CN216211823U - Training model for viscera puncture under ultrasonic guidance - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses an ultrasonic-guided visceral puncture training model which comprises a kidney module, a liver module, a nerve blocking module and a vascular tumor puncture training module, wherein the kidney module comprises a right kidney model and a vascular bone model beside the right kidney, the liver module comprises a liver model and a vascular bone model beside the liver, the nerve blocking module comprises a plurality of nerve models and accompanying blood vessel models, the vascular tumor puncture training module comprises a plurality of Y-shaped blood vessel models and a plurality of tumor models arranged beside the Y-shaped blood vessel models, and the modules are made of thermoplastic elastomer materials. Compared with the prior art, the viscera puncture training model under the ultrasonic guidance combines various models into a whole, realizes the multi-aspect puncture training of medical personnel, has good durability, can bear repeated puncture, and meets the daily training requirement of the medical personnel.

Description

Training model for viscera puncture under ultrasonic guidance

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical instrument technology teaching and training, in particular to a visceral paracentesis training model under ultrasonic guidance.

Background

With the popularization of ultrasonic equipment and the requirement of accurate hospital diagnosis and treatment, the application range of ultrasound in clinic is increasingly wide, and more clinicians apply the ultrasonic equipment to carry out relevant diagnosis and treatment work of interventional ultrasound. The interventional ultrasound has the advantages of directly observing the anatomical structure in the human body, guiding in real time, being visible in the whole process, effectively improving the puncture success rate and reducing complications. However, most of the present clinicians do not have standardized ultrasound knowledge and skill training, lack experience of actual ultrasound equipment operation, and have the disadvantages of unclear identification of related anatomical images under ultrasound, inaccurate positioning of ultrasound images and puncture needles relative to spatial positions, and the like. The training of the interventional ultrasound is invasive operation, the simulation operation training is very necessary by using a model before the clinical practice operation is carried out on a real patient, the training content comprises common blood vessels, tumors, nerves and other anatomical structures, the ultrasonic image identification, the puncture target positioning and puncture path selection, the ultrasonic image and puncture needle space thinking conversion, the hand-eye coordination capability in the puncture process and the like are mainly learned, and the visceral puncture training under the ultrasonic guidance is the basic skill of the interventional ultrasound operation.

At present, most of molds for viscera puncture training under ultrasonic guidance directly adopt animal tissues or models made of silica gel, agar gel and the like, and carry out training of tumor puncture skill under ultrasonic guidance by pre-embedding rubber tubes or tumors in the animal tissues. However, animal tissues are easy to deteriorate and rot, the animal tissues need to be purchased and prepared in advance before operation, epidemic prevention work needs to be done at the same time, the elasticity of the animal tissues is poor after long-term puncture, pre-buried blood vessels and lesions are flattened, the operation training can be generally only endured for 30-40 times, and both the labor cost and the economic cost of the training are high; due to the material of the models such as silica gel and agar gel, after repeated puncture training for many times, a needle channel which cannot be healed is easily formed, and a highlight echo is formed in an ultrasonic image, so that the quality of the ultrasonic image and the puncture effect are influenced; in addition, the integration level of the current model is low, the model is mainly used for training single skills, such as single blood vessel puncture, tumor puncture, nerve block and the like, the built-in anatomical structure is single, the difficulty of a focus module is generally set, and the existing model cannot meet the requirement of multi-level teaching at the same time.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model aims to provide an ultrasonic-guided visceral paracentesis training model which has the advantages of reliable structure, capability of realizing multi-organ paracentesis training and the like.

Based on this, the utility model provides an ultrasound-guided visceral paracentesis training model, which comprises:

a kidney module comprising a right kidney model, a right renal artery model, a right renal vein model, a right renal ureter model, an abdominal aorta model, an inferior vena cava model, the right kidney model comprising a renal cortex model, a renal medullary model, a renal pelvis model, and a renal calyx model;

a liver module comprising a liver model, a gall bladder model, an abdominal trunk model, the liver model comprising a right hepatic vein model, a middle hepatic vein model, a left hepatic vein model, a portal vein model, a left portal vein model, and a right portal vein model;

wherein, simulated blood is perfused in each artery and vein model, simulated bile is perfused in the gall bladder model, and the kidney module and the liver module are made of thermoplastic elastomer materials.

In some embodiments of the present application, the nerve blocking module is also comprised, and the nerve blocking module is also made of a thermoplastic elastomer material, and the nerve blocking module comprises a lower femoral artery model, a lower femoral vein model, a lower sciatic nerve model, a tibial nerve model, a common peroneal nerve model, an upper femoral artery model, an upper femoral vein model, and a femoral nerve model.

In some embodiments of the present application, the renal module further comprises a spine model including a thoraco-duodenal vertebral body model, a lumbar-one vertebral body model, and a lumbar-two vertebral body model.

In some embodiments of the present application, the liver module further comprises a bone model comprising a sternum, a xiphoid process model, a fifth anterior rib model, a sixth anterior rib model, a seventh anterior rib model, an eighth anterior rib model, a ninth anterior rib model, and a costal arch model.

In some embodiments of the present application, the spine model and the sternum model are made of nylon.

In some embodiments of the present application, a first liver lesion is disposed below the right hepatic vein model, a second liver lesion is disposed between the left hepatic vein model and the left portal vein model, and a third liver lesion is disposed between the portal vein model and the middle hepatic vein model.

In some embodiments of the application, the first liver lesion has a diameter of 20mm, the second liver lesion has a diameter of 25mm, and the third liver lesion has a diameter of 15 mm.

In some embodiments of the present application, a first kidney lesion and a second kidney lesion are provided in the right side kidney model, the first kidney lesion is located above the second kidney lesion.

In some embodiments of the present application, infrared alarm devices are provided in the gallbladder model, the inferior vena cava model, and the abdominal aorta model in the liver module.

In some embodiments of the present application, the kidney module, the liver module, and the nerve block module are injection molded.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an ultrasonic-guided visceral paracentesis training model, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

the utility model provides an ultrasonic-guided visceral paracentesis training model, which comprises a plurality of parts such as kidneys, livers and nerves, wherein each part is designed based on the human body statistical data of Chinese adult males, so that the accuracy and the practicability of the paracentesis model can be effectively ensured, clinicians can be helped to be familiar with the human body condition as soon as possible, and the appearance of the model provides clinical experience for the cliniciansThe physician provides a repeated risk-free training environment, so that the clinician can grow up quickly; furthermore, this model adopts the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material that has human tissue supersound acoustics characteristic to make, can present accurate image under the supersound is investigated, and the material has "self-healing" function simultaneously, can tolerate the operation training of puncturing repeatedly many times, and the needle track can heal by oneself after 72 hours after the puncture, does not influence supersound once more and punctures the training. Specifically, the model was tested per square centimeter (cm)²) Can tolerate puncture training more than 1200 repeatedly, the needle track after the puncture can heal up, and the ultrasound exploration image after the puncture still clearly does not see obvious needle track, and the durability problem of current model can be solved to this training model, satisfies the puncture training demand repeatedly that puncture was intervene to clinical ultrasound.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a renal module according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of a kidney according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liver module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interior of a liver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 5 is a top view of a nerve block module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of a nerve block module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a vascular tumor puncture training module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, right kidney model; 1a, renal cortex model; 1b, renal medullary model; 1c, the renal calyx model; 1d, renal pelvis model; 1e, first kidney lesion; 1f, second kidney lesion; 2. a right renal artery model; 3. a right renal vein model; 4. right renal ureter model; 5. a thoraco-dodeca vertebral model; 6. a lumbar-vertebral model; 7. a lumbar vertebral body model; 8. an abdominal aorta model; 9. an inferior vena cava model; 10. a liver model; 10a, a hepatic right vein model; 10b, hepatic mid-vein model; 10c, hepatic left vein model; 10d, portal vein model; 10e, portal vein left branch model; 10f, portal vein right branch model; 10g, first liver lesion; 10h, second liver lesion; 10i, third liver lesion; 11. a gallbladder model; 12. an abdominal torso model; 13. a xiphoid process model; 14. a fifth front rib mold; 15. a sixth front rib mold; 16. a seventh front rib mold; 17. a ninth front rib mold; 18. a rib arch model; 19. a lower femoral artery model; 20. a femoral vein inferior model; 21. a tibial nerve model; 22. a common peroneal nerve model; 23. a sciatic nerve inferior model; 24. a femoral artery upper segment model; 25. a femoral vein superior segment model; 26. a femoral nerve model; 27. a first Y-shaped vessel model; 28. a second Y-shaped vessel model; 29. vascular tumor models.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the utility model but are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

It should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", and the like are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, which are used only to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "front" information may also be referred to as "rear" information, and "rear" information may also be referred to as "front" information without departing from the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model, which includes a plurality of modules such as a kidney module, a liver module, and a nerve blocking module, specifically, the kidney module is disposed in a trunk model 12 from eleventh thoracic and twelve thoracic vertebral planes to second and third lumbar vertebral interstitial planes, and has an accurate anatomical structure such as a right kidney and adjacent vascular bones thereof, including a right kidney model 1, a right uretero renal model 4, a right renal artery model 2, a right renal vein model 3, an abdominal aorta model 8, a inferior vena cava model 9, and a spine model, where the right kidney model 1 has an accurate internal anatomical structure of a kidney such as a renal cortex model 1a, a renal medulla model 1b, a renal calyx model 1c, and a renal pelvis model 1 d. The structures are made of TPE materials based on real human body data and anatomical design, can present vivid images under medical ultrasonic equipment, and medical workers can conduct kidney ultrasonic examination training by means of the model, such as kidney standard section exploration and size measurement, including kidney coronal section, kidney transverse section, kidney long-diameter measurement, kidney wide-diameter measurement, kidney thick-diameter measurement, kidney solid thickness, kidney sinus width measurement and the like, and kidney focus position, echo, size measurement and the like. The vertebra model includes chest twelve centrum model 5, waist one centrum model 6, waist two centrum models 7 etc for the TPE material of making each model forms transparent material through handling, and medical personnel's accessible naked eye direct observation model's internal conditions, this model still can be used to kidney biopsy position and ultrasonic guidance down kidney puncture biopsy training location training.

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a first kidney focus 1e and a second kidney focus 1f are set in the right kidney model 1 according to the existing disease condition, specifically, the kidney focus may select common diseases such as kidney stones, and the like, and the density of the TPE material used for manufacturing the kidney focus is different from that of other models, and when the manufacturing is completed, the color and the echo of the first kidney focus 1e and the second kidney focus 1f are different from those of normal kidney tissue, and the material-drawing effect of the biopsy may be identified by this feature.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the liver module of the present application is shaped as an adult male trunk, i.e., an abdominal trunk model 12 from a fifth intercostal space plane to an umbilical plane, and has bony structures such as a xiphoid process model 13, a fifth anterior rib model 14, a sixth anterior rib model 15, a seventh anterior rib model 16, a ninth anterior rib model 17, and a costal arch model 18, and accurate anatomical structures such as a liver model 10, a left hepatic vein model 10c, a middle hepatic vein model 10b, a right hepatic vein model 10a, a portal vein model 10d, a left portal vein model 10e, a right portal vein model 10f, a natural hepatic artery model, a gallbladder model 11, a inferior vena cava model 9, and an abdominal aorta model 8 are located in an abdominal cavity based on real body data and anatomical design. The model is formed by integrally injection molding by using TPE (thermoplastic elastomer) materials, nylon materials, calcium powder and other materials through density, concentration and color adjustment, anatomical structures such as livers, blood vessels and the like in the model can present vivid images under medical ultrasonic equipment, liver ultrasonic examination can be carried out, the anatomical structures comprise liver standard sections, liver section sections and the like, the liver veins, portal veins, hepatic intrinsic arteries and the like in the livers are subjected to walking evaluation, the sizes of the livers and the sizes of focuses in the livers are measured, echo property description and the like are obtained, and liver tumor puncture biopsy standardized process training, needle distribution skill training of liver tumor ablation or microwave treatment and the like under ultrasonic guidance can be carried out.

Similarly, based on the existing disease condition, the liver model 10 is provided with a plurality of liver focuses, the colors of the liver focuses are different from the colors of surrounding tissues, and the tissue color on the needle for needle biopsy can be observed after the needle biopsy is completed, so that the material taking effect of the needle biopsy can be identified. Furthermore, infrared alarm devices are arranged in the gallbladder model 11, the inferior vena cava model 9 and the abdominal aorta model 8, and when the gallbladder model 11, the inferior vena cava model 9 and the abdominal aorta model 8 are punctured by mistake in the puncturing process, a complication alarm sound is given out to prompt the occurrence of complications. In the embodiment of the utility model, three focuses are arranged in the liver model 10, specifically, a first liver focus 10g with the diameter of 20mm is arranged below the right hepatic vein model 10a, a second liver focus 10h with the diameter of 25mm is arranged between the left hepatic vein model 10c and the left hepatic vein model 10e, and a third liver focus 10i with the diameter of 15mm is arranged between the portal vein model 10d and the middle hepatic vein model 10 b. The sizes and distribution positions of all focuses are different, so that various conditions encountered in the liver tumor puncture process under the guidance of clinical ultrasound can be simulated, and the operation guidelines of liver puncture under the guidance of ultrasound need to be followed: through partial normal liver tissue, puncture to blood vessels, gall bladder and the like is avoided, puncture requirements such as shortest puncture path, puncture angle and the like are selected, a difficulty progressive training tool is provided for an operator, and the personal growth curve is shortened.

The nerve block module of the present application is designed based in part on the anatomical relationships of the femoral nerve, femoral artery and femoral vein in the human anatomy, and the anatomical relationships of the distal sciatic nerve and its branches, tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve, femoral artery and femoral vein. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the model includes a lower femoral artery model 19, a lower femoral vein model 20, a tibial nerve model 21, a common peroneal nerve model 22, a lower sciatic nerve model 23, an upper femoral artery model 24, an upper femoral vein model 25, and a femoral nerve model 26. The diameter of femoral nerve is 8mm, the diameter of femoral artery and vein is 8mm, and simulated blood is perfused in artery and vein. The sciatic nerve is 10mm in diameter and gradually changes into a tibial nerve with a diameter of 4mm and a common peroneal nerve with a diameter of 3 mm. Femoral nerve tissues present hypoechos under ultrasound, sciatic nerve tissues present mid-echos under ultrasound, consistent with clinical nerve tissue acoustic properties. The positions and the walking between the nerves and the blood vessels are consistent with the human anatomy, which is beneficial to improving the training accuracy and ensuring the training effect. Based on the structure, the blood vessel puncture training can be carried out on the model by using the medical ultrasonic equipment and the puncture needle, and liquid can be pumped back when the puncture is successful. Meanwhile, the nerve blocking operation training of local areas of sciatic nerve and femoral nerve under ultrasonic guidance can be carried out, the simulation anesthetic can be injected around the nerve, the needle point position is confirmed through injection liquid, and the process that the puncture needle punctures and the simulation anesthetic surrounds the nerve in the regional nerve blocking operation can be observed in real time.

It should be noted that, in order to distinguish the spine model and the sternum model from the kidney model, the liver model, etc., in some embodiments of the present application, both the spine model and the sternum model are made of nylon material so as to be distinguished during the ultrasonic detection.

In addition, each concrete model of this training model adopts the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material that has human tissue supersound acoustics characteristic to make, can present accurate image under the supersound is surveyed, and the material has "self-healing" function simultaneously, can tolerate and puncture the operation training repeatedly many times, and the needle track can heal by oneself after 72 hours after the puncture, does not influence supersound once more and punctures the training. Specifically, the model was tested per square centimeter (cm)²) Can tolerate puncture training more than 1200 repeatedly, the needle track after the puncture can heal up, and the ultrasound exploration image after the puncture still clearly does not see obvious needle track, and the durability problem of current model can be solved to this training model, satisfies the puncture training demand repeatedly that puncture was intervene to clinical ultrasound.

Further, for the nerve blocking module of the present application, which includes only a partial nerve model and a blood vessel model, it is impossible to effectively demonstrate the clinically common vascular tumor. Therefore, in order to improve the practicability of the training model, as shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present application, the ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model further includes a vascular mass puncture training module, specifically, the module includes a first Y-shaped blood vessel model 27, a second Y-shaped blood vessel model 28, and a plurality of vascular mass models 29 disposed beside the two Y-shaped blood vessel models. The module can also help medical personnel to promote the learning and cognition of anatomical structures such as blood vessels and tumors, and can remarkably improve the ultrasonic image identification capability, puncture target positioning capability and puncture path selection of the medical personnel, the spatial thinking conversion between the ultrasonic image and the puncture needle, the hand-eye coordination capability in the puncture process and the like.

Optionally, kidney module, liver module, nerve block module and the vascular swelling puncture training module of this application all adopt injection molding process preparation shaping, and the technology is ripe, easily preparation, is favorable to promoting production efficiency.

In summary, the utility model provides an ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model, which includes a kidney module, a liver module, a nerve blocking module and a vascular mass puncture training module, wherein the kidney module includes a right kidney model and a vascular bone model beside the right kidney, the liver module includes a liver model and a vascular bone model beside the liver, the nerve blocking module includes a plurality of nerve models and accompanying blood vessel models, the vascular mass puncture training module includes a plurality of Y-shaped blood vessel models and a plurality of mass models disposed beside the Y-shaped blood vessel models, and each module is made of a thermoplastic elastomer material. Compared with the prior art, the viscera puncture training model under the ultrasonic guidance combines various models into a whole, realizes the multi-aspect puncture training of medical personnel, has good durability, can bear repeated puncture, and meets the daily training requirement of the medical personnel.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrasound-guided visceral paracentesis training model, comprising:

a kidney module comprising a right kidney model, a right renal artery model, a right renal vein model, a right renal ureter model, an abdominal aorta model, an inferior vena cava model, the right kidney model comprising a renal cortex model, a renal medullary model, a renal pelvis model, and a renal calyx model;

a liver module comprising a liver model, a gall bladder model, an abdominal trunk model, the liver model comprising a right hepatic vein model, a middle hepatic vein model, a left hepatic vein model, a portal vein model, a left portal vein model, and a right portal vein model;

wherein, simulated blood is perfused in each artery and vein model, simulated bile is perfused in the gall bladder model, and the kidney module and the liver module are made of thermoplastic elastomer materials.

2. The ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model of claim 1, further comprising a nerve blocking module, wherein the nerve blocking module is also made of a thermoplastic elastomer material, and the nerve blocking module comprises a lower femoral artery model, a lower femoral vein model, a tibial nerve model, a common peroneal nerve model, a lower sciatic nerve model, an upper femoral artery model, an upper femoral vein model, and a femoral nerve model.

3. The ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model of claim 1, wherein the renal module further comprises spine models comprising a thoraco-twelve vertebral model, a lumbar-one vertebral model, and a lumbar-two vertebral model.

4. The ultrasound-guided visceral paracentesis training model of claim 3, wherein the liver module further comprises a skeletal model comprising a xiphoid process model, a fifth anterior rib model, a sixth anterior rib model, a seventh anterior rib model, an eighth anterior rib model, a ninth anterior rib model, and an arcus costalis model.

5. The ultrasound-guided visceral paracentesis training model of claim 4, wherein the spine model and the bone model are made of nylon.

6. The ultrasound-guided visceral paracentesis training model of claim 1, wherein a first liver lesion is located below the right hepatic vein model, a second liver lesion is located between the left hepatic vein model and the left portal vein model, and a third liver lesion is located between the portal vein model and the middle hepatic vein model.

7. The ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model of claim 6, wherein the first liver lesion has a diameter of 20mm, the second liver lesion has a diameter of 25mm, and the third liver lesion has a diameter of 15 mm.

8. The ultrasound-guided visceral aspiration training model of claim 1, wherein a first kidney lesion and a second kidney lesion are disposed in the right kidney model, and wherein the first kidney lesion is located above the second kidney lesion.

9. The ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model of claim 1, wherein infrared alarm devices are provided in the gallbladder model, the inferior vena cava model, and the abdominal aorta model in the liver module.

10. The ultrasound-guided visceral puncture training model of claim 2, wherein the kidney module, the liver module, and the nerve block module are injection molded.

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