CN216055163U - Wide-bandwidth beam antenna - Google Patents
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- CN216055163U CN216055163U CN202120459804.3U CN202120459804U CN216055163U CN 216055163 U CN216055163 U CN 216055163U CN 202120459804 U CN202120459804 U CN 202120459804U CN 216055163 U CN216055163 U CN 216055163U
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Abstract
The application discloses wide bandwidth beam antenna is connected with first feeder through the first output that sets up the merit and divides the ware, and the second output is connected with the second feeder, first feeder is connected with at least one first radiation paster and is formed first comb antenna, the second feeder is connected with at least one second radiation paster and is formed the second comb antenna, on the first comb antenna first radiation paster with on the second comb antenna the second radiation paster is relative, forms compact comb antenna, can reduce the radiation bore of antenna to widen the beam width of azimuth plane, realize the gain promotion in the wide angle.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to antennas, and more particularly, to a wide bandwidth beam antenna.
Background
In order to meet the perception requirement of an intelligent driving system, millimeter wave radars installed at four corners of an automobile generally need to have a large enough field angle on an azimuth plane, and therefore the radar antenna azimuth plane is required to have a certain high gain at a large angle.
The traditional antenna azimuth gain is maximum in the normal direction of the radar, and rapidly decreases along with the increase of the angle, so that the gain requirement of a large angle cannot be met, the field angle of the radar azimuth is difficult to guarantee, the detection requirement of the large angle of the angular radar cannot be met, and the hidden danger is brought to the driving safety of an automobile.
As shown in fig. 1, in the antenna in the prior art, radiation patches are disposed on both sides of a feeder line, and thus, the beam width of an azimuth plane of the antenna is too narrow, and the gain of the azimuth plane at a large angle cannot be guaranteed. The slot antenna is also fed in the prior art using a microstrip power divider as shown in fig. 2. The power divider is essentially a microstrip T-shaped junction, but only has equal-amplitude and same-phase power division, does not adjust the amplitude and the phase of each output port, and is not beneficial to beam forming of an antenna azimuth plane.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a wide bandwidth beam antenna, which can reduce the radiation aperture of the antenna, widen the beam width of the azimuth plane of the antenna, and realize gain improvement over a large angle.
To achieve the object of the above application, the present application provides a wide bandwidth beam antenna, comprising:
the power divider comprises a power divider, a first feeder line, a second feeder line and a plurality of radiating patches, wherein the plurality of radiating patches comprise at least one first radiating patch and at least one second radiating patch;
the first output end is connected with the first feeder line, the second output end is connected with the second feeder line, the first feeder line is connected with the at least one first radiation patch to form a first comb antenna, and the second feeder line is connected with the at least one second radiation patch to form a second comb antenna;
the first radiating patch on the first comb antenna is opposite the second radiating patch on the second comb antenna.
Specifically, the power divider further comprises a feeder line segment, a matching segment, a first branch and a second branch;
the feeder segment, the matching segment, the first branch and the first output end are connected in sequence;
the matching section is also sequentially connected with the second branch and the second output end;
the first branch and the second branch are connected in a V-shaped structure.
Specifically, the amplitude ratio of the first output terminal and the second output terminal is determined by the impedance of the first branch and the second branch, and the phase difference between the first output terminal and the second output terminal is determined by the length of the first branch and the second branch.
Specifically, the first branch and the second branch are symmetrical about a center line where the feeder line section is located;
or an included angle formed by the first branch and a straight line where the feeder line section is located is different from an included angle formed by the second branch and a straight line where the feeder line section is located, line widths of the first branch and the second branch are respectively a preset first line width and a preset second line width, and lengths of the first branch and the second branch are respectively a preset first length and a preset second length. Specifically, the plurality of radiation patches includes a plurality of first radiation patches and a plurality of second radiation patches.
Specifically, the at least one first radiation patch and the at least one second radiation patch are arranged at an interval.
Specifically, the patch widths of the first radiation patches are reduced from the center to two sides, and the patch lengths of the first radiation patches are increased from the center to two sides;
the patch widths of the plurality of second radiation patches are reduced from the center to both sides, and the patch lengths of the plurality of second radiation patches are increased from the center to both sides.
Specifically, the distance between the first feeder line and the second feeder line is greater than the length of any one radiation patch, and is less than half of the air wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
Specifically, the distance between any adjacent first radiation patch and any adjacent second radiation patch is half of the medium wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
Specifically, the lengths of the plurality of radiation patches are half of the medium wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
The application has the following beneficial effects:
this application is connected with first feeder through the first output that sets up the merit and divides the ware, and the second output is connected with the second feeder, first feeder is connected with at least one first radiation paster and is formed first comb antenna, the second feeder is connected with at least one second radiation paster and is formed second comb antenna, on the first comb antenna first radiation paster with on the second comb antenna the second radiation paster is relative, forms compact comb antenna, can reduce the radiation bore of antenna, and the beam width of widening antenna azimuth plane realizes the gain promotion in the wide angle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a comb antenna structure in the prior art provided in the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-to-four microstrip T-junction power divider in the prior art provided in this application;
figure 3 is a side view of a wide bandwidth beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide bandwidth beam antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a position of a radiating patch on a comb antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power divider according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the length and width of a radiating patch on a comb antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a comparison graph of radiation directions of a 76.5GHz antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of the gain of an antenna with ± 80 ° azimuth planes according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a comparison diagram of antenna azimuth planes corresponding to different power splitters provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing standing waves of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application;
wherein the reference numerals in the figures correspond to: 100-power divider, 200-first feeder line, 300-second feeder line, 400-radiation patch, 410-first radiation patch, 420-second radiation patch, 110-first output end, 120-second output end, 130-feeder line segment, 140-matching segment, 151-first branch, 152-second branch, 510-first comb antenna, 520-second comb antenna, 10-antenna layer, 20-dielectric layer, 30-metal ground layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the utility model described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or server that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In order to implement the technical solution of the present application, so that more engineering workers can easily understand and apply the present application, the working principle of the present application will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
This application can be applied to the millimeter wave radar in car four corners, and first output and first feeder through setting up the merit and dividing the ware is connected, and the second output is connected with the second feeder, first feeder is connected with at least one first radiation paster and is formed first comb antenna, the second feeder is connected with at least one second radiation paster and is formed second comb antenna, on the first comb antenna first radiation paster with on the second comb antenna the second radiation paster is relative, forms compact comb antenna, can reduce the radiation bore of antenna to widen the beam width of azimuth plane, realize the gain promotion on the wide angle.
Specific implementations of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with specific examples.
Referring first to the cross-sectional configuration of a wideband beam antenna of the present application, figure 3 shows a side view of a wideband beam antenna with antenna layer 10 attached to one side of dielectric layer 20.
In particular, the dielectric layer 20 may include a teflon fiberglass laminate or an epoxy.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the other side of the dielectric layer 20 is attached with a metal ground layer 30.
An embodiment of a broadband wide-beam antenna according to the present application is described below. With reference to fig. 4, the broadband wide-beam antenna may include:
the power divider 100, the first feeder line 200, the second feeder line 300, and a plurality of radiation patches 400, the plurality of radiation patches 400 includes at least one first radiation patch 410 and at least one second radiation patch 420, and the power divider 100 includes a first output terminal 110 and a second output terminal 120. The power divider 100 is also called a power divider, and is configured to divide an input signal into two output signals, and the first feed line 200 and the second feed line 300 are configured to transmit electromagnetic energy to the plurality of radiating patches 400.
As shown in fig. 5, first radiating patch 410 on first comb antenna 510 is opposite second radiating patch 420 on second comb antenna 520.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the power divider 100 may further include a feeder segment 130, a matching segment 140, a first branch 151, and a second branch 152. The feeder segment 130, the matching segment 140, the first branch 151 and the first output 110 are connected in series, and the matching segment 140 is further connected in series with the second branch 152 and the second output 120. The first branch and the second branch are connected in a V-shaped structure.
In some embodiments, the first branch 151 and the second branch 152 are symmetrical about a center line where the feeder line segment 130 is located, and the power divider shown in fig. 6 is a one-half amplitude in-phase power divider. The matching section 140 is a quarter-wavelength impedance matching structure, and impedance matching between the feeder line section 130, the first and second branches 151 and 152, and the antenna can be achieved by adjusting the length and width of the matching section 140. The first and second branches 151 and 152 adopt a V-shaped configuration, and when the V-shaped configuration is adopted, since the length of the branch line is shortened, the energy loss can be reduced. The amplitude ratio of the first output terminal 110 and the second output terminal 120 is mainly determined by the impedances of the first branch 151 and the second branch 152, and the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line can be calculated by using the following formula:
wherein W is a microstrip line, i.e. the line widths of the first branch 151 and the second branch 152, d and εrRespectively, the thickness and relative permittivity of the dielectric plate. The phase difference between the first output terminal 110 and the second output terminal 120 is mainly determined by the lengths of the first branch 151 and the second branch 152, and can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein,
is the wave number in free space, l1Is the length of the first branch 151,/2Is the length of the second branch 152.
In another embodiment, fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power divider with an amplitude ratio of 2:1 and a phase difference of 90 °. As shown in fig. 7, the power divider has an asymmetric structure, and an included angle α formed by the first branch 151 and a straight line where the feeder line segment 130 is located is different from an included angle β formed by the second branch 152 and a straight line where the feeder line segment 130 is located. According to the adjustment of the line widths and the lengths of the first branch 151 and the second branch 152, the amplitude ratio of the first output terminal 110 to the second output terminal 120 is 2:1, and the phase difference is 90 °.
The two embodiments described above provide that different azimuth plane patterns are realized by setting the line length and the line width of the first branch 151 and the second branch 152, and setting the included angle formed by the first branch 151 and the straight line where the feeder line segment 130 is located, and the included angle formed by the second branch 152 and the straight line where the feeder line segment 130 is located.
Specifically, the plurality of radiation patches 400 may include a plurality of first radiation patches 410 and a plurality of second radiation patches 420, each of which forms comb teeth on a corresponding comb antenna, for example, the number of the first radiation patches 410 and the number of the second radiation patches are six, and the six first radiation patches 410 and the six second radiation patches 420 may form 12 comb teeth on two comb antennas.
Specifically, the first radiation patch 410 and the second radiation patch 420 are disposed at an interval.
By adjusting the length and width of each radiating patch 400, a wider standing wave bandwidth and a lower sidelobe level can be achieved. The radiation patches 400, the first feed lines 200, and the second feed lines 300 form a comb-shaped structure, and specifically, as shown in fig. 8, patch widths of the plurality of first radiation patches decrease from the center to both sides, and patch lengths of the plurality of first radiation patches increase from the center to both sides. The width of the second radiating patches is reduced from the center to two sides, and the length of the second radiating patches is increased from the center to two sides so as to match the resonance lengths corresponding to different comb tooth widths, thereby widening the standing wave and the gain bandwidth.
Specifically, the distance between the first feeder 200 and the second feeder 300 is greater than the length of any one of the radiation patches 400 and less than half of the air wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the antenna, so that the antenna is more compact in azimuth direction, and the radiation aperture is reduced, thereby widening the beam. The working center frequency point refers to the center of a working frequency segment, for example, the working frequency segment has the 1 st frequency to the 125 th frequency, and the middle frequency is 76.5 GHz; the operating center frequency point corresponds to half the wavelength of air, which is half the wavelength of air corresponding to the antenna at an operating frequency of 76.5 GHz.
Specifically, the distance between any adjacent first radiation patch 410 and second radiation patch 420 is half of the medium wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the antenna.
Specifically, the lengths of the plurality of radiation patches 400 are half of the medium wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency point of the antenna.
In some embodiments, power divider 100, first feed line 200, second feed line 300, and plurality of radiating patches 400 are antenna elements that are obtained using photolithographic antenna layer 10.
As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, in the present application, the first output end 110 of the power divider 100 is connected to the first feeder line 200, the second output end 120 is connected to the second feeder line 300, the first feeder line 200 is connected to at least one first radiation patch 410 to form a first comb antenna 510, the second feeder line 300 is connected to at least one second radiation patch 420 to form a second comb antenna, and the first radiation patch on the first comb antenna is opposite to the second radiation patch 520 on the second comb antenna to form a tight comb antenna, so that the radiation aperture of the antenna can be reduced, the beam width of the azimuth plane is widened, and the gain improvement in a large angle is achieved.
By adopting the wide-bandwidth beam antenna, a wider standing wave bandwidth and a lower sidelobe level can be realized, taking a 12-unit novel comb antenna, namely an antenna arranged according to the structure of the utility model as an example, as shown in fig. 9, wherein 1 is a 76.5GHz radiation pattern of the 12-unit novel comb antenna, and 2 is a 76.5GHz radiation pattern of a traditional comb antenna, as can be seen from fig. 9, the gain of the 12-unit novel comb antenna is obviously higher than that of the traditional comb antenna outside a +/-40 ° azimuth plane. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, 3 is an azimuth plane 80 °, a gain within 74-78GHz of a 12-unit novel comb antenna, 4 is an azimuth plane 80 °, a gain within 74-78GHz of a conventional comb antenna, 5 is a gain within 74-78GHz of a-80-unit novel comb antenna, and 6 is a gain within 74-78GHz of a-80-degree azimuth plane conventional comb antenna, as can be seen from fig. 10, the azimuth plane ± 80 °, and a gain within 74-78GHz of a 12-unit novel comb antenna are both improved by at least 3dB as compared with the conventional comb antenna. This embodiment also provides an azimuth plane directional diagram of a 12-unit novel comb antenna 76.5GHz when different power dividers feed, as shown in fig. 11, two outputs of 7 power dividers are equal in amplitude and the like, two outputs of 8 power dividers are the same in amplitude and have a phase difference of 60 °, as can be seen from fig. 11, when the design requirements are different, the required azimuth plane directional diagram can be realized by adopting different power dividers. This embodiment still provides 12 novel comb antennas of unit and traditional comb antenna standing wave diagrams, as shown in fig. 12, 9 is the novel comb antenna standing wave of 12 units, 10 is the traditional comb antenna standing wave, and traditional comb antenna standing wave is less than 1.5 in 75.8-77.3GHz, and the novel comb antenna of 12 units standing wave is less than 1.5 in 74.5-77.6GHz, compares in traditional comb antenna, and 12 novel comb antenna standing waves of unit are less than 1.5's bandwidth and have promoted 106%. Therefore, the antenna with the structure can realize wide standing wave bandwidth and azimuth plane beam width, reduce the sidelobe level of the antenna and improve the gain of the antenna at a larger angle.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the utility model may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the utility model, various features of the utility model are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the utility model and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. However, the method of the present invention should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the utility model as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, not other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the utility model and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The present invention may also be embodied as apparatus or system programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the utility model, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps or the like not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The utility model may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several systems, several of these systems may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering and these words may be interpreted as names.
Claims (10)
1. A wide bandwidth beam antenna, the wide bandwidth beam antenna comprising:
the power divider comprises a power divider, a first feeder line, a second feeder line and a plurality of radiating patches, wherein the plurality of radiating patches comprise at least one first radiating patch and at least one second radiating patch;
the first output end is connected with the first feeder line, the second output end is connected with the second feeder line, the first feeder line is connected with the at least one first radiation patch to form a first comb antenna, and the second feeder line is connected with the at least one second radiation patch to form a second comb antenna;
the first radiating patch on the first comb antenna is opposite the second radiating patch on the second comb antenna.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the power divider further comprises a feed segment, a matching segment, a first branch, and a second branch;
the feeder segment, the matching segment, the first branch and the first output end are connected in sequence;
the matching section is also sequentially connected with the second branch and the second output end;
the first branch and the second branch are connected in a V-shaped structure.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the ratio of the amplitudes of the first and second outputs is determined by the impedances of the first and second branches, and the phase difference between the first and second outputs is determined by the lengths of the first and second branches.
4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the first branch and the second branch are symmetrical about a center line in which the feed line segment is located;
or an included angle formed by the first branch and a straight line where the feeder line section is located is different from an included angle formed by the second branch and a straight line where the feeder line section is located, line widths of the first branch and the second branch are respectively a preset first line width and a preset second line width, and lengths of the first branch and the second branch are respectively a preset first length and a preset second length.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of radiating patches includes a plurality of first radiating patches and a plurality of second radiating patches.
6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the at least one first radiating patch and the at least one second radiating patch are spaced apart.
7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the patch width of the first plurality of radiating patches decreases from the center to both sides, and the patch length of the first plurality of radiating patches increases from the center to both sides;
the patch widths of the plurality of second radiation patches are reduced from the center to both sides, and the patch lengths of the plurality of second radiation patches are increased from the center to both sides.
8. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the distance between the first feed line and the second feed line is greater than the length of any one of the radiating patches and less than half of the air wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
9. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein a distance between the adjacent first radiation patch and the second radiation patch is half of a medium wavelength corresponding to a working center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the plurality of radiating patches is half of the medium wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency point of the broadband wide-beam antenna.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120459804.3U CN216055163U (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Wide-bandwidth beam antenna |
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| CN202120459804.3U CN216055163U (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Wide-bandwidth beam antenna |
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| CN216055163U true CN216055163U (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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