CN216043865U - Vertical sand silo device of high-efficient dense enrichment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical sand silo device for efficient thickening enrichment, which comprises a vertical sand silo, a tailing sand feeding system, a thickening pretreatment box arranged between the vertical sand silo and the tailing sand feeding system and a flocculating agent feeding system connected with the thickening pretreatment box. The spiral runner is arranged in the thickening pretreatment box and is used for fully mixing tailings and a flocculating agent and quickly flocculating and thickening the tailings and then feeding the tailings and the flocculating agent into the vertical sand silo. This scheme can prolong the mixing time of tailings and flocculating agent through the heliciform runner, utilizes turbulent state to make tailings and flocculating agent misce bene simultaneously, gets into vertical sand silo after, can realize the wadding group and form fast, and the closely knit tailings of lower floor of extremely fine particle tailings subsides in the clear water district of upper strata with higher speed is distinguished to promote the limit value of sand position. The scheme can also pump the clear water on the upper layer of the vertical sand silo into the thickening pretreatment tank through the water suction pump to adjust the concentration of the tailings, and the problem of muddy filling of overflow backwater is solved.

Description

Vertical sand silo device of high-efficient dense enrichment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of tailing treatment, in particular to a vertical sand silo device for efficient concentration enrichment.

Background

The vertical sand silo is a common cylindrical structure for solid-liquid separation of mine filling tailings, realizes the concentration of the tailings under the action of gravity, and provides high-concentration tailing slurry for preparation of paste filling slurry. And continuously pumping the main tailings of the plant selection into a vertical sand silo, allowing the tailing particles to settle and enrich downwards, overflowing and discharging redundant water from the top of the sand silo to a tailing pond or a mine backwater system, starting a slurry making and sand discharging system at the bottom of the sand silo when the sand level reaches a certain height, feeding high-concentration underflow mortar to stirring equipment at regular time and quantity according to requirements, simultaneously adding cement with a certain proportion into the stirring equipment to prepare paste filling slurry meeting the requirements of an underground mining method, and conveying the paste filling slurry to the underground to finish the filling operation of a goaf.

The vertical sand silo is used as a treatment facility for solid-liquid separation of tailings, is one of key links for realizing paste filling, has a height-diameter ratio (height: diameter of a straight cylinder section) as a design key of the sand silo, and has a value related to the grain size composition of the tailings, the chemical property of mortar, the sand feeding concentration and the like. From the last 90 years to the present, the application of the vertical sand silo is accompanied with the development of the mine full tailing paste filling technology, and the vertical sand silo is widely applied to the filling of colored, black and precious metal mines.

The solid-liquid separation of the tailings in the vertical sand silo aims to obtain high-concentration underflow mortar and clarified overflow water, and in actual production, the underflow sand concentration of the sand silo can be ensured to meet the requirement by means of continuous sand feeding, sand level monitoring, reasonable slurry making and the like. However, when the sand level exceeds a certain range, the solid content of the overflow water of the sand silo is increased along with the rise of the sand level, so that the normal operation of the whole mine system is influenced, and the following three aspects are mainly embodied:

solid particles contained in overflow water are extremely fine particles which cannot be settled in time, cannot be directly recycled, and need to enter a concentration tank of a plant selection for treatment or be discharged to a tailing pond. The overflow water entering the thickening tank influences the normal cycle operation of the plant selection, and simultaneously increases the energy consumption; the extremely fine particle tailings contained in the overflow water entering the tailing pond are difficult to settle, the backwater and the dam body dry spreading of the tailing pond are influenced, and the safety of the tailing pond is threatened.

Secondly, if the overflow water is prevented from running muddy to limit the sand level, the effective utilization rate of the volume of the vertical sand silo is low, the supply of tailings cannot be ensured, the filling capacity of the mine is limited, and the underground mining and filling balance is influenced.

Thirdly, the sand level can be guaranteed to meet the preparation requirement only when reaching a certain height, and the sand level can not meet the requirement when being too low.

In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration and concentration to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment, which comprises a vertical sand silo and a tailing feeding system, and also comprises a thickening pretreatment box arranged between the vertical sand silo and the tailing feeding system and a flocculating agent feeding system connected with the thickening pretreatment box; the thickening pretreatment incasement portion is equipped with the heliciform runner, the heliciform runner is half-opened pipeline for get into after tail sand and flocculating agent intensive mixing and quick flocculation thickening vertical sand silo.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the vertical sand silo comprises an upper layer clear water area and a lower layer compact tailing area; the upper clear water area is provided with a water suction pump which is communicated with a flow passage of the thickening pretreatment tank through a clear water pipeline; and a sand discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the lower-layer compact tail sand area and used for supplying high-concentration tail mortar to the filling and stirring equipment.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the spiral flow channel is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thickening pretreatment box and spirally goes downwards to the discharge hole.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the inlet end of the spiral runner is arranged on the side wall of the thickening pretreatment tank and is communicated with the tailing feeding system; the top of the thickening pretreatment box is provided with a flocculant feeding hole communicated with the flocculant feeding system, and the flocculant feeding hole is coincided with the opening of the spiral runner.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the top of the thickening pretreatment box is provided with at least three flocculant feed inlets, and the flocculant feed inlets are superposed with the opening center line of the spiral flow channel.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the inner wall of the thickening pretreatment tank is provided with a flow channel support member for fixing the spiral flow channel; a discharge port of the thickening pretreatment box is provided with a separation sieve to prevent impurities from entering the vertical sand silo; the discharge hole is of a slope angle structure of 5-20 degrees.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the tailing feeding system comprises a pump station, a main tailing conveying pipe and a sand inlet pipe which are sequentially connected, wherein the sand inlet pipe is communicated with a sand inlet of the thickening pretreatment tank; the flocculant feeding system comprises a dosing machine, a flocculant conveying pipe and a flocculant feeding pipe which are sequentially connected, and the flocculant feeding pipe is communicated with a flocculant feeding hole of the concentration-adjusting pretreatment box.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the tailings feeding system further comprises a concentration meter and a flow meter arranged on the main tailings conveying pipe, and the concentration meter and the flow meter are used for monitoring the treatment capacity of the tailings; a sand level sensor is arranged in the vertical sand silo and used for monitoring the sand level of the lower-layer compact tailing area; the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment further comprises a central control system for controlling the tailing feeding system and the water suction pump.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the motor of the water suction pump (121) has a variable frequency speed regulation function.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment solves the problem of muddy overflow water of the vertical sand silo by arranging the spiral runner pretreatment device, improves the sand level of the sand silo, ensures that the underflow concentration meets the requirement of preparing paste filling slurry, and has the following specific beneficial effects:

(1) can prolong the mixing time of tailings and flocculating agent through the heliciform runner, utilize turbulent state to make tailings and flocculating agent misce bene simultaneously, after getting into vertical sand silo, can realize the wadding group and form fast, the closely knit tailings area of lower floor is subsided to the extremely fine particle tailings in the clear water district of upper strata with higher speed to improve vertical sand silo solid-liquid separation's treatment effeciency, make the overflow water not run muddy. The adverse effect of large amount of solid particles contained in the overflow water on a plant-selection backwater system or a tailing pond is avoided, the secondary treatment cost caused by filling of the overflow backwater is eliminated, and the overall operation efficiency of the mine is improved.

(2) The effective utilization rate of the vertical sand silo is improved, the sand storage height is improved, the filling capacity of the system is increased, and underground mining and filling balance is realized.

(3) High sand level is ensured, high-concentration underflow mortar can be continuously and stably supplied, and paste slurry meeting the underground filling requirement is prepared.

2. According to the utility model, the self clarified water of the vertical sand silo is used for regulating and controlling the sand inlet concentration, so that the flocculation sedimentation can exert the maximum effect, the sand level critical limit value of the sand silo is promoted to the direction beneficial to improving the mine filling efficiency while the clarification of the overflow water is realized, and the filling problem of filling a plurality of vertical sand silos in a mine is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal cross-sectional structure of the thickening pre-treatment tank of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the thickening pre-treatment tank of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a flow channel support in the thickening pretreatment tank.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the thickening pre-treatment tank in FIG. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the thickening pre-treatment tank in fig. 1.

Reference numerals

10-a vertical sand silo; 11-dense tailings area; 12-a clear water area; 121-a water suction pump; 122-clear water pipeline; 13-a sand release valve; 20-thickening pretreatment box; 21-a flow channel; 211-flow channel centerline; 22-a flow channel support; 23-a water inlet; 24-flocculant feed port; 25-separating sieve; 26-a discharge hole; 30-a tailings feed system; 31-a pump station; 32-total tail delivery pipe; 321-a sand inlet pipe; 33-concentration meter; 34-a flow meter; 40-a flocculant feed system; 41-a medicine adding machine; 42-a flocculant conveying pipe; 421-flocculant feeding pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the vertical sand silo apparatus for high efficiency thickening enrichment provided by the present invention includes a vertical sand silo 10, a tailings feeding system 30, a thickening pretreatment tank 20 disposed between the vertical sand silo 10 and the tailings feeding system 30, and a flocculant feeding system 40 connected to the thickening pretreatment tank 20. The concentration-adjusting pretreatment box 20 is internally provided with a spiral runner 21 for fully mixing tailings and a flocculating agent, quickly flocculating and adjusting concentration, and then entering the vertical sand silo 10.

Specifically, the tailings feeding system 30 comprises a pump station 31, a main tailings delivery pipe 32 and a sand inlet pipe 321 which are connected in sequence, wherein the sand inlet pipe 321 is communicated with a sand inlet of the thickening pretreatment tank 20; the flocculant feeding system 40 comprises a dosing machine 41, a flocculant conveying pipe 42 and a flocculant feeding pipe 421 which are connected in sequence, wherein the flocculant feeding pipe 421 is communicated with a flocculant feeding hole 24 of the concentration-adjusting pretreatment tank 20. The sand inlet (i.e., the inlet end of the spiral flow path 21) is preferably provided in the sidewall of the thickening pre-treatment tank 20.

Referring to fig. 4, the spiral flow channel 21 is preferably an upper open pipe, and the open degree is set according to actual requirements, for example, it is a half-open pipe, which is formed by half-sawn pipes and welded elbows, and it is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thickening pretreatment tank 20 and spirals downward to the discharge port 26. So set up, the thick liquid mixes the splash in the runner to improve mixed effect, and the existence of outside box can prevent again that the thick liquid from splashing the outflow extravagant.

Referring to fig. 3, the top of the thickening pre-treatment tank 20 is provided with a flocculant inlet 24 communicated with a flocculant feeding system 40, and the flocculant inlet 24 coincides with the opening of the spiral flow channel 21.

Preferably, the top of the thickening pretreatment tank 20 is provided with at least three flocculant feed inlets 24, and the flocculant feed inlets 24 coincide with the opening center line of the spiral flow channel 21, so that the flocculant is conveyed into the spiral flow channel 21 from the top and mixed with the tailings to realize flocculation thickening.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the inner wall of the thickening pre-treatment tank 20 is provided with a flow channel support 22 for fixing the spiral flow channel 21; a discharge hole 26 of the concentration-adjusting pretreatment box 20 is provided with a 5cm multiplied by 5cm separation sieve 25 to prevent impurities from entering the vertical sand silo 10; the discharge port 26 is of a slope angle structure of 5-20 degrees, and the initial tail mortar can flow into the discharge port 26 in the middle part conveniently. The separating screen is formed by welding round steel with the diameter phi of 5mm, and the periphery of the separating screen and the concentration-adjusting pretreatment box 20 are integrated through spot welding.

The vertical sand silo 10 comprises an upper clear water area 12 and a lower compact tail sand area 11, and a sand discharge valve 13 is arranged at the bottom of the lower compact tail sand area 11 and used for supplying high-concentration tail mortar to a filling and stirring device. Specifically, the upper clear water zone 12 is provided with a water suction pump 121, and the water suction pump 121 is communicated with the flow passage 21 of the thickening pre-treatment tank 20 through a clear water pipe 122, for example, a water inlet 23 communicated with the flow passage 21 is provided at the top of the thickening pre-treatment tank 20. The clear water is pumped into the thickening pretreatment tank 20 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the concentration of the tailings.

In particular, the tailings feed system 30 also includes a concentration meter 33 and a flow meter 34 disposed on the main tailings delivery pipe 32 for monitoring the tailings throughput; a sand level sensor is arranged in the vertical sand silo 10 and used for monitoring the sand level of the lower-layer dense tailing area 11; the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment further comprises a central control system for controlling the tailing feeding system 30 and the water suction pump 121. The central control system calculates the regulated water amount required by the optimal flocculant action concentration in an inversion mode according to the concentration and the flow rate of the mortar in the main tail delivery pipe 32, further gives a motor frequency instruction of the water suction pump 121, and adds clean water to the thickening pretreatment tank 20 to regulate the concentration.

The utility model also provides a regulation and control method of the more than one vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment, which comprises the following steps:

s1, enabling tailings and a flocculating agent to flow to a spiral runner 21 of a thickening pretreatment box 20 through a tailings feeding system 30 and a flocculating agent feeding system 40 respectively, prolonging the mixing time of the tailings and the flocculating agent through the spiral runner 21, uniformly mixing the tailings and the flocculating agent by using a turbulent flow state to obtain initial tailings slurry, and then enabling the initial tailings slurry and the flocculating agent to enter a vertical sand silo 10;

s2, after the initial tail mortar enters the vertical sand silo 10, the rapid formation of flocs is realized, the sedimentation of the superfine-particle tail sand in the upper clear water area 12 to the lower compact tail sand area 11 is accelerated, and the limit value of the sand level is increased;

and S3, when the sand level is close to the limit value, opening a sand discharge valve 13 at the bottom of the vertical sand silo 10, and supplying high-concentration tail mortar to the filling and stirring equipment.

When the sand level approaches to the critical value, the tailing flocculation sedimentation efficiency needs to be increased to avoid the overflow water of the upper clear water area 12 from running muddy, the water suction pump 121 at the top of the vertical sand silo 10 is started, and clear water in the upper clear water area 12 is pumped to the water inlet 23 at the top of the thickening pretreatment tank 20 through the clear water pipeline 122, so that the purpose of adjusting the concentration of the tailing is realized.

In one embodiment, the total tail of the selected factory is transported to a thickening pretreatment tank 20 arranged at the top of the vertical sand silo 10 through a pump station 31, a spiral flow channel 21 inside the thickening pretreatment tank 20 is formed by welding half-sawed pipelines and bent pipes, and is spirally arranged along the tank body, and the downward gradient of 10% is kept until the bottom of the tank body. The flow channel 21 is provided with a flow channel support member 22 at a certain distance, the flow channel support member 22 is a common pipeline support, plays a role in fixing, and the support root is on the wall of the tank, and the support is not described in detail herein.

The top of the thickening pretreatment box 20 is provided with 1 DN80 water inlet 23 and 3 DN15 flocculant feed inlets 24 at intervals along the center line of the flow passage, flocculant solution is prepared by a dosing machine 41 and then added to the flocculant feed inlets 24 through a flocculant conveying pipe 42, the spiral flow passage 21 can prolong the mixing time of tailings and flocculant, and the tailings and the flocculant are uniformly mixed by using the turbulent flow state. The physical and chemical properties of different mine tailings are greatly different, and through qualitative and quantitative tests, proper flocculant types and addition amounts are selected, and further, the mortar concentration with the best flocculation effect is determined, which is the key that tailings and a flocculant are fully mixed in a concentration-adjusting pretreatment tank 20 and then automatically flow into a vertical sand silo 10, so that the rapid formation of flocs is realized, and the sedimentation of the extremely fine particle-coated tailings is accelerated.

The concentration of the tailings slurry in the main tailings delivery pipe 32 is dependent on the beneficiation process and is generally quite different from the appropriate concentration range in which the flocculant is most effective. In the initial stage of sand feeding of the vertical sand silo 10, the sand level is lower, a better sedimentation environment is arranged in the sand silo, the sedimentation interference effect of tailings is small, and the efficiency of solid-liquid separation can ensure that overflow water is clarified; however, when the sand level exceeds the critical value, the overflow water can run muddy due to the reduction of the flocculation and sedimentation efficiency of the tailings. In order to clarify overflow water, it is necessary to take measures to ensure that the concentration of initial tailing slurry mixed by tailing and flocculating agent is maintained in an optimal range in the process of sand level rising, for example, the optimal flocculation and sedimentation concentration range of common copper mine tailing is 13% -18%, so that the superfine particle tailing keeps high sedimentation efficiency, the limit value of the sand level is further improved, and the effective volume utilization rate of the vertical sand silo 10 is improved.

In order to maintain the mortar concentration within the optimal flocculation sedimentation utility range, a concentration meter 33 and a flow meter 34 are installed on the main tail conveying pipe 32 to monitor the tailing treatment capacity, a sand level sensor in the vertical sand silo 10 monitors the limit value between clean water and compact tailing in real time, and the data are transmitted to a filling central control system in real time. When the sand level approaches to the critical value, the tailing flocculation sedimentation efficiency needs to be increased to avoid the overflow water from running muddy, the water suction pump 121 at the top of the vertical sand silo 10 is started to pump the clear water pipeline 122 on the surface of the sand silo to the water inlet 23 at the top of the thickening pretreatment tank 20, and the purpose of adjusting the concentration of the tailing is achieved. The motor of the water suction pump 121 has a frequency conversion speed regulation function, and can be monitored and regulated by a filling central control system, a central control system programming module designs a logic program of the concentration regulation, and the regulated water amount required by the optimal flocculant action concentration is calculated in an inversion mode according to the concentration and the flow of the mortar in the main tail delivery pipe 32, so that a motor frequency instruction of the water suction pump 121 is given, and clear water is added into the thickening pretreatment tank 20 to regulate the concentration. When the sand level approaches to the limit value, the sand discharge valve 13 at the bottom of the vertical sand silo 10 is opened to supply high-concentration tail mortar to the filling and stirring equipment, so that a solid-liquid separation system of the sand silo forms dynamic balance, the continuous discharge of the high-concentration tail mortar is realized, and the solid content of overflow water is controlled.

Example 1

The system is applied to certain copper mine in the north of Hu, the proportion of ultra-fine tailings with the particle size of-20 mu m is about 45%, the concentration of concentration treatment carried by the total tailings of a selecting factory to a vertical sand silo is 40% -45%, the height of a straight barrel section of the sand silo is 12m, in actual production, after the sand level is higher than 5m, overflow water of the sand silo begins to run muddy, when the sand level is higher than 7m, the concentration of the overflow water can reach 15% -20%, the sand silo is actually changed into a grading device, coarse-particle tailings are rapidly settled, fine-particle tailings return to a dense pool of the selecting factory along with the overflow water, mineral separation backwater is greatly influenced, and the underground filling capacity is insufficient, so that the productivity is directly influenced.

After a flocculation sedimentation test, the optimal concentration of flocculation of the tailings is determined to be 17% -19%, and the water suction pump 121 is additionally arranged at the top of the vertical sand silo 10, and the central control system is programmed according to the logic of the method, so that the concentration of the tailings mortar before entering the sand silo is adjusted to be in an optimal range. The flocculant solution and the tailing slurry are fully mixed in the thickening pretreatment tank 20, and fine-particle tailing slurry is wrapped by flocs after entering the vertical sand silo 10, so that the sedimentation is fast, and the purpose of clarifying overflow water is realized. After the system is used, the overflow backwater clarification can be still ensured when the sand level of the copper ore vertical sand silo reaches 8-9 m, and enough sand level can maintain the underflow sand discharge concentration to meet the requirement of preparing paste filling slurry.

Example 2

The system is adopted for solving the problems of muddy running and high fluctuation of underflow concentration of a certain lead-zinc ore in Jiangxi, the mine tailing with the particle size of-20 mu m accounts for about 38%, the content of fine particles is high, the ore is difficult to settle in a sand silo, the pressure of sewage treatment of an environment-friendly center of the mine is increased by the excessively high solid content of overflow water, the sand level is continuously maintained at a low level in a mode of filling and discharging sand while sand feeding, the height of a straight barrel section of the sand silo is 11m, the sand level is 4-5 m during production, the sand feeding concentration of the sand silo is 25-30%, and the concentration of the overflow water is 5-10%.

After tailing flocculation and sedimentation tests, the optimal action concentration range is determined to be 15% -17%, after the system is applied, newly added data such as a sand inlet flow meter, a concentration meter, a sand bin sand level meter and the like are interlocked with the frequency of a motor of a water suction pump 121 through programming, so that the sand inlet concentration of the vertical sand bin 10 is kept in the optimal flocculation and sedimentation effect range, the sand level is stably kept at about 7m under a production mode of inlet and outlet, the underflow concentration of the vertical sand bin 10 meets the requirement of preparing filling paste, and overflow backwater is clarified.

In conclusion, the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment and the regulation and control method thereof provided by the utility model have the advantages that the spiral runner pretreatment device is arranged in front of the vertical sand silo, so that the mixing time of the tailings and the flocculating agent is prolonged, and the tailings and the flocculating agent are mixed more uniformly by utilizing the spiral turbulent flow state; after entering the vertical sand silo, the rapid formation of flocs can be realized, and the sedimentation of the extremely fine particle tailings in the upper clear water area to the lower compact tailing area is accelerated, so that the limit value of the sand level is improved. The utility model also pumps the clear water on the upper layer of the vertical sand silo into the concentration-adjusting pretreatment tank through the water suction pump to adjust the concentration of the tailings, thereby eliminating the problem of muddy filling of the overflow backwater.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment comprises a vertical sand silo (10) and a tailing sand feeding system (30), and is characterized by further comprising a concentration adjusting pretreatment box (20) arranged between the vertical sand silo (10) and the tailing sand feeding system (30) and a flocculating agent feeding system (40) connected with the concentration adjusting pretreatment box (20); the thickening pretreatment box (20) is internally provided with a spiral runner (21), and the spiral runner (21) is a half-open pipeline and is used for fully mixing tailings and a flocculating agent and quickly flocculating and thickening the tailings and then enabling the tailings and the flocculating agent to enter the vertical sand silo (10).

2. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment according to the claim 1, characterized in that the vertical sand silo (10) comprises an upper clear water area (12) and a lower dense tailing area (11); the upper layer clear water area (12) is provided with a water suction pump (121), and the water suction pump (121) is communicated with a flow passage (21) of the thickening pretreatment tank (20) through a clear water pipeline (122); and a sand discharge valve (13) is arranged at the bottom of the lower-layer compact tailing area (11) and used for supplying high-concentration tailing slurry to the filling and stirring equipment.

3. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment according to claim 1, wherein the spiral flow channel (21) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thickening pretreatment tank (20) and spirally downwards to the discharge hole (26).

4. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment according to claim 3, wherein the inlet end of the spiral flow channel (21) is arranged on the side wall of the thickening pretreatment tank (20) and is communicated with the tailing sand feeding system (30); the top of the thickening pretreatment box (20) is provided with a flocculant feeding hole (24) communicated with the flocculant feeding system (40), and the flocculant feeding hole (24) is coincided with an opening of the spiral flow channel (21).

5. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment according to claim 4, wherein the top of the thickening pretreatment tank (20) is provided with at least three flocculant feed inlets (24), and the flocculant feed inlets (24) are overlapped with the opening center line of the spiral runner (21).

6. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall of the thickening pretreatment tank (20) is provided with a flow channel support (22) for fixing the spiral flow channel (21); a discharge hole (26) of the thickening pretreatment box (20) is provided with a separating screen (25) to prevent impurities from entering the vertical sand silo (10); the discharge hole (26) is of a slope angle structure of 5-20 degrees.

7. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency thickening enrichment according to claim 2, characterized in that the tailing feed system (30) comprises a pump station (31), a main tailing conveying pipe (32) and a sand inlet pipe (321) which are connected in sequence, wherein the sand inlet pipe (321) is communicated with a sand inlet of the thickening pretreatment tank (20); the flocculant feeding system (40) comprises a dosing machine (41), a flocculant conveying pipe (42) and a flocculant feeding pipe (421) which are connected in sequence, wherein the flocculant feeding pipe (421) is communicated with a flocculant feeding hole (24) of the thickening pretreatment box (20).

8. The vertical sand silo device for high efficiency concentration enrichment according to claim 7, characterized in that the tailings feed system (30) further comprises a concentration meter (33) and a flow meter (34) arranged on the main tailings conveying pipe (32) for monitoring the throughput of the tailings.

9. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment according to the claim 8, characterized in that a sand level sensor is arranged in the vertical sand silo (10) and is used for monitoring the sand level of the lower-layer dense tailing area (11); the vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment further comprises a central control system used for controlling the tailing feeding system (30) and the water suction pump (121).

10. The vertical sand silo device for high-efficiency concentration enrichment according to claim 9, wherein the motor of the water suction pump (121) has a variable-frequency speed regulation function.

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