CN216137854U - Modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching equipment - Google Patents
Modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching device comprises a screening and washing module, a multi-stage screening and washing unit, a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit which are sequentially connected, wherein a filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the multi-stage screening and washing unit through a filtrate recycling processing unit; the reinforced elution module comprises a comprehensive processing unit and a mud-water separation unit, wherein the mud output end of the comprehensive processing unit is connected to the mud-water separation unit, and the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the comprehensive processing unit. The screening washing module and the enhanced elution module are independently arranged, and the screening washing module or the enhanced elution module can be flexibly and respectively and independently operated and processed or simultaneously operated and processed according to the particle size distribution condition of the polluted soil and the final treatment mode of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and relates to modular dual-cycle heavy metal polluted soil leaching equipment.
Background
The heavy metal soil leaching and repairing technology is a technology for separating heavy pollution components in soil or removing heavy metals after the heavy metals are transferred from the soil to a liquid phase by means of physical separation or chemical leaching and the like and by using water or a proper leaching agent. Different from a solidification and stabilization method, heavy metal pollutants can be thoroughly removed from soil by leaching remediation, the high-concentration polluted soil can be treated in a short time, and the remediated soil can be reused, so that the method becomes one of the hot development directions of the research of the remediation technology of the heavy metal polluted soil.
The difference of soil quality in different areas of China is large, and the texture and the particle size distribution of polluted soil are key factors influencing the selection of the soil leaching remediation process and the remediation cost. According to the existing research, the heavy metal pollutants are mainly concentrated on the finer soil particles and are difficult to elute by clear water; the contaminants in the rag and coarse soil are less concentrated and more easily eluted out. For soil with high fine particle content (> 25%), the traditional leaching technology is not ideal in repairing effect, and the repairing cost is not controllable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a leaching remediation technology suitable for different soil qualities, particle size distributions and different heavy metal pollution concentrations in China.
The existing conventional leaching system sets soil screening and chemical leaching as a whole, patent 204620627U, CN 104889150B and the like return chemical leacheate or acidic water to screening equipment at the front end of the system, the leacheate circulates in the whole system, the water consumption and the medicament dosage are large, and the chemical leacheate is easy to cause corrosion of the screening equipment at the front section. In addition, the selectivity of the remediation treatment of the soil with different particle sizes is low, the investment and operation maintenance cost is high, and the occupied area is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching equipment, which adopts a flexible modular combined treatment mode according to different soil properties and pollution characteristics, combines soil reduction and washing liquid recycling, and solves the problems of lack of wide applicability, poor repairing effect, high repairing cost and the like of the existing soil heavy metal leaching technology.
In order to achieve the aim, the utility model provides modular dual-cycle heavy metal polluted soil leaching equipment, which comprises a screening and washing module and an enhanced elution module;
the screening and washing module comprises a multi-stage screening and washing unit, a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the multi-stage screening and washing unit through a filtrate recycling treatment unit;
the reinforced elution module comprises a comprehensive treatment unit and a mud-water separation unit which have the functions of chemical elution, coagulating sedimentation and leacheate recycling treatment, wherein the mud output end of the comprehensive treatment unit is connected to the mud-water separation unit, and the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the comprehensive treatment unit;
and the soil output end of the mud-water separation unit of the screening and washing module is connected to the input end of the comprehensive treatment unit of the reinforced elution module.
Further, the multistage screening washing unit of screening washing module includes drum sieve, shale shaker and hydrocyclone, the front end of screening washing module sets up the rubbing crusher, and drum sieve, shale shaker and hydrocyclone all set up feed inlet, coarse grain soil bin outlet and mud bin outlet, the mud bin outlet of drum sieve with the shale shaker feed inlet is connected, the mud bin outlet of shale shaker with the hydrocyclone feed inlet is connected, and clean coarse grain soil after wet screening washing is discharged by coarse grain soil bin outlet in order to be equipped with follow-up the detection, and the fine particle mud of pollution is discharged by the mud bin outlet, finally discharges into the coagulating sedimentation unit through the slush pump.
Furthermore, the coagulating sedimentation unit of the screening and washing module is a vertical slurry concentration tank, a pipeline dosing mixer is arranged at a slurry inlet of the slurry concentration tank, alkali and coagulant are added into the slurry tank, an overflow port is formed in the upper layer of the slurry tank, the slurry tank is directly connected with a filtrate treatment tank through a transparent pipeline, supernatant liquor can be recycled after overflowing, and a bottom hopper is connected to the mud-water separation unit through a mud pump.
Furthermore, the mud-water separation unit of the screening and washing module is a plate-frame or belt filter press, the plate-frame or belt filter press is provided with a discharge port for discharging the filter-pressed polluted fine-particle mud cakes, and a filtrate discharge port is arranged to be connected to a filtrate recycling treatment unit.
Further, the filtrating retrieval and utilization processing unit of screening washing module is filtrating processing jar, and the input of filtrating processing jar is connected the filtrating export of sheet frame or belt filter press and the overflow mouth of vertical mud concentration jar, and the output of filtrating processing jar is connected to the drum sieve.
Furthermore, the comprehensive treatment unit of the enhanced elution module comprises a chemical elution bin, a coagulating sedimentation bin and a waste liquid treatment bin, wherein a mud cake crusher is arranged on the chemical elution bin, a fine-particle mud cake containing pollutants is crushed and enters the chemical elution bin, elution slurry is pumped into the coagulating sedimentation bin, after coagulating sedimentation, bottom sediment soil is discharged into a mud-water separation unit, and top clear elution waste liquid overflows to the waste liquid treatment bin.
Furthermore, three sections of horizontal stirrers are arranged inside the chemical elution bin, so that soil particles are prevented from being accumulated at the bottom.
Furthermore, the mud-water separation unit of the reinforced elution module is a plate-and-frame filter press, the plate-and-frame filter press is provided with a discharge port for discharging clean fine-particle mud cakes or heavy metal sludge after filter pressing, and a filtrate discharge port is connected to the comprehensive treatment unit.
After the heavy metal contaminated soil is subjected to crushing pretreatment, the heavy metal contaminated soil is subjected to multistage wet screening, while the coarse particle soil is continuously separated, clear water is used as a washing solution for spraying to obtain clean coarse particle soil, fine particle slurry passes through a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit, supernatant of the coagulating sedimentation unit and filtrate after mud-water separation are treated and recycled by the washing solution and can return to the multistage screening washing unit for recycling, and fine particle mud cakes with more heavy metal pollutants enter a reinforced elution module; in the comprehensive treatment unit, fine particle mud cakes containing pollutants are crushed and enter a chemical elution bin, elution slurry is pumped into a coagulating sedimentation bin, after coagulating sedimentation, bottom precipitated soil is discharged into a mud-water separation unit, clear elution waste liquid at the top overflows to a waste liquid treatment bin for treatment, the waste liquid discharged by filter pressing of the mud-water separation unit is pumped into a waste liquid treatment bin for treatment at the same time, and treated eluent returns to the chemical elution bin, so that the cyclic utilization of the eluent of the enhanced elution module is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the screening washing module and the intensified elution module are independently arranged, and the screening washing module or the intensified elution module can be flexibly and respectively and independently operated and processed or the screening washing module and the intensified elution module can be simultaneously operated and processed according to the particle size distribution condition of the polluted soil and the final treatment mode of the soil; the screening and washing module can separate coarse particles containing a small amount of pollutants to reduce the polluted soil, and the washing liquid is clear water; the enhanced elution module can carry out synergistic elution on the fine particles with high heavy metal content by using chemical eluent to remove pollutants; the physical decrement of the screening and washing module on the broken stone blocks and the coarse-grained soil reduces the treatment capacity of a subsequent module, so that the use amount of chemical leacheate is reduced; the washing liquid of the screening washing module and the washing liquid of the reinforced elution module are independently circulated in the two modules respectively, and can be directly recycled after being treated, so that the use amount of clear water and leaching agent is reduced, and meanwhile, the double circulation system avoids the corrosion of the chemical leaching liquid to the screening washing module; the reinforced elution module integrates chemical elution, coagulating sedimentation and leacheate recycling treatment in a comprehensive treatment unit, and adopts a three-bin integrated design, so that the process flow is simple and the arrangement is compact; the system is suitable for the soil with different particle size distributions and different heavy metal pollution concentrations, and reduces investment and operation and maintenance costs while achieving the aim of soil treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the modular dual cycle heavy metal contaminated soil washing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an enhanced elution module comprehensive treatment unit of the modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching device of the present invention.
The main reference symbols in the drawings are explained below.
1. A screening and washing module; 11. a crusher; 12. a drum screen; 13. vibrating screen; 14. a hydrocyclone; 15. a slurry concentration tank; 16. a belt filter press; 17. a filtrate treatment tank; 2: an enhanced elution module; 21. a comprehensive processing unit; 22. a plate-and-frame filter press; 211. a mud cake crusher; 212. a chemical elution bin; 213. a coagulating sedimentation bin; 214. a waste liquid treatment bin; 215. a horizontal stirrer; 216. a vertical stirrer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching device comprises a screening and washing module and an enhanced elution module which are independently arranged.
The screening and washing module 1 comprises a multistage screening and washing unit, a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the multistage screening and washing unit through a filtrate recycling treatment unit;
the reinforced elution module 2 comprises a comprehensive treatment unit and a mud-water separation unit which have the functions of chemical elution, coagulating sedimentation and leacheate recycling treatment, wherein the mud output end of the comprehensive treatment unit is connected to the mud-water separation unit, and the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the comprehensive treatment unit;
and the soil output end of the mud-water separation unit of the screening and washing module is connected to the input end of the comprehensive treatment unit of the reinforced elution module.
The screening and washing system comprises a multistage screening and washing unit in a screening and washing module, wherein a crusher 11 is arranged at the front end of the screening and washing module, the multistage screening and washing unit comprises a drum screen 12, a vibrating screen 13 and a hydrocyclone 14 which are used in a combined mode, the screening grade and the screen mesh number can be set according to the particle size distribution condition of polluted soil, and washing liquid is clean water; detecting the washed coarse particles, and if the detection does not reach the standard, adding washing equipment to deeply wash the screened coarse particle soil;
the coagulation and precipitation unit in the screening and washing module is a slurry concentration tank 15, coagulant and alkali are required to be added into the fine particle slurry to concentrate the slurry, and heavy metal pollutants in the clear water washing liquid are precipitated;
the mud-water separation unit in the screening and washing module is one of a plate-and-frame filter press 16, and fine particle mud cakes containing pollutants are obtained from the precipitated and concentrated mud by adopting the plate-and-frame filter press;
the washing liquid treatment and recycling unit in the screening and washing module is a filtrate treatment tank 17, and the filtrate after mud-water separation and the supernatant of the slurry concentration tank are recycled as washing liquid after being filtered by quartz sand and filtered by activated carbon.
The comprehensive treatment unit 21 in the enhanced elution module comprises a chemical elution bin 212, a coagulating sedimentation bin 213 and a waste liquid treatment bin 214, and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, organic acids such as citric acid, chelating agents such as EDTA, and surfactants such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate can be selected as heavy metal leaching agents according to the types of heavy metal pollutants in soil. A mud cake crusher 211 is arranged on the chemical elution bin 212, a horizontal stirrer 215 is arranged in the chemical elution bin 212, fine-particle mud cakes containing pollutants enter the chemical elution bin 212 after being crushed by the mud cake crusher 211, elution slurry is pumped into a coagulating sedimentation bin 213, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the coagulating sedimentation bin 213, an overflow port is arranged at the upper part of the coagulating sedimentation bin, after the coagulation sedimentation of the elution slurry, bottom sedimentation soil is discharged into a mud-water separation unit through the discharge port, and top clarifying waste liquid overflows to a waste liquid treatment bin. Three sections of horizontal stirrers are arranged in the chemical elution bin, so that soil particles are prevented from being accumulated at the bottom.
The mud-water separation unit in the enhanced elution module is a plate-and-frame filter press 22, and the fine-particle soil slurry after coagulating sedimentation is subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain a clean fine-particle mud cake; the plate-and-frame filter press is provided with a discharge port for discharging clean fine-particle mud cakes or heavy metal sludge after filter pressing, and a filtrate discharge port connected to a waste liquid treatment bin 214 of the comprehensive treatment unit.
Example 1
Aiming at the polluted soil with the coarse grain ratio of more than 75% and without backfill requirements, the specific process flow is as follows: after the heavy metal contaminated soil is subjected to crushing pretreatment, the heavy metal contaminated soil passes through the multistage wet screening unit, while the coarse particle soil is continuously separated, clear water is used as washing liquid for spraying to obtain clean coarse particle soil, fine particle mud passes through the coagulating sedimentation unit and the mud-water separation unit, supernatant of the coagulating sedimentation unit and filtrate after mud-water separation can be recycled to the multistage screening washing unit through washing liquid treatment, and fine particle mud cakes with more heavy metal pollutants are collected and treated as hazardous waste.
The multi-stage screening washing unit in the screening washing module can set the screening stage number and the screen mesh number according to the particle size distribution condition of the polluted soil, and selects a wet vibrating screen, a linear dewatering screen or a combination of a hydrocyclone for use, wherein the washing liquid is clear water; and (3) detecting the washed coarse particles, and if the detection does not reach the standard, adding washing equipment to deeply wash the screened coarse particle soil. In this example, only 2-stage wet vibratory screening was provided.
In the coagulation and precipitation unit in the screening and washing module, coagulant and alkali are required to be added into the fine particle slurry to concentrate the slurry, and heavy metal pollutants in the clear water washing liquid are precipitated. In this example, PAM and PAC were used as coagulants, and caustic soda flakes were used to precipitate heavy metals.
And a mud-water separation unit in the screening and washing module is used for obtaining fine particle mud cakes containing pollutants from the precipitated and concentrated mud by adopting a plate-and-frame or belt filter press. In this example, mud-water separation was performed by a belt filter press.
And a washing liquid treatment and recycling unit in the screening and washing module is used for recycling the filtrate obtained after mud-water separation and the supernatant of the slurry concentration tank as washing liquid after quartz sand filtration and activated carbon filtration.
Example 2
Specific process flows for the polluted soil with 90% of a certain fine particle percentage are as follows: the method comprises the steps of crushing and pretreating polluted soil, enabling the polluted soil to enter a comprehensive treatment unit in an enhanced elution module, washing the polluted soil by chemical leacheate, washing heavy metal pollutants out of the soil, enabling slurry to enter a mud-water separation unit through coagulating sedimentation, performing filter pressing to obtain clean fine-particle soil, and treating the leached leacheate for recycling to the comprehensive treatment unit.
The comprehensive treatment unit in the enhanced elution module can select inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, organic acid such as citric acid, chelating agent such as EDTA, and surfactant such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as heavy metal leaching agents according to the type of heavy metal pollutants in soil. In this example, EDTA was used as the elution reagent.
And in the comprehensive treatment unit in the enhanced elution module, coagulant is required to be added into the washed fine-particle soil slurry to precipitate and concentrate the slurry. In this example, PAM and PAC were used as the coagulants.
And the sludge-water separation unit in the enhanced elution module is used for performing plate-frame filter pressing on the fine-particle soil slurry after coagulating sedimentation to obtain a clean fine-particle sludge cake, and the filtrate can be returned to the comprehensive treatment unit for recycling.
And in the recycling treatment stage of the leacheate of the comprehensive treatment unit in the elution module, the coagulating sedimentation supernatant and the plate-and-frame filtrate flow to a wastewater treatment bin of the comprehensive treatment unit, and the heavy metal in the leacheate is precipitated to realize the regeneration of the medicament by adding a heavy metal trapping agent, so that the leacheate is recycled. When the heavy metal deposition in the wastewater treatment bin is accumulated to 50% of the bin volume, the heavy metal deposition is discharged into a mud-water separation unit, and the heavy metal deposition is treated as hazardous waste after filter pressing.
Example 3
Specific technological processes for polluted soil with a certain fine particle content of more than 25% are as follows: after the polluted soil is subjected to crushing pretreatment, the polluted soil passes through a multistage wet screening unit, while the coarse-particle soil is continuously separated, clear water is used as washing liquid for spraying to obtain clean coarse-particle soil, fine-particle slurry passes through a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit, supernatant of the coagulating sedimentation unit and filtrate after mud-water separation can return to the multistage screening washing unit for recycling through a washing liquid recycling treatment unit, and fine-particle slurry cakes with more heavy metal pollutants enter a reinforced elution module.
Crushing the fine particle mud cakes containing pollutants, feeding the crushed fine particle mud cakes into a comprehensive treatment unit, discharging concentrated slurry into a mud-water separation unit after chemical elution and coagulating sedimentation stages, performing filter pressing to obtain clean fine particle soil, allowing coagulating sedimentation supernatant and filtrate to flow into a wastewater treatment bin of the comprehensive treatment unit, and adding a heavy metal trapping agent to precipitate heavy metals in the leacheate to realize medicament regeneration and recycle of the leacheate.
The multi-stage screening washing unit in the screening washing module can set the screening stage number and the screen mesh number according to the particle size distribution condition of the polluted soil, and selects a wet vibrating screen, a linear dewatering screen or a combination of a hydrocyclone for use, wherein the washing liquid is clear water; and (3) detecting the washed coarse particles, and if the detection does not reach the standard, adding washing equipment to deeply wash the screened coarse particle soil. In this embodiment, 2-stage wet vibratory screening is provided, and is combined with 2 hydrocyclones for use.
In the coagulation and precipitation unit in the screening and washing module, coagulant and alkali are required to be added into the fine particle slurry to concentrate the slurry, and heavy metal pollutants in the clear water washing liquid are precipitated. In this example, PAM and PAC were used as coagulants, and caustic soda flakes were used to precipitate heavy metals.
And a mud-water separation unit in the screening and washing module is used for obtaining fine particle mud cakes containing pollutants from the precipitated and concentrated mud by adopting a plate-and-frame or belt filter press. In this example, mud-water separation was performed by a belt filter press.
And a washing liquid treatment and recycling unit in the screening and washing module is used for recycling the filtrate obtained after mud-water separation and the supernatant of the slurry concentration tank as washing liquid after quartz sand filtration and activated carbon filtration.
In the chemical elution stage, the comprehensive treatment unit in the enhanced elution module can select inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, organic acid such as citric acid, chelating agent such as EDTA, and surfactant such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as heavy metal leaching agents according to the types of heavy metal pollutants in soil. In this example, citric acid was used as the rinsing agent.
And in the coagulating sedimentation stage, a coagulant is added into the washed fine-particle soil slurry by the comprehensive treatment unit in the enhanced elution module, the slurry is slowly stirred for 1 hour, and then the slurry is precipitated, concentrated and discharged for mud-water separation. In this example, PAM and PAC were used as the coagulants.
And the sludge-water separation unit in the enhanced elution module performs plate-frame filter pressing on the precipitated and concentrated slurry to obtain a clean fine-particle sludge cake, and the filtrate can be returned to the comprehensive treatment unit for recycling.
And in the recycling treatment stage of the leacheate of the comprehensive treatment unit in the enhanced elution module, the coagulating sedimentation supernatant and the filtrate flow to a wastewater treatment bin of the comprehensive treatment unit, and the heavy metal capturing agent is added to precipitate the heavy metals in the leacheate to realize the regeneration of the agent, so that the leacheate is recycled. When the heavy metal deposition in the wastewater treatment bin is accumulated to 50% of the bin volume, the heavy metal deposition is discharged into a mud-water separation unit, the heavy metal deposition is treated as hazardous waste after filter pressing, and the leacheate is recycled to the comprehensive treatment unit.
Claims (8)
1. A modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching device is characterized in that the system comprises a screening and washing module and an enhanced elution module;
the screening and washing module comprises a multi-stage screening and washing unit, a coagulating sedimentation unit and a mud-water separation unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the multi-stage screening and washing unit through a filtrate recycling treatment unit;
the reinforced elution module comprises a comprehensive processing unit and a mud-water separation unit, wherein the mud output end of the comprehensive processing unit is connected to the mud-water separation unit, and the filtrate output end of the mud-water separation unit is connected to the comprehensive processing unit;
and the soil output end of the mud-water separation unit of the screening and washing module is connected to the input end of the comprehensive treatment unit of the reinforced elution module.
2. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage screening and washing unit of the screening and washing module comprises a rotary screen, a vibrating screen and a hydrocyclone, a crusher is arranged at the front end of the screening and washing module, the rotary screen, the vibrating screen and the hydrocyclone are respectively provided with a feeding hole, a coarse particle soil discharging hole and a mud discharging hole, the mud discharging hole of the rotary screen is connected with the feeding hole of the vibrating screen, and the mud discharging hole of the vibrating screen is connected with the feeding hole of the hydrocyclone.
3. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the coagulation precipitation unit of the screening and washing module is a vertical slurry concentration tank, and a pipeline dosing mixer is provided at a slurry inlet of the slurry concentration tank for adding alkali and coagulant into the slurry tank; an overflow port is arranged on the upper layer of the vertical slurry concentration tank, the vertical slurry concentration tank is directly connected with the filtrate treatment tank through a transparent pipeline, and a bottom hopper is connected to the mud-water separation unit through a slurry pump.
4. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud-water separation unit of the screening and washing module is a plate-frame or belt filter press, the plate-frame or belt filter press is provided with a discharge port for discharging the filter-pressed contaminated fine particle mud cake, and a filtrate discharge port is connected to the filtrate recycling treatment unit.
5. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the filtrate recycling treatment unit of the screening and washing module is a filtrate treatment tank, an input end of the filtrate treatment tank is connected to a filtrate outlet of a plate-and-frame or belt filter press and an overflow port of a vertical mud concentration tank, and an output end of the filtrate treatment tank is connected to the rotary screen.
6. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the integrated treatment unit of the enhanced elution module comprises a chemical elution chamber, a coagulation sedimentation chamber and a waste liquid treatment chamber.
7. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus according to claim 6, wherein three sections of horizontal stirrers are arranged inside the chemical elution bin to prevent soil particles from accumulating at the bottom.
8. The modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud-water separation unit of the enhanced elution module is a plate-and-frame filter press, the plate-and-frame filter press is provided with a discharge port for discharging clean fine-particle mud cake or heavy metal sludge after filter pressing, and a filtrate discharge port is connected to the comprehensive treatment unit.
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| CN202121688901.6U CN216137854U (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Modular dual-cycle heavy metal contaminated soil leaching equipment |
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