CN216160287U

CN216160287U - Paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment

Info

Publication number: CN216160287U
Application number: CN202020798229.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛龙; 黄博翰; 曾剑辉; 孙正; 黎静; 刘木华
Original assignee: Jiangxi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Jiangxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-05-14
Filing date: 2020-05-14
Publication date: 2022-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment, which comprises a vertical active load loading part, a torque loading and measuring element group part, a control cabinet, a machine vision system, a rod piece, a replaceable contact probe part and a supporting frame, wherein the vertical active load loading part is connected with the control cabinet through a connecting rod; the utility model can carry out the related measurement of various mechanical parameters of paddy field soil and can give out a test result in real time; the device has the characteristics of high integration level, simple structure, easy storage and suitability for field rapid in-place detection.

Description

Paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to test equipment, in particular to paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment.

Background

The development speed of agricultural mechanization in China is faster and faster, and the requirement on novel agricultural machinery is higher and higher.

The wheels and the power system are important components of the agricultural machine, and directly influence the running and the working performance of the agricultural machine in the field operation, so that the wheels suitable for farmland running are designed, the hanging traction and the driving efficiency of the agricultural machine in the field operation running are improved, the wheel skid is reduced, the rolling resistance is reduced, and the like.

In addition, in the cultivation stage of rice, the paddy field soil has the characteristics of softness, strong fluidity and the like, so that the bearing capacity is poor. In order to improve the working efficiency and safety of agricultural machinery in paddy field soil, especially in lake areas, the use of large-scale high-horsepower agricultural machinery is a common phenomenon, which further causes the mud feet of paddy fields to sink deeper and deeper in the next year, so that the mechanical operation adaptability of paddy fields is seriously damaged due to the reciprocating operation, and the agricultural machinery sinks and cannot normally operate; therefore, the mechanical characteristics of the paddy field soil in the region are mastered, and the wheel suitable for the paddy field soil is designed according to the mechanical characteristics, so that the wheel is one of effective ways for relieving the soil mud feet from deepening year by year.

Understanding the mechanical properties of paddy field soil is a necessary prerequisite for designing wheels suitable for field walking. The mechanical characteristics related to paddy field soil mainly comprise bearing capacity, cone index, shearing capacity, rheological property and the like. However, in practical application of paddy field soil in-place detection, the measurement process is complicated, time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that an integrated, simple and multifunctional test device is needed for measuring the mechanical parameters of the paddy field soil.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an integrated, simple and multifunctional paddy field soil mechanical parameter measuring device which can test and store a plurality of mechanical parameters of paddy field soil.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions.

A paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring device comprises a supporting frame, a vertical load loading part, a torque loading and measuring element part, a rod piece, a replaceable contact probe part, a machine vision system and a control cabinet.

The vertical load loading part comprises an electric push rod, an electromagnet, a loading part upper fixing plate, a loading part lower fixing plate, a steel pipe with internal threads and a plurality of bolts.

The supporting frame comprises a tripod-shaped structure which is adopted by instrument supporting and consists of an upper supporting frame fixing plate, a lower supporting frame fixing plate, a hinge, a vertical supporting rod and an inclined supporting rod, and further comprises a lead screw jack which is fixedly connected with the tail end of the inclined supporting rod through a supporting leg fixing plate and a supporting leg flange, and three polished rods which are fixedly arranged in the frame structure and are vertically and horizontally arranged; because paddy field soil is soft and easy to flow, therefore sinking easily appears on the surface of the paddy field soil, thereby enabling the measuring equipment not to be horizontal, adjusting the extension length of three screw jacks by shaking a hand crank, adjusting the levelness of a probe and the paddy field soil plane and the distance between the probe and the paddy field soil surface, reducing the no-load stroke of the probe, and serving as a main frame of an instrument, all parts are connected to the frame.

The torque loading and measuring element part comprises a stepping motor, a planetary gear box, an S-shaped pull-press sensor, a torque sensor, a rotary increment encoder and an infrared distance measuring sensor; the steel torque loading upper fixing plate, the aluminum torque loading middle fixing plate, the aluminum torque loading lower fixing plate and the torque sensor upper connecting flange are used for fixedly connecting the devices, wherein the steel torque loading upper fixing plate can be connected with the electromagnet through magnetic force, and the torque loading and measuring element part can be pushed by the vertical load loading part on the polished rod.

The machine vision system comprises a visible light camera, an infrared hyperspectral camera, an infrared generator and an integrated circuit board, and is fixed at the bottom of the control cabinet.

The rod piece and the replaceable contact probe comprise a lower connecting flange of the torque sensor, a polished rod with external threads at two ends, a fixed check ring for loading static load of a weight, a probe connecting flange at the tail end of a threaded connecting rod and a probe fixed at the lower part of the probe connecting flange and used for contacting with paddy soil, wherein the probe comprises pressing plates and shear blocks (the shear blocks are only shown in the attached drawing) with different sizes, and test data are acquired through interaction of the probe and the paddy soil.

The control cabinet is connected with the computer end for a user to operate the instrument.

The vertical load loading part takes the electric push rod as a center, fixes the loading part and a lower fixing plate of the loading part in an up-down parallel manner, plates are fixed by three steel pipes with internal threads and threaded steel pipe connecting bolts, and the vertical load loading part and the supporting frame are fixed together by using a load and bracket fixing bolt by taking the upper surface of the supporting frame as a reference surface so as to achieve the effect of fixing the electric push rod; the tail end of the electric push rod is connected with an electromagnet; meanwhile, the vertical load loading part can be simply detached from the supporting frame, so that the aims of reducing the overall height of the whole instrument and facilitating transportation are fulfilled.

All parts of the paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment in contact with water, mud and paddy field soil are made of aluminum, and steel and iron materials are also subjected to electroplating and paint spraying treatment, so that the purpose of prolonging the service life is achieved.

Preferably, the S-shaped tension and compression sensor in the torque loading and measuring element part is directly used as a connecting piece of the upper part and the lower part, and the linear bearing ensures that the pressure can be completely acted on the sensor, and simultaneously, the torque is acted on the S-shaped tension and compression sensor as little as possible, so that the accuracy of data is ensured.

Preferably, the torque loading and measuring element part is restrained by the light rod group in the supporting frame, and after the whole machine body is parallel to the surface of the paddy soil, the torque loading part can move linearly along a track formed by the light rods, so that the probe can be ensured to be pressed linearly to the surface of the paddy soil.

Preferably, the probe can be dismantled swiftly, ensures the convenience of taking one's place to detect, and the experimenter of being convenient for changes the probe according to the experiment demand fast.

Preferably, the electromagnet is connected with the torque loading and measuring element part after being electrified, so that the torque loading and measuring element part and the vertical load loading part form a whole, the whole torque loading and measuring element part, the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe part are pushed under the action of the pushing force of the electric push rod, the pressure value of the pressure sensor and the displacement value of the displacement sensor are recorded by pressing the whole torque loading and measuring element part, the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe part to the surface of the paddy soil along the direction perpendicular to the polished rod slide rail, and the paddy soil pressure plate test and the paddy soil cone index test are completed.

Preferably, the torque loading part drives the shearing probe to perform semicircular shearing motion on paddy soil under the driving of the stepping motor, the torque sensor records the torque applied to the rotary shearing probe, the mass of a weight placed on the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe part is recorded, and the rotary incremental encoder records the shearing displacement of the rotary shearing head, so that the shearing test of the paddy soil is realized.

Preferably, the torque loading part and the replaceable contact probe part which are arranged on the rod piece and pressed against the surface of the paddy soil as a whole are used for recording the mass of the weight, the time from the beginning of the contact of the probe with the surface of the paddy soil to the certain contact time is recorded through the infrared distance measuring sensor, and the sinking data of the probe in the time is recorded, so that the rheological test of the paddy soil is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an apparatus of a paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a vertical load loading section.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of a support frame.

Fig. 4 is an isometric exploded view of a torque loading and measuring element set portion.

Figure 5 is an isometric exploded view of a rod and replaceable contact probe portion.

Fig. 6 is an isometric exploded view of a machine vision system.

Fig. 7 is an oblique view of the control cabinet.

Description of reference numerals: 1 a vertical load loading part; 2 load and bracket fixing bolts; 3 supporting the frame; 4, a control cabinet; 5 a machine vision system; 6 the rod and the replaceable contact probe part; 7, connecting a rod piece with a bolt; 8, connecting rod connecting nut; 9 torque loading and measuring element part; 10, a bolt; 11 loading part upper fixing plate; 12, an electric push rod; 13 steel pipe with internal thread; 14 loading part lower fixing plate; 15 an electromagnet; 16 screw steel tube connecting bolt; 17 supporting the upper fixing plate of the frame; 18 a hinge; 19 an inclined support rod; 20 vertical support bars; 21 a hand crank; 22 screw jack; 23 supporting the leg flange; 24 supporting the foot fixing plate; 25 a polish rod; 26 a polished rod base; 27 polished rod base fixing bolt; 28 supporting the lower frame fixing plate; 29 supporting the foot fixing plate bolt; 30 support frame flange bolts; 31 torque loading upper dead plate bolts; 32 linear bearings; 33 torque loading upper fixed plate; 34 torque loading upper dead plate nut; 35 fixing the screw rod; 36 infrared distance measuring sensor fixing plates; 37 infrared ranging sensor; 38 a sensor fixing bolt; a 39 bond; 40 sensor plate fixing bolts; 41 torque loading lower fixed plate; 42 a torque sensor; 43 torque sensor securing nuts; 44 torque sensor fixing bolts; 45, connecting a flange on the torque sensor; 46 limiting the supporting rod; 47 planetary reduction gears; 48 a positioning nut; 49 step motors; a 50-rotation incremental encoder; 51 connecting bolts; 52 torque loading middle fixed plate; 53 limit supporting rod fixing bolts; 54S type pull-press sensor; 55, connecting a torque sensor with a flange; 56 two ends of the polished rod with external threads; 57 fixing a retainer ring; 58 the probe is connected with a flange nut; 59 a probe connecting flange; 60, a probe; 61 probe fixing bolt; 62 a system cover plate; 63 a visible light camera; 64 a system housing; 65 an infrared generator; 66 an integrated circuit board; 67 infrared hyperspectral camera.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model aims to design paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment which is convenient to test and can carry out data acquisition and regression calculation on a plurality of ground mechanics model parameters of paddy field soil.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a paddy field soil mechanical parameter measuring device, during the test, data acquisition and regression of different mechanical models can be performed on the paddy field soil, and different ground mechanical models of the paddy field soil are established, so as to provide necessary theoretical basis for design of a power system and a wheel train of an agricultural implement.

The equipment of the paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring equipment comprises a vertical load loading part 1, a supporting frame 3, a torque loading and measuring element group part 9, a rod and replaceable contact probe part 6, a machine vision system 5 and a control cabinet 4.

The vertical load loading part 1 comprises a bolt 10, an upper aluminum alloy loading part fixing plate 11, a lower loading part fixing plate 14, an electric push rod 12, a steel pipe 13 with internal threads, an electromagnet 15 and a plurality of threaded steel pipe connecting bolts 16 used for connecting the parts.

The vertical load loading part is fixed on the support frame through a load and support fixing bolt 2.

The main body of the supporting frame 3 is a tripod-shaped structure; a supporting frame upper fixing plate 17 above the tripod and a supporting frame lower fixing plate 28 below the tripod, wherein a polished rod group consisting of three polished rods 25 is fixed between the two plates in a vertical horizontal plane so that the torque loading and measuring element part 9 can complete downward movement under the pushing of the vertical load loading part 1; three lead screw jacks 22 are connected to the tail ends of the inclined support rods 19 of the support frame through support leg flanges 23 and support leg fixing plates, a level meter can be placed on the aluminum alloy fixing plate, and the hand crank 21 is shaken to adjust the angle of the instrument, so that the instrument is ensured to be tested at a proper angle.

The torque loading and measuring element group part 9 comprises a linear bearing 32, a torque loading upper fixing plate 33, an infrared distance measuring sensor fixing plate 36, an infrared distance measuring sensor 37, a key 39, a torque loading lower fixing plate 41, a torque sensor 42, a connecting flange 245, a limiting aluminum profile 46, a planetary reducer 47, a stepping motor 49, a torque loading middle fixing plate 52, an S-shaped tension and compression sensor 54, and a plurality of bolts, nuts and screws which are used for connecting and fixing and are shown in the figure.

The rod and replaceable contact probe portion 6 includes a torque sensor connection lower flange 55, a polished rod 56 with external threads at both ends, a fixed retainer 57, a probe connection flange 59, a probe 60, and a plurality of probe fixing bolts 61 (shown as a probe used in a shear test).

The machine vision system 5 comprises a system cover plate 62, a visible light camera 63, a system shell 64, an integrated circuit board 66, an infrared generator 65 and an infrared hyperspectral camera 67.

The rod and the replaceable contact probe part are connected together by a rod connection bolt 7 and a connecting rod connection nut 8.

Further, the electromagnet 15 is connected with a torque loading and measuring element group part 3, so that the torque loading and measuring element group part and the vertical load loading part 1 form a whole, under the action of the pushing force of the electric push rod 12, the whole torque loading and measuring element group part 9, the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe part 6 are pushed to vertically press the surface of paddy soil along the polish rod 25, the pressure value of the S-shaped tension and compression sensor 54 and the displacement value of the infrared distance measuring sensor 37 are recorded, and the paddy soil pressure plate test and the paddy soil cone index test are completed; the torque loading and measuring element part 9 drives the probe 60 to perform semicircular shearing motion on paddy soil under the driving of the stepping motor 50, records the torque through the torque sensor 42, records the torque applied to the probe 60, records the mass of a weight on the fixed check ring 56, and records the shearing rotation angle of the probe 60 through the rotary increment encoder 49, so as to realize the shearing test of the paddy soil; the torque loading and measuring element group part 3 is connected with the magnetic force action of the electromagnet 15 through a torque loading upper fixing plate 33 at the top so as to move up and down in the supporting frame 3 under the action of the thrust of the electric push rod 12 to complete a ground mechanics pressing plate test; also, the torque loading and measuring element group part 9 freely descends along the polished rod 25 under the action of the dead weight and the static load loaded on the fixed check ring 57 under the condition that the electromagnet 15 is powered off, and the ground mechanical rheological property test is completed.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims

1. A paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring device is characterized in that the device integrally comprises a supporting frame, a vertical active load loading part, a torque loading and measuring element part, a control cabinet, a machine vision system, a rod piece and a replaceable contact probe part; the supporting frame comprises a supporting aluminum profile and a supporting leg aluminum profile which are used for supporting the instrument and form a tripod structure, a screw jack and a polished rod, wherein the screw jack is fixedly arranged on the tripod structure, the polished rod is arranged vertical to the horizontal plane, and the supporting frame and each part of the paddy field soil mechanical parameter measuring equipment are restrained; the vertical active load loading part is fixed above the supporting frame through a load and bracket fixing bolt, so that a descending active load is provided for part of experiments; the torque loading and measuring element part is assembled on the polish rod in the supporting frame, is restrained with the polish rod through nine linear bearings in three groups, and can slide up and down along the polish rod; the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe part are connected with a torque loading and measuring element part at the upper end of the rod piece through a lower connecting flange of the torque sensor, and the rod piece and a probe at the tail end of the replaceable contact probe part are directly contacted with paddy soil under the action of load; the control cabinet is directly fixed on the side surface of the supporting frame, and an integrated circuit board, a single chip microcomputer, a memory card, a wireless signal transmitting device and a port for mobile equipment such as a notebook computer and mobile phone communication are arranged in the control cabinet and are used as a control center of the instrument; the machine vision system comprises a visible light camera, an infrared hyperspectral camera, an infrared signal generator and an integrated circuit board and is fixed at the bottom of the control cabinet.

2. The paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the supporting frame body is a tripod structure, and the tripod structure for supporting stress is formed by connecting and fixing a vertical supporting rod, an inclined supporting rod, a hinge, a supporting frame upper fixing plate and a supporting frame lower fixing plate; a vertical supporting rod is vertically fixed between the upper fixing plate of the supporting frame and the lower fixing plate of the supporting frame to form an integral frame structure; the interior is also provided with three polished rods to form a track for the torque loading and measuring element to slide up and down.

3. The paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the torque loading and measuring component part comprises a stepping motor, a planetary gear box, an S-shaped tension and compression sensor, a torque sensor, a rotary increment encoder, an infrared distance measuring sensor, a torque loading upper fixing plate, a torque loading middle fixing plate, a torque loading lower fixing plate, three limit support rods, a structure consisting of the three limit support rods, the torque loading upper fixing plate, the torque loading middle fixing plate and the torque loading lower fixing plate, and is used for fixedly connecting the stepping motor, the planetary gear box, the S-shaped tension and compression sensor, the torque sensor, the rotary increment encoder and the infrared distance measuring sensor, wherein the torque loading upper fixing plate is made of steel and is used for generating magnetic force constraint with an electromagnet, and three sets of nine linear bearings are mounted on the three plate parts and are used for ensuring that the torque loading and measuring component group part can be positioned on a polished rod on the support frame Can slide freely.

4. The paddy field soil mechanics parameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the rod piece and the replaceable contact probe comprise a lower connecting flange of the torque sensor, a polished rod with external threads at two ends, a fixed retainer ring for loading a static load of a weight, a detachable flange at the tail end of the connecting rod, and a probe which is fixed at the tail end of the rod piece through threads and is used for contacting with the paddy field soil, wherein the probe comprises pressing plates and shearing blocks with different sizes, and test data are collected through interaction of the probe and the paddy field soil.