CN216159013U - Novel steam generator - Google Patents
Novel steam generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN216159013U CN216159013U CN202122281684.5U CN202122281684U CN216159013U CN 216159013 U CN216159013 U CN 216159013U CN 202122281684 U CN202122281684 U CN 202122281684U CN 216159013 U CN216159013 U CN 216159013U
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- steam
- liquid separation
- separation chamber
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Abstract
Disclosed is a novel steam generator, including: the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a boiler feed water inlet and a sewage outlet; the steam gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the upper end of the barrel and is provided with a steam outlet, a liquid level meter port and a continuous sewage draining port; the upper pipe box is arranged in the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, the top of the upper pipe box is connected with a process gas pipeline extending out of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, an upper pipe plate is arranged at an opening at the bottom of the upper pipe box, and a lower pipe plate which is lower than the water inlet and the sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the barrel; the two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle are connected with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; and the process gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the lower tube plate and is provided with a process gas outlet and a condensate outlet. The steam generator greatly improves the heat recovery efficiency, has small resistance, small occupied area and uniform heating of the tube plate, and does not generate cavitation and steam carrying water phenomena.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical equipment, and particularly relates to a steam generator.
Background
The steam generator is an important device for producing steam and adjusting the temperature of process gas by utilizing the waste heat of the process gas in the industrial production process, is widely applied to production devices for producing synthetic ammonia and methanol by taking coal, oil and gas as raw materials, plays an important role in improving the heat efficiency of the whole device, reducing environmental pollution and meeting process requirements, and can generate great economic and social benefits by fully utilizing the waste heat resource of the process gas.
Traditional steam generator is the BKU type, adopt horizontal arrangement, the heat exchange tube adopts U type pipe, many U type heat exchange tubes weld on same tube sheet, the centre falls into cold with the baffle, hot two rooms, the tube bank is arranged in and is directly passed through in bigger evaporation kettle, make the upper portion of heat exchange tube bank have a small amount of spaces to be used for steam and water of smuggleing secretly to separate, in operation, the heat exchange tube bank is given water submergence by the boiler, when hot technology gas is through the heat exchanger tube bank, boiler feedwater outside the tubes is by heating part vaporization, saturated steam passes the tube bank clearance and rises to evaporation kettle upper portion space and carries out the vapour-liquid separation, steam is discharged from the export of evaporation kettle top. The BKU type waste heat boiler has the following problems: 1. the temperature of the process gas at the outlet of the steam generator is high, generally 15 ℃ higher than that of the byproduct steam, and the heat recovery efficiency is low; 2. the steam-water separation space is limited, and steam is easy to carry water; 3. the tube plate has large temperature difference and large thermal stress and is easy to deform and damage; 4. when the process gas has condensate, the process gas needs to be arranged in an elevated manner and provided with a gas-liquid separator; 5. the U-shaped pipe has large resistance and is difficult to clean; 6. the equipment has large volume and occupies much land.
The existing vertical steam generator is not provided with a steam gas-liquid separation chamber, and an upper tube plate causes a gas phase aggregation phenomenon due to gas-liquid separation, so that the upper tube plate has a cavitation phenomenon and poor medium heat conductivity, and the tube plate is thinned and damaged due to overtemperature; furthermore, the absence of a vapor separation space makes the vapor prone to carry water.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The novel steam generator overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the high-efficiency energy-saving equipment which has the advantages of high heat recovery efficiency, small resistance, small occupied area, uniform heating of the tube plate, no cavitation and no water carrying of steam.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a steam generator including:
the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a boiler water supply inlet and a sewage outlet;
the steam gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the upper end of the barrel and is provided with a steam outlet, a liquid level meter port and a continuous sewage draining port;
the upper pipe box is arranged in the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, the top of the upper pipe box is connected with a process gas pipeline extending out of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, an upper pipe plate is arranged at an opening at the bottom of the upper pipe box, and a lower pipe plate which is lower than the water inlet and the sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the barrel;
the two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle are connected with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; and
the process gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the lower tube plate and is provided with a process gas outlet and a condensate outlet.
In some examples, the steam gas-liquid separation chamber has a diameter 1.1 to 3 times the diameter of the cylinder.
In some examples, the vapor-liquid separation chamber is provided with an inner drum and an inner cone for separating liquid water from vapor.
In some examples, the level gauge port on the vapor gas-liquid separation chamber is higher than the upper tube sheet.
In some examples, the heat exchange tube bundle takes the form of a baffle in combination with baffle rods.
In some examples, the upper end of the cylinder is connected with the steam gas-liquid separation chamber through a conical cylinder.
In some examples, a wire mesh demister is disposed within the vapor-liquid separation chamber.
In some examples, the vapor gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with an inner drum for separating liquid water from vapor.
In some examples, the vapor-liquid separation chamber is secured to the process gas inlet conduit using a stuffing box arrangement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vertical heat exchange tubes are adopted, the process gas is cooled from top to bottom in the heat exchange tubes, the boiler feed water is heated from bottom to top outside the heat exchange tubes, and cold and hot fluids completely flow in a reverse mode, so that the maximum temperature difference and heat transfer coefficient can be obtained, the temperature of the hot process gas can be reduced to be close to or lower than the temperature of steam, and the heat recovery efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the resistance of the vertical heat exchange tube is small, the tube plate is heated uniformly, and cavitation and steam carrying water phenomena are avoided; the problems that the traditional BKU type waste heat boiler adopting the U-shaped heat exchange tube is large in tube plate temperature difference, large in thermal stress, easy to deform and damage, large in tube pass resistance, large in equipment floor area and the like are solved; and the phenomena of cavitation erosion and water carrying by steam generated on the shell pass side of the upper tube plate of the conventional vertical waste heat boiler are also avoided. Meanwhile, a process gas-liquid separator is integrated, the flow is shortened, and the investment is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a novel steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a steam gas-liquid separation chamber;
2-a steam outlet;
3-an inspection manhole for entering and exiting the steam gas-liquid separation chamber;
4, feeding a tube box;
5-a continuous sewage draining outlet;
6-inner cylinder of steam gas-liquid separation chamber;
7-a conical cylinder connecting the cylinder body and the steam gas-liquid separation chamber;
8-barrel body;
9-a heat exchange tube bundle;
10-boiler feed water inlet;
11-process gas outlet;
12-a process gas-liquid separation chamber;
13-an inspection manhole for gas-liquid separation of the in-and-out process gas;
14-skirt;
15-condensate outlet;
16-a level gauge port on the process gas-liquid separation chamber;
17-a drainage cone;
18-a cone connecting the lower tube plate and the process gas-liquid separation chamber;
19-a sewage draining outlet;
20-a lower tube plate;
21-baffle plate
22-rod baffle
23-an upper tube sheet;
24-a liquid level meter port on the vapor gas-liquid separation chamber;
25-wire mesh demister;
26-stuffing box;
27-process gas inlet line.
Detailed Description
The steam generator of the invention is used for recovering the waste heat of the process gas, such as the waste heat of the process gas in a device for producing synthetic ammonia and methanol by taking coal, oil and gas as raw materials, but is not limited to the device. Fig. 1 is a structural view of a steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in figure 1, the skirt 14 supports the steam generator of the invention, the steam generator comprises an upper tube box 4, a cylinder 8, a heat exchange tube bundle 9, a steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 and a process gas-liquid separation chamber 12, the upper end of the cylinder 8 is connected with the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 through a cone cylinder 7, the bottom of the cylinder 8 is connected with a lower tube plate 20, and the lower tube plate 20 is connected with the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12 through another cone cylinder 18. The diameter of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 can be 1.1-3 times of that of the cylinder 8, but is not limited to the diameter. The cross section size of the conical cylinder 7 is gradually increased from the cylinder body 8 to the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1.
The upper header 4 is provided in the vapor-liquid separation chamber 1. The upper header 4 is connected to a process gas pipe 27 extending to the outside of the vapor gas-liquid separation chamber 1. The bottom of the upper tube box 4 is provided with an upper tube plate 23. The two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle 9 are respectively fixed on the upper tube plate 21 and the lower tube plate 20, the upper tube box 4 is communicated with the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12, and the process gas introduced from the process gas pipeline 27 sequentially passes through the upper tube box 4 and the heat exchange tube bundle 9 and enters the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12. The steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1, the cylinder 8 and the lower tube plate 20 form a space for containing water, and the water contained in the space cools the process gas in the heat exchange tube bundle 9 and is gasified into steam which leaves the waste heat boiler from the steam outlet 2 at the top of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1.
The lower end of the cylinder 8 is provided with a boiler water supply inlet 10 and a sewage outlet 19 at the position close to the lower tube plate 20. The steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 is provided with a liquid level meter port 24 and a continuous sewage draining port 5. The gauge port 24 is located above the upper tube sheet 23. The boiler feed water level is monitored by a level gauge on the gauge port 24 to ensure that the upper tube sheet 23 is submerged below the liquid level. The top of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 is fixed on a process gas inlet pipeline 27 through a stuffing box 26 so as to eliminate the thermal stress of the metal shell caused by temperature difference. The upper end of the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12 is provided with a process gas outlet 11, and the bottom is provided with a condensate outlet 15. The gas-liquid separation chamber 12 of the process gas is provided with a liquid level meter port 16 and a manhole 13 for people to go in and out for maintenance.
In addition, the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 is provided with an inner cylinder for separating liquid water from steam, and the inner cylinder comprises a straight cylinder and cones positioned at two ends of the straight cylinder. The upper tube box 4 is positioned in the inner cylinder and the inner vertebral body. The steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 is also provided with a manhole 3 for people to go in and out for inspection. A wire mesh demister 25 is arranged above the upper pipe box 4 of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1 and close to the steam outlet 2. The heat exchange tube bundle 9 is in the form of a baffle comprising a baffle 21 and a baffle rod 22. The process gas-liquid separation chamber 12 is internally provided with a drainage cone 17, and the process gas flowing out of the heat exchange tube 9 enters the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12 through the drainage cone 17. Along the process flow direction, the bore of the drainage cone 17 is gradually reduced.
It can be seen that the upper header 4, the upper tube plate 23, the lower tube plate 20, the heat exchange tube bundle 9 and the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12 form a tube pass, and the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1, the cylinder 8 and the conical cylinder 7 connecting the two form a shell pass.
The working principle of the steam generator of the invention is as follows: the process gas enters the tube pass upper tube box 4 from the process gas pipeline 27, the temperature is reduced after heat exchange with boiler feed water in a shell pass through the heat exchange tube bundle 9, the process gas enters the process gas-liquid separation chamber 12, the process gas is separated from condensate liquid, the condensate liquid is discharged through the bottom condensate liquid outlet 15, and the process gas leaves the boiler through the upper end process gas outlet 11; boiler feed water enters through a boiler feed water inlet 10 at the lower end of the cylinder 8 and exchanges heat with hot process gas in the heat exchange tube bundle 9, the boiler feed water is vaporized and rises to the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1, and steam leaves the boiler from a steam outlet 2 after liquid water is separated; the feed water level of the boiler is controlled by a liquid level meter arranged on a liquid level meter port 24 of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber 1, so that the upper tube plate 21 is submerged under the liquid level; and the continuous sewage draining port 5 of the steam gas-liquid separating chamber 1 and the sewage draining port 19 at the lower end of the barrel 8 are used for draining sewage, so that the scaling caused by the accumulation of impurities in the boiler feed water is avoided. Because the boiler feed water and the process gas are subjected to complete countercurrent heat exchange, the maximum temperature difference and heat transfer coefficient can be obtained, so that the process gas can be cooled to a temperature close to or lower than that of the generated steam, and the waste heat recovery efficiency of the process gas is greatly improved.
Claims (5)
1. A steam generator, comprising:
the lower end of the cylinder is provided with a boiler water supply inlet and a sewage outlet;
the steam gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the upper end of the barrel and is provided with a steam outlet, a liquid level meter port and a continuous sewage draining port;
the upper pipe box is arranged in the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, the top of the upper pipe box is connected with a process gas pipeline extending out of the steam gas-liquid separation chamber, an upper pipe plate is arranged at an opening at the bottom of the upper pipe box, and a lower pipe plate which is lower than the water inlet and the sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the barrel;
the two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle are connected with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; and
the process gas-liquid separation chamber is connected with the lower tube plate and is provided with a process gas outlet and a condensate outlet.
2. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein the steam gas-liquid separation chamber has a diameter 1.1 to 3 times a diameter of the cylinder.
3. The steam generator of claim 1 or 2, wherein the steam gas-liquid separation chamber is provided with an inner drum for separating liquid water from steam.
4. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein the level gauge port on the steam gas-liquid separation chamber is higher than the upper tube sheet.
5. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle is in the form of a baffle in combination with baffle rods.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122281684.5U CN216159013U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Novel steam generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122281684.5U CN216159013U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Novel steam generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216159013U true CN216159013U (en) | 2022-04-01 |
Family
ID=80852782
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122281684.5U Active CN216159013U (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Novel steam generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216159013U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202122281684.5U patent/CN216159013U/en active Active
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