CN216043748U - Disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on two-way shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on two-way shape memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN216043748U CN216043748U CN202122361918.7U CN202122361918U CN216043748U CN 216043748 U CN216043748 U CN 216043748U CN 202122361918 U CN202122361918 U CN 202122361918U CN 216043748 U CN216043748 U CN 216043748U
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- memory alloy
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- smoke
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001083514 Gayophytum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on a two-way shape memory alloy, which comprises a memory alloy segment, wherein the memory alloy segment comprises a memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe and a concrete segment, a plurality of concrete segments are spliced together to form the inner wall of a tunnel, a plurality of rows of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are distributed on the inner wall of the tunnel in an arc shape, and the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are arranged on the concrete segment in a penetrating way. The marmem smoke exhaust pipe is a two-way marmem, and is of a solid structure at normal temperature and a longitudinally elongated hollow tubular structure at high temperature. This application can be effective safe with inside a large amount of smog in tunnel and toxic gas discharge, reduce and avoid smog and gaseous gathering in the tunnel even to heat conductivility through memory alloy is outside the heat direction tunnel with the tunnel inside.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on a two-way shape memory alloy.
Background
With the maturity of the shield tunnel technology, the shield tunnel is rapidly developed, and has already occupied the main position of tunnel construction, and the demand of the tunnel is increasing continuously. However, in the process of putting into use, the tunnel also has many problems, and tunnel segments are often deformed due to frost heaving in high and cold low-temperature areas, so that the bearing capacity of the tunnel is finally weakened, and the service life of the tunnel is shortened. The high-temperature environment, especially the fire-proof emergency measures are always the difficult problems to be faced in the tunnel operation process.
The tunnel fire is different from the ground building fire, the tunnel has higher tightness and low internal oxygen content, and when the fire breaks out, the combustion objects can not be fully combusted, a large amount of incomplete combustion products are generated, and then a large amount of toxic smoke and gas are generated, the toxic smoke is rapidly gathered in the closed space of the tunnel, and the temperature is rapidly increased; under this kind of state, the inside environment in tunnel will become very abominable, often causes the conflagration to be unable in time put out a fire and rescues, and long-time high temperature will lead to the tunnel lining section of jurisdiction to warp and destroy, and bearing structure in case destroy, the tunnel will have the risk that the part collapses, causes the loss of people's life and property, also causes the loss that is difficult to estimate simultaneously for the tunnel operation.
The current precautionary measures for tunnel fire mainly include the following points: firstly, adopting a high-temperature resistant concrete material; setting fireproof isolation for different sections of the tunnel; thirdly, improving the design of safe evacuation and fire alarm; and fourthly, setting a natural ventilation opening and a smoke exhaust fan. However, the effect of the precautionary measures is not obvious, so that the re-search for a tunnel fire-proof emergency measure is of great significance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on a two-way shape memory alloy, which can stably reduce tunnel deformation caused by frost heaving in high-cold and low-temperature environments, and can automatically discharge smoke and toxic gas generated in a tunnel when a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, thereby preventing a bearing structure from being damaged.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, this application provides disaster prevention and reduction shield constructs section of jurisdiction based on two-way shape memory alloy, including the memory alloy section of jurisdiction, the memory alloy section of jurisdiction is including memory alloy exhaust pipe and concrete section of jurisdiction, and is a plurality of the concrete section of jurisdiction concatenation forms the tunnel inner wall together, it has multirow memory alloy exhaust pipe to be arc distribution on the tunnel inner wall, memory alloy exhaust pipe link up the setting on the concrete section of jurisdiction.
Furthermore, the smoke exhaust device comprises smoke collecting pipes and an underground smoke exhaust chimney, each memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the corresponding smoke collecting pipe, and the smoke collecting pipes are arranged above the inner wall of the tunnel and connected with the underground smoke exhaust chimney.
Furthermore, the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe is a two-way memory alloy, and is of a solid structure at normal temperature and a longitudinally elongated hollow tubular structure at high temperature.
Furthermore, a fan is arranged at the position, exposed out of the ground, of the ground smoke exhaust chimney, and is used for pumping out and discharging smoke and toxic gas in the tunnel.
Furthermore, a plurality of rows of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are radially arranged in the concrete pipe piece positioned at the arch top of the tunnel.
Furthermore, the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes in the same longitudinal section of the tunnel are connected to the same smoke collecting pipe.
Furthermore, the concrete pipe piece is a high-temperature-resistant concrete pipe piece.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model can obtain the following technical effects: this application can be effective safe with inside a large amount of smog in tunnel and toxic gas discharge, reduce and avoid smog and gaseous gathering in the tunnel even to heat conductivility through memory alloy is outside the heat direction tunnel with the tunnel inside. Through the emergent shield of this application conflagration section of jurisdiction of improving tunnel inside adverse conditions under the conflagration condition greatly, be favorable to in time putting out a fire disaster and in the tunnel personnel in time sparse, reduce the risk of tunnel structure destruction, save the tunnel operation investment, from the root cause solution problem of the inside conflagration severity in tunnel, be fit for extensive popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fire emergency shield segment along a longitudinal section of a tunnel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a row of smoke evacuation devices;
the sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. discharging cigarette ends on the ground surface; 2, a fan; 3. a smoke outlet; 4. an underground smoke exhaust chimney; 5. a smoke collecting pipe; 6. a memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe; 7. a concrete segment; 8. and (4) shield tunneling.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on a two-way shape memory alloy, including a memory alloy segment and a smoke evacuation device; the marmem pipe piece comprises a marmem smoke exhaust pipe 6 and a concrete pipe piece 7; the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 is arranged in the concrete pipe piece 7 along the radial direction of the tunnel, and when smoke and toxic gas float to the top of the tunnel, the smoke and the toxic gas are exhausted to the outside through the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6. The fume extractor comprises a fume collecting pipe and an underground fume extracting chimney 4. The smoke collecting pipe 5 is arranged above the concrete pipe piece 7 (on the outer surface of the tunnel) and connected with the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6, the memory alloy is solid at normal temperature, and the smoke collecting pipe 5 is not communicated with the tunnel. When a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, the temperature rises to enable the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 to be a hollow tubular structure to be communicated with the smoke collecting pipe 5, and the smoke collecting pipe 5 is connected with the underground smoke exhaust chimney 4, so that the communication between the interior of the tunnel and the ground is realized; bury the tip that smoke exhaust chimney 4 exposes ground and be equipped with earth's surface and arrange cigarette end 1, set up earth's surface and arrange the cigarette end and have rainwater backward flow, prevent the ability that silt stone piece got into, earth's surface is arranged cigarette end 1 below and is a plurality of exhaust ports, install fan 2 in the earth's surface arranges cigarette end 1, can be with intraductal gas toward outside pumping, the model of fan is confirmed according to required wind speed. Smoke and toxic gas in the shield tunnel 8 are discharged in time through the structure, and the rescue environment deterioration in the tunnel is avoided or the rescue environment in the tunnel is improved.
The memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe is a two-way memory alloy, is of a solid structure at a normal temperature (lower than 40 degrees) and is of a hollow tubular structure extending longitudinally at a high temperature (higher than 200 degrees). Before use, the memory alloy is made into a tubular structure at a high temperature state, and then is changed into a solid tubular structure with the same diameter at a normal temperature state. Thus, the shape of the two-way memory alloy can be memorized in two states of high temperature and normal temperature, and when the external temperature reaches two limit temperatures (transformation temperature), the memory alloy automatically memorizes and restores the shape at the temperature.
The vault position of the shield tunnel is set to be a memory alloy pipe piece, the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe is arranged along the tangential direction of the tunnel, each row of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel, the inner end of each row of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes is located in the inner space of the tunnel, and the outer end of each row of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes is connected with a smoke collection pipe and located in the smoke collection pipe.
High and cold low temperature area often arouses the tunnel deformation because tunnel crack department produces the frost heaving, in this application shield tunnel 8 structure, shape memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 is solid state under the low temperature environment to tunnel and fume extractor pass through memory alloy and discharge fume 6 and link together, can stabilize tunnel structure through fume extractor, reduce the tunnel deflection.
When a fire disaster occurs in the tunnel, a large amount of incompletely combusted products are generated due to the closed space and the lower oxygen content in the tunnel, and a large amount of smoke and toxic gas are generated at the same time and are gathered in the closed space of the tunnel, so that the temperature in the tunnel is gradually increased, and when the high-temperature state of the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 is reached, the solid memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe in the concrete pipe sheet is changed into a longitudinally elongated hollow pipe, so that the space in the tunnel is communicated with the smoke collecting pipe 5 outside the tunnel, and is communicated with the ground surface through the buried smoke exhaust chimney 4; the smoke and the toxic gas in the tunnel flow to the smoke collecting pipe 5 through the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 of the vault, and meanwhile, the fan 2 in the ground surface smoke exhaust head 1 is started to pump and exhaust the smoke and the toxic gas in the smoke collecting pipe 5 to the ground surface. Moreover, because the heat conductivity of the concrete is poor, the heat in the tunnel is evacuated to the outside of the tunnel through the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6, and the smoke is exhausted and the heat is evacuated after a period of time, so that the condition of a fire in the tunnel is improved, and the fire in the tunnel is suppressed; when the temperature of the fire area is gradually reduced to the normal temperature state after the fire is completely suppressed, the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe 6 is restored to the solid state at the normal temperature, the space between the tunnel interior and the smoke collecting pipe 5 is isolated, and sundries are prevented from entering the tunnel from the smoke collecting pipe 5. The device's realization process is simple and convenient, and is economical and effective, has apparent effect to the emergent of conflagration in the tunnel, realizes effectively quick automatic handling conflagration scene, guarantees tunnel safety's purpose.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy is characterized by comprising a memory alloy segment, wherein the memory alloy segment comprises a memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe and a concrete segment, the concrete segments are spliced together to form the inner wall of a tunnel, a plurality of rows of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are distributed on the inner wall of the tunnel in an arc shape, and the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are arranged on the concrete segment in a penetrating manner.
2. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy according to claim 1, further comprising a smoke exhaust device, wherein the smoke exhaust device comprises smoke collecting pipes and an underground smoke exhaust chimney, each of the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes is connected to the corresponding smoke collecting pipe, and the smoke collecting pipes are arranged above the inner wall of the tunnel and connected with the underground smoke exhaust chimney.
3. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy of claim 1, wherein the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipe is a two-way memory alloy, and has a solid structure at normal temperature and a longitudinally elongated hollow tubular structure at high temperature.
4. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein a fan is installed at the position of the ground-exposed head of the underground smoke exhaust chimney to draw out and discharge smoke and toxic gas in the tunnel.
5. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes are radially arranged in the concrete segment positioned at the arch top of the tunnel.
6. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy of claim 1, wherein the memory alloy smoke exhaust pipes in the same longitudinal section of the tunnel are connected to the same smoke collecting pipe.
7. The disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on the two-way shape memory alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete segment is a high temperature resistant concrete segment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122361918.7U CN216043748U (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on two-way shape memory alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122361918.7U CN216043748U (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on two-way shape memory alloy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216043748U true CN216043748U (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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| CN202122361918.7U Active CN216043748U (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Disaster prevention and reduction shield segment based on two-way shape memory alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113982670A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-28 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | Novel tunnel structure based on shape memory alloy |
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2021
- 2021-09-28 CN CN202122361918.7U patent/CN216043748U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113982670A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-28 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | Novel tunnel structure based on shape memory alloy |
| CN113982670B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-08-16 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel structure based on shape memory alloy |
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