CN216157610U - Coupling centering and screwing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coupling centering screwing device, which comprises a back-up wrench mechanism and a screwing mechanism, wherein the back-up wrench mechanism is arranged on a rack, the screwing mechanism comprises a wrench head part, and the wrench head part comprises: the inner wall of the annular rotating shaft hole is uniformly provided with at least two arc-shaped adjusting surfaces which are sunken outwards along the circumferential direction; the main tong assemblies are arranged in the shaft holes and are in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces, the near end of each main tong assembly is in rolling connection with the arc-shaped adjusting surface, and the far end of each main tong assembly is arranged in a slidable manner along the radial direction under the matching action of the limiting mechanism and the arc-shaped adjusting surface so that the main tong assemblies have a coupling clamping state or a yielding state; the back-up tong mechanism comprises a centering clamping part which is concentrically arranged with the annular rotating part, and the centering clamping part comprises a plurality of clamping components arranged along the circumferential direction. The utility model at least comprises the following advantages: can realize the centering centre gripping to the coupling, revolve wrong, this kind of mode can avoid because of revolving the too big damage to the coupling of dynamics of revolving simultaneously.

Description

Coupling centering and screwing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of coupling tightening, in particular to a coupling centering and screwing device.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

The coupling is one kind of oil field drilling tool and has screw threads in two ends to provide connection between petroleum casing and oil pipe. Generally, before leaving a factory, one end of a steel pipe is screwed with a coupling, the other end of the steel pipe is only provided with a protective sleeve, and when a well is drilled in an oil field, the thread at one end of the protective sleeve is screwed into the coupling of the previous steel pipe, and the threads are sequentially connected to form a well wall of the oil well.

The existing coupling tightening device is as follows: 201220562170.5, the name is: chinese patent of a coupling tightening device, the specification of which describes: "a coupling tightening device includes the base, the inside cylinder that is equipped with of base, is equipped with main pincers and back-up tong on the base, main pincers connect respectively and be equipped with controlling means and motor, the back-up tong on interconnect pull pressure sensor and torquemeter, and back-up tong and cylinder link to each other, the torquemeter pass through controlling means and main pincers and link to each other", it is thus clear that, among the prior art, main pincers are when pressing from both sides tightly to the coupling, easy eccentric unilateral centre gripping is tighter, and the another side produces the clearance, and it is poor to press from both sides tight effect, easily takes place the warpage when screwing, revolves to twist the precision poor, and more even the screw tooth is easily twisted badly, influences coupling and the connection performance and the sealing performance between the sleeve pipe.

It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the utility model.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a centering and screwing device for a coupling.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a coupling centering screwing device, wherein a coupling is screwed on a steel pipe in advance, the coupling centering screwing device comprises a frame, a back-up wrench mechanism mounted on the frame for clasping the steel pipe, and a screwing mechanism for clamping and screwing the coupling on the steel pipe, the screwing mechanism comprises a jaw member, and the jaw member comprises:

the inner wall of a shaft hole of the annular rotating piece is uniformly provided with at least two arc-shaped adjusting surfaces which are sunken outwards along the circumferential direction;

the main tong assemblies are arranged in the shaft holes and are in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces, the near end of each main tong assembly is in rolling connection with the arc-shaped adjusting surface, and the far end of each main tong assembly is arranged in a slidable manner along the radial direction under the matching action of a limiting mechanism and the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces so that the main tong assemblies have a coupling clamping state or a yielding state;

the back-up tong mechanism comprises a centering clamping part which is concentrically arranged with the annular rotating part, and the centering clamping part comprises a plurality of clamping components arranged along the circumferential direction.

Further, the annular rotate the piece including having seted up the gear wheel in shaft hole with install in the centering mechanism of two at least end to end butt in proper order of shaft hole inner wall, every the link of centering mechanism all is the arcuation setting, the mutual butt of arcuation link of adjacent centering mechanism forms the arc adjustment face.

Further, the gearwheel has a first end face and a second end face which are oppositely arranged, the first end face is coaxially and rotatably covered with a first end cover, the second end surface coaxial rotatable cover is provided with a second end cover, the first end cover is connected with the first end surface in an axial limiting way through a first pin, the second end cover is axially connected with the second end face in a limiting way through a second pin, the centering mechanism comprises a first shifting plate, a second shifting plate and a wedge block assembly positioned between the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate, the far ends of the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate are used as connecting ends which are arranged in an arc shape, the wedge block component comprises a first connecting block connected with the inner wall of the gearwheel and a second connecting block connected with the first connecting block, and two side walls of the second connecting block are provided with wedge-shaped surfaces which are abutted against the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate on the two corresponding sides.

Furthermore, the main clamp assembly comprises a main clamp connecting seat, clamping clamps and a roller shaft which is rotatably installed at one end, facing the arc-shaped adjusting surface, of the main clamp connecting seat, the limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of limiting blocks, each limiting block is arranged between the adjacent main clamp assemblies, each limiting block is provided with a limiting surface for limiting the main clamp assembly to slide along the radial direction, the limiting blocks are connected with the first end cover and the second end cover through connecting columns, and a plurality of tooth blocks are embedded at one end, used for clamping a coupling, of the clamping clamps.

Furthermore, the screwing mechanism comprises a main tong support, the main tong support comprises a first panel and a second panel which are oppositely arranged and connected through side plates, the upper ends of the first panel and the second panel are annular plates, the upper ends of the first panel, the second panel and the side plates define a U-shaped groove for mounting the tong head parts, the lower end of the screwing mechanism is provided with a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a driving device mounted on the first panel and a gear transmission assembly in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the driving device, and the large gear is in meshing transmission connection with an output gear of the gear transmission assembly.

Further, be provided with a plurality of righting subassemblies that arrange along circumference on the first panel with the second panel respectively, first terminal surface with the second terminal surface on be provided with righting the step of subassembly adaptation, righting the subassembly including installing the axle of righting on the panel that corresponds, righting the axle orientation the one end of gear wheel rotates in proper order along the gear wheel direction that advances gradually and is provided with packing ring and righting the wheel, the step includes first step face, second step face and connects the face of being connected of first step face and second step face, the terminal surface of packing ring with connect the face and support, the surface of packing ring with second step face roll connection, the outer surface of righting the wheel with first step face roll connection.

Furthermore, one end of the rack, which is far away from the screwing mechanism, is further provided with a supporting component, the back-up tong mechanism is slidably arranged between the screwing mechanism and the supporting component, each clamping component comprises a clamping cylinder, and the intersection point of the extension lines of the clamping ends of the clamping cylinders and the gearwheel are concentrically arranged.

Furthermore, the back-up tong mechanism comprises a back-up tong main support and a back-up tong auxiliary support arranged on the back-up tong main support, the clamping components are arranged on the back-up tong main support, the back-up tong auxiliary support is also provided with a floating mechanism which is in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping components, the floating mechanism comprises a first connecting rod arranged on the back-up tong main support, a second connecting rod arranged in parallel with the first connecting rod and arranged on the back-up tong auxiliary support, a first guide rod arranged on the first connecting rod, a second guide rod arranged on the second connecting rod and a spring sleeved on the first guide rod and the second guide rod, a first check ring is arranged at one end of the first guide rod close to the first connecting rod, a second check ring is sleeved at one end of the second guide rod close to the second connecting rod, and one end of the spring acts on the first check ring, the other end of the spring acts on the second stop ring.

Further, the supporting component including install in adjusting nut in the frame, vertically set up in the adjusting nut and with adjusting nut threaded adjusting screw, install in adjusting screw's upper end is used for supporting the V type roller of steel pipe, adjusting screw is last to be provided with and to be used for driving adjusting screw pivoted handle, the handle drives V type roller goes up and down with the axial lead of the steel pipe on the V type roller with the axial lead collineation of gear wheel.

Further, first terminal surface on be provided with the reel, first panel on be provided with the brake subassembly of reel adaptation, the brake subassembly include along the circumference equipartition install in on the first panel and first brake mechanism and the second brake mechanism that head and the tail connected gradually, every brake mechanism including install in brake seat on the second end cover, with brake seat threaded connection's screw rod and with the brake area of reel bending shape adaptation, the brake area one end of first brake mechanism is connected with first brake mechanism's screw rod, the other end is connected with second brake mechanism's brake seat, second brake mechanism's brake area one end is connected with second brake mechanism's screw rod, the other end is connected with first brake mechanism's brake seat, every the screw rod distal end adopts the nut locking rather than the adaptation.

By means of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the utility model, the arc-shaped adjusting surface is arranged in the annular rotating member, the main tong assembly which can be in rolling connection with the arc-shaped adjusting surface is arranged in the shaft hole, the arc-shaped adjusting surface and the limiting mechanism are used for limiting, when the annular rotating member rotates, the main tong assembly moves towards the axis direction of the annular rotating member to clamp and screw a coupling, the main tong assembly moves away from the axis direction to release the coupling, the arc-shaped adjusting surface, the main tong assembly and the limiting mechanism are arranged to realize centering clamping and screwing of the coupling, and meanwhile, the coupling can be prevented from being damaged due to overlarge screwing force, and the structural design is ingenious; this application adopts gear wheel and centering mechanism's mode of setting for mechanism overall structure is compacter, convenient maintenance and change, can realize moreover when the tight coupling of main pincers subassembly clamp driving main pincers subassembly along with the rotation of gear wheel and rotate and realize screwing up to the coupling.

2. According to the arrangement of the wedge block assembly, the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate are not required to be provided with other structures, so that the adjacent shifting plates can be abutted to avoid shifting in the direction of the axis of the large gear, and the first shifting plate, the second shifting plate and the large gear can synchronously rotate.

3. According to the utility model, the main clamp assembly is axially limited in the first end cover and the second end cover, so that the structural design is simpler, and the arrangement of the pressing block can effectively protect the surface of the coupling from being scratched and damaged.

4. According to the U-shaped groove, the main clamp assembly can be accommodated in the U-shaped groove, so that the large gear is protected, the coupling screwing stability is further ensured through the centering assemblies arranged on the first panel and the second panel along the circumferential direction, and the influence on the product quality caused by deflection in the screwing process is avoided.

5. The transmission assembly is arranged, so that screwing can be more stable, screwing deformation caused by over-high rotating speed can be avoided, and the first idle gear and the second idle gear are symmetrically arranged, so that the condition that the large gear receives uniform force and cannot be laterally deflected and clamped can be ensured.

6. According to the utility model, the two brake assemblies are arranged along the circumferential direction, so that the phenomenon that one side of the coupling is inclined when braking can be avoided.

7. The V-shaped roller is arranged to be adjustable in height, so that the axial lead of steel pipes with different sizes can be conveniently adjusted to be collinear with the axial lead of the annular rotating part, and the back-up tong mechanism is arranged to be capable of moving back and forth between the supporting component and the main tong component, so that the height adjustment precision of the supporting component can be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a coupling centering screw of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the screwing mechanism of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of FIG. 2 of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 4 of the present application;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the screwing mechanism of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a jaw member of the present application;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the jaw member of the present application from a first perspective;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the jaw member of the present application from a second perspective;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a back-up tong mechanism of the present application;

FIG. 11 is an exploded schematic view of the back-up tong mechanism of the present application;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of section C of FIG. 11 of the present application;

fig. 13 is an enlarged view of section E of fig. 3 of the present application.

Wherein:

1. a frame;

2. a screwing mechanism; 201. a main tong support; 202. a first panel; 203. a side plate; 204. mounting holes; 205. a second panel; 206. a U-shaped groove; 207. a dripping port;

3. a back-up tong mechanism; 301. a back-up tong main bracket; 302. a back-up tong secondary support; 303. a back-up tong support;

4. a support assembly; 401. adjusting the screw rod; 402. adjusting the nut; 403. a handle; 404. a V-shaped roller;

5. a guide assembly; 501. a guide rail; 502. a guide wheel;

6. a righting assembly; 601. a righting wheel; 602. a gasket;

7. a clamping assembly; 701. an oil path; 702. a clamping cylinder;

8. a floating mechanism; 801. a first connecting rod; 802. a second connecting rod; 803. a second guide bar; 804. a first guide bar; 805. a retainer ring; 806. a spring;

9. a transmission assembly; 901. a drive device; 902. a first idler gear; 903. a second idler gear;

10. a main clamp assembly; 1001. a main tong connecting seat; 1002. clamping pincers; 1003. a dental block; 1004. a roller shaft;

11. a centering mechanism; 1101. a wedge block assembly; 1102. a first dial plate; 1103. a second dial plate; 1104. a limiting block; 1105. connecting columns; 1106. an arc-shaped adjusting surface; 1107. a connecting end; 1108. a first connection block; 1109. a second connecting block; 1110. a limiting surface;

12. a brake assembly; 1201. a brake seat; 1202. a brake band; 1203. a screw; 1204. a nut;

13. a jaw member; 1301. a shaft hole; 1302. a bull gear; 1303. a yielding groove; 1304. a reel; 1305. A first end cap; 1306. a second end cap; 1307. a first step surface; 1308. a second step surface; 1309. And (5) connecting the surface.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no precedence between the two is considered as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

Referring to fig. 1-13, the present invention provides a coupling centering screwing device, comprising a screwing mechanism for centering and screwing a coupling pre-screwed on a steel pipe, wherein the screwing mechanism comprises a jaw member, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, and the jaw member comprises:

the inner wall of a shaft hole of the annular rotating part is provided with at least two arc-shaped adjusting surfaces which are sunken outwards;

the main clamp assemblies are arranged in the shaft holes and are in one-to-one correspondence with the arc adjusting surfaces, the near end of each main clamp assembly is in rolling connection with the arc adjusting surface, and the far end of each main clamp assembly is arranged in a sliding mode along the radial direction under the matching effect of the limiting mechanism and the arc adjusting surfaces, so that the main clamp assemblies are in a coupling clamping state or a yielding state. Specifically, for convenient dismouting, maintenance, it is preferred the annular rotate the piece including having seted up the gear wheel in shaft hole with install in the centering mechanism of two at least end to end butt in proper order of shaft hole inner wall, every centering mechanism's link all is the arcuation setting, the mutual butt of arcuation link of adjacent centering mechanism forms the arc adjustment face. It is specific, preferred centering mechanism include three, every centering mechanism include that first group board, second are dialled the board and are located first group board with the second is dialled the wedge subassembly between the board, first group board with the second is dialled the distal end of board and is regarded as the link that is the arcuation setting, the setting of wedge subassembly can realize that centering mechanism end to end butt sets up, specifically the wedge subassembly include with gear wheel inner wall connected first connecting block and with the second connecting block that first connecting block is connected, the both sides wall of second connecting block have with the first board and the second of dialling of the both sides that correspond and dial the wedge that the board supported.

Specifically, the bull gear has first terminal surface and the second terminal surface of relative arrangement, the coaxial rotatable lid of first terminal surface be equipped with first end cover, the coaxial rotatable lid of second terminal surface be equipped with the second end cover.

Specifically, the first end cover is provided with an annular convex strip which is concentric with the first end cover, the first end face is provided with an annular groove matched with the annular convex strip on the first end cover, the first end cover and the first end face are axially limited and connected through a first pin, and the first end face is provided with a yielding groove for the first pin to slide;

the second end cover is provided with an annular convex strip which is concentric with the second end cover, the second end face is provided with an annular groove matched with the annular convex strip on the second end cover, the second end cover is rotatably connected with the second end face through a second pin, and the second end face is provided with a yielding groove for the second pin to slide;

from this, when the gear wheel rotates and drives centering mechanism pivoted, the main pincers subassembly rolls on centering mechanism's arc adjustment face, the main pincers subassembly receives the extrusion force effect of arc adjustment face to be followed the surface that radially is close to the coupling gradually of gear wheel, first end cover and second end cover do not rotate along with the gear wheel this moment, the groove of stepping down on the relative first end of pin on the first end cover slides, the groove of stepping down on the relative second end of pin on the second end cover slides, along with gear wheel rotation main pincers subassembly hugs closely the coupling gradually, when the main pincers subassembly hugs closely the coupling, stop gear can rotate along with the gear wheel together under the butt effect of arc adjustment face and main pincers subassembly, realize revolving soon to the coupling this moment. In order to prevent the arc-shaped adjusting surface with too large screwing force from being insufficient to meet the requirement, a limiting groove which is coaxial with the large gear is preferably formed in the second end face, a limiting pin which is matched with the limiting groove is correspondingly arranged on the second end cover, a protection mechanism can be formed by the arrangement of the limiting groove, and when the large gear force is large enough, the limiting pin and the groove wall of the limiting groove are abutted to drive the second end cover to rotate.

The main clamp assembly comprises three main clamp connecting seats, clamping clamps and a rotating mechanism, wherein the main clamp connecting seats face towards the roller shafts at one ends of the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces, the axial lines of the roller shafts are parallel to the axial line where the gear wheels are located, the limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of limiting blocks, preferably three limiting blocks and each limiting block is arranged between the adjacent main clamp assemblies, the limiting blocks are provided with limiting surfaces limiting the main clamp assemblies to slide along the radial direction, the limiting blocks are connected with the first end cover and the second end cover through connecting columns, one ends, used for clamping the coupling, of the clamping clamps are embedded with the plurality of tooth blocks, and each tooth block extends along the axis direction of the coupling.

The screwing mechanism comprises a main pliers support, the main pliers support comprises a first panel and a second panel which are oppositely arranged and connected through side plates, the first panel and the second panel are arranged at intervals, the width between the first panel and the second panel is approximately matched with the width of a pliers head part, the upper ends of the first panel and the second panel are annular plates, in addition, the upper ends of the first panel, the second panel and the side plates are enclosed to form a U-shaped groove for the pliers head part to be installed, the lower end of the screwing mechanism is provided with a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a driving device installed on the first panel and a gear transmission assembly in transmission connection with a driving shaft of the driving device, a large gear is in meshing transmission connection with an output gear of the gear transmission assembly, specifically, the driving device is preferably a motor, and the transmission assembly comprises a gearbox connected with an output shaft of the motor, a first panel and a second panel which are connected through side plates, The first idle gear and the second idle gear are in meshed transmission connection with the output gear of the gearbox, the first idle gear and the second idle gear are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the large gear along the radial direction, the driving force received by the large gear can be guaranteed to be more uniform through the arrangement, the situation that the large gear is clamped in a lateral deviation mode due to uneven stress is effectively avoided, gear oil is conveniently added to the large gear, and an oil dripping port is preferably formed in a side plate located at the upper end of the large gear.

In order to further ensure the stability of the rotation of the gearwheel, a plurality of circumferentially arranged centering assemblies are preferably respectively arranged on the first panel and the second panel, the first end surface and the second end surface are provided with steps matched with the righting component, the righting component comprises a righting shaft arranged on a corresponding panel, a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the righting shaft are arranged on a first panel and a second panel, the righting shaft is provided with a gasket and a righting wheel in turn along the direction of the progressive gearwheel at one end facing the gearwheel, the step comprises a first step surface, a second step surface and a connecting surface for connecting the first step surface and the second step surface, the end face of the gasket is abutted to the connecting face, the outer surface of the gasket is in rolling connection with the second step face, and the outer surface of the centralizing wheel is in rolling connection with the first step face.

In order to further ensure the quality of screwing and to stop screwing in time, it is preferable that a winding drum is arranged on the first end surface, the first panel is provided with brake components matched with the winding drum, the brake components comprise a first brake mechanism and a second brake mechanism which are uniformly arranged on the first panel along the circumferential direction and are sequentially connected end to end, each brake mechanism comprises a brake base arranged on the first end cover, a screw rod in threaded connection with the brake base and a brake band matched with the bending shape of the winding drum, one end of a brake band of the first brake mechanism is connected with a screw rod of the first brake mechanism, the other end of the brake band of the first brake mechanism is connected with a brake seat of the second brake mechanism, one end of a brake band of the second brake mechanism is connected with a screw of the second brake mechanism, the other end of the brake band is connected with a brake seat of the first brake mechanism, and the far end of each screw is locked by a nut matched with the screw.

Specifically, the coupling centering of this application is twisted device soon still includes the frame and can be close to or keep away from twist the back-up tong mechanism of mechanism soon, back-up tong mechanism include the back-up tong support, install along circumference in a plurality of clamping components on the back-up tong support, every clamping component includes die clamping cylinder, and die clamping cylinder's the intersection point of the extension line of the clamping end with gear wheel concentric setting.

The detachable fixed mounting of owner pincers support in the frame, back-up tong mechanism slidable install in the frame, back-up tong mechanism include the back-up tong main support with install in back-up tong auxiliary stand on the back-up tong main support, specifically, the frame on seted up the guide rail groove, every the guide rail inslot is provided with the guide rail, the both sides wall of back-up tong main support sets up the leading wheel respectively, every the leading wheel block in the guide rail groove and with guide rail roll connection.

The back-up tong comprises a back-up tong main support, a back-up tong auxiliary support, a clamping device and a floating mechanism, wherein the clamping device is arranged on the back-up tong main support, the floating mechanism is arranged on the back-up tong auxiliary support and is in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping device and comprises a first connecting rod arranged on the back-up tong main support, a second connecting rod arranged in parallel with the first connecting rod and arranged on the back-up tong auxiliary support, a first guide rod arranged on the first connecting rod, a second guide rod arranged on the second connecting rod and a spring sleeved on the first guide rod and the second guide rod, a first check ring is arranged at one end, close to the first connecting rod, of the first guide rod, a second check ring is sleeved at one end, close to the second connecting rod, of the second guide rod, a second check ring is arranged at one end, close to the second connecting rod, of the spring acts on the first check ring, and the other end of the spring acts on the second check ring.

The frame on still be equipped with a supporting component, back-up tong mechanism arrange in the supporting component with between the main tong subassembly, the supporting component including install in adjusting nut in the frame, vertically set up in the adjusting nut and with the adjusting screw of adjusting nut adaptation, install in adjusting screw's upper end is used for supporting the V type roller of steel pipe, the last drive that is provided with of adjusting screw is used for the drive adjusting screw pivoted handle, the handle drives the V type roller goes up and down with the axial lead of the steel pipe on the V type roller with the axial lead collineation of gear wheel, the axial lead of V type roller with the roughly perpendicular setting of gear wheel axial lead.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the utility model is all within the protection scope of the utility model. The protection scope of the utility model is subject to the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a coupling is centering revolves and is twisted device soon, the coupling twist in advance on the steel pipe, its characterized in that, including the frame and install in the frame be used for hugging closely the back-up wrench mechanism of steel pipe and be used for carrying out centre gripping, the spiral shell of twisting the mechanism soon to the coupling on the steel pipe, spiral shell of twisting the mechanism include the tong head spare, tong head spare include:

the inner wall of a shaft hole of the annular rotating piece is uniformly provided with at least two arc-shaped adjusting surfaces which are sunken outwards along the circumferential direction;

the main tong assemblies are arranged in the shaft holes and are in one-to-one correspondence with the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces, the near end of each main tong assembly is in rolling connection with the arc-shaped adjusting surface, and the far end of each main tong assembly is arranged in a slidable manner along the radial direction under the matching action of a limiting mechanism and the arc-shaped adjusting surfaces so that the main tong assemblies have a coupling clamping state or a yielding state;

the back-up tong mechanism comprises a centering clamping part which is concentrically arranged with the annular rotating part, and the centering clamping part comprises a plurality of clamping components arranged along the circumferential direction.

2. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 1, wherein the annular rotating member comprises a gearwheel provided with the shaft hole and at least two centering mechanisms which are sequentially abutted end to end and mounted on the inner wall of the shaft hole, the connecting end of each centering mechanism is arranged in an arc shape, and the arc-shaped connecting ends of adjacent centering mechanisms are abutted with each other to form the arc-shaped adjusting surface.

3. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 2, wherein the gearwheel has a first end face and a second end face which are oppositely arranged, the coaxial rotatable cover of the first end face is provided with a first end cover, the coaxial rotatable cover of the second end face is provided with a second end cover, the first end cover is axially and limitedly connected with the first end face through a first pin, the second end cover is axially and limitedly connected with the second end face through a second pin, the centering mechanism comprises a first shifting plate, a second shifting plate and a wedge block assembly positioned between the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate, the far ends of the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate are used as connecting ends which are arranged in an arc shape, the wedge block assembly comprises a first connecting block connected with the inner wall of the gearwheel and a second connecting block connected with the first connecting block, and two side walls of the second connecting block are provided with wedge-shaped surfaces which are abutted against the first shifting plate and the second shifting plate on the two corresponding sides.

4. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 3, wherein the main wrench assembly comprises a main wrench connecting seat, a clamping wrench and a roller shaft rotatably mounted on one end of the main wrench connecting seat facing the arc-shaped adjusting surface, the limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of limiting blocks, each limiting block is arranged between adjacent main wrench assemblies, the limiting blocks are provided with limiting surfaces for limiting the main wrench assemblies to slide along the radial direction, the limiting blocks are connected with the first end cover and the second end cover through connecting columns, and a plurality of tooth blocks are embedded in one end of the clamping wrench for clamping a coupling.

5. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 3, wherein said screwing mechanism comprises a main wrench holder, said main wrench holder comprises a first panel and a second panel which are oppositely arranged and connected through a side plate, the upper ends of said first panel and said second panel are annular plates, said first panel, said second panel and said side plate enclose a U-shaped slot for mounting said wrench member at the upper ends, the lower end of said screwing mechanism is provided with a transmission assembly, said transmission assembly comprises a driving device mounted on said first panel and a gear transmission assembly in transmission connection with the driving shaft of said driving device, and said gearwheel is in meshing transmission connection with the output gear of said gear transmission assembly.

6. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of centering assemblies arranged along the circumferential direction are respectively arranged on the first face plate and the second face plate, steps matched with the centering assemblies are arranged on the first end face and the second end face, each centering assembly comprises a centering shaft arranged on the corresponding face plate, the centering shaft is sequentially and rotatably provided with a gasket and a centering wheel towards one end of the gearwheel along the direction of the progressive gearwheel, each step comprises a first step face, a second step face and a connecting face connecting the first step face and the second step face, the end face of the gasket is abutted against the connecting face, the outer surface of the gasket is in rolling connection with the second step face, and the outer surface of the centering wheel is in rolling connection with the first step face.

7. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 2, wherein a support member is further provided at an end of said housing facing away from said screwing mechanism, said back-up wrench mechanism is slidably provided between said screwing mechanism and said support member, each of said clamping members comprises a clamping cylinder, and a meeting point of extension lines of clamping ends of said clamping cylinder is concentrically provided with said bull gear.

8. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 1, wherein the back-up tong mechanism comprises a main back-up tong bracket and a secondary back-up tong bracket mounted on the main back-up tong bracket, the clamping assembly is mounted on the main back-up tong bracket, the secondary back-up tong bracket is further provided with a floating mechanism corresponding to the clamping assembly one by one, the floating mechanism comprises a first connecting rod mounted on the main back-up tong bracket, a second connecting rod arranged in parallel with the first connecting rod and mounted on the secondary back-up tong bracket, a first guide rod mounted on the first connecting rod, a second guide rod mounted on the second connecting rod, and a spring sleeved on the first guide rod and the second guide rod, a first retainer ring is arranged at one end of the first guide rod close to the first connecting rod, and a second retainer ring is sleeved at one end of the second guide rod close to the second connecting rod, one end of the spring acts on the first retaining ring, and the other end of the spring acts on the second retaining ring.

9. The coupling centering screwing device according to claim 7, wherein the supporting component comprises an adjusting nut installed on the rack, an adjusting screw longitudinally arranged in the adjusting nut and in threaded connection with the adjusting nut, and a V-shaped roller installed at the upper end of the adjusting screw and used for supporting the steel pipe, a handle used for driving the adjusting screw to rotate is arranged on the adjusting screw, and the handle drives the V-shaped roller to lift and lower so as to enable the axis of the steel pipe on the V-shaped roller to be collinear with the axis of the bull gear.

10. The coupling centering screw according to claim 5, wherein a winding drum is provided on said first end surface, the first panel is provided with brake components matched with the winding drum, the brake components comprise a first brake mechanism and a second brake mechanism which are uniformly arranged on the first panel along the circumferential direction and are sequentially connected end to end, each brake mechanism comprises a brake base arranged on the second end cover, a screw rod in threaded connection with the brake base and a brake band matched with the bending shape of the winding drum, one end of a brake band of the first brake mechanism is connected with a screw rod of the first brake mechanism, the other end of the brake band of the first brake mechanism is connected with a brake seat of the second brake mechanism, one end of a brake band of the second brake mechanism is connected with a screw of the second brake mechanism, the other end of the brake band is connected with a brake seat of the first brake mechanism, and the far end of each screw is locked by a nut matched with the screw.

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