CN216120390U - Fuel cell anode purging device - Google Patents
Fuel cell anode purging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216120390U CN216120390U CN202121827376.1U CN202121827376U CN216120390U CN 216120390 U CN216120390 U CN 216120390U CN 202121827376 U CN202121827376 U CN 202121827376U CN 216120390 U CN216120390 U CN 216120390U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell anode purging device, which comprises a hydrogen supply module, a galvanic pile, a three-way valve I, a gas-water separator, a three-way valve II, a dryer, a hydrogen circulating pump and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the hydrogen supply module is connected with the galvanic pile; the gas outlet of the hydrogen supply module is communicated to the anode inlet of the pile; an inlet a of the three-way valve I is communicated with an anode outlet of the galvanic pile, an outlet b is communicated with an inlet of the dryer, and an outlet c is communicated with an inlet of the gas-water separator; and the d inlet of the three-way valve II is communicated with the gas outlet of the gas-water separator, the e inlet is communicated with the outlet of the dryer, the f outlet is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump is communicated with the anode inlet of the galvanic pile. Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses the gas-water separator to separate and discharge liquid water, uses the dryer to adsorb gaseous water, avoids the liquid water and gaseous water remained on the anode, ensures the service life of the galvanic pile, controls the flow direction of hydrogen through the two three-way valves, has small occupied volume, is convenient for integrated arrangement, and is beneficial to popularization and use of a real vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell anode purging device.
Background
The fuel cell, especially the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, produces electric energy and heat energy through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and simultaneously, its resultant is only water, and no other harmful gas is discharged, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is not limited by Carnot circulation, and its electric energy conversion efficiency is greater than 50%. The fuel cell has the advantages of no pollutant discharge, high electric energy conversion efficiency and the like, so that the proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology is more and more applied to passenger cars, light trucks, medium and heavy trucks and other vehicle types.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells require proper moisture to efficiently convert electrical energy, and the conversion efficiency of the fuel cells is adversely affected by too little or excess moisture, so that gases introduced into the fuel cells can be pre-humidified. However, when the operation of the fuel cell is finished, residual moisture inside the fuel cell may affect the life of the pem if the residual moisture blocks the flow channel or condenses into ice at a lower ambient temperature, and may be detrimental to the next restart of the fuel cell. Thus, at the end of the fuel cell operation, the anode needs to be purged to remove liquid water and gaseous water vapor mixed with the hydrogen gas from the anode.
Patent CN110854415A discloses a purging device and a purging method for a fuel cell, which are used for purging an anode and a cathode of a stack respectively after air is deoxidized by a reactor, so as to remove moisture in the stack. However, the drawbacks of this patent are twofold: 1. too many electromagnetic valves and reaction furnaces are not beneficial to the integrated arrangement of the fuel cell system, and are difficult to popularize and apply in practical vehicles; 2. the purging of this patent can only get rid of the inside liquid water of galvanic pile, can't get rid of the gaseous water in the galvanic pile mist.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and providing an anode purge apparatus for a fuel cell.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell anode purging device comprises a hydrogen supply module, a galvanic pile, a three-way valve I, a gas-water separator, a three-way valve II, a dryer, a hydrogen circulating pump and an electromagnetic valve;
the hydrogen supply module is used for supplying hydrogen, an air outlet of the hydrogen supply module is respectively communicated with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is communicated to an anode inlet of the electric pile, and the second branch is communicated to an inlet of the dryer; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second branch and used for switching on and off the second branch;
the three-way valve I comprises an inlet a, an outlet b and an outlet c, the three-way valve II comprises an inlet d, an inlet e and an outlet f, and the gas-water separator comprises an inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet;
an inlet a of the three-way valve I is communicated with an anode outlet of the galvanic pile, an outlet b is communicated with an inlet of the dryer, and an outlet c is communicated with an inlet of the gas-water separator; and the d inlet of the three-way valve II is communicated with a gas outlet of the gas-water separator, the e inlet is communicated with an outlet of the dryer, the f outlet is communicated with a gas inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump, and a gas outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump is communicated with the anode inlet of the first branch or the galvanic pile.
Further, the dryer is a recyclable adsorption dryer.
And the hydrogen gas generator further comprises a controller, and the controller is in communication connection with the galvanic pile, the gas-water separator, the hydrogen circulating pump and the electromagnetic valve.
Furthermore, the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are electric three-way valves, and the three-way valve I and the three-way valve II are both in communication connection with the controller.
Further, the hydrogen supply module comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen pipeline, a pressure reducing valve and a proportional valve, one end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the other end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to the first branch and the second branch, the pressure reducing valve and the proportional valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve and the proportional valve are in communication connection with the controller.
Further, a liquid outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the tail drain through a drain pipe, a drain electromagnetic valve is arranged on the drain pipe and used for switching on and off the drain pipe, and the drain electromagnetic valve is in communication connection with the controller.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) use gas-water separator with liquid water separation and discharge, use the desicator to adsorb gaseous state water, reduce the time of sweeping, avoided the positive pole to remain liquid water and gaseous state water, guaranteed the life-span of galvanic pile, and the flow direction of hydrogen is controlled through two three-way valves, occupies smallly, is convenient for integrate and arranges, is favorable to the real car to use widely.
(2) The desicator is the absorption type desicator, gaseous state water in getting rid of gaseous state water's in-process absorption hydrogen, and adsorption rate is fast, uses dry hydrogen to take away the gaseous state water that adsorbs before the desicator when the pile normal operating, guarantees that the desicator can recycle, can reduce use cost, and is effectual.
(3) The liquid water purging function and the gaseous water purging function are provided, the liquid water purging and the gaseous water purging are combined, and the purging of the anode of the fuel cell can be quickly completed, so that the using amount of hydrogen during purging is reduced, and the utilization rate of the hydrogen is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, 2, relief pressure valve, 3, proportional valve, 4, galvanic pile, 5, gas-water separator, 6, three-way valve I, 7, tail row, 8, drainage solenoid valve, 9, desicator, 10, three-way valve II, 11, hydrogen circulating pump, 12, solenoid valve.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. Parts are exaggerated in the drawing where appropriate for clarity of illustration.
Example 1:
a fuel cell anode purging device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a hydrogen supply module, a galvanic pile 4, a three-way valve I6, a gas-water separator 5, a three-way valve II 10, a dryer 9, a hydrogen circulating pump 11 and an electromagnetic valve 12.
The hydrogen supply module is used for supplying hydrogen, an air outlet of the hydrogen supply module is respectively communicated with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is communicated to an anode inlet of the electric pile 4, and the second branch is communicated to an inlet of the dryer 9; the electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged on the second branch and used for switching on and off the second branch; the three-way valve I6 comprises an inlet a, an outlet b and an outlet c, the three-way valve II 10 comprises an inlet d, an inlet e and an outlet f, and the gas-water separator 5 comprises an inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet; an inlet a of the three-way valve I6 is communicated with an anode outlet of the galvanic pile 4, an outlet b is communicated with an inlet of the dryer 9, and an outlet c is communicated with an inlet of the gas-water separator 5; the inlet d of the three-way valve II 10 is communicated with the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 5, the inlet e is communicated with the outlet of the dryer 9, the outlet f is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump 11, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump 11 is communicated with the anode inlet of the first branch or the electric pile 4.
The dryer 9 is an adsorption type dryer that can be recycled.
The fuel cell anode purging device also comprises a controller which is in communication connection with the hydrogen supply module, the galvanic pile 4, the gas-water separator 5, the hydrogen circulating pump 11 and the electromagnetic valve 12.
The hydrogen supply module comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 1, a hydrogen pipeline, a pressure reducing valve 2 and a proportional valve 3, one end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 1, the other end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to a first branch and a second branch, the pressure reducing valve 2 and the proportional valve 3 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve 2 and the proportional valve 3 are in communication connection with the controller. The liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 5 is connected to the tail drain 7 through a drain pipe, a drain electromagnetic valve 8 is arranged on the drain pipe, the drain electromagnetic valve 8 is used for switching on and off the drain pipe, and the drain electromagnetic valve 8 is in communication connection with the controller. The three-way valve I6 and the three-way valve II 10 are electric three-way valves, and the three-way valve I6 and the three-way valve II 10 are both in communication connection with the controller.
In specific implementation, the pressure reducing valve 2, the proportional valve 3, the galvanic pile 4, the gas-water separator 5, the three-way valve I6, the water drainage electromagnetic valve 8, the three-way valve II 10, the hydrogen circulating pump 11 and the electromagnetic valve 12 can be controlled by the controller according to a pre-written program.
The controller controls the pressure reducing valve 2 and the proportional valve 3 to adjust the hydrogen supply amount, controls the operation of the galvanic pile 4 according to instructions, such as normal operation, shutdown, half-load operation and the like, controls the opening and closing of the gas-water separator 5, the hydrogen circulating pump 11, the water discharge electromagnetic valve 8 and the electromagnetic valve 12, and controls the working states of the three-way valve I6 and the three-way valve II 10, such as the connection of an inlet a and an outlet c of the three-way valve I6, the connection of an inlet d and an outlet f of the three-way valve II 10 and the like.
When the anode purging device of the fuel cell is used for purging the anode of the electric pile 4, liquid water purging, gaseous water purging and drying of the dryer 9 are included.
Liquid water purging as follows:
during operation of the fuel cell, hydrogen reacts with oxygen to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and the product is water, which is generated at the anode and is discharged in time, i.e., liquid water purge is performed.
The hydrogen supply module normally supplies hydrogen, an inlet a and an outlet c of the three-way valve I6 are communicated, and an inlet d and an outlet f of the three-way valve II 10 are communicated;
a passage is formed between the hydrogen supply module- > the galvanic pile 4- > the three-way valve I6- > the gas-water separator 5, liquid separated by the gas-water separator 5 is discharged from a liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 5, and separated gas flows out from a gas outlet of the gas-water separator 5 and flows back to the galvanic pile 4 along an anode inlet of the gas-water separator 5- > the three-way valve II 10- > the hydrogen circulating pump 11- > the galvanic pile 4.
In the working process of the gas-water separator 5, the drainage electromagnetic valve 8 is opened once after a period of time, the liquid water separated in the period of time is discharged to the tail drain 7, then the drainage electromagnetic valve 8 is closed, and the gas-water separator 5 continues to work.
(II) gaseous water purging as follows:
in the prior art, most methods are used for purging liquid water, but the gas water remained in the galvanic pile 4 influences the service life of the galvanic pile 4, so that the purging of the gas water is needed. During shutdown of the fuel cell, liquid water is removed from the anode prior to a gaseous water purge.
A small amount of hydrogen is supplied by the hydrogen supply module, an inlet a and an outlet b of the three-way valve I6 are communicated, and an inlet e and an outlet f of the three-way valve II 10 are communicated;
a passage is formed between the hydrogen supply module- > the electric pile 4- > the three-way valve I6- > the dryer 9, and the gas dried by the dryer 9 flows out from the outlet of the dryer 9 and flows back to the electric pile 4 along the dryer 9- > the three-way valve II 10- > the hydrogen circulating pump 11- > the anode inlet of the electric pile 4.
The drying of the dryer 9 is as follows:
the hydrogen supply module normally supplies hydrogen, the galvanic pile 4 normally runs, an inlet a and an outlet c of the three-way valve I6 are communicated, an inlet d and an inlet e of the three-way valve II 10 are communicated with an outlet f, the electromagnetic valve 12 is opened, the second branch is communicated with the hydrogen supply module, one part of the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply module flows into an anode inlet of the galvanic pile 4 along the first branch, and the other part of the hydrogen flows into the dryer 9 along the second branch;
for hydrogen flowing into the anode inlet of the galvanic pile 4, a passage is formed between the anode outlet of the galvanic pile 4- > the three-way valve I6- > the gas-water separator 5, liquid separated by the gas-water separator 5 is discharged from the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator 5, separated gas flows out from the gas outlet of the gas-water separator 5, and flows back to the galvanic pile 4 along the anode inlet of the galvanic pile 4, the gas-water separator 5- > the three-way valve II 10- > the hydrogen circulating pump 11-;
for the hydrogen flowing into the dryer 9, the hydrogen flows into the electric pile 4 along the dryer 9- > three-way valve II 10- > hydrogen circulating pump 11- > anode inlet of the electric pile 4.
In practice, the purge times for liquid and gaseous water, and the drying time of the dryer 9, may be set according to empirical or experimental measurements.
This application has set up two three-way valves, and three-way valve I6 is the three-way valve of two exports of an entry, and three-way valve II 10 is two entrances one playA ported three-way valve. When the fuel cell is operated, H is discharged from the anode outlet of the stack 42And O, for liquid water, the ports a-c of the three-way valve I6 can be communicated, at the moment, the ports a-b are not communicated, the ports d-f of the three-way valve II 10 are communicated, and the ports e-f are not communicated, so that the liquid water can be separated in the gas-water separator 5, the separated liquid is discharged, and the separated gas flows back to the galvanic pile 4 through the hydrogen circulating pump 11.
If the liquid water is removed, a drier 9 is required because the gas-water separator 5 cannot separate the gaseous water from the hydrogen gas. And the ports a to b of the three-way valve I6 are communicated, the ports a to c are not communicated at the moment, the ports e to f of the three-way valve II 10 are communicated, and the ports de to f are not communicated, so that the hydrogen containing the gaseous water flows into the dryer 9, is dried by the dryer 9 and then flows back to the electric pile 4.
In the prior art, gaseous water is difficult to be separated, and the gaseous water often needs a long time to wait for cooling and produce condensed water, so that the gaseous water is separated out. This application has set up two return circuits, carries out the return circuit through the access & exit of adjustment three-way valve and switches, is equipped with gas-water separator 5 on the return circuit for get rid of liquid water, be equipped with desicator 9 on the return circuit, adopt the adsorption principle to adsorb gaseous state water, greatly improve the drying effect of 4 positive poles of galvanic pile like this, shortened the positive pole time of sweeping.
In the present application, the dryer 9 is an adsorption type dryer that can be recycled. After adsorption of the gaseous water, the dryer 9 will be half saturated or even saturated. Referring to the drying of the dryer 9, when the fuel cell normally works, the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 1 is discharged through the pressure reducing valve 2 and the proportional valve 3, the electromagnetic valve 12 is opened, the dried hydrogen provided by the hydrogen supply module is divided into two paths, one part of the two paths is introduced into the electric pile 4 along the first branch for reaction, then the residual hydrogen is mixed with gaseous water and liquid water, gas-liquid separation is carried out through the gas-water separator 5, liquid is discharged, and the gas returns to the anode inlet of the electric pile 4. The other part of hydrogen that the hydrogen supply module provided lets in desicator 9 along the second branch road, and dry hydrogen is dried the desicator 9 that has adsorbed gaseous state water, takes away the moisture that adsorbs in the desicator 9, and desicator 9 is thoroughly dry after a period of time, can close solenoid valve 12, and when waiting to get rid of gaseous state water next time, desicator 9 comes into use once more.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The fuel cell anode purging device is characterized by comprising a hydrogen supply module, a galvanic pile (4), a three-way valve I (6), a gas-water separator (5), a three-way valve II (10), a dryer (9), a hydrogen circulating pump (11) and an electromagnetic valve (12);
the hydrogen supply module is used for supplying hydrogen, an air outlet of the hydrogen supply module is respectively communicated with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is communicated to an anode inlet of the electric pile (4), and the second branch is communicated to an inlet of the dryer (9); the electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged on the second branch and is used for switching on and off the second branch;
the three-way valve I (6) comprises an inlet a, an outlet b and an outlet c, the three-way valve II (10) comprises an inlet d, an inlet e and an outlet f, and the gas-water separator (5) comprises an inlet, a gas outlet and a liquid outlet;
an inlet a of the three-way valve I (6) is communicated with an anode outlet of the galvanic pile (4), an outlet b is communicated with an inlet of the dryer (9), and an outlet c is communicated with an inlet of the gas-water separator (5); the d inlet of the three-way valve II (10) is communicated with the gas outlet of the gas-water separator (5), the e inlet is communicated with the outlet of the dryer (9), the f outlet is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump (11), and the gas outlet of the hydrogen circulating pump (11) is communicated with the anode inlet of the first branch or the electric pile (4).
2. A fuel cell anode purge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dryer (9) is a reusable adsorption type dryer.
3. The fuel cell anode purging device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller communicatively connected to the stack (4), the gas-water separator (5), the hydrogen circulation pump (11), and the solenoid valve (12).
4. The fuel cell anode purging device according to claim 3, wherein the three-way valve I (6) is an electric three-way valve, and the three-way valve I (6) is in communication with the controller.
5. The fuel cell anode purging device according to claim 3, wherein the three-way valve II (10) is an electric three-way valve, and the three-way valve II (10) is in communication connection with the controller.
6. The fuel cell anode purging device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen supply module comprises a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (1), a hydrogen pipeline, a pressure reducing valve (2) and a proportional valve (3), one end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (1), the other end of the hydrogen pipeline is connected to the first branch and the second branch in a shunting manner, and the pressure reducing valve (2) and the proportional valve (3) are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen pipeline.
7. A fuel cell anode purge apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a controller, wherein the pressure reducing valve (2) and the proportional valve (3) are in communication with the controller.
8. A fuel cell anode purge apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid outlet of the gas-water separator (5) is connected to the tail drain (7) through a drain pipe.
9. The fuel cell anode purging device according to claim 8, wherein the drain pipe is provided with a drain solenoid valve (8), and the drain solenoid valve (8) is used for switching on and off the drain pipe.
10. A fuel cell anode purge apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a controller, wherein the drain solenoid valve (8) is in communication with the controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121827376.1U CN216120390U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Fuel cell anode purging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121827376.1U CN216120390U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Fuel cell anode purging device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216120390U true CN216120390U (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202121827376.1U Active CN216120390U (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Fuel cell anode purging device |
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| CN (1) | CN216120390U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-08-06 CN CN202121827376.1U patent/CN216120390U/en active Active
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