CN216198383U

CN216198383U - Plasma tail gas treatment device based on porous material

Info

Publication number: CN216198383U
Application number: CN202121147148.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏巧玲; 王军锋; 张伟; 吴天一
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2021-05-26
Filing date: 2021-05-26
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a porous material-based plasma tail gas treatment device, which comprises a reaction device main body, a filter, a frequency modulation transformer, a porous ceramic plate, an array type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode and a gas mixing buffer chamber, wherein the reaction device main body is provided with a plurality of electrodes; the bottom of the reaction device main body is provided with a gas mixing buffer chamber which is connected with the tail gas channel and the air channel; the filter is positioned at the front end of the tail gas channel; the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode is arranged at the bottom of the reaction device main body and is positioned above the gas mixing buffer chamber; the frequency modulation transformer is connected with the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode; the porous ceramic plate is arranged above the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode; the reaction device main body is positioned above the porous ceramic plate and is sequentially provided with a liquid discharge pipeline, a liquid injection pipeline and an exhaust pipeline from bottom to top; the grounding electrode is arranged in the main body of the reaction device and is arranged over the porous part of the ceramic plate. The utility model effectively solves the problems of low and insufficient treatment efficiency of gas pollutants in automobile exhaust.

Description

Plasma tail gas treatment device based on porous material

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile exhaust treatment, and particularly relates to a plasma exhaust treatment device based on a porous material.

Background

With the concentration of urban population and the development of scientific technology, the automobile holding amount is increasing continuously. The emission of automobile exhaust has become one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution, and the harm of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and PM2.5 in the exhaust to human bodies and the pollution to the environment are increasingly severe, and the problem of automobile exhaust pollution needs to be solved urgently.

At present, there are theoretically various ways for treating automobile exhaust, wherein compared with other treatment methods, the methods such as using clean fuel and improving the structure of an automobile fuel engine can fundamentally reduce the pollution of the automobile exhaust to the environment. The development and utilization of clean fuel oil effectively alleviate the problem, however, the current research on clean fuel oil is not sufficient, the properties of the clean fuel in the existing research are not stable, the clean fuel oil cannot completely replace the traditional fossil fuel, and the development of clean fuel oil with higher combustion quality still faces a plurality of technical problems. Meanwhile, the improvement of the structure of the fuel engine requires a large amount of manpower and material resources for a long time, and is difficult to immediately put into production and use, so that the improvement cannot be realized in a short time. The automobile exhaust purification device has the advantages of simple structure, simple process and obvious purification effect. Compared with the method for fundamentally reducing the tail gas pollution, the tail gas purification device can optimize the automobile tail gas treatment structure in a short period so as to reduce the pollution of harmful substances in the tail gas to the environment.

The automobile exhaust purification device mainly comprises two aspects of treatment of particle pollutants and gas pollutants due to different objects. The treatment of particulate pollutants, which is widely used at present, mainly comprises two methods of filtering, catalytic oxidation and adsorption-combustion; for gaseous pollutants, three-way catalysts are now widely used to treat them. However, because the catalyst is expensive and the secondary pollution is easily caused by insufficient combustion in the tail gas after combustion treatment, further research is needed to make up for the defects of various tail gas treatment methods.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional tail gas treatment mode, the utility model provides a plasma tail gas treatment device based on a porous material, which effectively treats gas pollutant components such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon in automobile tail gas by utilizing the activities of oxidation reduction and the like of free radicals in plasma, converts the gas pollutants into water and carbon dioxide through oxidation reduction reaction and then discharges the water and the carbon dioxide into the atmospheric environment, thereby reducing the pollution of the automobile tail gas to the atmosphere, optimizing a tail gas treatment structure, effectively solving the problems of low treatment efficiency and insufficient treatment efficiency of the gas pollutants in the automobile tail gas, reducing the treatment cost, expanding the application range, being beneficial to realizing the light weight of the whole automobile and reducing the carbon emission.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a plasma tail gas treatment device based on porous materials comprises a reaction device main body, a filter, a frequency modulation transformer, a porous ceramic plate, an array type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode, a grounding electrode and a gas mixing buffer chamber; the bottom of the reaction device main body is provided with a gas mixing buffer chamber, and the gas mixing buffer chamber is connected with the tail gas channel and the air channel; the filter is positioned at the front end of the tail gas channel; the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode is arranged at the bottom of the reaction device main body and is positioned above the gas mixing buffer chamber; the frequency modulation transformer is connected with the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode; the porous ceramic plate is arranged above the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode; the reaction device main body is positioned above the porous ceramic plate and is sequentially provided with a liquid discharge pipeline, a liquid injection pipeline and an exhaust pipeline from bottom to top; the grounding electrode is arranged in the reaction device main body and is arranged over the porous part of the ceramic plate, and the grounding electrode is positioned between the liquid injection pipeline and the exhaust pipeline in space and is close to the liquid level.

In the scheme, the device also comprises a circulating water cooling device; the circulating water cooling device is arranged on the outer surface of the reaction device main body; the circulating water cooling device is provided with a condensed water inlet and a condensed water outlet.

In the above scheme, the circulating water cooling device is connected with the vehicle-mounted circulating cooling water device.

In the above scheme, the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode comprises a plurality of needle-shaped high-voltage electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the top of each needle-shaped high-voltage electrode respectively penetrates through the corresponding hole on the porous ceramic plate.

In the above aspect, the ground electrode is a plate electrode.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the utility model, the porous ceramic plate is used as the bubbling device, so that the tail gas is introduced into the reaction device in a uniform micro-size bubble form after being uniformly charged through the array type needle electrodes on the premise of ensuring larger ventilation flow, the tail gas treatment flow is enlarged, the formation efficiency of low-temperature plasma is improved, and the tail gas treatment efficiency of the device is effectively improved. The grounding electrode is close to the liquid level, and a large amount of plasmas can be generated at the liquid level due to high-voltage pulse discharge, so that the purification efficiency of the tail gas is ensured. And circulating cooling water is injected into the circulating water cooling device to cool the main body of the reaction device so as to ensure the treatment effect on the tail gas pollutants. Before the tail gas is introduced into the reaction device, air is introduced into the tail gas for premixing, the tail gas is effectively cooled, the oxygen content of the tail gas is obviously improved, and the generation of free radical active particles in the reactor is promoted. Different from the traditional tail gas treatment technology, the reaction solution in the low-temperature plasma generating device is water, so that the low-temperature plasma generating device is low in cost, easy to replace and not easy to cause secondary pollution; the utility model has simple structure and convenient maintenance, reduces the maintenance cost, and can generate the plasma by the high-voltage pulse discharge in water and simultaneously generate the shock wave which can clean the inner wall of the reaction vessel of the device, thereby preventing the vessel pipeline from being blocked and aged; the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, low cost and lower requirement on the air-fuel ratio of the automobile, and has larger practical application potential.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma tail gas treatment device based on a porous material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the appearance of a bottom porous ceramic plate in a reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a porous ceramic plate and an array of needle-like high voltage electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a filter, 2, a frequency modulation transformer, 3, a porous ceramic plate, 4, an array type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode, 5, a grounding electrode, 6, an external circulating water cooling device, 7, a gas mixing buffer chamber, 8, a liquid injection pipeline and 9, a liquid discharge pipeline are arranged; 10. the exhaust pipeline, 11, a condensed water inlet, 12, a condensed water outlet, 13, a tail gas channel and 14, an air channel.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Fig. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the porous material based plasma exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention, which comprises a reaction device body, a filter 1, a frequency modulation transformer 2, a porous ceramic plate 3, an array type needle-like high voltage electrode 4, a ground electrode 5 and a gas mixing buffer chamber 7; the bottom of the reaction device main body is provided with a gas mixing buffer chamber 7, and the gas mixing buffer chamber 7 is connected with a tail gas channel 13 and an air channel 14; the filter 1 is positioned at the front end of the tail gas channel 13; the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode 4 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction device main body and is positioned above the gas mixing buffer chamber 7; the frequency modulation transformer 2 is connected with the array type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode 4; the porous ceramic plate 3 is arranged above the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode 4; the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode 4 comprises a plurality of needle-shaped high-voltage electrodes arranged in an array manner, and the top of each needle-shaped high-voltage electrode respectively penetrates through the corresponding hole on the porous ceramic plate 3; the reaction device main body is positioned above the porous ceramic plate 3 and is sequentially provided with a liquid discharge pipeline 9, a liquid injection pipeline 8 and an exhaust pipeline 10 from bottom to top; the grounding electrode 5 is arranged in the main body of the reaction device and is arranged over the porous part 3 of the ceramic plate, and the grounding electrode 5 is positioned between the liquid injection pipeline 8 and the gas exhaust pipeline 10 in space and is close to the liquid level.

According to the present embodiment, it is preferable to further include a circulating water cooling device 6; the circulating water cooling device 6 is arranged on the outer surface of the reaction device main body; the circulating water cooling device 6 is provided with a condensed water inlet 11 and a condensed water outlet 12.

According to the present embodiment, preferably, the circulating water cooling device 6 is connected to an on-vehicle circulating cooling water device.

According to the present embodiment, preferably, the ground electrode 5 is a plate-shaped electrode.

The working process of the plasma tail gas treatment device based on the porous material is as follows:

water enters the main body of the reaction device through the liquid injection pipeline 8; tail gas firstly filters particle pollutants through a filter 1 on a tail gas channel 13, then the tail gas and air are premixed in a gas buffer mixing chamber 7, then the tail gas is charged through an array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode 4 and then is introduced into a plasma reaction device main body through a porous ceramic plate 3 in a uniform micro-bubble mode, carbon monoxide pollutants which are insoluble in water are subjected to sufficient oxidation reaction through a free radical active particle layer formed under the action of a high-voltage pulse electric field on a liquid surface in the process of floating upwards to leave a solution, carbon dioxide and water are generated, and finally the carbon dioxide is discharged out of the reaction device main body through an exhaust channel 10; the circulating water cooling device 6 is arranged on the outer surface of the reaction device main body, and circulating cooling water is injected into the circulating water cooling device 6 to cool the reaction device main body.

The porous ceramic plate 3 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction device main body, can increase the ventilation flow of the device, and can ensure that the discharged tail gas to be treated can fully react in the reaction device to generate harmless gases such as carbon dioxide and the like and then is discharged out of the reaction device.

The filter 1 is arranged at the front end of the tail gas channel 13, and can filter and remove particulate pollutants in the tail gas, so that the gaseous pollutants in the tail gas can be conveniently and thoroughly treated.

The frequency modulation transformer 2 is connected with a vehicle-mounted engine, provides a high-voltage pulse power supply for a tail gas treatment device, and provides a premise for generation of plasma and treatment of tail gas by active ions.

The array type tungsten wire needle electrode 4 connected with the frequency modulation transformer 2 in the porous ceramic plate 3 is used as a high-voltage electrode of the reaction device, so that the tail gas can be fully charged before being introduced into the plasma reaction generation device main body, and the tail gas can be more fully treated by the oxidation of active particles after entering a container in a bubbling mode.

The grounding electrode 5 is arranged over the porous ceramic plate 3 and is close to the liquid level of the solution, and plasma is generated on the liquid level. Because gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon are difficult to dissolve in water, the gaseous pollutants leave the solution after floating and rising, the gaseous pollutants can be fully oxidized into carbon dioxide and water when leaving the liquid surface, and the treatment efficiency of tail gas is ensured to a certain extent.

The utility model takes plasma generated by high-voltage pulse discharge as a main technical means, and treats gas pollutant components such as carbon monoxide and the like in tail gas by utilizing the characteristic that active particles such as free radicals have oxidation activity and are easy to react with other substances to generate stable molecules. The vehicle-mounted engine is used as a power supply source, and the output voltage is converted into high-voltage pulse voltage by using the frequency modulation transformer 2. The instantaneous strong electric field formed by the high-voltage pulse power supply can make electrons obtain energy to collide with surrounding molecules, so that active particles or free radicals are formed. And the tail gas to be treated is subjected to premixed air treatment, so that the reaction temperature of the tail gas is reduced, and the tail gas treatment is facilitated. Meanwhile, the content of oxygen introduced into the main body of the reaction device can be increased, and the formation efficiency of free radical active particles is improved. The array needle-like high-voltage electrode 4 is used as a high-voltage electrode, the porous structure of the porous ceramic plate 3 is utilized in a bubbling method mode, the tail gas to be treated is uniformly charged in a uniform micro-bubble mode and then is introduced into the main body of the reaction device, and therefore the tail gas treatment efficiency is improved.

The method utilizes water as a continuous liquid phase, and is different from the method that the catalyst has higher cost and the catalytic effect is reduced if the catalyst is not replaced in time after being used for a long time; and the combustion process may cause secondary pollution due to incomplete combustion, the resulting particulate matter causing blockage of the vent line. The reaction solution is water, so that the reaction treatment is more environment-friendly and effective, and secondary pollution is not easy to cause. Install particulate matter filter 1 additional at tail gas import department, improve the device and to the pertinence of gaseous pollutant processing, do benefit to the centralized processing to particulate pollutant simultaneously. Compared with a direct-current power supply, the high-voltage pulse power supply is used for discharging in water, so that the electric energy loss can be reduced, and the required plasma can be prepared more easily. If the temperature is too high, the device is not beneficial to the oxidation reaction of tail gas treatment, and has potential safety hazard. Therefore, the water cooling device 6 is circulated outside the plasma generation reactor, and circulating cooling water is injected to cool the plasma generation device so as to ensure the generation efficiency of active particles and effective treatment of gas pollutants. The porous ceramic plate 3 can lead gas into the treatment device by small bubbles with uniform size, thereby enlarging the flow rate of tail gas treatment and improving the formation efficiency of low-temperature plasma, and further effectively improving the tail gas treatment efficiency of the device.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma tail gas treatment device based on a porous material is characterized by comprising a reaction device main body, a filter (1), a frequency modulation transformer (2), a porous ceramic plate (3), an array type needle-shaped high-voltage electrode (4), a grounding electrode (5) and a gas mixing buffer chamber (7);

the bottom of the reaction device main body is provided with a gas mixing buffer chamber (7), and the gas mixing buffer chamber (7) is connected with a tail gas channel (13) and an air channel (14); the filter (1) is positioned at the front end of the tail gas channel (13);

the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrodes (4) are arranged at the bottom of the reaction device main body and are positioned above the gas mixing buffer chamber (7); the frequency modulation transformer (2) is connected with the array needle-shaped high-voltage electrode (4); the porous ceramic plate (3) is arranged above the array-type needle-shaped high-voltage electrodes (4); the reaction device main body is positioned above the porous ceramic plate (3) and is sequentially provided with a liquid discharge pipeline (9), a liquid injection pipeline (8) and an exhaust pipeline (10) from bottom to top; the grounding electrode (5) is arranged in the reaction device main body and is arranged over the porous ceramic plate (3), and the grounding electrode (5) is positioned between the liquid injection pipeline (8) and the exhaust pipeline (10) in space and is close to the liquid level.

2. The porous material based plasma tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a circulating water cooling device (6); the circulating water cooling device (6) is arranged on the outer surface of the reaction device main body; the circulating water cooling device (6) is provided with a condensed water inlet (11) and a condensed water outlet (12).

3. The porous material based plasma tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the circulating water cooling device (6) is connected with an on-board circulating cooling water device.

4. The porous material based plasma tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the array-type needle-shaped high voltage electrode (4) comprises a plurality of array-type needle-shaped high voltage electrodes, and the top of each needle-shaped high voltage electrode respectively penetrates through the corresponding hole on the porous ceramic plate (3).

5. The porous material based plasma exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the ground electrode (5) is a plate electrode.

6. The porous material based plasma exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the frequency modulation transformer (2) is connected to a vehicle engine.