CN216063614U

CN216063614U - Movable branch crusher

Info

Publication number: CN216063614U
Application number: CN202122464665.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞利宾; 张昊; 张文斌; 高学梅; 王岳东; 王毅志; 韩周; 杨碧涛; 江洁; 吴昊; 郭德伟; 闵洁
Original assignee: Honghe University
Current assignee: Honghe University
Priority date: 2021-10-13
Filing date: 2021-10-13
Publication date: 2022-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-13

Abstract

The utility model relates to a movable branch crusher, which comprises a frame, a power machine, a lower shell, an upper shell, a screen and a main shaft, wherein the lower shell is arranged on the frame, the upper shell is arranged on the lower shell to form a crushing cavity, a feed inlet is arranged on the upper shell, a discharge outlet is arranged on the lower shell, the main shaft penetrates through the crushing cavity and is arranged on the frame to rotate, a movable cutter disc is arranged on the main shaft, a fly cutter is arranged on the movable cutter disc to crush incoming materials, a hammer blade is arranged behind the movable cutter disc to further crush the incoming materials, the main shaft is connected with the power machine through a belt for transmission, the hammer blades are three groups, the hammer is characterized in that the two triangular plates and the hammer piece pin are arranged on the main shaft, the triangular plates are arranged on the main shaft through keys, each group of hammer pieces are uniformly distributed between the two triangular plates, each group of hammer pieces consists of the hammer piece pin and a plurality of hammer pieces penetrating through the hammer piece pin, fan blades are uniformly distributed between the triangular plates, and the upper shell and the lower shell are respectively provided with a screen cloth to surround the movable cutter disc and the hammer pieces. The utility model has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, low cost and winding prevention, and is suitable for crushing branches in multiple occasions.

Description

Movable branch crusher

Technical Field

The utility model relates to greening or plant protection equipment, in particular to a movable branch crusher.

Background

Plant materials such as pruned branches are byproducts frequently generated in urban landscaping, roadside vegetation, forest farm afforestation, unit and even household yard afforestation and plant cultivation and protection processes, and the byproducts are treated by people in a mode of burning or crushing to be used as cultivation materials. The incineration mode is abandoned more and more, and the pulverization is more and more. For the branch crushing, special equipment is mostly adopted.

1) Current research situation of foreign branch grinder

Model 71854 special equipment for smashing forest branches in field forest land. Produced by American BEAR CAT company, adopts the mode of horizontal material mouth compulsory feeding, the pay-off of being convenient for, to the adaptability of various branches material is good, but does not install reducing mechanism, is applicable to the operation of open-air mountain area woodland material nearby processing, not recycle. And the power of the shredding device of the machine is provided by a matched tractor through a belt increasing mechanism, an independent power source is not provided, the loss in the motion transmission process is large, and the efficiency is low.

HM series portable branch mincer. Produced by Heizomat company of Germany, the diesel engine is taken as a power source, the power can reach 300 kW, and the diameter of the wood which can be cut can reach 800mm at most by adopting a drum type cutting mode, and the wood cutting machine belongs to a large fixed branch cutting machine.

2) Current research situation of domestic branch grinder

Traction type branch rubbing crusher. The branch crusher mainly comprises a frame, a feeding device, an executing device and a power driving device. Because the branch types are different, the diameters of the branches trimmed by the device are different, the thickest branch diameter can reach more than 200mm, and the power of the pulverizer is generally more than 30 kW.

The double-feeding branch crusher is a double-channel feeding branch crusher, and branches with larger diameters enter from a left opening; the smaller diameter enters the crushing chamber from the right port.

QS-4 series tree branch crusher. The pulverizer is suitable for pulverizing wood with branches of 10-140mm in diameter, adopts a structure with a cutter disc and hammer blades coaxial, adopts non-forced feeding, and realizes automatic feeding by means of cutting force of the cutter disc. The pulverizer is mainly used for pulverizing edible fungus culture medium raw materials, is not suitable for pulverizing tree branches with the diameter smaller than 10mm, has poor pulverizing effect on branches with strong tough barks, and often breaks down.

3) Trend of development

The research on the branch crusher at home and abroad is continuously deepened, and gradually develops towards miniaturization and popularization. However, the currently developed branch grinder is still large in size, needs traction equipment, is large in discharged particle size and can only be used as a raw material of an artificial plate; some small-size branch rubbing crusher sizes are little, and the material of smashing out accords with the raw materials of making the culture medium, nevertheless to the better branch of branch tree of material, breaks down easily.

4) Necessity of movable branch crusher

With the increasing requirements of national environmental protection and the increasing of greening area, particularly the increasing of urban greening and unit greening level, the demand of small-sized movable branch crushers is also increasing. The small branch crusher has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, low cost, strong universality and miniaturization, and the small branch crusher which meets the requirements of city and unit operation is bound to become the necessity of the development of plant protection machinery in the future.

In summary, the existing branch crushing equipment has the problems of large size, high energy consumption and crushing diameter of more than 200mm, is only suitable for operation in places such as forest farms and the like, and is not suitable for branch garbage treatment in cities and units; a part of small branch crushers are small in power and small in feeding diameter below 140mm, but are easy to wind branches made of good materials and have many faults. There is a need to develop new devices to overcome these problems to improve the universality.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the utility model provides a movable branch crusher, which has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, low cost, winding prevention, strong universality and miniaturization, is suitable for greening plant protection of cities and units and forest farm cultivation, and solves the defects of the prior art.

The utility model provides a movable branch grinder, which comprises a frame, a power machine, a lower shell, an upper shell, a screen and a main shaft, and is characterized in that the lower shell is arranged on the frame, the upper shell is arranged on the lower shell to form a grinding cavity, the upper shell is provided with a feed inlet, the lower shell is provided with a discharge outlet, the main shaft penetrates through the grinding cavity and is arranged on the frame to rotate, the main shaft is provided with a movable cutter disc, a fly cutter is arranged on the movable cutter disc to cut incoming materials, a hammer blade is arranged behind the movable cutter disc to further grind the incoming materials, and the main shaft is connected with the power machine through a belt for transmission.

The hammer is characterized by comprising three groups of hammer pieces, wherein the three groups of hammer pieces are arranged on the main shaft through two triangular plates and hammer piece pins, the triangular plates are arranged on the main shaft through keys, each group of hammer pieces are uniformly distributed between the two triangular plates, and each group of hammer pieces consists of a hammer piece pin and a plurality of hammer pieces penetrating through the hammer piece pin.

The fan blades are uniformly distributed between the triangular plates to separate two adjacent groups of hammer sheets so as to generate radial wind speed to blow out the crushed materials and avoid mutual collision between the groups of hammer sheets, and a hammer sheet spacer sleeve is arranged on each group of hammer sheets to limit the gap between the hammer sheets.

The upper shell and the lower shell are respectively provided with a screen to surround the movable cutter head and the hammer.

The fly knives are multiple and are uniformly distributed on the blade mounting openings of the movable cutter disc, an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the fly knives and the movable cutter disc, and the cutting edges extend out of the movable cutter disc and face the feeding opening.

On the movable cutter head, a reducing disk is arranged on one side facing the feeding hole so as to prevent materials from winding the main shaft and ensure the normal operation of the machine.

The feeding port is a square groove, the feeding port is obliquely arranged on the upper shell, the bottom knife is arranged on the bottom surface of the groove, the side knife is arranged on the side facing the flying knife, and gaps are reserved among the bottom knife, the side knife and the flying knife so as to chop the strip-shaped flexible material as much as possible and avoid winding.

The power machine is a motor, a gasoline engine or a diesel engine and is arranged on the frame.

The detachable universal wheel is installed at the bottom of the rack, so that the whole machine can move conveniently.

The upper shell is arranged on the lower shell in a shaft pin mode so as to be convenient to turn over for opening and closing.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

the branch materials needing to be crushed are manually fed into the feeding hole, the materials are cut off when reaching the flying knife of the crushing cavity, and then are crushed into powder by the hammer sheet, fine particles penetrate through the screen mesh and are discharged out of the machine from the discharging hole, and coarse particles are further crushed by the hammer sheet and then are discharged. Because fly sword and feeding direction become 45 contained angles, have the automatic function of pulling in when cutting off, the material can get into automatically, and the operator can not push inwards, saves physical power, only needs a batch of material to smash the back and feeds next batch of material. Because the fan blades are arranged between the triangular plates, strong wind speed can be generated when the machine runs to blow the crushed materials out of the machine shell. The bark wound on the main shaft is thrown out by the diameter change of the diameter changing disc on the movable cutter disc, so that the problem that the bark is wound on the main shaft is solved.

The detachable universal wheel is installed on the bottom of the machine frame, the universal wheel is convenient to move, the universal wheel is detached after the position is determined, branches trimmed off in landscaping are quickly cut and crushed, a gasoline engine is used as a power machine, operation can be carried out in the field without power grid, in mountain forests or beside roads, and the machine frame is flexible, quick and convenient.

Therefore, the utility model has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, low cost, winding prevention, strong universality and miniaturization, and is suitable for landscaping or plant protection in cities, units and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an integrally assembled perspective view (exploded view, power machine omitted) of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention (power machine omitted).

Fig. 4 is a left side view of the present invention (power machine omitted).

Fig. 5 is a top view of the present invention (power machine omitted).

Fig. 6 is a front view of the fly cutter.

Fig. 7 is a left side view (cross-sectional view) of the fly cutter.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the movable cutter head.

Fig. 9 is an integrated perspective view of a flying cutter of a movable cutter disc.

Fig. 10 is an integrated schematic diagram (partially omitted) of the variable diameter disk, the movable cutter disk and the main shaft.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a reducing disk.

In fig. 1-11, the various components are numbered as follows:

1-a frame; 2-a lower shell; 3-screening a screen; 4-a main shaft; 5-main shaft spacer bush; 6-a set square; 7-hammer piece pin; 8-hammer sheet spacer bush; 9-hammer slice; 10-an upper shell; 11-fan blades; 12-a triangular plate spacer bush; 13-anti-winding knife; 14-fly cutter; 15-moving cutter disc; 16-a feed inlet; 17-a bearing seat; 18-power machine; 19-a belt; 20-a housing pin; 21-a discharge hole; 22-a variable diameter disc; 23-a bed knife; 24-branches; 1401-fly cutter mounting holes; 1402-flying knife edge; 1501-blade mounting port; 1502-holes on blade mount; 1503-moving cutter disk shaft hole.

The bearing housing, reference numeral 17, includes a bearing or the like.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the frame 1 is generally welded into a table-shaped body by steel materials such as angle steel, etc., a bearing seat 17 and a mounting hole of a power machine 18, etc. are reserved on the table, the lower shell 2 and the upper shell 10 are semi-cylindrical, the upper shell and the lower shell form a cylindrical crushing cavity, and the upper shell is mounted on the lower shell by a shell pin 20 to facilitate turning opening and closing and is fastened by bolts, etc. when closed. The discharge port 21 is connected with the lower housing as a whole. The feed port 16 is mounted to the upper housing by means of bolts or the like. The lower shell is fixed on the frame.

The main shaft 4 is made of a steel bar, corresponding key grooves are formed in the shaft, and the belt pulley, the triangular plate 6, the movable cutter head 15 and other parts are installed through key blocks.

The hammer sheets 9 are strip-shaped square steel sheets and are divided into three groups, each group is fixed between two triangular plates by a hammer sheet pin 7 in a penetrating way, and the two hammer sheets are separated by a hammer sheet spacer bush 8 to limit the distance between the two hammer sheets. Three fan blades 11 are fixed between the two triangular plates to blow air in the radial direction and separate the hammer sheets.

The movable cutter head is made of a thicker steel plate, four blade mounting openings 1501 are uniformly distributed around a shaft hole 1503, each mounting opening is a rectangular hole, the bottom edge and the top edge are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees, a blade mounting seat upper hole 1502 is formed in the inclined surface of the bottom edge, and the holes can be threaded holes or smooth penetrating holes for mounting screws or bolts. Two strip-shaped fly cutter mounting holes 1401 are formed in the fly cutter 14 so as to adjust the extending amount of the cutting edge of the fly cutter.

In order to prevent the flexible materials such as barks and the like from being wound during the cutting, a bottom knife 23 is arranged on the bottom plate of the feed inlet, and a side knife is arranged on the side facing the fly knife to ensure that the clearance between the side knife and the fly knife is as small as possible, so as to cut the flexible barks in time. Meanwhile, the outer side of the movable cutter disc is provided with a reducing disc 22, and the inner side is provided with an anti-winding cutter 13.

The anti-winding knife and the reducing disc can be parts with the same shape.

As mentioned above, power machine 18 can be an electric motor, a gasoline engine, or a diesel engine, and is configured according to actual needs and environmental conditions. The power machine and the main shaft are connected and driven through a belt 19 and a corresponding belt pulley. The rotating speed of the main shaft is generally above 2800r/min to meet the requirements of chopping and crushing. In the present embodiment, a three-phase alternating current motor is used, the rotating speed is 2840r/min, the power is 11KW, and the rotating speed of a main shaft reaches 3300 r/min.

The screen mesh is divided into an upper piece and a lower piece which are semi-circular arc pieces and are respectively arranged on the upper shell and the lower shell. The mesh of the screen can be provided in different sizes in order to be replaced in connection with the actual need.

The parts and reference numerals not mentioned are as described above.

Claims

1. A movable branch crusher comprises a frame, a power machine, a lower shell, an upper shell, a screen and a main shaft, and is characterized in that the lower shell is mounted on the frame, the upper shell is mounted on the lower shell to form a crushing cavity, the upper shell is provided with a feed inlet, the lower shell is provided with a discharge outlet, the main shaft penetrates through the crushing cavity and is mounted on the frame to rotate, a movable cutter disc is mounted on the main shaft, a fly cutter is arranged on the movable cutter disc to crush incoming materials, a hammer blade is mounted behind the movable cutter disc to further crush the incoming materials, and the main shaft and the power machine are connected through a belt for transmission.

2. The mobile branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hammer is composed of three sets of hammers, which are mounted on the main shaft by two triangular plates and hammer pins, the triangular plates are mounted on the main shaft by keys, each set of hammers is uniformly distributed between two triangular plates, and each set of hammers is composed of a hammer pin and a plurality of hammers penetrating through the hammer pin.

3. The mobile branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 2 wherein fan blades are uniformly distributed between the triangular plates to separate two adjacent sets of blades so as to generate radial wind velocity to blow the pulverized material and avoid collision between the sets of blades, and a blade spacer is provided on each set of blades to define a blade gap.

4. The portable branch shredder according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower housings are respectively provided with a screen to surround the movable cutter and the hammer.

5. The movable branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fly cutters are a plurality of fly cutters, and are uniformly distributed on the blade mounting openings of the movable cutter head, and the fly cutters and the movable cutter head form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the cutting edges extend out of the movable cutter head and face the feed inlet.

6. The mobile branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable cutter head is provided with a reducing disk on the side facing the feeding port to prevent the material from winding around the main shaft.

7. The mobile branch grinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed inlet is a square slot, the feed inlet is obliquely arranged on the upper shell, the bottom of the slot is provided with a bottom knife, the side facing the fly knife is provided with a side knife, and gaps are arranged between the bottom knife and the side knife and the fly knife to cut off the strip-shaped flexible material as much as possible and avoid winding.

8. The mobile branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power machine is an electric motor, a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, and is mounted on the frame.

9. The mobile branch pulverizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the frame is equipped with a detachable universal wheel to facilitate the movement of the whole pulverizer.

10. The portable branch shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the upper housing is pivotally mounted to the lower housing to facilitate pivotal opening and closing.