SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a separation system for fatty acid and oil in a grease byproduct, which accurately separates and recycles a mixture of crude fatty acid and oil, does not generate any pollutant to the environment on the premise of fine separation, recycles heat in each link, fully recycles the heat in raw materials, and is beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a separation system for fatty acid and oil in a grease byproduct sequentially comprises a fatty acid purification, soap removal and dehydration process, an acid oil decoloration process, a filtration process and a separation process.
Further, the fatty acid purification, soap removal and dehydration process comprises a raw material tank, wherein the raw material is sent into a first centrifugal machine for centrifugal separation through a pump at an outlet of the raw material tank, the separated material is divided into two paths, one path of light component is sent into a mixer from the top of the first centrifugal machine and is mixed with hot water from a hot water tank and then is sent into a washing tank for washing reaction, the other path of heavy component flows out from an outlet on the side surface of the first centrifugal machine and is sent into a saponin tank for reuse, the material discharged from an outlet of the washing tank is sent into a second centrifugal machine for centrifugal separation, the separated raw material is divided into two paths of an oil phase and a water phase mixture, the oil phase is sent into a storage tank for storage after heat exchange through a first plate heat exchanger, and the water phase mixture is sent into an oil-water separator for further standing separation.
Further, the first centrifugal machine and the second centrifugal machine are disc-type centrifugal machines, waste outlets are formed in the first centrifugal machine and the second centrifugal machine, the waste outlet of the first centrifugal machine is communicated with a saponin tank, the waste outlet of the second centrifugal machine is communicated with an oil-water separator inlet, and the saponin tank outlet is communicated with a buffer tank inlet of an acidification section; an oil-water separation partition plate is arranged in the oil-water separator, and the height of the partition plate is lower than that of the side wall of the oil-water separator; the raw material tank is also provided with a return pipe, and the unqualified raw materials of the first centrifugal machine and the second centrifugal machine flow back to the raw material tank to be continuously separated for use.
Further, the acid oil decoloring procedure comprises a vacuum drying tower for drying a mixture of fatty acid and oil, a first shielding pump for feeding the mixture into a second plate heat exchanger for heat exchange after the mixture is dried by the vacuum drying tower, a premixing tank for mixing with clay, a decoloring tower connected with an outlet of the premixing tank, and a raw material pumped out from an outlet of the decoloring tower through a centrifugal pump and fed into a blade filter of the filtering procedure.
Furthermore, the number of the second plate heat exchangers is two, the raw materials coming out of the vacuum drying tower are divided into two paths and enter the second plate heat exchangers respectively for heat exchange, then the two paths of raw materials are converged and sent into the premixing tank, a liquid foam catcher is arranged at the top of the decoloring tower, and the raw materials of a liquid outlet pipe at the bottom of the decoloring tower are divided into two paths and are sent to a filtering process for standby after heat exchange with 4bar steam respectively.
Further, the filtering process comprises a leaf filter, an outlet at the bottom of the leaf filter is connected with a dragon conveyor, a discharge port and a feed inlet are arranged on the leaf filter, the feed inlet is positioned at the bottom of the leaf filter, a discharge port is arranged in the middle of the leaf filter and directly conveys materials to a material storage tank, an outlet pipeline is further arranged at the upper part of the leaf filter, a purging pipeline is arranged on the outlet pipeline and communicated with a 4bar saturated steam pipeline, an oil-gas separator is arranged at the tail end of the outlet pipeline, a liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the oil-gas separator and connected with a turbid oil tank, a gas outlet is arranged at the upper part of the oil-gas separator, a cake blowing condenser is arranged at the end part of the gas outlet, the material is conveyed into a decoloring tower in a decoloring section through a centrifugal pump by the outlet of the turbid oil tank, bypasses are arranged on the feed inlet and the discharge port of the leaf filter, the bypass all is linked together with the dirty oil jar, the leaf filter still is equipped with an air intlet, the air intlet is linked together with 6bar compressed steam pipeline, the leaf filter is two, and two leaf filters set up in parallel, still include the filter plate washing tank.
Further, the separation process comprises a vacuum gas separator for performing vacuum gas separation on the raw material from the filtration process, the raw material from the vacuum gas separator is sent to a first heat exchanger for heat exchange through a second shield pump, the raw material subjected to heat exchange from the first heat exchanger is sent to a second heat exchanger for further heat exchange, the raw material from the second heat exchanger is sent to a third heat exchanger for heat exchange and then sent to a deacidification tower for further treatment, the fatty acid at the top of the deacidification tower is fed into a fatty acid circulation tank for collection after being supplemented by a catcher, the high-temperature separated oil is sent to the second heat exchanger through the third shield pump for further waste heat recovery and then sent to the first heat exchanger for further recovery and utilization, finally the low-temperature oil is sent to a plate heat exchanger for further utilization in the decoloration process, the fatty acid circulation tank is provided with a highest liquid level line, the bottom of the fatty acid circulation tank is sent to a third plate heat exchanger through a fourth shield pump when the liquid level in the fatty acid circulation tank is higher than the highest liquid level line, and then a part of the low-temperature oil is sent to an outdoor fatty acid tank, the other part is sent to a deacidification tank for further complement.
A process for separating fatty acids from oil in a grease byproduct, comprising the steps of:
1) sending the mixture of the acetic fatty acid and the oil from the acidification section to a fatty acid purification, soaping and dehydration process for purification, and washing out the sodium salt solution by adding water for washing;
2) the mixture of the purified crude fatty acid and the oil is sent to an acid oil decoloring procedure, pigment and colloid are removed through a clay decoloring tower, and the decolored clay is sent to a biological fertilizer for reuse;
3) the mixture of the crude fatty acid and the oil after the decoloration treatment is sent to a filtering procedure for filtration and then sent to a separating procedure for fatty acid and oil separation, pure fatty acid and neutral oil are obtained after the treatment of a three-stage heat exchanger and a deacidification tower, the neutral oil is sent to a heat exchanger for waste heat recovery and reutilization, and the fatty acid is collected and reused after being supplemented.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. according to the utility model, the purification, soaping and dehydration of the fatty acid provide powerful help for the decoloration, filtration and separation of the crude fatty acid in the later period, the application range of the fatty acid is widened, the purity of the fatty acid extraction in the later period is improved, each raw material in the grease by-product is fully utilized, and a reflux retreatment link is arranged in the separation and purification process, so that the quality of the purified raw material is further ensured;
2. in the acid oil decoloring process, a leaf filter is adopted, a gas path which is arranged on the leaf filter and communicated with a 6bar compressed steam pipeline ensures that solid matters on a filter sheet can be smoothly swept to prevent blockage, and the swept argil is rich in organic matters and is sent to a biological fermentation fertilizer making working section, so that on one hand, the treated wastes are reused, and on the other hand, a pollution-free treatment process is also realized;
3. the three-level heat exchanger heat exchange system is used in the acid-oil separation process, the heat exchange system exchanges heat between high-temperature oil in the acidification tank and the feeding material, the waste heat is further recycled, the investment of energy sources is greatly saved, and the economic burden and pollution discharge of enterprises are reduced.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the separation system for fatty acid and oil in grease by-products sequentially comprises a fatty acid purification, soap removal and dehydration process, an acid oil decolorization process, a filtering process and a separation process, wherein the fatty acid purification, soap removal and dehydration process comprises a raw material tank 141, the raw material is sent to a first centrifuge 143 through a centrifugal pump 142 at an outlet of the raw material tank 141 for centrifugal separation, the separated material is divided into two paths, one path of light component is sent to a mixer 144 from the top of the first centrifuge 143 to be mixed with hot water from a hot water tank 145 and then sent to a washing tank 146 for washing reaction, the hot water in the hot water tank 145 is mainly from the hot water recovered from waste hot steam in the whole process, the other path of heavy component flows out from an outlet of the side of the first centrifuge 143 to be sent to a saponin tank 147 for reuse, the material from an outlet of the washing tank 146 is sent to a second centrifuge 148 for centrifugal separation, and the separated raw material is divided into two paths of an oil phase and a water phase mixture, the oil phase is sent to a storage tank for storage after being subjected to heat exchange through a first plate heat exchanger 149, the water phase mixture is sent to an oil-water separator 1410 for further standing separation, the first centrifuge 143 and the second centrifuge 148 are disc centrifuges, waste outlets are arranged on the first centrifuge 143 and the second centrifuge 148, the waste outlet of the first centrifuge 143 is communicated with a saponin tank 147, an outlet of the saponin tank 147 is communicated with an inlet of a buffer tank of an acidification section and sends raw materials to the buffer tank through a rotor pump, a waste outlet of the second centrifuge 148 is communicated with an inlet of the oil-water separator 1410, an oil-water separation partition plate is arranged inside the oil-water separator 1410, the height of the partition plate is lower than the height of the side wall of the oil-water separator 1410, the height of a solution in the oil-water separator is higher than that of the partition plate, the partition plate separates light oil components at the upper layer in the oil-water separator into an oil storage cavity, and oil in the oil storage cavity is further recycled through a centrifugal pump in an acid removal buffer tank, the raw material tank is also provided with a return pipe, unqualified raw materials of the first centrifugal machine and the second centrifugal machine flow back to the raw material tank to be continuously separated for use, and when the equipment is not started or the treated raw materials are unqualified, the centrifugal machine flows back to the raw material tank 1 again through the return pipe to be purified and separated again.
The acid oil decoloring process comprises a vacuum drying tower for drying a mixture of fatty acid and oil, a first shielding pump 152 for sending the dried mixture into a second plate heat exchanger 153 for heat exchange after the dried mixture passes through the vacuum drying tower 151, a premixing tank 154 for mixing with clay, a decoloring tower 155 connected with an outlet of the premixing tank 154, and a raw material pumped from an outlet of the decoloring tower 155 through a centrifugal pump and sent to a blade filter 156 of a filtering process, wherein the number of the second plate heat exchangers 153 is two, the raw material discharged from the vacuum drying tower 151 enters the second plate heat exchanger 153 for heat exchange in two ways respectively and then is converged and sent into the premixing tank 154, a liquid foam catcher 156 is arranged at the top of the decoloring tower 155, and the raw material discharged from a liquid outlet pipe at the bottom of the decoloring tower 155 is sent to the filtering process for later use through the centrifugal pump after the heat exchange with 4bar steam in two ways respectively.
Further, the filtering process comprises a leaf filter 161, an outlet at the bottom of the leaf filter 161 is connected with a dragon conveyor, the leaf filter 161 is provided with a discharge port 162 and a feed port 163, the feed port 163 is positioned at the bottom of the leaf filter 161, the middle of the leaf filter 161 is provided with a discharge port for directly conveying the material to a material storage tank, the upper part of the leaf filter 161 is also provided with an outlet pipeline 164, the outlet pipeline 164 is provided with a purging pipeline, the purging pipeline is communicated with a 4bar saturated steam pipeline, the tail end of the outlet pipeline is provided with an oil-steam separator 165, the bottom of the oil-steam separator 165 is provided with a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected with a turbid oil tank 166, the upper part of the oil-steam separator 165 is provided with a gas outlet, the end part of the gas outlet is provided with a cake blowing condenser 167, the outlet of the turbid oil tank 166 sends the material to a decoloring tower in a decoloring section through a centrifugal pump for further decoloring, all be equipped with the bypass on leaf filter 161 feed inlet and the discharge gate pipeline, the bypass all is linked together with dirty oil tank 166, leaf filter 161 still is equipped with an air intlet, air intlet is linked together with 6 bar's compressed steam pipeline, leaf filter is two, and two leaf filters connect the setting in parallel, still include filter plate washing tank 168.
Further, the separation process comprises a vacuum gas separator 171 for vacuum gas separation of the raw material from the filtration process, the raw material from the vacuum gas separator 171 is sent to a first heat exchanger 173 for heat exchange through a second shield pump 172, the raw material subjected to heat exchange from the first heat exchanger 173 is sent to a second heat exchanger 174 for further heat exchange, the raw material from the second heat exchanger 174 is sent to a third heat exchanger 175 for heat exchange and then sent to a deacidification tower 176 for further treatment, the fatty acid on the top of the deacidification tower 176 is fed to a fatty acid circulation tank 177 for collection after being supplemented by a catcher, the high-temperature separated oil is sent to the second heat exchanger 174 through a third shield pump 178 for further waste heat recovery and then sent to the first heat exchanger 173 for further recovery and utilization, finally the low-temperature oil is sent to the plate heat exchanger of the decoloration process for further utilization, the fatty acid circulation tank 177 is provided with a highest liquid level line, and the bottom of the fatty acid circulation tank 177 is sent to a third plate heat exchanger 179 through a fourth shield pump 179 when the liquid level in the fatty acid circulation tank 177 is higher than the highest liquid level line After heat exchange, one part of the 1710 enters an outdoor fatty acid tank, and the other part of the 1710 enters an acid removal tank for further supplement and collection.
A process for separating fatty acids from oil in a grease byproduct, comprising the steps of: sending the mixture of the acetic fatty acid and the oil from the acidification section to a fatty acid purification, soaping and dehydration process for purification, and washing out the sodium salt solution by adding water for washing; the mixture of the purified crude fatty acid and the oil is sent to an acid-oil decoloring process, pigment and colloid are removed through a clay decoloring tower, and the decolored clay is sent to a biological fertilizer for reuse, so that the treated waste is reused, and a pollution-free treatment process is also realized; the mixture of the crude fatty acid and the oil after the decoloration treatment is sent into a filtering process to be filtered and then sent into a separating process to separate the fatty acid and the oil, pure fatty acid and neutral oil are obtained after the treatment of a three-stage heat exchanger and a deacidification tower, the neutral oil is sent into the heat exchanger again to be recycled after waste heat recovery, the fatty acid is collected and recycled after being complemented, the waste heat is further recycled, the input of energy sources is greatly saved, and the economic burden of enterprises and the pollution caused by heating with fire coal are reduced.