CN216167594U

CN216167594U - Retractor

Info

Publication number: CN216167594U
Application number: CN202122319080.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周非非; 李泰昌; 甄超; 张勋; 董亚龙; 董骧
Original assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Current assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2021-09-24
Publication date: 2022-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a retractor, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a first spreading arm and a second spreading arm, wherein the middle parts of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are hinged, the front end of the first spreading arm is connected with a first spreading rod, the front end of the second spreading arm is vertically connected with a second spreading rod, the first spreading rod and the second spreading rod are arranged oppositely, the tail ends of the first spreading rod and the second spreading rod are respectively provided with a first spreading head and a second spreading head, and one spreading arm of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is provided with a spreading head depth adjustable structure and a spreading head eversion angle adjustable structure. The retractor has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, adjustable surgical field range, capability of improving the surgical field and wide application.

Description

Retractor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a retractor.

Background

The spine is essential in human physiology for mobility, support and balance. In the treatment of human spinal disorders, vertebral body damage is often caused by spinal tumors, tuberculosis, and severe fractures. At the moment, the spine needs to be operated, and in order to ensure accurate operation, an operation incision is often required to be spread, so that the operation visual field is fully exposed.

The existing retracting tool for distracting the posterior muscles of the spine such as cervical vertebra can only perform simple retracting operation generally, has single function and unadjustable surgical field range, has a lot of inconveniences in the operation, causes inconvenient operation in the operation of doctors, and affects the safety of the operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a retractor with adjustable surgical field range and convenient and fast surgical operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a retractor, includes that middle part articulated first struts the arm and the second struts the arm, the front end of first arm that struts is connected with first opening rod, the front end of second strut the arm is connected with the second perpendicularly and struts the pole, first opening rod and second strut the pole and set up relatively, the end of first opening rod and second strut the pole is equipped with first opening head and second respectively and struts the head, first opening arm and second strut one of them opening arm and be equipped with on the arm and strut first opening head degree of depth adjustable structure and strut first angle adjustable structure that turns up.

Further, the front end of the first opening arm is bent downwards to form the first opening rod;

and/or the second distraction arm is provided with a distraction head depth adjustable structure and a distraction head eversion angle adjustable structure.

Furthermore, the front end of the second opening arm is provided with a vertical through hole, the second opening rod is slidably inserted into the vertical through hole, the opening depth adjustable structure comprises a lifting head and a first locking device, the upper end of the second opening rod is fixedly arranged on the opening depth adjustable structure, the lifting head exceeds the vertical through hole, the opening depth adjustable structure is adjusted, and the opening depth is opened and then the first locking device can be locked on the second opening rod.

Furthermore, a plurality of spherical grooves arranged along the length direction of the second spreading rod are arranged on the front side and/or the rear side of the second spreading rod, a longitudinal mounting hole extending along the length direction of the second spreading arm and communicated with the vertical through hole is arranged in the vertical through hole, and the first locking device comprises a steel ball and a spring, wherein the steel ball is arranged in the longitudinal mounting hole and matched with the spherical grooves, and the spring pushes the steel ball;

and/or the second opening rod comprises an upper lifting rod positioned on the upper part and a lower lifting rod positioned on the lower part, the lower end of the upper lifting rod is hinged at the upper end of the lower lifting rod, and the hinged shaft of the upper lifting rod and the lower lifting rod is vertical to the length direction of the second opening arm.

Furthermore, the second opening arm comprises an opening arm body and an extension rod located at the front end of the opening arm body, the opening head turning-out angle adjustable structure comprises a base fixedly arranged at the front end of the opening arm body, a longitudinal insertion hole extending along the length direction of the second opening arm is formed in the base, the rear end of the extension rod is rotatably inserted into the longitudinal insertion hole, and the opening head turning-out angle adjustable structure further comprises a driving device arranged on the base and capable of driving the extension rod to rotate in the longitudinal insertion hole.

Furthermore, the side of the extension rod is provided with a wing, and the driving device is a driving rod which is positioned on the base and can drive the wing to move up and down.

Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in the base, the driving rod is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, a U-shaped opening is formed in the wing piece, a dumbbell-shaped rotary connector is connected in the U-shaped opening in a clamping mode, and the lower end of the driving rod is connected with the rotary connector;

and/or the upper end of the driving rod is provided with a knob.

Further, the first spreading head and the second spreading head are spreading blades;

and/or the first spreading head and the second spreading head are both outwards bent arcs;

and/or the lower ends of the first supporting head and the second supporting head are provided with smooth convex teeth.

Furthermore, the hinge point of the first spreading arm and the part between the first spreading arm and the connecting point of the first spreading rod are arc-shaped, the hinge point of the second spreading arm and the part between the second spreading arm and the connecting point of the second spreading rod are also arc-shaped, and when the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are closed, an annular opening is formed between the arc-shaped parts of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm;

and/or a second locking device for locking the opening scale of the opening arm is arranged at the rear part of the first opening arm and the second opening arm.

Furthermore, one of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is provided with a transverse slot, and the second locking device comprises a transverse latch hinged to the other spreading arm and arranged in the transverse slot in a penetrating manner, wherein the transverse latch is engaged with the inner side wall of the transverse slot, and an elastic sheet for pushing the transverse caliper.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the retractor comprises a first spreading arm and a second spreading arm, wherein the middle parts of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are hinged, the front ends of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are respectively connected with a first spreading rod and a second spreading rod which are oppositely arranged, the tail ends of the first spreading rod and the second spreading rod are respectively provided with a first spreading head and a second spreading head, one of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is provided with a spreading head depth adjustable structure and a spreading head eversion angle adjustable structure, the depth and the eversion angle of the spreading heads can be conveniently adjusted, and further the operation visual field can be adjusted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction of a retractor according to the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the retractor of the present invention;

figure 3 is a top view of a retractor of the utility model.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention provides a retractor, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprising a first spreading arm 1 and a second spreading arm 2, which are hinged in the middle (in particular, can be hinged by means of a hinge axis 10), wherein:

the front end of the first opening arm 1 is connected with a first opening rod 11, the front end of the second opening arm 2 is vertically connected with a second opening rod 21, and the first opening rod 11 and the second opening rod 21 are arranged oppositely;

the tail ends of the first opening rod 11 and the second opening rod 21 are respectively provided with a first opening head 12 and a second opening head 22, and one of the first opening arm 1 and the second opening arm 2 is provided with an opening head depth adjustable structure 3 and an opening head eversion angle adjustable structure 4.

When the device is used in an operation, the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 2 are arranged on the surface of skin in parallel, the first spreading rod 11 and the second spreading rod 21 are vertically arranged at a skin incision of a human body, the first spreading head 12 and the second spreading head 22 are inserted into the skin incision of the human body, and at the moment, the first spreading head 12 and the second spreading head 22 can spread the skin incision by driving the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 2; when the operation visual field needs to be adjusted in the operation, the adjustable structure 3 for the depth of the supporting head and the adjustable structure 4 for the outward-turning angle of the supporting head are driven to adjust the depth and the outward-turning angle of the supporting head, so that the operation visual field is adjusted.

The retractor comprises a first spreading arm and a second spreading arm, wherein the middle parts of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are hinged, the front ends of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are respectively connected with a first spreading rod and a second spreading rod which are oppositely arranged, the tail ends of the first spreading rod and the second spreading rod are respectively provided with a first spreading head and a second spreading head, one of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is provided with a spreading head depth adjustable structure and a spreading head eversion angle adjustable structure, the depth and the eversion angle of the spreading heads can be conveniently adjusted, and further the operation visual field can be adjusted. The utility model is suitable for various operations, in particular for posterior cervical vertebra operations.

To facilitate the formation of the first spreader bar 11, the front end of the first spreader arm 1 is preferably bent downward to form the first spreader bar 11. The structure 3 with adjustable opening head depth and the structure 4 with adjustable opening head eversion angle can be positioned on the first opening arm 1 and the second opening arm 2. The utility model preferably adopts the structure that the second spreading arm 2 is provided with a spreading head depth adjustable structure 3 and a spreading head eversion angle adjustable structure 4.

In the present invention, the adjustable structure 3 for the depth of the spreading head preferably adopts the following structural form:

as shown in fig. 2-3, the front end of the second spreading arm 2 is provided with a vertical through hole 23, the second spreading rod 21 is slidably inserted into the vertical through hole 23, and the spreading head depth adjustable structure 3 includes a pulling head 31 fixedly disposed at the upper end of the second spreading rod 21 and extending beyond the vertical through hole 23, and a first locking device 32 capable of locking the second spreading rod 21 after adjusting the depth of the spreading head (i.e., the second spreading head 22).

When the locking device is used, the second spreading rod 21 can move up and down in the vertical through hole 23 by driving the lifting head 31, so that the depth of the second spreading head 22 is adjusted, and after the second spreading head 22 is adjusted to a proper depth, the second spreading rod 21 is locked by the first locking device 32, so that the depth of the second spreading head 22 is locked. For convenient disassembly, the pulling head 31 may be provided with a threaded hole 311, and the upper end of the second spreader lever 21 is screwed into the threaded hole 311.

To achieve quick locking and unlocking, the first locking device 32 preferably takes the following form:

the front side and/or the rear side of the second spreading rod 21 are/is provided with a plurality of spherical grooves 211 arranged along the length direction of the second spreading rod 21, the vertical through hole 23 is internally provided with a longitudinal mounting hole 231 extending along the length direction of the second spreading arm 2 and communicated with the vertical through hole 23, and the first locking device 32 comprises a steel ball 321 arranged in the longitudinal mounting hole 231 and matched with the spherical grooves 211 and a spring 322 for pushing the steel ball 321.

When the locking device is used, the lifting head 31 is driven by a certain force to enable the second opening rod 21 to move up and down in the vertical through hole 23, the steel ball 321 slides into the other spherical groove 211 from one spherical groove 211 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 322, and after the second opening head 22 is adjusted to a proper depth, the steel ball 321 is matched with the spherical groove 211 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 322, so that the second opening rod 21 is locked, and further the depth of the second opening head 22 is locked.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2-3, the second spreading rod 21 is provided with spherical grooves 211 on both the front and rear sides thereof, a pair of longitudinal mounting holes 231 is provided in the vertical through hole 23, and the first locking means 32 comprises a pair of steel balls 321 and a pair of springs 322, so that the second spreading rod 21 can be locked more firmly on both sides of the second spreading rod 21 in the front-rear direction.

It will be appreciated that the distractor head depth adjustable structure 3 and the first locking means 32 may take other forms than those described above, such as a screw lock, a side screw lock, etc., which are readily accessible to a person skilled in the art.

Preferably, the second spreading rod 21 includes an upper lifting rod 212 located at the upper portion and a lower lifting rod 213 located at the lower portion, the lower end of the upper lifting rod 212 is hinged to the upper end of the lower lifting rod 213, the hinge axis (specifically, the hinge axis can be hinged by a lifting shaft 214) of the upper lifting rod 212 and the lower lifting rod 213 is perpendicular to the length direction of the second spreading arm 2, at this time, after the second spreading head 22 is adjusted to a proper depth, the too long portion of the second spreading rod 21 can be bent and laid flat by the lifting shaft 214 (i.e., the upper lifting rod 212 can be bent backwards and laid on the second spreading arm 2), so as to avoid affecting the operation space.

In the present invention, the structure 4 for adjusting the everting angle of the distraction head can adopt various structural forms which are easily thought by those skilled in the art, and preferably adopts the following structural forms:

the second struts arm 2 including strut arm body 24 and be located the extension rod 25 who struts arm body 24 front end, the first angle adjustable structure of turning up 4 of strutting is including setting firmly the base 41 at the arm body 24 front end that struts, be equipped with on the base 41 along the second and strut vertical spliced eye 411 that arm 2 length direction extended, the rotatable inserting of rear end of extension rod 25 is established in vertical spliced eye 411, the first angle adjustable structure of turning up 4 of strutting is still including setting up on base 41 and can drive the drive arrangement of extension rod 25 at vertical spliced eye 411 internal rotation.

In use, the extension rod 25 is driven by the driving device to rotate in the longitudinal insertion hole 411, so as to adjust the eversion angle of the second support head 22.

To facilitate the rotation of the extension rod 25, the driving means may take various forms as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is preferably: the extension rod 25 is provided with a wing 251 on its side surface, and the driving means is a driving rod 42 which is provided on the base 41 and can drive the wing 251 to move up and down (swing).

In order to facilitate the up-and-down movement of the driving wing 251, a threaded hole 412 may be formed in the base 41, the driving rod 42 is threadedly coupled in the threaded hole 412, a U-shaped opening 2511 is formed in the wing 251, a dumbbell-shaped rotary connector 43 is snap-fitted in the U-shaped opening 2511, and the lower end of the driving rod 42 is connected to the rotary connector 43. At this time, the driving rod 42 is rotated, the driving rod 42 drives the rotating connection head 43 to move up and down, the rotating connection head 43 drives the wing 251 to move up and down, so that the extension rod 25 rotates in the longitudinal insertion hole 411, thereby adjusting the outward turning angle of the second spreader head 22. To facilitate rotation of the driving lever 42, the driving lever 42 may be provided at an upper end thereof with a knob 421. To facilitate the driving connection of the rotary connector 43, the lower end of the driving rod 42 may be provided with a screw section 422, and the rotary connector 43 may be provided with a threaded hole 431 matching with the screw section 422.

In order to make the whole structure compact, when the structure 3 with adjustable depth of the spreading head and the structure 4 with adjustable eversion angle of the spreading head exist at the same time, the structure 3 with adjustable depth of the spreading head can be directly arranged on the extension rod 25, that is, the vertical through hole 23 in the embodiment shown in the figure is arranged at the front end of the extension rod 25.

The inventor finds that the traditional draw hook for opening the front end of the arm has the risk of slipping off in the research process, and the safety of the operation is influenced. To solve this problem, the first spreader portion 12 and the second spreader portion 22 are preferably spreader blades, which have a larger contact area than the retractor and are easily spread and fixed. The first and second spreading

heads

12 and 22 are preferably curved outwardly to secure the spreading and prevent the sliding. Smooth

convex teeth

121 and 221 can be arranged at the lower ends of the first spreading head 12 and the second spreading head 22, so that the spreading and fixing are firmer and the slipping is less prone to happen.

As shown in fig. 3, the hinge point of the first spreading arm 1 and the connection point between the first spreading arm 1 and the first spreading rod 11 are preferably arc-shaped, the hinge point of the second spreading arm 2 and the connection point between the second spreading arm 2 and the second spreading rod 21 are also preferably arc-shaped, when the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 2 are closed, an annular opening is formed between the arc-shaped parts of the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 2, and the existence of the annular opening can enable the operation incision to have a larger operation space, thereby facilitating the operation development.

To facilitate locking the opening dimensions of the first and

second distraction arms

1 and 2, the rear portions of the first and

second distraction arms

1 and 2 may be provided with second locking means 26 for locking the opening dimensions of the distraction arms.

The second locking means 26 may take various forms of construction as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the present invention preferably takes the following form:

as shown in fig. 1-2, one of the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 2 is provided with a transverse slot 13, and the locking device 26 includes a transverse latch 261 hinged to the other spreading arm and inserted into the transverse slot 13 to engage with an inner side wall of the transverse slot 13, and an elastic sheet 262 for pushing the transverse caliper 261. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the first distraction arm 1 is provided with a transverse slot 13, and the second distraction arm 2 is provided with a transverse latch 261 and a spring plate 262. The spring 262 may be fixed to the second distracting arm 2 using a fixing pin 263. The transverse latch 261 can be hinged to the second spreader arm 2 using a fixing peg 264.

When the telescopic opening device is used, the transverse latch 261 is shifted to enable the transverse latch 261 to be separated from the inner side wall of the transverse groove 13, the opening sizes of the first opening arm 1 and the second opening arm 2 can be adjusted at the moment, after the transverse latch 261 is adjusted to a proper size, the transverse latch 261 is loosened, the transverse latch 261 is meshed with the inner side wall of the transverse groove 13 again under the elastic action of the elastic sheet 262, and the opening sizes of the first opening arm 1 and the second opening arm 2 are locked again.

In conclusion, the retractor has the advantages that the surgical field range is adjustable, the convenience of operation is improved, the retractor can be widely used, the opening head is opened by the blades, the second opening arm can swing left and right by 0-40 degrees, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the operation visual field and the operation convenience can be greatly improved.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a retractor, its characterized in that props the arm including middle part articulated first arm and the second of strutting, the front end of first arm that struts is connected with first pole that struts, the front end of second arm that struts is connected with the second perpendicularly and struts the pole, first pole and the second pole that struts set up relatively, the end of first pole and the second pole that struts is equipped with first opening head and second respectively props the head, first arm and second of strutting is equipped with on one of them arm that struts of arm and struts first degree of depth adjustable structure and struts first angle adjustable structure that turns up.

2. The retractor of claim 1, wherein the front end of the first spreader arm is bent downward to form the first spreader lever;

3. The retractor according to claim 2, wherein a vertical through hole is formed in a front end of the second distraction arm, the second distraction rod is slidably inserted into the vertical through hole, and the distraction head depth adjustable structure comprises a pulling head fixedly arranged at an upper end of the second distraction rod and extending beyond the vertical through hole, and a first locking device capable of locking the second distraction rod after adjusting the distraction head depth.

4. The retractor according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of spherical grooves are arranged on the front side and/or the rear side of the second spreading rod along the length direction of the second spreading rod, a longitudinal mounting hole extending along the length direction of the second spreading arm and communicated with the vertical through hole is arranged in the vertical through hole, and the first locking device comprises a steel ball arranged in the longitudinal mounting hole and matched with the spherical groove and a spring for pushing the steel ball;

5. The retractor according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the second spreading arm comprises a spreading arm body and an extension rod located at the front end of the spreading arm body, the structure for adjusting the everting angle of the spreading head comprises a base fixedly arranged at the front end of the spreading arm body, the base is provided with a longitudinal insertion hole extending along the length direction of the second spreading arm, the rear end of the extension rod is rotatably inserted into the longitudinal insertion hole, and the structure for adjusting the everting angle of the spreading head further comprises a driving device arranged on the base and capable of driving the extension rod to rotate in the longitudinal insertion hole.

6. The retractor of claim 5, wherein said extension rod is flanked by wings, and said drive means is a drive rod on said base capable of driving said wings up and down.

7. The retractor according to claim 6, wherein a threaded hole is formed in the base, the driving rod is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, a U-shaped opening is formed in the wing, a dumbbell-shaped rotary connector is clamped in the U-shaped opening, and the lower end of the driving rod is connected with the rotary connector;

and/or the upper end of the driving rod is provided with a knob.

8. The retractor of claim 1, wherein the first distraction head and the second distraction head are both distraction blades;

9. The retractor of claim 1, wherein the portion of the hinge point of the first spreader arm and between the first spreader arm and the first spreader bar attachment point is arcuate, the portion of the hinge point of the second spreader arm and between the second spreader arm and the second spreader bar attachment point is arcuate, and an annular opening is formed between the arcuate portions of the first spreader arm and the second spreader arm when the arms are closed;

10. The retractor according to claim 9, wherein one of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is provided with a transverse slot, and the second locking device comprises a transverse latch hinged to the other spreading arm and arranged in the transverse slot in a penetrating manner to be capable of engaging with an inner side wall of the transverse slot, and a spring plate for pushing the transverse latch.