Three-axis device and five-axis multifunctional thermoforming device applied to thermoforming machine
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of equipment development and manufacturing and the field of material molding and manufacturing, in particular to a five-axis multifunctional thermal forming device.
Background
The hot forming machine is key equipment for forming materials which are difficult to deform, such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, intermetallic compounds and the like, comprises a press loading module, a heating module, a water cooling module, a gas circuit control module and an electric appliance control module, and has the functions of isothermal hot press forming, superplastic forming, spreading connection and the like. The equipment originally depends on foreign import, a few enterprises can develop and prepare at present at home, but the loading of the existing equipment at home and abroad is up-down loading, as shown in the attached drawings 1-3, and a prior thermoforming machine is shown in the attached drawings 1-3, wherein a main body 1 of the prior thermoforming machine is provided with a front door 11 and a rear door 12 of the thermoforming machine, the front door and the rear door are driven by a transmission rod 13, and a processing cavity 16 of the thermoforming machine is covered in the processing process of the thermoforming machine to realize heat preservation; the device is characterized by further comprising an upper shaft 14 of a thermoforming machine and a lower shaft 15 of the thermoforming machine, wherein the upper shaft and the lower shaft are used for machining a device to be machined in a machining cavity 16 of the thermoforming machine, and the existing equipment has limitations in the aspects of forming pipe components, multi-directional isothermal superplastic extrusion, sheet metal components with negative angles and the like, and cannot meet machining requirements. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop new equipment to break through the limitation of the existing thermoforming loading direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The first subject of the present application was originally designed with: aiming at the problems that the existing thermoforming machine has limitations in the aspects of processing pipe components, multidirectional isothermal superplastic extrusion and negative-angle sheet metal components and cannot meet the processing requirements, a three-axis device applied to the thermoforming machine is provided for the existing thermoforming machine;
the second subject of the present application was originally designed with: aiming at the problems that the existing thermoforming machine has limitations in the aspects of processing pipe components, multidirectional isothermal superplastic extrusion and negative-angle sheet metal components and cannot meet the processing requirements, the thermoforming machine is provided;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
a three-axis apparatus for use in a thermoforming machine, said apparatus comprising: three hydraulic cylinders and a fixed plate; the fixing plate is composed of three flat plate structures, the cross sections of the fixing plate are of concave structures, and each of the three flat plate structures is provided with a through hole; the three hydraulic cylinders respectively penetrate through the three through holes and are fixed on the fixed plate, and the cylinder bottom faces to the outer side of the concave structure where the fixed plate is located.
Furthermore, the fixed plate has two layers, which are divided into an inner fixed plate and an outer fixed plate, the shape of the inner fixed plate is consistent with that of the outer fixed plate, the distance from the outer surface of the outer fixed plate to the inner surface of the inner fixed plate is less than the length of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the outer fixed plate is fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and the inner fixed plate is fixedly connected with the cylinder cover of the hydraulic cylinder.
Further, the fixing plate further comprises: the connecting columns penetrate through the outer fixing plate and the inner fixing plate and are used for fixing the outer fixing plate and the inner fixing plate, and each of three flat plate type structures forming the outer fixing plate is provided with at least two connecting columns.
Further, the device further comprises: three fixing rings; the three fixing rings are respectively sleeved on the cylinder bodies of the three hydraulic cylinders and are connected with the outer fixing plate through bolts.
Furthermore, there are eighteen connecting columns, and six connecting columns are arranged on each flat plate type structure forming the outer fixing plate.
Furthermore, the connecting column is a bolt.
Further, the thickness of the fixed plate is smaller than the length of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder.
Further, the device further comprises: three fixing rings; the three fixing rings are respectively sleeved on the cylinder bodies of the three hydraulic cylinders, and the outer side surface of the three fixing rings is of a threaded structure and is in threaded connection with the through holes in the fixing plates.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a five-axis multifunctional thermal forming device, which comprises: a thermoforming machine, said apparatus further comprising: a three-axis device; the three-shaft device is the three-shaft device applied to the thermoforming machine; the three-shaft device is fixed on the thermoforming machine, and piston rods of the three hydraulic cylinders are over against a processing cavity of the thermoforming machine.
Further, the device further comprises: the side doors are respectively arranged on the outer side walls on the left side and the right side of the thermoforming machine, and when the side doors are closed, the hollow parts on the left side and the right side of the cavity of the thermoforming device are shielded.
The application has the advantages that:
1. through the five-axis multifunctional hot forming device, the effects of simultaneously or in different steps of applying loads to the blank from five directions are achieved, so that the traditional hot forming process is reduced, the hot processing efficiency is improved, and the hot forming cost is reduced; the processing capacity of the member is obviously improved, and the method has obvious advantages for forming the complex special-shaped member; the application range of the existing thermal forming machine is widened, the universality of the thermal forming machine is obviously improved, and the effects of reducing equipment investment and saving resources are achieved.
2. The five-axis multifunctional hot forming device provided by the application ensures that the main shape of a die assembly forming sheet metal part is ensured through the upper and lower loading mechanisms, then loads are applied to the side wall of the sheet metal part through the left and right or rear side loading mechanisms, and the negative angle part is formed, so that the purpose of single-step integrated forming is realized.
3. When the special-shaped titanium alloy pipe component is formed, inert gas needs to be blown into the pipe, the special-shaped pipe component is machined by means of superplastic gas pressure, but the traditional thermal forming equipment cannot seal the two sides of the pipe, only the structure of a mould can be increased, and cost waste is caused;
4. on the basis of the existing hot forming device, the horizontal loading modules which are symmetrical left and right and the loading modules which are arranged from back to front are added, so that the workpiece is processed in the five directions of up, down, left, right and back, and direct loading of equipment such as a tubular member, multidirectional isothermal superplastic extrusion, a sheet metal member with a negative angle and the like is met;
the method is suitable for processing and application of forming pipe members, multi-directional isothermal superplastic extrusion, sheet metal members with negative angles and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a prior art thermoforming machine as referred to in the background section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a prior art thermoforming machine as referred to in the background section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a prior art thermoforming machine as referred to in the background section;
fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a triaxial apparatus according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a triaxial apparatus according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the three-shaft assembly according to the second embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a hydraulic cylinder mentioned in the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a five-axis multi-function thermoforming apparatus as set forth in the tenth embodiment;
fig. 9 is a front view schematically illustrating a five-axis multifunctional thermoforming apparatus according to the tenth embodiment, with a front door of the superplastic forming machine closed;
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of a five-axis multi-function thermoforming device as set forth in the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic rear view of a five-axis multi-function thermoforming apparatus as set forth in the tenth embodiment;
fig. 12 is a schematic top view of a fixing ring according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of a fixing ring according to the fourth embodiment;
the hot forming machine comprises a main body 1, a front door 11, a rear door 12, a transmission rod 13, an upper shaft 14, a lower shaft 15, a processing cavity 16, a three-shaft device 2, a hydraulic cylinder 21, an outer fixing plate 22, an inner fixing plate 23, a connecting column 24, a fixing ring 25, a five-shaft multifunctional hot forming device 3 and a side door 31.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, several embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments claimed in the present application, and not all of the embodiments.
First embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 4 to 7, and the present embodiment provides a three-axis apparatus 2 applied to a thermoforming machine, the apparatus including: three hydraulic cylinders 21 and a fixed plate; the fixing plate is composed of three flat plate structures, the cross sections of the fixing plate are of concave structures, and each of the three flat plate structures is provided with a through hole; the three hydraulic cylinders 21 respectively penetrate through the three through holes and are fixed on the fixing plate, and the cylinder bottom faces the outer side of the concave structure where the fixing plate is located.
The second embodiment is described with reference to fig. 4 to 7, and the third embodiment further defines the triaxial apparatus 2 applied to the thermoforming machine provided in the first embodiment, wherein the fixing plate has two layers, and is divided into an inner fixing plate 23 and an outer fixing plate 22, the shape of the inner fixing plate 23 is identical to that of the outer fixing plate 22, the distance from the outer surface of the outer fixing plate 22 to the inner surface of the inner fixing plate 23 is smaller than the length of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 21, the outer fixing plate 22 is fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and the inner fixing plate 23 is fixedly connected with the cylinder head of the hydraulic cylinder 21.
The surface of the cylinder cover of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is attached to the outer surface of the inner fixing plate 23, and the diameter of the through hole in the inner fixing plate 23 is consistent with that of the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21.
In a third embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 4 to 7, and the present embodiment is further limited to the three-axis device 2 applied to the thermoforming machine provided in the second embodiment, wherein the fixing plate further includes: the connecting columns 24 penetrate through the outer fixing plate 22 and the inner fixing plate 23 and are used for fixing the outer fixing plate 22 and the inner fixing plate 23, and each of the three flat plate structures forming the outer fixing plate 22 is provided with at least two connecting columns 24.
Two connecting columns 24 on each plane constituting the concave structure are respectively positioned at the left and right sides of the hydraulic cylinder 21.
The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7 and 12 to 13, and the third embodiment is a further limitation of the three-axis apparatus 2 applied to a thermoforming machine, provided in the second or third embodiment, and further includes: three fixing rings 25; the three fixing rings 25 are respectively sleeved on the cylinder bodies of the three hydraulic cylinders 21 and connected with the outer fixing plate 22 through bolts.
Specifically, the fixing ring 25 is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder 21, the outer fixing plate 22 is inserted into a groove of a U-shaped structure formed by two protrusions with through holes, which correspond to each other up and down and are arranged on the fixing ring 25, and then a bolt is inserted into the through hole on the fixing ring 25 to penetrate through the outer fixing plate 22 for fixing.
In the fifth embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 4 to 6, and the present embodiment further defines the three-axis device 2 applied to the thermoforming machine provided in the third embodiment, wherein there are eighteen connecting columns 24, and six connecting columns are provided on each of the flat plate structures constituting the outer fixing plate 22.
Specifically, the arrangement of the connecting columns 24 is as follows: each of the flat plate structures forming the outer fixing plate 22 has six connecting columns, three of which are located on one side of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other three of which are located on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder.
In the sixth embodiment, the third embodiment further provides a three-axis device 2 applied to a thermoforming machine, and the connecting column 24 is a bolt.
Seventh, the present embodiment is further limited to the triaxial apparatus 2 applied to a thermoforming machine provided in the first embodiment, wherein the thickness of the fixing plate is smaller than the length of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 21.
Eighth embodiment, the present embodiment is further defined by the three-axis apparatus 2 for a thermoforming machine, further comprising: three fixing rings 25; the three fixing rings 25 are respectively sleeved on the cylinder bodies of the three hydraulic cylinders 21, and the outer side surfaces of the three fixing rings are of threaded structures and are in threaded connection with the through holes in the fixing plates.
The hydraulic cylinder 21 and the fixed plate are fixed by threads.
Ninth embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 8 to 11, and the present embodiment provides a five-axis multifunctional thermoforming apparatus 3 including: a thermoforming machine, said apparatus further comprising: a triaxial apparatus 2; the three-shaft device 2 is the three-shaft device 2 applied to the thermoforming machine provided in the first embodiment; the three-axis device 2 is fixed on the thermoforming machine, and piston rods of the three hydraulic cylinders 21 are opposite to a processing cavity of the thermoforming machine.
Where reference is made to "five axes", this means that the device is implemented from five directions: processing the upper part, the lower part, the left part, the right part and the rear part simultaneously; merely by way of name, and not to limit the number of particular axes of the device.
The die required according to actual conditions is arranged at one end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 for processing, so that a multifunctional processing mode is realized.
Tenth embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 8 to 11, and the present embodiment is a further limitation of the five-axis multifunctional thermoforming apparatus 3 according to the present embodiment, the apparatus further including: two side doors 31, two side doors 31 set up respectively the thermoforming machine the outside lateral wall on the left and right sides on, when side door 31 closed, shelter from the left and right side fretwork part of thermoforming device process chamber 16.
The function of heat preservation in the processing process is realized.
Eleventh, this embodiment provides a specific example of the five-axis multifunctional thermoforming apparatus provided in the embodiment, wherein the main parameters of the apparatus are as follows:
magnitude of five-axis load
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The upper pressure is 315 tons, the lower top cylinder pressure is 30 tons, the left top cylinder pressure is 30 tons, the right top cylinder pressure is 30 tons, and the rear top cylinder pressure is 30 tons.
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Equipment structure
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Frame structure
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Master cylinder pressure control
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Servo motor
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Master cylinder velocity
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0-50mm/s and pressing speed of 0.2-2mm/s
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Temperature range
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Room temperature-10000 deg.C
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Size of heating platform
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1400mm*1000mm
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Maximum opening of heating platform
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800mm
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Lowest height of die
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≥200mm
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Upper heating platform stroke
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600mm
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Platform thermal field zoning
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Zone 4/platform
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Hot standby function
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Thermoforming, superplastic forming, multidirectional extrusion |
The present application has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, but the present application is not limited thereto, and any modification, combination of embodiments, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.