CN216055066U

CN216055066U - Box, battery package and vehicle under battery package

Info

Publication number: CN216055066U
Application number: CN202121444981.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹永强; 梁宏伟; 刘崇威; 李岩
Original assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-28
Filing date: 2021-06-28
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-28
Also published as: DE202021107076U1

Abstract

The utility model provides a box, battery package and vehicle under battery package, the box includes boundary beam frame, end backplate and inside crossbeam under the battery package, and the boundary beam frame has inlet port, exhaust passage and exhaust hole, and the inlet port passes through exhaust passage and exhaust hole intercommunication, and the inlet port is used for introducing exhaust passage with the gas fire stream that produces when battery thermal runaway, and the exhaust hole is used for flowing the gas fire stream to the exhaust hole via exhaust passage and discharges down the box main part, and the inlet port divide into two-layer at least. This disclosed box under battery package adopts the heat current distribution design, can realize dredging fast and the pressure release, reduces the local by the impact damage of boundary beam frame, and the high temperature gas stream that thermal runaway erupted simultaneously passes through the dispersion of inlet port and blocks, can effectively avoid producing the naked light in explosion-proof valve export burning.

Description

Box, battery package and vehicle under battery package

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack lower box body, a battery pack and a vehicle.

Background

With the planning and support of the country on the development of new energy automobile industry, electric automobiles are more and more popular, but the safety of batteries becomes an industry pain point. The cumulative occurrence of thermal runaway of an electric automobile battery from 2019 to 2020 has caused more than a hundred cases of vehicle fire accidents. The national release of the strong standard GB 38031 and 2020 Power storage Battery safety requirement for electric vehicles in 2020, the standard clearly requires that the battery pack should provide alarm and protection 5min before the danger of the passenger compartment caused by the thermal runaway of a single battery, and the thermal runaway of the battery pack does not cause fire and does not explode, thereby solving the problems of pain and difficulty in the industry.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present disclosure is directed to a battery pack lower case, which can reasonably guide and shunt a thermal runaway high temperature gas and fire flow, reduce the temperature and pressure of eruption, reduce the local impact damage to a battery wrapping beam frame, and ensure the structural strength and integrity of a battery pack under the thermal runaway condition.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the disclosure is realized as follows:

the utility model provides a battery pack lower box body, including lower box body, lower box body includes boundary beam frame, end backplate and inside crossbeam, through inside crossbeam will a plurality of batteries that are used for holding the battery module are separated into to lower box body hold the chamber, boundary beam frame has inlet port, exhaust passage and exhaust hole, the inlet port passes through exhaust passage with the exhaust hole intercommunication, the inlet port is used for introducing exhaust passage with the gas stream that produces when battery module thermal runaway, the inlet port is used for flowing extremely via exhaust passage the gas stream in exhaust hole discharges lower box body, the inlet port divide into at least two-layer.

Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are arranged in the boundary beam frame to form at least two layers of exhaust channels, and each layer of exhaust channel at least corresponds to one layer of air inlet.

Further, the number of the air inlets of the top layer exhaust channel of the at least two layers of exhaust channels in each battery accommodating cavity is not less than two.

Furthermore, the number of the corresponding air inlets on the top layer exhaust channel is not less than that of the corresponding air inlets on each lower layer exhaust channel.

Further, when the air inlets are divided into at least three layers, the opening area of the air inlets in the middle layer is larger than that of the air inlets in the bottom layer, and the opening area of the air inlets in the bottom layer is larger than that of the air inlets in the top layer.

Further, the air inlet holes are circular, oblong, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal or octagonal.

Further, the exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust device, and the exhaust device is opened under a corresponding pressure threshold value, so that the gas and fire flow can be quickly exhausted.

The utility model discloses a still another battery pack lower box body, which comprises a lower box body and is characterized in that the lower box body comprises a boundary beam frame, a bottom guard plate and an inner cross beam, the lower box body is divided into a plurality of battery accommodating cavities for accommodating battery modules by the inner cross beam, the inner cross beam is provided with an air inlet, the inner cross beam and the boundary beam frame are internally provided with an exhaust channel, the boundary beam frame is provided with an exhaust hole, the air inlet is communicated with the exhaust hole by the exhaust channel, the air inlet is used for leading the air flame flow generated when the battery modules are out of thermal runaway into the exhaust channel, the exhaust hole is used for discharging the air flame flow flowing to the exhaust hole from the lower box body by the exhaust channel, the air inlet is divided into at least two layers, reinforcing ribs are arranged in the inner cross beam to form at least two layers of exhaust channels, and each layer of the exhaust channel at least corresponds to one layer of air inlet, the exhaust channel is communicated with the corresponding air inlet hole.

Further, the boundary beam frame is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is communicated with the exhaust channel.

Furthermore, the number of the corresponding air inlets on the top layer exhaust channel of the at least two layers of exhaust channels is not less than the number of the corresponding air inlets on the lower layer exhaust channel.

The present disclosure also provides a battery pack using the battery pack lower box body.

The present disclosure also provides a vehicle using the battery pack.

Compared with the prior art, the lower box body of the battery pack has the following advantages:

the battery pack lower box body can realize directional discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and fire flow through the multi-layer design of the exhaust channel and the staggered arrangement of the air inlets. When the battery takes place the thermal runaway, the inside very high energy that produces in the twinkling of an eye of battery to along with the burning of high-temperature gas and solid particle eruption thing, the bag internal gas pressure sharply risees, this disclosure the battery package under the box can realize dredging fast and the pressure release, and carry out reasonable direction reposition of redundant personnel, the high-temperature gas stream that the thermal runaway eruption was erupted passes through the dispersion of inlet port and blocks, can effectively reduce the temperature and the pressure of eruption thing, can avoid the local quilt of box to strike the destruction simultaneously. Compared with the prior art, the battery pack and the vehicle have the same advantages as the lower box body of the battery pack, and the detailed description is omitted.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a lower case of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional Y-direction view of an edge beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rocker intake aperture according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a directional exhaust path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals:

a lower box body 1 of the battery pack; a battery module 2; high-low voltage electrical components 3; an upper cover 4; a main exhaust device 5; a sub-exhaust device 6; a lower case main body 100; an edge frame 10; side beams 11, end beams 12; the bulge edge beam 13; a lug beam 14; an inner cross member 15; a bottom guard plate 16; an intake hole 111; exhaust passage 112

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, as embodiments and features of embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that the term "front" in the present disclosure refers to a direction from the tail of the vehicle to the head of the vehicle, and vice versa, the front-back direction is parallel to the X-axis; the term "up" refers to the direction from the bottom of the vehicle to the top of the vehicle, and vice versa, the up-down direction being parallel to the Z-axis. In addition, the references in the present disclosure to be parallel to the X axis (X direction), the Z axis (Z direction), and the Y axis (Y direction) may be completely parallel to the X axis (X direction), the Z axis (Z direction), and the Y axis (Y direction), or may be substantially parallel to the X axis (X direction), the Z axis (Z direction), and the Y axis (Y direction); descriptions about the perpendicular to the X axis (X direction), the Z axis (Z direction) and the Y axis (Y direction) are similar to the descriptions about the parallel directions, and are not repeated herein; the descriptions along the X axis (X direction), the Z axis (Z direction) and the Y axis (Y direction) are similar to the descriptions parallel to the above, and are not repeated herein.

The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying fig. 1 to 5 in conjunction with embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a lower case 1 of a battery pack and a battery pack having the lower case 1 of the battery pack, and the battery pack mainly includes a lower case 1 of the battery pack, a battery module 2, high and low voltage electrical components 3, and an upper cover 4.

Box 1 sealing connection under upper cover 4 and the battery package, a plurality of battery module 2 hold in the accommodation space that forms after box 1 connects under upper cover 4 and the battery package. The upper cover 4 is preferably formed by adopting a high-strength and high-temperature-resistant material stamping process, so that the upper cover is prevented from losing efficacy in advance when the battery is out of control due to heat, and harmful gas or flame is prevented from being sprayed upwards to enter a cabin to cause personal safety accidents.

As shown in fig. 2, the lower case 1 of the battery pack includes a lower case body 100, the lower case body 100 includes an edge beam frame 10, a floor shield 16, and an inner cross member 15, and the edge beam frame 10 includes an edge beam 11 and an end cross member 12. In some embodiments, the upper cover 4 and the lower case 1 are formed with protruding portions in a top view, the protruding portions of the upper cover 4 and the lower case 1 cooperate with each other to form a receiving space for receiving the high-low voltage electrical component 3, and the edge beam frame 10 includes an edge beam 11, an end beam 12, a protruding portion edge beam 13, and a protruding portion beam 14.

The internal beam 15 divides the boundary beam frame 10 into a plurality of battery holding cavities for arranging the battery modules 2 and other components, the battery holding cavities can be designed in an expanded mode according to actual needs, the number and the size of the battery holding cavities can be adjusted according to actual projects, and one, two or more battery modules 2 can be arranged in one independent battery holding cavity. The internal beam 15 plays a physical isolation role between each battery holding cavity, and if thermal runaway occurs in the single battery holding cavity, the phenomenon that the thermal runaway diffusion is spread due to serious streaming formed by the gas and fire flow generated after the thermal runaway in the battery pack can be avoided.

The boundary beam frames 10 are all of a hollow cavity structure, and a sealed and continuous exhaust passage is formed by splicing the boundary beam frames 10, and the exhaust passage can be divided into one layer or multiple layers in the cavity of the boundary beam frame 10 according to the Z direction. In some embodiments, the hollow cavity of the side sill frame 10 is provided with a reinforcing rib, so that different numbers of exhaust passages can be realized, and the exhaust passages with different numbers and cross-sectional shapes are considered in the present disclosure, such as a section shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', a section shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', and the present disclosure takes three exhaust passages shaped like a Chinese character 'mu' as an example for explanation, and as shown in fig. 3, the side sill 11 is divided into a top exhaust passage 112a, a middle exhaust passage 112b, and a bottom exhaust passage 112 c.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the side frame 11 and the battery compartment side are provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 111, the air inlet holes 111 are communicated with the air exhaust channel 112, and different numbers and shapes of air exhaust channels are all considered within the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, to achieve the distribution of the heat flow of the gas-fire flow, the gas inlet holes 111 may be divided into multiple layers in the Z direction, and the number of the gas inlet holes 111 is greater than or equal to the number of the gas outlet channels 112, i.e., each gas outlet channel 112 has at least one layer of the gas inlet holes 111. Taking three exhaust passages shaped like a Chinese character 'mu' as an example, as shown in fig. 4, the top layer intake holes 111a communicate with the top layer exhaust passage 112a, the middle layer intake holes 111b communicate with the middle layer exhaust passage 112b, and the bottom layer intake holes 111 communicate with the bottom layer exhaust passage 112 c.

In some embodiments, the design of the air inlet holes 111 is not limited to the circular structure illustrated in the present disclosure, and may be a long circle, a quadrangle, a hexagon, an octagon, etc., and the positions of the air inlet holes 111 are uniformly arranged according to the principle of flow balanced distribution, so as to prevent the occurrence of an exhaust dead zone.

In some embodiments, the top layer air inlet holes 111a corresponding to the top layer air exhaust channel 112a closest to the upper cover 4 are designed to be small holes, the number of the top layer air inlet holes 111a corresponding to each battery accommodating cavity is not less than two, so as to prevent the boundary beam frame 10 from being damaged by impact when a certain battery module 2 is in thermal runaway, the number of the air inlet holes 111a is not limited to two in the disclosure, the illustration is merely an illustration, and more air inlet holes can be provided. For different design forms of the battery module 2, each layer of the air inlets 111 can be designed to be a plurality of air inlets 111a, but the number of the air inlets 111a connected with the top layer exhaust channel 112a is at least not less than the number of the air inlets 111 connected with each lower exhaust channel 112.

In some embodiments, to equalize the flow rate of the air intake holes 111 and achieve the effect of rapid dissipation, the opening area of the middle air intake hole 111b is larger than that of the bottom air intake hole 111c, and the opening area of the bottom air intake hole 111c is larger than that of the top air intake hole 111 a.

In some embodiments, the exhaust channel and the intake hole are disposed inside the inner beam 15, and the exhaust channel of the inner beam 15 is communicated with the exhaust channel of the side beam 11, and the intake hole is not limited to be disposed only on the side beam as illustrated in the present disclosure, and may be disposed on the end beam 12.

The boundary beam frame 10 is provided with exhaust holes at the position communicated with the outside, the gas and fire flow generated by the thermal runaway of the battery module 2 can be exhausted through each exhaust channel through the exhaust holes, and one or more exhaust holes can be selectively arranged on the boundary beam frame 10. The present disclosure is illustrated with the end cross member 12 and the lip side member 14 incorporating exhaust vents, as shown in fig. 2.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, it is preferable that a vent is provided on the vent hole, and the vent is opened only under a certain pressure, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure fire stream in the vent channel is rapidly discharged from the vent to the space outside the battery pack. Preferably, exhaust apparatus uses explosion-proof valve, and under normal operating mode, explosion-proof valve can play dustproof waterproof and balanced battery package inside and outside pressure's effect.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, when a plurality of exhaust devices are selectively arranged, the plurality of exhaust devices can be divided into a main exhaust device 5 and an auxiliary exhaust device 6, the starting pressure threshold of the main exhaust device 5 is lower than the starting pressure threshold of the auxiliary exhaust device 6, when a certain battery module 2 is out of control due to thermal runaway, the generated fire flows enter corresponding exhaust channels 112 along the air inlet holes 111 on both sides of the accommodating cavity of the battery module 2, and reach the position of the main exhaust device 5 through the continuous exhaust channels 112 of the side frame 10, and the main exhaust device 5 is started when reaching the pressure threshold thereof, so as to form a smooth channel to discharge the fire flows out of the battery pack, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid pressure relief. If higher pressure is generated in the battery pack instantly, the maximum pressure relief capacity of the main exhaust device 5 is exceeded, when the raised pressure reaches the pressure threshold of the auxiliary exhaust device 6, the auxiliary exhaust device 6 is started to quickly relieve the pressure, and the battery pack is prevented from being ignited and exploded. Different placement positions of the main exhaust 5 and the auxiliary exhaust 6 are contemplated by the present disclosure. Preferably, the main exhaust device 5 is provided on the end cross member 12, and the sub exhaust device 6 is provided on the side member 11 and/or the lip side member 13. Preferably, the opening area of the corresponding exhaust hole of the main exhaust device 5 is larger than or equal to the opening area of the corresponding exhaust hole of the auxiliary exhaust device 6.

When a battery cell monomer in a certain battery module 2 is accidentally out of control due to heat, directional explosion venting is performed according to a dotted arrow path shown in fig. 5, high-temperature and high-pressure gas and fire flow enters an exhaust channel of the boundary beam frame 10 from the air inlet holes 111 on two sides of the battery accommodating cavity and circulates towards an exhaust hole in the exhaust channel, and in some embodiments, an exhaust device is arranged at the tail end of the path to realize directional exhaust of the gas and fire flow after the heat is out of control. .

According to the battery pack of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure, comprising: the battery lower case 1 in the above embodiment.

According to a third aspect embodiment of the present disclosure, a vehicle includes: the battery pack in the above embodiment.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lower box body of a battery pack comprises a lower box body main body (100) and is characterized in that the lower box body main body (100) comprises an edge beam frame (10), a bottom guard plate (16) and an internal cross beam (15), the lower box body (100) is divided into a plurality of battery accommodating cavities for accommodating the battery modules (2) through the internal cross beam (15), the boundary beam frame (10) is provided with an air inlet hole (111), an exhaust channel (112) and an exhaust hole, the intake hole (111) communicates with the exhaust hole through the exhaust passage (112), the air inlet holes (111) are used for introducing air and fire flow generated when the battery module (2) is in thermal runaway into the exhaust channel (112), the air inlet holes (111) are used for discharging the air and fire flow flowing to the exhaust holes through the exhaust channel (112) out of the lower box body (100), and the air inlet holes (111) are divided into at least two layers.

2. The lower box body of the battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge beam frame (10) is provided with reinforcing ribs therein to form at least two layers of air exhaust channels (112), and each layer of air exhaust channel corresponds to at least one layer of air inlet holes (111).

3. The lower case for battery packs as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the air intake holes (111a) corresponding to the top vent passage (112a) of the at least two vent passages in each battery receiving chamber is not less than two.

4. The lower box body of the battery pack as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the corresponding air inlets (111a) on the top layer exhaust channel (112a) is not less than the number of the corresponding air inlets on the lower layer exhaust channel.

5. The lower case for battery packs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, when the intake holes are divided into at least three layers, the opening area of the middle layer intake holes (111b) is larger than that of the bottom layer intake holes (111c), and the opening area of the bottom layer intake holes (111c) is larger than that of the top layer intake holes (111 a).

6. The lower case of battery pack as claimed in claim 5, wherein the air intake hole (111) is circular, oblong, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal or octagonal.

7. The lower box body of the battery pack as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vent hole is provided with a vent device, and the vent device is opened under a corresponding pressure threshold value to realize rapid discharge of the gas and fire flow.

8. The lower box body of the battery pack comprises a lower box body main body (100) and is characterized in that the lower box body main body (100) comprises a boundary beam frame (10), a bottom protection plate (16) and an inner cross beam (15), the lower box body main body (100) is divided into a plurality of battery accommodating cavities for accommodating battery modules (2) through the inner cross beam (15), the inner cross beam (15) is provided with an air inlet hole, an exhaust channel is arranged inside the inner cross beam (15) and the boundary beam frame (10), the boundary beam frame (10) is provided with an exhaust hole, the air inlet hole is communicated with the exhaust hole through the exhaust channel, the air inlet hole is used for introducing air and fire flow generated when the battery modules (2) are out of thermal runaway into the exhaust channel, and the exhaust hole is used for exhausting the air and fire flow flowing to the exhaust hole through the exhaust channel out of the lower box body main body (100), the air inlets are divided into at least two layers, the reinforcing ribs are arranged in the internal beam (15) to form at least two layers of the exhaust channel, each layer of the exhaust channel at least corresponds to one layer of air inlet, and the exhaust channel is communicated with the corresponding air inlet.

9. The battery pack lower case according to claim 8, wherein the side frame (10) is provided with an air intake hole (111), and the air intake hole (111) communicates with the air exhaust passage (112).

10. The lower box body of the battery pack as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the number of the corresponding air inlets on the top exhaust channel of the at least two layers of exhaust channels is not less than the number of the corresponding air inlets on the lower exhaust channel of the at least two layers of exhaust channels.

11. The battery pack lower case body of claim 10, wherein when the air intake holes are divided into at least three layers, an opening area of the middle layer air intake holes is larger than an opening area of the bottom layer air intake holes, and an opening area of the bottom layer air intake holes is larger than an opening area of the top layer air intake holes.

12. The lower case of battery pack as claimed in claim 11, wherein the air intake hole (111) is circular, oblong, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal or octagonal.

13. The lower battery pack case body of claim 12, wherein the vent hole is provided with a vent device, and the vent device opens at a corresponding pressure threshold to achieve rapid venting of the fire stream.

14. A battery pack, characterized in that it comprises the battery pack lower case (1) and upper cover (4) of any one of claims 1-13, a battery module (2), and high-low voltage electrical components (3).

15. A vehicle characterized by comprising the battery pack according to claim 14.