CN216182116U - Overheating wire pre-tightening device for single polymer composite material product - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device, and belongs to the technical field of polymer composite material forming and processing. The device comprises an outer frame, a fixed end, a fixed guide pillar, a tensioning block, a spring and a tensioning end. When the device is used, the continuous fiber is wound, one end of the continuous fiber is wound and fixed on the fixed end, the other end of the continuous fiber is fixed on the tightening end, the outer frame and the tightening block tighten the wound continuous fiber and apply pre-tightening force to the wound continuous fiber; the overheating characteristic of the polymer is utilized to enable the continuous fiber yarn to form the overheating yarn under the action of pretightening force, and the overheating yarn has a higher melting point. The device is used for preparing the single polymer composite material product with small density, high recycling rate and good interface cohesiveness, can establish a wider processing temperature window than the traditional preparation method, and can obtain the product with the mechanical strength close to the theoretical mechanical strength.

Description

Overheating wire pre-tightening device for single polymer composite material product

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device, and belongs to the technical field of polymer composite material forming and processing.

Background

In recent years, fiber reinforced polymer composite materials are widely applied and rapidly developed, and particularly meet the urgent demand of light weight development of automobiles. With the continuous attention of people on energy conservation and environmental protection, the improvement of the recovery performance of the fiber reinforced polymer composite material becomes a research hotspot of related industry technologies. The traditional fiber reinforced polymer composite material consists of a matrix and a reinforcement, wherein the matrix is usually a polymer, and the reinforcement is glass fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber, silicon carbide fiber and the like. The polymer matrix mainly comprises two types of thermosetting polymer and thermoplastic polymer, and compared with the thermosetting polymer which cannot be softened and repeatedly molded when being heated, the thermoplastic polymer has the advantage of reutilization and has great advantage in the aspect of improving the recycling performance of the fiber reinforced polymer composite material. However, the presence of the reinforcement makes recycling of the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer composite more difficult, especially because the fiber reinforcement, which is a different material from the thermoplastic polymer matrix, cannot be separated. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop easily recyclable thermoplastic polymer composites. The single polymer composite material is a composite material which takes thermoplastic polymer as a matrix and takes the same thermoplastic polymer fiber as a reinforcement. The polypropylene single polymer composite material is a single polymer composite material which takes polypropylene as a matrix and polypropylene fiber as a reinforcement. Because the matrix and the reinforcement are both made of the same thermoplastic polymer, the recycling efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the method has great advantages in the aspects of resource recycling, energy conservation and emission reduction. Secondly, since thermoplastic polymer fibers have a lower density than conventional fiber reinforcements such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and the like, the monopolymer composite material also has a lower density, which can further reduce weight. Moreover, the compatibility of the matrix and the reinforcement from the same thermoplastic polymer is good, so that the excellent interface bonding property can be obtained, and further the mechanical strength, particularly the impact resistance, is good; in addition, the material has unique advantages in low temperature resistance, creep resistance and the like. At present, the thermoplastic polymers of the developed single polymer composite mainly comprise polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polylactic acid, polyether ether ketone and the like, and the single polymer composite products developed abroad are applied to the fields of automobiles, cases, sports, military and the like. China still lacks key technologies and equipment related to preparation of related materials and structural forming.

Because the matrix and the reinforcement of the single polymer composite material are the same thermoplastic polymer and have the same and similar melting temperature (melting point), under the molding technical condition of the traditional fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer composite material, particularly under the condition of high heating temperature, the fiber reinforcement is melted and loses the reinforcing effect. Therefore, the conventional molding technology of thermoplastic fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer composite material cannot realize the preparation of single polymer composite material. Establishing the difference in melting temperature between the matrix and the fibers belonging to the same thermoplastic polymer is a key to the preparation of single polymer composites and articles thereof. The existing forming method of the single polymer composite material is mainly realized based on a hot pressing method and mainly comprises a fiber direct hot pressing method, a film layer hot pressing method and a co-extrusion skin-core fiber winding hot pressing method. The direct hot pressing method of fiber is to lay continuous polymer fiber or fiber cloth in hot pressing mold directly, to melt the surface of polymer fiber at high temperature without melting, to press the surface of the molten polymer fiber to form matrix, to maintain the reinforcing effect of the un-molten polymer fiber as reinforcing body, and to cool and solidify to form the composite single polymer material product. This method is extremely temperature sensitive, the hot pressing temperature is usually in the range of 1 to 2 ℃ around the melting point of the polymer fiber; the control precision requirement on the hot pressing temperature is extremely high, and if the hot pressing temperature is too high, the polymer fibers can be completely melted to cause the final product to lose the reinforcing effect; if the hot pressing temperature is too low, the polymer fiber tows cannot be bonded effectively, and high mechanical strength cannot be achieved. The film hot-pressing method is characterized in that polymer continuous fiber yarns or fiber cloth are used as a reinforcement, a polymer film is used as a substrate, and the polymer continuous fiber yarns or the polymer film is laid in a hot-pressing die in a mode of alternately superposing a fiber tow layer and a film layer; because the polymer fiber is subjected to high-power traction and stretching in the preparation process, the polymer fiber has a higher melting point than the polymer film; the hot pressing temperature is set at the temperature of the melting point of the polymer membrane and the melting point of the polymer fiber, the membrane is melted while the fiber is not melted in the hot pressing process, and then the single polymer composite material product is formed by high-pressure pressing and cooling solidification. The hot-pressing temperature control window of the method is wider than that of a fiber direct hot-pressing method, and the wider hot-pressing temperature window can be formed by utilizing the melting point difference formed by homopolymerization and copolymerization of some polymers, different crystal forms and different molecular weights. But there is also the problem of strength loss due to polymers of different crystalline characteristics. The co-extrusion sheath-core fiber winding hot-pressing method utilizes the characteristic that homopolymerization and copolymerization of polymers can form different melting point differences, respectively extrudes the homopolymerization polymers and the copolymerization polymers through two extruders, then forms fiber filaments or fiber strips of a sheath-core structure through a co-extrusion die, winds the fiber filaments or the fiber strips on a frame, then lays the fiber strips in a hot-pressing die, sets the hot-pressing temperature between the melting point of the copolymerization polymers and the melting point of the homopolymerization polymers, leads the copolymerization polymers to be melted as a matrix, leads the homopolymerization polymers to keep the fiber shape as a reinforcement, and finally carries out high-pressure pressing and cooling solidification to form a single polymer composite material product. The method is mainly limited in the selection range of raw materials, and only polypropylene which is suitable for the current method has the characteristics of copolymerization and homopolymerization. The mechanical strength of the polypropylene copolymer is weaker than that of the polypropylene homopolymer, which weakens the overall theoretical strength of the single polymer composite.

In summary, the molding of the single polymer composite product is mainly realized by a hot press molding method at present, and the technical key is to establish a wide hot press temperature window, that is, to establish the melting temperature difference between the polymer matrix and the reinforcement. The existing hot press molding method of the single polymer composite material is limited by a narrow temperature window on one hand, and on the other hand, the strength of the reinforcement is weakened in the molding process, so that the strength of the final single polymer composite material product has a large difference from the theoretical strength, and the maximum strength exerting the theoretical strength value cannot be obtained. The theoretical strength of the single polymer composite material mainly depends on the volume fraction of the reinforcement, the strength of the matrix and the reinforcement and the orientation of the reinforcement, and the strength of the reinforcement mainly depends on the orientation of macromolecular chains in the polymer micro-morphological structure. The strength of the reinforcement with a certain volume fraction in the hot pressing process can be weakened in the heating and cooling process, and is mainly caused by the weakening of the diffusion movement orientation of macromolecular chains in the reinforcement. Therefore, in order to make the mechanical strength of the single polymer composite product closer to the theoretical strength of the structural composite, the processing temperature window, i.e. the melting temperature difference between the matrix and the reinforcement, needs to be further widened to ensure that the strength of the reinforcement is not weakened or only slightly weakened during the forming process.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve the above technical problem at least to some extent.

The utility model aims to provide a single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device which can realize a wider processing temperature window, namely, establish a larger melting temperature difference between a matrix and a reinforcement, and can be used for continuously producing single polymer composite products with various sizes and shapes, small density, high recycling rate, good interface cohesiveness and higher mechanical strength in batches.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme.

A single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device comprises an outer frame, a fixed end, a fixed guide pillar, a tightening block, a spring and a tightening end, wherein the fixed end is arranged at one end of the outer side of the outer frame;

furthermore, the tightening end comprises a fixed frame and a knob, the fixed frame is provided with a knob mounting hole, the knob is mounted on the mounting hole of the fixed frame, one end of the fixed frame is fixed at one end of the outer side of the outer frame, when the tightening end is used, one end of the wound continuous fiber is fixed at one end of the knob and further wound around the knob along with the rotation of the knob, the knob pulls the continuous fiber through the rotation of the knob, so that a pretightening force is applied to the continuous fiber, the distance between the tightening block and the outer frame is reduced while the knob rotates, the spring is compressed, and the pretightening force is determined by the compressed distance of the spring;

furthermore, the tightening end also comprises a stop ratchet wheel, a pawl and a stop spring, the stop ratchet wheel is connected with the knob and can rotate together with the knob, the pawl is installed on the tightening end and can move on the tightening end, one end of the pawl is embedded into a groove of the ratchet wheel, and the other end of the pawl limits the moving position through the stop spring;

furthermore, the single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device comprises a plurality of fixed guide pillars and a plurality of springs, the number of the fixed ends is 2, the number of the tightening blocks is 2, the number of the tightening ends is 2, the outer frame is rectangular, one tightening block is arranged on the outer side of the wide side of the outer frame in parallel, the other tightening block is arranged on the outer side of the long side of the outer frame in parallel, a fixed guide pillar is arranged between each tightening block and the wide side or the long side of the outer frame, and the fixed guide pillars are sleeved with the springs;

further, the single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device is provided with an automatic winding device for automatically winding the continuous fiber tows on the fiber winding frame; a robotic arm is provided for automated positioning and placement of the filament winding frame.

The molding device for the single polymer composite material product comprises an overheating wire pre-tightening device, a mold closing system and a temperature control system, and is characterized in that: the shape of the die cavity is designed according to the shape of a product, the die comprises a male die and a female die, and the die is arranged on a die assembly system; the temperature control system controls the temperature of the prefabricated diaphragm at the position of the die cavity of the die and the temperature of the die; when the overheating wire pre-tightening device is used, the polymer continuous fiber wire is wound, pre-tightening force is applied to the wound polymer continuous fiber wire, the overheating wire pre-tightening device is placed between a male die and a female die of a die when a product is formed, and the overheating wire pre-tightening device and a prefabricated diaphragm are compounded to form the product under the action of a die assembly system and a temperature control system.

The method for using the overheating wire pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite material product comprises the following steps:

1) preparing polymer continuous fiber yarns through melt spinning;

2) preparing a polymer membrane by using the same polymer raw material;

3) placing the polymer membrane at a mold closing position, and rapidly cooling the polymer membrane to reach a supercooling temperature through a temperature control system;

4) winding the polymer continuous fiber yarn on a hot yarn pre-tightening device, and applying pre-tightening force to the wound polymer continuous fiber yarn in the winding process and/or after winding;

5) placing an overheating wire pre-tightening device wound with polymer continuous fiber wires at a mold closing position;

6) controlling the temperature of the die to be the supercooling temperature through a temperature control system, rapidly closing the die through a die closing system, and performing composite pressing molding on the polymer continuous fiber yarns and the diaphragm;

7) after the pressing time is up, cooling is carried out through a temperature control system, the mold is opened after the cooling time is up, and the product is taken out;

8) removing the excessive material outside the shape of the product to obtain the final product.

Wherein the supercooling temperature is greater than the crystallization temperature of the polymer raw material and is less than the melting point of the pre-tensioned polymer continuous fiber.

Advantageous effects

1. The utility model provides a single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device, which utilizes the matrix and the reinforcement of the single polymer composite material to belong to the same polymer material, and can continuously produce the single polymer composite product with small density, high recycling rate and good interface cohesiveness;

2. the pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite product overheating yarn can adjust the constraint traction ratio of the wound fiber yarn to form pre-tightening force, and can realize overheating of a fiber reinforcement by utilizing the overheating characteristic of a polymer, wherein the fiber of the overheating yarn has a higher melting point; therefore, the processing temperature window of the established single polymer composite material is widened;

3. according to the overheating filament pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite material product, the formed overheating filament polymer fiber reinforcement cannot be melted at the supercooling temperature, the orientation of a high molecular chain in the overheating filament polymer fiber reinforcement cannot be greatly influenced, and the reinforcement structure can be completely maintained, so that the finally formed single polymer composite material product can have or approach the theoretical strength of a structural composite material;

4. the overheating wire pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite product, provided by the utility model, has the advantages of being capable of being used for preparing products with different sizes and shapes, capable of realizing continuous batch production, high in production efficiency, high in automation degree and the like;

5. the utility model provides a single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device which is suitable for winding continuous fibers of various polymer raw materials, comprising polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polylactic acid, polyether ether ketone and the like, wherein the processing technology can be adjusted by measuring the melting points and crystallization temperatures of the polymer raw materials and the fibers; in addition, the winding of the polymer continuous fiber is not limited, and other glass fiber, carbon fiber, natural fiber and metal fiber are suitable;

6. the single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device provided by the utility model has wide application field of the prepared single polymer composite, can replace wood metal alloy and glass fiber composite material, is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, automobiles, communication electronics, building materials, medical instruments, fitness equipment and the like, and can promote the development of new material technology and processing industry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view of embodiment 1 in a state where the continuous filament is tensioned;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of example 1 in use;

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of embodiment 2;

FIG. 7 is a front view of embodiment 3;

in the figure: 1-outer frame, 2-fixed end, 3-fixed guide post, 4-bracing block, 5-spring, 6-tightening end, 7-continuous fiber, 8-diaphragm, 9-mould, 10-mould closing system, 11-temperature control system, 6-1-fixed frame, 6-2-knob, 6-3-stop ratchet, 6-4-pawl, 6-5-stop spring, 9-1-male mould, 9-2-female mould

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device comprises an outer frame (1), a fixed end (2), a fixed guide post (3), a tightening block (4), a spring (5) and a tightening end (6), wherein the fixed end (2) is arranged at one end of the outer side of the outer frame (1), the fixed guide post (3) is arranged on the outer frame (1), the tightening block (4) is arranged at the outer side of the outer frame (1) and can move along the axial direction of the fixed guide post (3), the spring (5) is arranged between the tightening block (4) and the outer frame (1), the tightening end (6) is arranged at one end of the outer side of the outer frame (1), the single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device is wound with a continuous fiber wire (7) when in use, one end of the continuous fiber wire (7) is wound and fixed on the fixed end (2), and the other end of the continuous fiber wire (7) is fixed on the tightening end (6), the outer frame (1) and the tightening block (4) tighten the wound continuous fiber yarn (7) and apply pre-tightening force to the wound continuous fiber yarn (7); furthermore, the tightening end (6) comprises a fixed frame (6-1) and a knob (6-2), the fixed frame (6-1) is provided with a knob (6-2) mounting hole, the knob (6-2) is mounted on the mounting hole of the fixed frame (6-1), one end of the fixed frame (6-1) is fixed at one end of the outer side of the outer frame (1), when in use, one end of the wound continuous fiber filament (7) is fixed at one end of the knob (6-2) and further wound around the knob (6-2) along with the rotation of the knob (6-2), the knob (6-2) pulls the continuous fiber filament (7) through rotation, so that pre-tightening force is applied to the continuous fiber filament (7), and the distance between the tightening block (4) and the outer frame (1) is reduced while the knob (6-2) rotates, the spring (5) is compressed, and the pre-tightening force is determined by the compressed distance of the spring (5); furthermore, the tightening end (6) further comprises a stop ratchet wheel (6-3), a pawl (6-4) and a stop spring (6-5), the stop ratchet wheel (6-3) is connected with the knob (6-2) and can rotate together with the knob (6-2), the pawl (6-4) is installed on the tightening end (6) and can move on the tightening end (6), one end of the pawl (6-4) is embedded into a groove of the stop ratchet wheel (6-3), and the other end of the pawl (6-4) limits the moving position through the stop spring (6-5).

The molding device for the single polymer composite material product comprises an overheating wire pre-tightening device, a mold (9), a mold closing system (10) and a temperature control system (11), wherein the shape of a cavity of the mold (9) is designed according to the shape of the product, the mold (9) comprises a male mold (9-1) and a female mold (9-2), and the mold (9) is arranged on the mold closing system (10); the temperature control system (11) controls the temperature of the prefabricated diaphragm (8) at the cavity position of the mold (9) and the temperature of the mold (9); when the overheating wire pre-tightening device is used, the polymer continuous fiber wire (7) is wound, pre-tightening force is applied to the wound polymer continuous fiber wire (7), the overheating wire pre-tightening device is placed between a male die (9-1) and a female die (9-2) of a die (9) when a product is formed, and the overheating wire pre-tightening device and a prefabricated membrane (8) are compounded to form the product under the action of a die assembly system (10) and a temperature control system (11).

The method for using the over-heating wire pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite material product comprises the following steps:

1) preparing polymer continuous filaments (7) by melt spinning;

2) preparing a polymer membrane (8) by using the same polymer raw material;

3) placing the polymer membrane (8) at a mold closing position, and rapidly cooling the polymer membrane (8) to reach a supercooling temperature through a temperature control system (11);

4) winding the polymer continuous fiber (7) on a pre-tightening device of the overheated yarn, and applying pre-tightening force to the wound polymer continuous fiber (7) in the winding process and/or after winding;

5) placing an overheating wire pre-tightening device wound with a polymer continuous fiber wire (7) at a mold closing position;

6) controlling the temperature of the die to be the supercooling temperature through a temperature control system (11), rapidly closing the die through a die closing system (10), and performing composite compression molding on the polymer continuous fiber filaments (7) and the diaphragm (8);

7) after the pressing time is up, cooling is carried out through a temperature control system (11), the mold is opened after the cooling time is up, and the product is taken out;

8) removing the excessive material outside the shape of the product to obtain the final product.

Wherein the supercooling temperature is greater than the crystallization temperature of the polymer raw material and is less than the melting point of the pre-tensioned polymer continuous fiber.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, a pawl (6-4) of the single polymer composite product overheating wire pre-tightening device adopts a stepped shaft pin mode, a small-diameter shaft is sleeved with a stopping spring (6-5), and the stopping spring is installed in a small guide hole.

Example 3

The utility model provides a single polymer composite product overheated silk preloading device, on the basis of embodiment 1, single polymer composite product overheated silk preloading device includes 4 fixed guide pillars (3), 4 spring (5), fixed end (2) number is 2, props tight piece (4) number and is 2, tightens up end (6) number and is 2, frame (1) is the rectangle, and one of them props tight piece (4) parallel and establishes in the outside of the broadside of frame (1), and another props tight piece (4) parallel and establishes in the outside of the long limit of frame (1), every prop tight piece (4) with be equipped with fixed guide pillar (3) between the broadside or the long limit of frame (1), the cover is equipped with spring (5) on fixed guide pillar (3).

The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and any equivalent substitutions or partial modifications made under the spirit and principle of the present invention should be considered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a single polymer composite goods crosses hot silk preloading device, includes frame, fixed end, fixed guide pillar, props tight piece, spring, tightens up the end, fixed end sets up in frame outside one end, fixed guide pillar sets up on the frame, prop tight piece setting and be in the frame outside, the spring setting is propping between tight piece and the frame, tightens up the end setting in frame outside one end, and continuous fibers one end winding is fixed on the fixed end, and the other one end of continuous fibers is fixed on tightening up the end, and the frame props tight the winding continuous fibers with propping tight piece.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the tightening end comprises a fixing frame and a knob, a knob mounting hole is formed in the fixing frame, the knob is mounted on the mounting hole of the fixing frame, one end of the fixing frame is fixed to one end of the outer side of the outer frame, and one end of the wound continuous fiber is fixed to one end of the knob.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the tightening end also comprises a stop ratchet wheel, a pawl and a stop spring, the stop ratchet wheel is connected with the knob and rotates together with the knob, the pawl is installed on the tightening end and moves on the tightening end, one end of the pawl is embedded into a groove of the ratchet wheel, and the other end of the pawl limits the moving position through the stop spring.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises: the overheating wire pre-tightening device for the single polymer composite product comprises a plurality of fixed guide pillars and a plurality of springs, the number of the fixed ends is 2, the number of the tightening blocks is 2, the number of the tightening ends is 2, the outer frame is rectangular, one tightening block is arranged on the outer side of the wide edge of the outer frame in parallel, the other tightening block is arranged on the outer side of the long edge of the outer frame in parallel, each tightening block is provided with a fixed guide pillar between the wide edge or the long edge of the outer frame, and the springs are sleeved on the fixed guide pillars.

5. The monopolymer composite article superheat wire pretensioning device of any of claims 1-4 wherein: an automatic winding device is provided for automatically winding the continuous fiber tows onto the fiber winding frame.

6. The monopolymer composite article superheat wire pretensioning device of any of claims 1-4 wherein: a robotic arm is provided for automated positioning and placement of the filament winding frame.

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