CN216145313U - Mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experiment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experiment device which comprises a support (2), a support (3), a simply supported beam (5), a movable sliding block (6), a contact type vibration exciter (7), an eccentric vibration exciting motor (9), a movable heavy object trolley (11) and the like. The improved design scheme is provided for the problems that the existing vibration test bench in a laboratory is single in function, low in software and hardware integrating degree and the like. The original defects are overcome, and meanwhile, a dynamic load applying device with adjustable speed is added by utilizing the single chip microcomputer technology. The proper vibration excitation device, the measurement acquisition equipment and the computer analysis software are selected, hardware and software are integrated to form a complete test system, the whole process from test acquisition to automatic analysis to result obtaining can be realized, and the requirements of various specialties and various personalized vibration tests are met.

Description

Mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experiment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration, in particular to a mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experimental device.

Background

The vibration test bench is necessary equipment for course experiments of mechanical test technology, is mainly used for testing the natural frequency and the damping ratio of a structure and carrying out modal analysis, and simultaneously has the functions of carrying out vibration test, data acquisition and signal analysis of various structural beams by using the system and finishing the vibration isolation and vibration reduction related experiments of the system. The vibration test bench is used for carrying out model experiments, so that the dynamic characteristics of the engineering structure in reality can be conveniently researched, and the vibration test bench plays a guiding role in the practical structure. Such as: obtaining the natural frequency and the damping ratio of the structure to avoid the resonance of the structure; obtaining the vibration mode of the structure, determining the reasonable installation position of the component and reinforcing the serious vibration position; judging whether the structure is damaged or not by analyzing the dynamic parameters; and performing a vibration reduction experiment to provide a basis for the structural vibration reduction design.

The device aims to solve the problems that the existing vibration test teaching equipment cannot meet the dynamic load experiment requirement, and is single in function, high in price and the like. In addition to various static loads, there are also various moving loads with more complicated situations, such as: the dynamic loads of automobiles and pedestrians can also affect the natural frequency of the beam. For the safety of the bridge structure, the dynamic loads are not negligible, so that the model can be closer to reality by introducing the dynamic loads in the vibration experiment of the beam, and a more accurate guiding significance is achieved. The existing defects are solved by improving the design, and some personalized innovative experiments are further developed, so that the vibration testing device can be used for teaching experiments and open experiments of multi-professional vibration testing related courses, and can also be used for scientific researches of doctors and teachers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a mechanical vibration multifunctional experiment teaching device which comprises a main body, wherein the main body comprises a support, a simply supported beam, a movable sliding block, a contact type vibration exciter, an eccentric vibration excitation motor, a pulley frame, a nylon wire, an air damper and a movable heavy object trolley.

Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the movable heavy object trolley are respectively connected with the motor and the heavy object through nylon wires through pulleys, and the rotation of the motor is converted into the horizontal linear movement of the trolley through the nylon wires and the pulleys.

Furthermore, the trolley is powered by a direct current speed reducing motor, the rated voltage of the motor is 12V, and the motor is provided by a programmable direct current power supply. When the motor rotates forwards, the nylon wire is always kept in a tensioned state by the heavy object depending on the dead weight, so that the power of the motor is well transmitted; when the motor rotates reversely, the heavy object drives the trolley to move reversely, and automatic return is realized.

Further, collecting, testing and analyzing software: the system is based on vibration analysis teaching software, is used for analyzing and processing data obtained by a dynamic data acquisition unit, comprises basic platform software, a frequency spectrum analysis module, a frequency response analysis module and a digital filtering module, and can be used for oscillography, spectrum analysis and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experiment device is designed, and mainly comprises a support 2, a support 3, a simply supported beam 5, a movable sliding block 6, a contact vibration exciter 7, an eccentric vibration exciting motor 9 and other parts, a movable heavy object trolley 11 is additionally arranged, a single chip microcomputer technology is utilized, a movable load applying device with adjustable speed is added, and a dynamic vibration simulation experiment except a static state is realized. The weight is placed on the top of the small heavy car, the cake-shaped weight is provided with a groove, a screw at the top of the small car is inserted through the groove and is fixed with the small car through a nut; the heavy trolley moves on the beam through the four small wheels, the side wall of the trolley extends downwards to realize half-surrounding of the beam, the left and right deflection of the trolley during movement is avoided, and the movement track of the trolley is limited to be a straight line along the beam; meanwhile, 4 small pulleys are arranged on the side wall, so that sliding friction possibly generated between the side wall and the beam is changed into rolling friction, and unnecessary resistance loss in the moving process of the trolley is reduced. The two ends of the simply supported beam are both restrained and placed in the U-shaped supporting blocks on the supports at the two sides, so that the horizontal and vertical movement of the simply supported beam is limited, but the beam end can freely rotate; the mounting mode adopts that two ends are supported by jackscrews, so that the beam can only rotate but can not move up and down. The simulation beam is clamped on the supports at the two sides, a signal generated by the signal generator is amplified by the power amplifier and then is transmitted to the force hammer or the vibration exciter, and a transient or periodic excitation signal is generated according to the experimental requirement and acts on the beam; the dynamic data collector is connected with the sensor and is used for collecting vibration signals generated after the beam is excited, processing the vibration signals and transmitting the processed vibration signals to the computer; the computer analyzes the vibration signal of the beam through software to obtain the dynamic characteristic parameters (the natural frequency, the damping ratio and the like of each order) of the beam, and can obtain the vibration type animation of each order of the beam through modal analysis software. And data acquisition and analysis of static and dynamic experiments are realized.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: (1) the built vibration test system comprises a test bench part, a motor control part, a signal generation and acquisition part and a computer software processing part, the whole test system highly integrates all the parts, and results are obtained from experiment development to software analysis, so that multifunctional integration is realized. (2) The test system can meet the requirements of multi-professional experiments, the cost performance is high, and the equipment can meet more individual experiment requirements due to the innovative addition of the dynamic load applying device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical vibration multifunctional experimental teaching device of the present invention

In the figure: the device comprises a loop weight 1, a support 2, a support 3, a loop end wheel sliding frame 4, a simply supported beam 5, a movable sliding block 6, a contact type vibration exciter 7, a nylon wire 8, an eccentric vibration exciter 9, an air damper 10, a movable weight trolley 11, a U-shaped supporting block 12, a power end pulley frame 13 and a fastening screw 14.

FIG. 2 is a physical diagram of the weight moving trolley of the device

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the experimental apparatus

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model discloses a mechanical vibration multifunctional teaching experimental device, which comprises a main body support, a bracket, a simply supported beam, a movable slide block, a contact type vibration exciter, an eccentric vibration excitation motor, a movable heavy object trolley and the like. The front end and the rear end of the movable weight trolley are respectively connected with the motor and the weight through nylon wires and pulleys, the nylon wires and the pulleys convert the rotation of the motor into the horizontal linear movement of the trolley, and particularly the movement is carried out on a simulation bridge formed by combining a support, a support and a simply supported beam. The trolley is powered by a direct current speed reducing motor, the rated voltage of the motor is 12V, and the motor is provided by a programmable direct current power supply. When the motor rotates forwards, the nylon wire is always kept in a tensioned state by the heavy object depending on the dead weight, so that the power of the motor is well transmitted; when the motor rotates reversely, the heavy object drives the trolley to move reversely, so that automatic return is realized; the transition of low, medium and high speed can be realized during the moving process. In dynamic data acquisition, information is automatically acquired from sensors (displacement, velocity, acceleration, etc.) and other devices under test. Data acquisition is generally required during the operation of the structure action, and acquisition points are generally positions with larger static test values and more critical positions. The input and output data are measured by the high-speed counter, the torque of the input and output shafts is measured by the sensor, and the measured data information is uploaded to the computer. And the analysis of the signals is completed by the analysis software on the computer, and the dynamic characteristics of the beam are obtained.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional teaching experiment device of mechanical vibration, characterized by: the support (2) is connected with the bracket (3), and a vibration exciter (7) and an eccentric vibration exciting motor (9) are arranged on the support (2) and used for exciting the device; the support (3) is connected with a simply supported beam (5), and a movable sliding block (6) and a heavy object trolley (11) are mounted on the simply supported beam (5); the heavy object is placed on the roof of a movable heavy object trolley (11), the cake-shaped heavy object is provided with a groove, a screw at the top of the trolley is inserted through the groove, and the cake-shaped heavy object is fixed with the trolley through a nut; the weight trolley moves on the beam through four small wheels, and the side wall of the trolley extends downwards; both ends of the simply supported beam (5) are restrained and are placed in the U-shaped supporting blocks on the supports at both sides, so that the horizontal and vertical movement of the simply supported beam is limited, but the beam end can rotate freely; the simple supporting beam is mounted in a mode that two ends of the simple supporting beam are supported by jackscrews.

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