightly against the pressure piece and pretensioned.

Advantageously, at least one recess (Ausnehmung) is formed at the second abutment leg, which is penetrated by the cam of the holder (durchgreifen). The cam can then form an axis of oscillation about which the spring element or the lever can oscillate. Preferably, the recess is configured as a hole, in particular a round hole. Further preferably, two such recesses are provided.

It is further advantageous if a latching element is provided at least at one longitudinal end of the cam, which is followed by a (hingreifen) recess. The spring element or the lever can thus be held or latched in a loss-proof manner on the holder. Preferably, latching elements are provided at both longitudinal ends of the cam.

Advantageously, at least one plug plate (Stecklasche) is formed on the second contact leg, which is preferably received in a form-fitting manner in a support recess (trackernische) of the support and/or is inserted therein, wherein the plug plate and/or the second contact leg is held by a pin, preferably in a form-fitting manner, against sliding out of the support recess. The support together with the abutment can thus be inserted as a structural unit into the housing, wherein preferably the pins of the housing fix and support the abutment against detachment from the support. If the pin is associated with the housing or is an integral part of the housing, assembly can be simplified, since only the bracket and the abutment form a structural unit and the abutment can be easily inserted and preassembled into the bracket. Preferably, two plug plates are formed on the second contact leg.

It is further advantageous if the spring element or the lever is connected to the support and forms a preassembled structural unit therewith. The preassembled structural unit can be inserted into the housing while maintaining tolerances to avoid creepage or creep currents.

Advantageously, the bracket has a mounting handle. The preassembled structural unit can thus be grasped manually or mechanically for the final assembly of the component.

It is further advantageous if the holder has a rounded guide section. The guide section may engage with a corresponding rounded recess (aussapraung), dome or sleeve in the housing. This provides for a correct assembly position of the holder in the housing. The guide section and the recess or sleeve are concentrically matched to one another in such a way that their peripheral sections bear against one another in a precisely fitting manner.

Advantageously, the holder is made of plastic, wherein the spring element or the lever is made of metal. This makes it possible to establish an electrical insulation between the contact body and further components of the housing of the electrical switching device.

Further advantageously, the spring element or lever is made of spring steel. The spring steel also has excellent return capability after a long operating duration. Preferably, the spring element or lever is designed as a leaf spring (Blattfeder) or according to the type of leaf spring.

Advantageously, the electrical switching apparatus has an assembly of the type described herein. The switching device is preferably designed as an overvoltage protection device (ueberspannungsschuttzgeraet), preferably for protection at voltages of up to 1.25 kV.

Drawings

In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a prior art assembly, in which a slider operates a pressure member of a microswitch,

fig. 2 shows a view of a housing of an electrical switching device, in which a pressure piece of a microswitch is actuated by a spring element of the structural unit according to fig. 3, wherein the spring element is designed as a spring lever,

fig. 3 shows a plan view of the structural unit according to fig. 2, which is formed by the carrier and the spring element, wherein the structural unit can be inserted as a preassembled structural unit into the housing according to fig. 6,

figure 4 shows a perspective view of the structural unit according to figure 3,

figure 5 shows another perspective view of the structural unit according to figure 3,

fig. 6 shows a partial view of a switching device with a housing, which has a microswitch, wherein the structural unit according to fig. 3 can be inserted into the housing,

fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a further assembly unit, which is composed of a carrier and an abutment body only, wherein the abutment body with its two plug plates at its second abutment leg is inserted into a carrier recess of the carrier, which is open on one side, and is fixed in the drawing plane upwards and downwards, i.e. supported against the carrier,

FIG. 8 shows a sectional view of the structural unit according to FIG. 7 along the sectional line in FIG. 7 in the form of a dashed line, an

Fig. 9 shows the support according to fig. 7 without the preassembled abutment in an upper view and schematically shows the housing with the pin, which fits into the pin receptacle of the support and positively fixes the assembled abutment in the support recess, in a lower view, if the structural unit according to fig. 7 is finally assembled in the housing.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a prior art assembly in which a slider 1 triggers or moves a pressure piece 2 of a microswitch 3, i.e. presses down or releases again in the drawing plane, in order to generate an electrical signal (Telesignal). However, the slide 1 sometimes jams, which results in the slide 1 no longer moving well. Axial pressure may be applied to the copper parts of the coupling, particularly during tightening of e.g. bolts. This can occur if no suitable abutment (Widerlager) is provided in the housing. The copper part can then be pressed onto the guide of the slider 1.

As a result, the slider is clamped and the microswitch 3 or its pressure element 2 can no longer be actuated reliably. In particular, the slider 1 cannot press the pressure element 2 downward and/or release it again in such a way that the pressure element 2 springs back upward in the plane of the drawing and the microswitch 3 is reliably reset.

Fig. 2 shows an assembly comprising a microswitch 3 with a pressure element 2. The assembly furthermore comprises an abutment 4 (which can be placed against the pressure element 2 for the force application thereof) and an actuator 5, with which the abutment 4 can be applied with force again.

Fig. 2 shows in particular an assembly for switching a microswitch 3, which comprises a microswitch 3 with a pressure piece 2 which can be moved up and down in the drawing plane, an abutment 4 which can be placed against the pressure piece 2 for force application thereof, and a movable actuator 5, with which the abutment 4 can be moved at least in sections and can be acted upon with force.

In order to release the pressure element 2 (i.e. to reset the microswitch 3), the abutment 4 can be unloaded or at least removed from the pressure element 2 in sections by moving the actuator 5 upwards in the plane of the drawing.

The contact body 4 is designed as a spring element and at the same time as an elastic lever. Due to the design of the contact body 2 described here, in particular, tolerances of the actuator 5 and/or the pressure element 2 or the microswitch 3 can be compensated and thus a reliable actuation or triggering of the microswitch 3 is ensured.

The spring element bears with pretensioning against the actuator 5 and is formed in a curved manner. The spring element has a tip or a bulge 6, which extends in the direction of the pressure element 2 and is formed in a convex manner.

Fig. 1 to 5 show in particular that a first abutment leg 7 is coupled to the tip or bulge 6, to which the actuator 5 can be placed, and a second abutment leg 8 is coupled to the tip or bulge 6 in the opposite direction to the first abutment leg 7, which connects the spring element to a support 9.

The spring element is pivotably connected to the bracket 9 by means of the second contact leg 8, wherein the spring element as a whole is pivotable relative to the bracket 9 in the manner of a lever.

At the second abutment leg 8, at least one recess 10 is formed, which is penetrated by a cam 11 of the bracket 9. In particular, the cam 11 projects through two recesses 10, which are arranged opposite one another and are configured as circular holes.

At both longitudinal ends of the cam 11, latching elements 16 are respectively provided, which are followed by the respective recesses 10. The detent element 16 is embodied as thickened relative to the cam 11, so that the spring element 16 can be clipped or latched. The spring element is pressed by the two latching elements 16 and is then connected to the holder 9 in a loss-proof and movable manner. This on-card (Aufrasten) can be performed manually or automatically.

The spring element is thus coupled as a lever to the support 9 and forms a preassembled structural unit 18 therewith. The bracket 9 has a mounting handle 12. The structural unit 18 can thus be gripped with special holders (Halter) and can be easily fitted and positioned.

The bracket 9 also has a rounded guide section 13. Furthermore, an insertion tongue (Einsteckzunge)14 is provided at the bracket 9. Fig. 2 shows that the rounded guide section 13 is placed in the correct position on the rounded sleeve 15 (to which the guide section corresponds). The sleeve 15 is integrated into the housing 17.

The carrier 9 is made of an electrically insulating plastic, wherein the rod-shaped spring element is made of metal. The spring element is in particular made of spring steel. The rod-shaped spring element is movably but non-removably fixed at the bracket 9.

Fig. 2 shows an electrical switching apparatus including an assembly of the type described herein.

Fig. 6 shows a housing of such a switching device, into which the preassembled structural unit 18 according to fig. 3 to 5 can be inserted manually or automatically.

The structural unit 18 ensures electrical insulation with respect to the current-carrying components. In particular, the required spacing and free space are produced by the design of the structural unit 18 and creepage currents are avoided. The structural unit 18 can be assembled particularly easily.

If the structural unit 18 is correctly assembled, the mechanical actuator 5 is permanently pressed against the abutment 4 or at least against it. The abutment body 4 is then in the home position. If the actuator 5 is moved downward in the plane of the drawing in fig. 2, the pressure element 2 of the microswitch 3 is actuated.

If the actuator 5 is moved upward again in the plane of the drawing, the contact body 4 springs back into its original position and releases the pressure element 2 again or at least unloads it in such a way that it can spring back and reset the microswitch 3.

Fig. 7 and 8 show, according to a further assembly unit 18', that two plug-in plates 19 are formed on the second support leg 8, which are received in a form-fitting manner in a support recess 20 of the support 9' that is open on one side and are inserted into it. The two semicircular plug-in plates 19 project from the second contact leg 8 of the contact body 4 'in the direction of the support 9' and are arranged parallel to one another. The plug plate 19 does not have a recess 10 (as it is constructed in the bearing body 4 according to fig. 4), since no cam projects past the bearing body 4'.

Instead, the contact body 4' or the second contact leg 8 and therefore also the plug plate 19 is held in a form-fitting manner by a pin 21 against slipping out of the holder recess 20, the pin 21 being shown schematically in fig. 9. As soon as the module 18 'is inserted into the housing 17', the pin 21 of the housing 17 'projects through the pin receiver 22 in the bracket 9' and holds the contact body 4 'in the bracket 9'. If the plug plate 19 is received in the pocket-like holder recess 20, the pin 21 holds the abutment 4' in position.

The assembly of individually very small components in large and complex electrical switching apparatuses can be very difficult. Smaller individual components can be easily and rationally assembled by means of the smaller structural units 18,18' described here.

The structural unit 18,18 'itself can also be easily and reasonably fitted in the housing 17,17' and ensures at once that electrical insulation is ensured with respect to the components conducting the current.

Due to its design, the spring element or the spring lever can compensate tolerances of the actuator 5 or the microswitch 3 to a considerable extent and ensure a reliable actuation of the microswitch 3.

List of reference numerals

1 sliding block

23 pressure member

3 micro switch

4,4' sticking body

5 manipulator

64 of a ridge

74 first abutting side leg

84 second abutting side leg

9,9' Stent

104 of a groove

119 cam

129 fitting handle

139 guide section

149 insertion tongue

1517 Sleeve

1611 latch element

17,17' shell

18,18' structural unit

198 inserting board

209' bracket recess

2117' Pin

229'.

Claims (16)

1. An assembly for a diverter switch or microswitch (3), comprising: a switch or microswitch (3) with a pressure element (2); an abutment body (4,4') which can be placed against the pressure element (2) for the force application thereof; and a manipulator (5) with which the contact body (4,4') can be moved at least in sections and/or can be acted upon by force,

characterized in that the contact body (4,4') is designed as a spring element and/or as an elastic lever.

2. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element and/or the lever bear against the actuator (5) under pretensioning and/or are curved.

3. The assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spring element and/or the lever have a tip or a bulge (6) which extends in the direction of the pressure piece (2) and/or is formed convexly.

4. Assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that a first abutment leg (7) is coupled to the tip or bulge (6), at which the manipulator (5) can be placed or against which the manipulator (5) abuts, and a second abutment leg (8) is coupled to the tip or bulge (6) in the opposite direction to the first abutment leg (7), which joins the spring element and/or the lever to a bracket (9).

5. Assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the spring element and/or the lever are pivotably connected to the bracket (9) by means of the second abutting leg (8), wherein the spring element and/or the lever as a whole can be pivoted relative to the bracket (9).

6. Assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that at least one recess (10) is formed at the second abutment leg (8), which is penetrated by a cam (11) of the bracket (9).

7. Assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that a latching element (16) is provided at least at one longitudinal end of the cam (11), which is followed by the recess (10).

8. Assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that at the second abutting leg (8) at least one plug plate (19) is formed, which is received in a bracket recess (20) of the bracket (9') and/or is inserted therein, wherein the plug plate (19) and/or the second abutting leg (8) is held against slipping out of the bracket recess (20) by a pin (21).

9. Assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the spring element and/or the lever are joined at a bracket (9,9') and form a preassembled structural unit (18,18') therewith.

10. Assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bracket (9,9') has a fitting handle (12).

11. Assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bracket (9) has a rounded guide section (13).

12. Assembly according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bracket (9,9') is made of plastic, wherein the spring element and/or the lever are made of metal.

13. Assembly according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the spring element and/or the lever are made of spring steel.

14. A constructional unit (18,18') comprising a support (9,9') and an abutment (4,4') movably joined thereto, the abutment being designed as a spring element and/or a resilient lever for application in an assembly according to any one of the preceding claims.

15. An electrical switching apparatus comprising an assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and/or a structural unit (18,18') according to claim 14.

16. Electrical switching apparatus according to claim 15 and designed as an overvoltage protector.

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