CN216061443U - Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device - Google Patents

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216061443U
CN216061443U CN202023226618.XU CN202023226618U CN216061443U CN 216061443 U CN216061443 U CN 216061443U CN 202023226618 U CN202023226618 U CN 202023226618U CN 216061443 U CN216061443 U CN 216061443U
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drainage
flow rate
cerebrospinal fluid
real
expected
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田大鹏
王昱棠
王中石
王福超
王光明
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First Hospital Jinlin University
Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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First Hospital Jinlin University
Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Abstract

The application discloses a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, which comprises a drainage pipeline, a flow velocity sensor, a flow regulator and a drainage control system, wherein the drainage control system comprises a human-computer interaction module and a drainage control module; the human-computer interaction module is used for inputting an expected flow speed/flow speed range and an expected drainage amount, recording and displaying personal information, treatment information, historical cerebrospinal fluid flow speed and current cerebrospinal fluid flow speed of a patient, and judging a drainage state according to the current cerebrospinal fluid drainage amount and the real-time liquid flow speed; the drainage control module controls the flow regulator according to the current drainage state so as to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to be equal to the expected flow rate or fall within the expected flow rate range or control the current drainage to pause/end. This application simple structure directly reforms transform traditional cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, just can realize automatic cerebrospinal fluid drainage automatic pressure regulating speed governing, and the fast precision of accuse is pressed in accuse, and the product is reliable, convenient to use.

Description

Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device.
Background
In clinical medicine, cerebrospinal fluid external drainage is a safe and effective minimally invasive method for treating neurosurgical diseases such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage, intracranial infection, subarachnoid hemorrhage and the like; has better curative effect on postoperative severe craniocerebral injury, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, various intractable cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, rhinorrhea and incisional fistula, and the treatment of intracranial infection, intractable subcutaneous hydrops and traffic hydrocephalus.
The external drainage of cerebrospinal fluid means that the drainage tube is placed into the ventricle to continuously drain out the cerebrospinal fluid, so that the drainage tube can reduce the intracranial pressure and promote the discharge of inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid to clean the cerebrospinal fluid and assist in treating the inflammation of the ventricle. The drainage quantity of cerebrospinal fluid leakage must be strictly controlled, so that the condition of low intracranial pressure is further aggravated due to overlarge drainage quantity, and severe complications such as epidural hemorrhage, cerebral hernia and the like even appear to endanger the life of a patient.
In the drainage operation process, how to accurately and safely control the drainage speed and the drainage quantity of cerebrospinal fluid is a difficult problem. The traditional method is to adjust the drainage quantity by manually adjusting the relative height of the drainage tube, but the relative height is difficult to accurately control, and the over-quick drainage or over-drainage is easily caused. The drainage speed of cerebrospinal fluid is too fast, the intracranial pressure can drop rapidly, can lead to serious complications such as encephalopathy, etc.; excessive drainage of cerebrospinal fluid can lead to complications such as low intracranial pressure headache. Meanwhile, in the drainage process, because the patient is generally in a state of unconsciousness, the patient can not be controlled to turn over and other activities, the stretching of the drainage pipeline is particularly easy to cause the position change of the drainage pipeline in the encephaly of the patient, so that the drainage effect is influenced, and the nursing difficulty of the patient is increased. In the existing cerebrospinal fluid drainage process, in order to balance intracranial pressure, medical workers need to continuously adjust the height of a drainage kettle so as to keep the drainage speed and height of cerebrospinal fluid or hematoma, and the operation complexity of the medical workers and the requirement on the number of the medical workers are improved.
The Chinese patent application CN201710336168.3 discloses a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, and the Chinese patent application CN201711287381.6 discloses a mechanical cerebrospinal fluid drainage pressure regulating device, both of which realize drainage speed control of cerebrospinal fluid in a mechanical mode, but the mechanical speed control mode depends on system design precision, and the structural design is very complex. The Chinese patent application CN201810114034.1 discloses an automatic drainage device for intracranial cerebrospinal fluid, which controls the drainage flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid by measuring the intracranial pressure and the arterial pressure, needs more data to be collected, has a complex structure, and is easy to bring inconvenience to patients in the drainage process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, there is a need for a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device with a simple structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device which comprises a drainage pipeline, a flow velocity sensor, a flow regulator and a drainage control system, wherein the drainage pipeline comprises a drainage bag for temporarily storing cerebrospinal fluid, and the flow velocity sensor is used for collecting the real-time liquid flow velocity in the drainage bag; the drainage control system comprises a human-computer interaction module and a drainage control module; the human-computer interaction module comprises a display unit and a calculation unit; the drainage control module controls the flow regulator according to the current drainage state so as to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to be equal to the expected flow rate or fall within the expected flow rate range or control the current drainage to pause/end.
Wherein, the human-computer interaction module further comprises an alarm unit, and when the real-time liquid flow rate is greater than the maximum value of the expected flow rate/flow rate range, the alarm unit displays the alarm information.
Wherein the alarm unit is further adapted to alert by voice or warning light when the real-time liquid flow rate is greater than the maximum of the desired flow rate/flow rate range.
The drainage bag is arranged on the drainage pipeline at intervals and is connected with the drainage pipeline through the drainage pipe, and the flow velocity sensors are in one-to-one correspondence with the drainage bags.
The flow regulator comprises a regulating part, a motor and a lead screw, the regulating part is connected with a drainage tube of a drainage pipeline, and the drainage control module is used for controlling the motor of the flow regulator and further driving the lead screw connected with the regulating part to regulate the speed.
Compared with the prior art, the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device has the advantages that the flow velocity of liquid in the drainage tube is detected in real time through the flow velocity sensor, data are fed back to the drainage control module, the drainage control module controls the flow regulator in combination with the real-time liquid flow velocity acquired by the flow velocity sensor and the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity/flow velocity range set by the man-machine interaction module, so that the liquid flow velocity of the drainage tube is adjusted, the real-time liquid flow velocity is equal to the expected flow velocity/falls into the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity range, and closed-loop control is formed among the drainage control module, the flow regulator and the drainage tube. This application simple structure directly reforms transform traditional cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, just can realize automatic cerebrospinal fluid drainage automatic pressure regulating speed governing, can not pollute the cerebrospinal fluid, and the fast precision of accuse is pressed in accuse, and the product is reliable, convenient to use.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a cerebrospinal fluid drainage method of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another preferred embodiment of a cerebrospinal fluid drainage method of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the closed-loop control of the cerebrospinal fluid drainage procedure of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device of the present application, which includes a drainage tube 1, a flow rate sensor 2, a flow regulator (not shown), and a drainage control system 4.
The drainage pipeline 1 comprises a drainage tube and drainage bags 11 and 12 which are communicated with the drainage tube and used for temporarily storing cerebrospinal fluid. A certain amount of cerebrospinal fluid is stored in the drainage bag, so that the cerebrospinal fluid can be prevented from flowing backwards.
The flow velocity sensors 21 and 22 are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the drainage bags 11 and 12, and are respectively used for collecting the real-time liquid flow velocity in the drainage bags 11 and 12 and feeding back data to the drainage control system 4. Preferably, the flow sensor 2 is a photoelectric sensor, and is configured to collect the number of liquid drops (i.e., the real-time liquid flow rate) in the drainage tube 1 per unit time in real time, and feed back data to the drainage control system 4. The photoelectric sensor has the characteristics of high response speed, high measurement precision, static resistance, pulse interference resistance, small measurement error and the like.
The flow regulator is used for regulating the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube. The flow regulator comprises a regulating member 31, a motor 32 and a lead screw 33. The adjusting part 31 is connected with the drainage tube 2, the motor 32 is connected with the drainage control system 4 and the lead screw 33, and the drainage control system 4 can drive the motor 32 to further drive the lead screw 33 connected with the adjusting part 31 to carry out speed regulation.
The drainage control system 4 comprises a human-computer interaction module and a drainage control module.
The man-machine interaction module comprises a display unit and a calculation unit, wherein the display unit selects an artificial/autonomous expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate mode, inputs an expected flow rate/flow rate range and an expected drainage amount, records and displays personal information, treatment information, historical cerebrospinal fluid flow rate and current cerebrospinal fluid flow rate of a patient, and the calculation unit is used for calculating the current cerebrospinal fluid drainage amount, comparing the current cerebrospinal fluid drainage amount with the expected drainage amount and comparing the real-time liquid flow rate with the expected flow rate/flow rate range to judge the current drainage state; the drainage control module controls the flow regulator according to the current drainage state so as to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to fall into an expected flow rate/flow rate range or control the current drainage to pause/end, and the real-time closed-loop control of the drainage process is realized. The expected flow rate range comprises historical cerebrospinal fluid flow rate values of the patients, so that when the disposable cerebrospinal fluid flow rate input device is used, a doctor can select the historical cerebrospinal fluid flow rate of the corresponding patient through the man-machine interaction module, and the expected flow rate can be directly input.
The human-computer interaction module further comprises an alarm unit, and when the real-time liquid flow rate is larger than the maximum value of the expected flow rate/flow rate range, the alarm unit displays the alarm information. The alarm unit is also used for alarming by voice or alarm light when the real-time liquid flow rate is larger than the maximum value of the expected flow rate/flow rate range.
Preferably, the quantity of drainage bag is two at least, and the interval sets up on drainage pipeline 1 and links to each other through the drainage tube, and flow velocity transducer and drainage bag one-to-one correspond. Therefore, the display unit is also used for inputting flow speed difference threshold values among different drainage bags, the calculation unit is also used for calculating real-time flow speed difference among the different drainage bags, comparing the real-time flow speed difference with the flow speed difference threshold value to judge the current drainage state, and when the real-time flow speed difference is larger than the flow speed difference threshold value, the drainage control module controls the current drainage to be suspended.
In this embodiment, the quantity of drainage bag is 2, is located the both ends of drainage tube respectively, and every drainage bag is equipped with a velocity of flow sensor for detect the different positions drainage bag department liquid velocity of flow. When the drainage control module sends the flow velocity of liquid at the drainage bags at different positions to the man-machine interaction module in real time, the calculation unit of the man-machine interaction module compares the flow velocity of the drainage bags at different positions in real time, and when the real-time flow velocity difference between the drainage bags at different positions is larger than a flow velocity difference threshold value, the drainage is judged to be unqualified, and the method specifically comprises the steps of unsmooth drainage, blockage of a drainage tube, distortion of the drainage tube, leakage of the drainage tube and the like.
The human-computer interaction module is also provided with a patient pulse and respiration information interface. When the autonomous expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate mode is selected for use, the display unit is further used for collecting real-time pulse and/or respiratory information of the patient and inputting an information fluctuation threshold value of the pulse and/or the respiration of the patient, the calculation unit is further used for calculating a real-time information fluctuation value of the pulse and/or the respiration of the patient and comparing the real-time information fluctuation value with the information fluctuation threshold value to judge the current drainage state, and when the real-time information fluctuation value is larger than the information fluctuation threshold value, the patient is judged to be uncomfortable/uncooperative, and the drainage control module controls the current drainage to be suspended.
The display unit of the man-machine interaction module can also automatically store information such as patient drainage time, historical drainage speed and the like according to the patient ID when single drainage is finished. And when drainage is performed next time, the man-machine interaction module can automatically call out the last drainage information of the patient according to the ID of the patient and display the last drainage information to an operating doctor. The doctor can set the current drainage speed manually, also can set for the drainage scope according to drainage information last time, by the human-computer interaction module automatically regulated drainage velocity.
The diversion control module can read the real-time liquid flow rate acquired by the flow rate sensor and the expected flow rate/flow rate range set by the man-machine interaction module in real time, and adjust the flow regulator by combining the real-time liquid flow rate and the expected flow rate/flow rate range so as to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to be equal to the expected flow rate or fall into the expected flow rate range. Specifically, when the real-time liquid flow rate is smaller than the minimum value of the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range, the drainage control module drives the flow regulator to increase the real-time liquid flow rate to the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range; when the real-time liquid flow rate is larger than the maximum value of the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range, the drainage control module drives the flow regulator to reduce the real-time liquid flow rate to the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range. The real-time liquid flow rate adjusting process comprises the following steps: the diversion control module drives a motor 32 of the flow regulator, and further drives a screw 33 connected with the regulating part 31 to regulate the speed. The scheme that the motor drives the screw rod to regulate the speed can enable the whole speed regulation process to be more stable, and accidents in the drainage process are avoided.
In the process, the flow velocity sensor 2 feeds back the collected real-time liquid flow velocity to the drainage control module all the time, so that closed-loop control is formed among the drainage control module, the flow regulator 3 and the drainage tube 1.
When the real-time liquid flow rate is larger than the maximum value of the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range, the drainage control module can send alarm information to the human-computer interaction module, and the alarm information is displayed by a display unit of the human-computer interaction module; the alarm can also be sent to an alarm unit, and the alarm unit alarms in a voice broadcasting mode or a warning lamp display mode; alternatively, the drainage control module may force the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device to suspend drainage. The three methods can be carried out synchronously or alternatively to ensure the safety of the patient. This application cerebrospinal fluid drainage device is equipped with multiple protection system, can show through the display element of human-computer interaction module under the too fast a plurality of dangerous condition of real-time liquid velocity of flow, alarm unit reports to the police, forces cerebrospinal fluid drainage device to stop modes such as drainage work and realize warning and protection, and the reliability is high, avoids the treatment accident that artificial misoperation brought.
The application also provides a cerebrospinal fluid drainage method realized based on the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage method comprises the following steps:
s01, inputting a patient ID, and searching historical drainage information of the patient through a man-machine interaction module;
s10, inputting the expected flow rate/flow rate range through the man-machine interaction module;
the desired flow rate/flow rate range includes the patient's historical drainage flow rate.
S20, controlling a flow regulator by combining the real-time liquid flow rate acquired by the flow rate sensor and the expected flow rate/flow rate range set by the man-machine interaction module to realize the closed-loop control of the real-time liquid flow rate;
s30, the flow regulator adjusts the liquid flow rate of the drainage pipeline to make the real-time liquid flow rate equal to the expected flow rate or fall within the expected flow rate range;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: the diversion control module controls a motor of the flow regulator, and then drives a screw rod connected with the regulating part to regulate the speed.
In the process, the flow velocity sensor synchronously feeds back the collected real-time liquid flow velocity to the drainage control module, so that closed-loop control is formed among the drainage control module, the flow regulator and the drainage tube.
And S40, after the cerebrospinal fluid drainage is finished, the drainage operation is stopped by selecting the human-computer interaction module, and the drainage control module records the current drainage information of the patient.
The step of inputting the expected flow rate/flow rate range through the man-machine interaction module further comprises the following steps:
a manually desired cerebrospinal fluid flow rate pattern or an autonomously desired cerebrospinal fluid flow rate pattern is selected.
In order to make the function of the device of the present application clearer, please specifically refer to a flow chart of the cerebrospinal fluid drainage method for selecting the artificial expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate mode shown in fig. 2 and a flow chart of the cerebrospinal fluid drainage method for selecting the autonomous expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate mode shown in fig. 3 together to understand the function of the device.
When the manually desired cerebrospinal fluid flow rate mode is selected, the method further comprises:
inputting expected drainage quantity and flow speed difference threshold values among different drainage bags through a human-computer interaction module;
the steps of adjusting the liquid flow rate of the drainage pipeline by the flow regulator so that the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate or falls within the expected flow rate range are as follows: the flow regulator adjusts the liquid flow rate of the drainage line so that the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the desired flow rate;
the step of the flow regulator adjusting the liquid flow rate of the drainage line so that the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the real-time flow velocity difference value between different drainage bags is larger than a flow velocity difference threshold value or not;
if not, judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate or not,
if so, controlling the current drainage to be finished when the drainage quantity of the secondary cerebrospinal fluid is calculated to be larger than the expected drainage quantity;
if the result of judging whether the real-time flow velocity difference value between different drainage bags is larger than the flow velocity difference threshold value is yes, suspending drainage;
if the result of judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate is negative, controlling the real-time liquid flow rate to be equal to the expected flow rate;
if the result of judging whether the real-time flow rate difference value between different drainage bags is larger than the flow rate difference threshold value is yes, or the result of judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate is no, executing at least one of the following alarm schemes:
displaying alarm information through a display unit of a human-computer interaction module;
and the alarm unit of the man-machine interaction module warns through voice or a warning lamp.
When selecting the autonomously desired cerebrospinal fluid flow rate pattern, the method further comprises:
inputting expected drainage volume, flow speed difference threshold values among different drainage bags and information fluctuation threshold values of patient pulse and/or respiration through a human-computer interaction module;
the steps of adjusting the liquid flow rate of the drainage pipeline by the flow regulator so that the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate or falls within the expected flow rate range are as follows: the flow regulator adjusts the liquid flow rate of the drainage pipeline so that the real-time liquid flow rate falls within a desired flow rate range, and adjusts the flow rate in real time by combining the respiration and/or pulse information of the patient;
the flow regulator adjusts the liquid flow rate of the drainage line so that the real-time liquid flow rate falls within a desired flow rate range, and the step of adjusting the flow rate in real time in combination with the patient breathing and/or pulse information further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the real-time flow velocity difference value between different drainage bags is larger than a flow velocity difference threshold value or not;
if not, judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate or not,
if so, judging that the real-time information fluctuation value of the pulse and/or the respiration of the patient is larger than the information fluctuation threshold value, and if not, controlling the current drainage to be finished when the current cerebrospinal fluid drainage volume is calculated to be larger than the expected drainage volume;
if the result of judging whether the real-time flow velocity difference value between different drainage bags is larger than the flow velocity difference threshold value is yes, or the result of judging that the real-time information fluctuation value of the pulse and/or the breath of the patient is larger than the information fluctuation threshold value is yes, suspending drainage;
if the result of judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate falls into the expected flow rate is negative, controlling the liquid flow rate of the drainage pipeline to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to fall into the expected flow rate range, and adjusting the flow rate in real time by combining the respiration and/or pulse information of the patient;
if the result of judging whether the real-time flow rate difference value between different drainage bags is larger than the flow rate difference threshold value is yes, or the result of judging whether the real-time liquid flow rate is equal to the expected flow rate is no, or the result of judging whether the real-time information fluctuation value of the pulse and/or the breath of the patient is larger than the information fluctuation threshold value is yes, at least one of the following alarm schemes is executed:
displaying alarm information through a display unit of a human-computer interaction module;
and the alarm unit of the man-machine interaction module warns through voice or a warning lamp.
The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device provided by the application can record historical drainage information of a patient, a doctor can conveniently operate the patient needing to be drained for multiple times, reliability and convenience of individual operation and treatment of the patient are improved, and workload of medical workers is relieved.
Compared with the prior art, the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device detects the flow velocity of the liquid in the drainage tube 1 in real time through the flow velocity sensor 2, and feeds back the data to the drainage control module, the drainage control module controls the flow regulator 3 in combination with the real-time liquid flow rate collected by the flow rate sensor 2 and the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range set by the man-machine interaction module so as to adjust the liquid flow rate of the drainage tube 1, so that the real-time liquid flow rate falls into the expected cerebrospinal fluid flow rate range, form closed loop control between drainage control module and flow regulator 3 and drainage tube 1, this application simple structure need not to carry out the measurement of extra information to patient, directly through reforming transform traditional cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, just can realize automatic cerebrospinal fluid drainage automatic pressure regulating speed governing, can not pollute the cerebrospinal fluid, and accuse pressure, accuse speed precision are high, and the product is reliable, convenient to use.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device is characterized by comprising a drainage pipeline, a flow velocity sensor, a flow regulator and a drainage control system, wherein the drainage pipeline comprises a drainage bag for temporarily storing cerebrospinal fluid, and the flow velocity sensor is used for collecting the real-time liquid flow velocity in the drainage bag; the drainage control system comprises a human-computer interaction module and a drainage control module; the human-computer interaction module comprises a display unit and a calculation unit; the drainage control module controls the flow regulator according to the current drainage state so as to enable the real-time liquid flow rate to be equal to the expected flow rate or fall within the expected flow rate range or control the current drainage to pause/end.
2. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device of claim 1, wherein the human-machine interaction module further comprises an alarm unit that displays an alarm message when the real-time fluid flow rate is greater than a maximum of a desired flow rate/flow rate range.
3. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device of claim 2, wherein the alarm unit is further configured to alert by voice or a warning light when the real-time fluid flow rate is greater than the maximum of the desired flow rate/flow rate range.
4. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claim 3, wherein the number of the drainage bags is at least two, the drainage bags are arranged on the drainage pipeline at intervals and connected through the drainage tube, and the flow velocity sensors correspond to the drainage bags one to one.
5. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claim 1, wherein the flow regulator comprises a regulating part, a motor and a lead screw, the regulating part is connected with the drainage tube of the drainage pipeline, and the drainage control module is used for controlling the motor of the flow regulator so as to drive the lead screw connected with the regulating part to regulate the speed.
CN202023226618.XU 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device Active CN216061443U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202023226618.XU CN216061443U (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202023226618.XU CN216061443U (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Cerebrospinal fluid drainage device

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CN216061443U true CN216061443U (en) 2022-03-18

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