CN216158836U

CN216158836U - Hydrogen storage system and fuel cell vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN216158836U
Application number: CN202121446151.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘凤文; 赵强; 赵朝善; 王昕雨; 燕泽英; 田莹; 冯美丽
Original assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd; Weichai New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Power Co Ltd; Weichai New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-06-28
Publication date: 2022-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen storage system and a fuel cell vehicle, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles. The hydrogen storage system comprises a discharge pipeline and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, wherein each hydrogen storage bottle comprises a bottle mouth combination valve, the bottle mouth combination valves are all connected with the discharge pipeline, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle can enter the discharge pipeline through the bottle mouth combination valves, one end of the discharge pipeline is connected with an air compressor through an electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the discharge pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere; the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the air compressor to clean the discharge pipeline. The fuel cell vehicle using the hydrogen storage system cleans the discharge pipeline in a pulse type purging mode by controlling the air compressor through the electromagnetic valve, so that the maintenance time and the labor cost can be reduced; the abrasion to the discharge pipeline and other parts can be avoided, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, high-altitude operation drainage is not needed, and the safety is high.

Description

Hydrogen storage system and fuel cell vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a hydrogen storage system and a fuel cell vehicle.

Background

The fuel cell is used as a new power device of a new energy automobile, and has the functions of energy conservation and environmental protection. A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction.

In a fuel cell vehicle, in order to ensure the safety of a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogen discharge pipeline is provided, and when a fire disaster or other special conditions occur, in order to prevent the hydrogen storage bottle and the internal hydrogen from exploding due to overhigh temperature, the high-pressure hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage system needs to be rapidly discharged. The prior art bleed line has the following disadvantages: (1) the dust cap of the discharge port has the possibility of falling under the action of external force (such as cutting off branches and rubbing) once the dust cap falls off, rain and snow can enter the discharge pipeline from the discharge port, accumulation is formed in the discharge pipeline and cannot be effectively discharged in time, accumulated water can enter the cavity of a PRD (Pressure Regulating Devices) of a bottle mouth combination valve of a hydrogen storage bottle due to the swing of the posture of a vehicle body in the driving process of the vehicle, the water entering the PRD cavity is frozen under the cold condition, the water is changed into solid volume from liquid state and expands, the repeated freezing expansion stress can cause the damage of parts inside the PRD and even lead the PRD nut to be cracked, so that the PRD is abnormally activated, if metal parts such as the cracked nut and the like are bounced on a metal piece to collide with sparks, the serious safety problem of the ignited discharged hydrogen occurs, if impurities and ice in the PRD discharge pipeline can also influence the hydrogen discharge speed after the PRD is activated in fire, and even cause an explosion. (2) The design and the arrangement mode of current pipeline of releasing need regularly to the pipeline maintenance drainage of releasing, when the pipeline maintenance drainage of releasing, need all tear the pipeline of releasing and tear down and just can carry out the drainage operation, and work load is big, and the cost of labor is high, and frequently dismantles the leakproofness that reduces the pipeline connection of releasing easily, increases spare part cost. (3) When the discharge pipeline is disassembled, high-altitude operation is required, and potential threat to personal safety exists.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a hydrogen storage system and a fuel cell vehicle, which can periodically discharge moisture accumulated in a discharge pipeline out of the discharge pipeline in time, and have low cost and high safety.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a hydrogen storage system comprises a discharge pipeline and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, wherein each hydrogen storage bottle comprises a bottle mouth combination valve, the bottle mouth combination valves are all connected with the discharge pipeline, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles can enter the discharge pipeline through the bottle mouth combination valves, one end of the discharge pipeline is connected with an air compressor through an electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the discharge pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere; the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the air compressor to clean the discharge pipeline.

Optionally, the bleed line is connected to the air compressor by a high pressure hose.

Optionally, the high-pressure hose is connected to the discharge line through a three-way valve, a first interface of the three-way valve is connected to the high-pressure hose, a second interface of the three-way valve is connected to the combined valve at the opening of the hydrogen storage bottle, and a third interface of the three-way valve is connected to the discharge line.

Optionally, the hydrogen storage system further comprises a one-way valve disposed between the air compressor and the three-way valve.

Optionally, one end of the discharge pipeline, which is communicated with the atmosphere, is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is arranged in an inclined manner in a direction away from the ground.

Optionally, the hydrogen storage system further comprises a dust cap for sealing the discharge port.

Optionally, the finish combining valve comprises a pressure relief valve.

Optionally, the bleed tube is made of stainless steel.

A fuel cell vehicle comprising a center console and a hydrogen storage system as described in any of the above, the center console comprising a first control switch electrically connected with the solenoid valve for controlling the opening or closing of the solenoid valve.

Optionally, the air compressor is a vehicle-mounted air compressor, the console further includes a second control switch, the vehicle-mounted air compressor is electrically connected to the second control switch, and the second control switch is used for controlling the on-off of the vehicle-mounted air compressor.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the hydrogen storage system provided by the utility model, one end of the discharge pipeline is connected with the air compressor, and the other end of the discharge pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere. The bottle mouth combination valves of the hydrogen storage bottles are connected with the discharge pipeline, so that hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles can be discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge pipeline. The air compressor is used for purging the discharge pipeline so as to clean water and impurities in the discharge pipeline, and prevent the discharge pipeline from being blocked and affecting the discharge of hydrogen; meanwhile, the phenomenon that water accumulated in the discharge pipeline freezes and expands when the temperature is low, damages to parts are caused, and hydrogen leakage is caused is avoided. The electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the air compressor to clean the discharge pipeline in a pulse type blowing mode, so that the maintenance time can be reduced, and the labor cost can be reduced; the abrasion to the discharge pipeline and other parts can be avoided, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, high-altitude operation drainage is not needed, and the safety is high.

The fuel cell vehicle provided by the utility model can regularly clean the discharge pipeline of the hydrogen storage system of the vehicle by applying the hydrogen storage system, so that the situation that hydrogen cannot be discharged due to the blockage of the discharge pipeline is avoided, and meanwhile, the situation that parts are damaged due to the freezing expansion of water accumulated in the discharge pipeline at low temperature and hydrogen leakage is caused is avoided. The cleaning mode reduces the cost and has high safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. an air compressor; 2. an electromagnetic valve; 3. a one-way valve; 4. a three-way valve; 5. a bleed line; 6. a discharge port; 7. a dust cap; 8. a high pressure hose;

51. a main pipeline; 52. a branch line; 91. a first-size bottleneck combination valve; 92. a second bottle mouth combination valve; 93. a third bottleneck combination valve; 94. and a fourth bottle mouth combination valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hydrogen storage system, which includes a discharge pipeline 5 and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, where each hydrogen storage bottle includes a bottle mouth combination valve, the bottle mouth combination valves are all connected to the discharge pipeline 5, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle can enter the discharge pipeline 5 through the bottle mouth combination valves, one end of the discharge pipeline 5 is connected to an air compressor 1 through an electromagnetic valve 2, and the other end is communicated with the atmosphere; the electromagnetic valve 2 is used for controlling the air compressor 1 to clean the discharge pipeline 5.

In the hydrogen storage system provided in this embodiment, one end of the discharge pipeline 5 is connected to the air compressor 1, and the other end is communicated with the atmosphere. The bottle mouth combination valves of the hydrogen storage bottles are connected with the discharge pipeline 5, so that hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles can be discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge pipeline 5. The air compressor 1 is used for purging the discharge pipeline 5 so as to clean water and impurities in the discharge pipeline 5, and prevent the discharge pipeline 5 from being blocked and affecting hydrogen discharge; meanwhile, the phenomenon that water accumulated in the discharge pipeline 5 freezes and expands when the temperature is low, damages to parts and components are caused, and hydrogen leakage is caused is avoided. The electromagnetic valve 2 controls the air compressor 1 to clean the discharge pipeline 5 in an impulse type blowing mode, so that the maintenance time and the labor cost can be reduced; abrasion to the discharge pipeline 5 and other parts can be avoided, and the cost is reduced; meanwhile, high-altitude operation drainage is not needed, and the safety is high.

In the present embodiment, four hydrogen storage bottles are provided, and the bottle mouth combination valves of the four hydrogen storage bottles are connected with the release pipeline 5. The four bottleneck combination valves include a first bottleneck combination valve 91, a second bottleneck combination valve 92, a third bottleneck combination valve 93 and a fourth bottleneck combination valve 94. The first bottleneck combination valve 91, the second bottleneck combination valve 92, the third bottleneck combination valve 93 and the fourth bottleneck combination valve 94 are sequentially arranged from the air compressor 1 to the end of the discharge pipeline 5 communicated with the atmosphere, so that the hydrogen of the four hydrogen storage bottles can be discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge pipeline 5.

Optionally, the port combination valve comprises a pressure relief valve which is activated and hydrogen gas from the hydrogen storage cylinder enters the vent line 5. The combined valve at the bottle mouth is a general name of the valve special for the hydrogen storage bottle. The bottle mouth combination valve is integrated with components such as a switch valve, a one-way valve, a pressure release valve, a temperature sensor and the like. The switch valve is used for controlling the on-off of the hydrogen storage bottle, the one-way valve is arranged to avoid the backflow of hydrogen, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen. When fire occurs and other special conditions occur, in order to avoid explosion of the hydrogen storage bottle and the internal hydrogen due to overhigh temperature, high-pressure hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage system needs to be discharged rapidly, at the moment, the pressure release valve in the bottle mouth combination valve is activated, and the hydrogen enters the discharge pipeline 5 from the hydrogen storage bottle through the pressure release valve of the bottle mouth combination valve and is discharged from the discharge port 6 of the discharge pipeline 5.

Optionally, the bleed line 5 is made of stainless steel. The bleed line 5 includes a main line 51 and branch lines 52, the four mouthpiece combination valves are connected to the main line 51 through one branch line 52, and the main line 51 and the branch lines 52 are integrated and made of stainless steel. In the present embodiment, the main pipe 51 is disposed in a horizontal direction, and the four branch pipes 52 are disposed in a vertical direction, so as to facilitate the discharge of moisture and impurities. The discharge pipeline 5 made of stainless steel has high strength and is not easy to damage and deform, and hydrogen can be smoothly discharged.

Optionally, the drain line 5 is connected to the air compressor 1 by a high pressure hose 8. To facilitate the arrangement of the air compressor 1, the air compressor 1 is connected to the bleed line 5 by a high-pressure hose 8. The relative positions of the air compressor 1 and the discharge pipeline 5 are reasonably arranged according to the internal space of the fuel cell vehicle, and the high-pressure hose 8 has certain flexibility, so that the air compressor 1 and the discharge pipeline 5 can be conveniently connected.

Optionally, the high-pressure hose 8 is connected to the discharge line 5 through a three-way valve 4, a first interface of the three-way valve 4 is connected to the high-pressure hose 8, a second interface of the three-way valve 4 is connected to the bottle opening combination valve of the hydrogen storage bottle, and a third interface of the three-way valve 4 is connected to the discharge line 5. In this embodiment, the second port of the three-way valve 4 is connected to the first-port combination valve 91.

Optionally, the hydrogen storage system further comprises a check valve 3, the check valve 3 being disposed between the air compressor 1 and the three-way valve 4. The one-way valve 3 is provided to prevent hydrogen from reversely entering the air compressor 1 when hydrogen is discharged.

Optionally, a discharge port 6 is provided at one end of the discharge pipeline 5, which is communicated with the atmosphere, and the discharge port 6 is arranged obliquely in a direction away from the ground. The discharge port 6 is arranged obliquely upwards, so that accumulated water on the ground or impurities are prevented from entering the discharge pipeline 5.

Optionally, the hydrogen storage system further comprises a dust cap 7, the dust cap 7 being for sealing the discharge opening 6. In order to better avoid rain, snow or other impurities from entering the discharge port 6 and affecting the discharge of hydrogen, the discharge port 6 is sealed by a dust cap 7 when the hydrogen does not need to be discharged.

The embodiment also provides a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises a center console and the hydrogen storage system, wherein the center console comprises a first control switch, and the first control switch is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve 2 and used for controlling the electromagnetic valve 2 to be opened or closed.

The fuel cell vehicle that this embodiment provided uses foretell hydrogen storage system, can regularly clean the discharge pipeline 5 of the hydrogen storage system of vehicle, avoids discharge pipeline 5 to block up and causes the unable discharge of hydrogen, has avoided simultaneously that the water that gathers in discharge pipeline 5 freezes the inflation when the temperature is low, leads to the fact the damage to spare part, leads to hydrogen to leak. The cleaning mode reduces the cost and has high safety.

Optionally, the air compressor 1 is a vehicle-mounted air compressor, the console further includes a second control switch, the vehicle-mounted air compressor is electrically connected to the second control switch, and the second control switch is used for controlling the on-off of the vehicle-mounted air compressor. In this embodiment, the on-vehicle air compressor is directly used to clean the discharge pipeline 5, which saves cost.

In the present embodiment, the fuel cell vehicle needs to periodically purge the drain line 5. When the discharge pipeline 5 needs to be cleaned, a worker firstly takes down the dustproof cap 7 of the discharge port 6 of the discharge pipeline 5, then opens the first control switch and the second control switch on the center console, and starts to purge the discharge pipeline 5. When the pipeline sweeps, compressed air enters the discharge pipeline 5 from the air compressor 1 through the high-pressure hose 8 and the check valve 3 through the first interface and the third interface of the three-way valve 4, and impurities such as moisture and dust in the discharge pipeline 5 are blown out of the discharge pipeline 5 through the discharge port 6, so that the purpose of sweeping is achieved. The check valve 3 allows only compressed air to enter the three-way valve 4, and prevents the discharged hydrogen gas from entering the air compressor 1 through the high-pressure hose 8.

When the pulse type purging mode is adopted to purge the discharge pipeline 5, the electromagnetic valve 2 is controlled by the first control switch, the electromagnetic valve 2 is opened for five seconds and then closed for one second, then opened for five seconds, six seconds are taken as a cycle, the purging cycle is performed for ten times every time, namely, the purging is suspended for one second every five seconds, then the purging is performed for five seconds again, one second is stopped every five seconds, the cyclic purging is performed according to the mode, and the purging time lasts for one minute every time. A part of the water in the drain line 5 for five seconds is discharged from the drain port 6, and the other part rises along the branch line 52 connected to the combination valve 92 for two flasks, the combination valve 93 for three flasks, and the combination valve 94 for four flasks, and when the purging is stopped, the water is again accumulated in the horizontally arranged main line 51 by gravity. After the one second pause purge was completed, the purge was again cycled for five seconds. If the purging is performed all the time, the water is suspended in the branch pipes 52 arranged vertically and cannot be discharged along the main pipe 51 arranged horizontally, and the pulse purging method can be used for blowing out as much water in the discharge pipe 5 to the outside of the discharge pipe 5 as possible.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage system comprises a discharge pipeline (5) and a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, wherein each hydrogen storage bottle comprises a bottle mouth combination valve, the bottle mouth combination valves are all connected with the discharge pipeline (5), and hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottles can enter the discharge pipeline (5) through the bottle mouth combination valves, and the hydrogen storage system is characterized in that one end of the discharge pipeline (5) is connected with an air compressor (1) through an electromagnetic valve (2), and the other end of the discharge pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere; the electromagnetic valve (2) is used for controlling the air compressor (1) to clean the discharge pipeline (5).

2. A hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge line (5) is connected to the air compressor (1) by means of a high-pressure hose (8).

3. A hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that the high pressure hose (8) is connected to the discharge line (5) by means of a three-way valve (4), a first interface of the three-way valve (4) being connected to the high pressure hose (8), a second interface of the three-way valve (4) being connected to the combined valve of the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle, and a third interface of the three-way valve (4) being connected to the discharge line (5).

4. A hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, further comprising a one-way valve (3), said one-way valve (3) being arranged between said air compressor (1) and said three-way valve (4).

5. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein a discharge port (6) is provided at an end of the discharge line (5) communicating with the atmosphere, and the discharge port (6) is inclined in a direction away from the ground.

6. A hydrogen storage system according to claim 5, further comprising a dust cap (7), said dust cap (7) being adapted to seal said discharge opening (6).

7. The hydrogen storage system of claim 1 wherein the port combination valve comprises a pressure relief valve.

8. Hydrogen storage system according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the discharge line (5) is made of stainless steel.

9. A fuel cell vehicle, characterized by comprising a center console and a hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the center console comprising a first control switch electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve (2) for controlling the opening or closing of the electromagnetic valve (2).

10. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the air compressor (1) is an on-vehicle air compressor, and the center console further includes a second control switch, the on-vehicle air compressor being electrically connected to the second control switch, the second control switch being used to control switching of the on-vehicle air compressor.