CN216000923U - Secondary throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount - Google Patents
Secondary throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN216000923U CN216000923U CN202121752581.6U CN202121752581U CN216000923U CN 216000923 U CN216000923 U CN 216000923U CN 202121752581 U CN202121752581 U CN 202121752581U CN 216000923 U CN216000923 U CN 216000923U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a two-stage throttling precooling concrete production system with low refrigerant charge capacity, wherein a cold water refrigeration compressor, an air-cooled refrigeration compressor and a flake ice refrigeration compressor are all connected with a condenser, the condenser is connected with a high-pressure liquid storage device, the high-pressure liquid storage device is connected with a gravity circulation liquid storage device through a second liquid pipeline, the gravity circulation liquid storage device is connected with a cold water evaporator, the cold water evaporator is connected with the gravity circulation liquid storage device, the gravity circulation liquid storage device is connected with a flake ice maker through a fourth liquid pipeline and is connected with an air cooler through a fifth liquid pipeline, the flake ice maker is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor, the air cooler is connected with an aggregate bin, the aggregate bin is connected with the air-cooled refrigeration compressor, a throttling valve is arranged on the second liquid pipeline, and expansion valves are arranged on the fourth liquid pipeline and the fifth liquid pipeline. The utility model has the advantages of small refrigerant charge, large supercooling degree, small quantity of equipment and pipeline valves, simple process flow and structure, high refrigeration efficiency and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to feeding or proportioning of ingredients when clay or cement is mixed with other materials, in particular to a secondary throttling precooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount.
Background
The concrete has low tensile strength, small elastic modulus and low heat conductivity coefficient. During the hardening of concrete, the cement emits a great deal of hydration heat, and the internal temperature rises continuously, causing tensile stress at the surface. In the cooling process after hardening, tensile stress can occur in the concrete due to the constraint of the foundation or old concrete. When the stress exceeds the tensile limit of the concrete, cracks appear, which affects the structural safety and normal use, so the highest temperature in the large-volume concrete must be strictly controlled. The control of the temperature of the concrete outlet is one of the most effective and common measures for controlling the maximum temperature of the concrete at present. The main way to control the exit temperature of the concrete is to pre-cool the raw materials, i.e. cool the raw materials before the concrete is mixed.
The common precooling process mainly comprises the steps of air cooling of coarse aggregate and mixing of flake ice and cold water, wherein the air cooling of the coarse aggregate is divided into primary air cooling and secondary air cooling, and the precooling measures of mixing of the cold water and the flake ice and air cooling of the aggregate can meet the temperature requirement of most mass concrete outlet ports.
At present, each precooling system generally adopts forced liquid supply and single-stage compression type refrigeration. The forced liquid supply needs to be provided with a gravity circulation liquid storage device and an energy consumption equipment refrigerant pump which have large capacities, the refrigerant circulation multiplying power is high, the flow rate is large, pipelines are complex and large in quantity, the corresponding pipeline quantity and pipe diameter are correspondingly required to be large, the number of accessories such as valves is large, the volume of a high-pressure liquid storage device is large, and the filling amount of a system refrigerant is very large. The designed evaporation temperature of primary air cooling is-15 ℃, the designed evaporation temperature of secondary air cooling is-20 ℃, the designed evaporation temperature of cold water production is 0-2 ℃, and the designed evaporation temperature of flake ice production is-25 ℃. When the aggregate air cooling system and the flake ice system operate, the supercooling degree of a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure liquid reservoir is low, and after throttling of the throttle valve, more flash steam occupies more suction volume of the compressor, so that the refrigeration efficiency is low, the energy consumption is low, and the refrigeration is uneconomical.
The refrigerant of the large-scale refrigeration system mainly comprises ammonia and freon. Ammonia is an excellent natural refrigerant, has good thermodynamic property, high refrigeration efficiency, low price, no damage to ozone layer and no greenhouse effect, and currently, more than 80 percent of large-scale industrial refrigeration systems at home and abroad adopt ammonia as the refrigerant. However, ammonia is combustible, explosive, toxic and highly corrosive, and is a dangerous chemical specially regulated and controlled by the country. According to relevant regulations, when the ammonia storage capacity of the ammonia refrigeration system reaches 10 tons, the system is identified as a serious danger source of dangerous chemicals. The filling amount of a common ammonia refrigeration system for precooling medium and large concrete is between 10 and 60t and can reach more than 80t at most, the ammonia refrigeration system is stored in a pressure container and a pressure pipeline, the risk is high, the management procedure is long and tedious, the management material is complicated, various inspection and practice are frequent, and the management cost is high. Large-scale concrete precooling system still generally adopts ammonia as refrigerant, until now, although the casualties accident has not happened, the ammonia leakage condition still happens occasionally. The most widely used Freon refrigerant at present is R22, which is low in toxicity, non-inflammable, non-explosive and non-corrosive, but destroys the ozone layer and generates greenhouse effect after being discharged or leaked.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a secondary throttling precooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount, large supercooling, less equipment and pipeline valves, simple process flow and structure, high refrigeration efficiency and low energy consumption.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a two-stage throttling precooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount comprises a cold water refrigeration compressor, an air-cooled refrigeration compressor, a flake ice refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a high-pressure liquid storage device, a gravity circulation liquid storage device, a cold water evaporator, a flake ice maker, an aggregate bin and an air cooler, wherein the cold water refrigeration compressor, the air-cooled refrigeration compressor and the flake ice refrigeration compressor are all connected with the condenser through a first gas pipeline, the condenser is connected with the high-pressure liquid storage device through a first liquid pipeline, the high-pressure liquid storage device is connected with the gravity circulation liquid storage device through a second liquid pipeline, the gravity circulation liquid storage device is connected with the cold water evaporator through a third liquid pipeline, the cold water evaporator is connected with the gravity circulation liquid storage device through a second gas pipeline, and the gravity circulation liquid storage device is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor through a third gas pipeline, the gravity circulation liquid storage device is connected with the flake ice maker through a fourth liquid pipeline and connected with an air cooler through a fifth liquid pipeline, the flake ice maker is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor through a fourth gas pipeline, the air cooler is connected with the aggregate bin, the air cooler is connected with the air cooling refrigeration compressor through a fifth gas pipeline, a throttle valve is arranged on the second liquid pipeline, and expansion valves are arranged on the fourth liquid pipeline and the fifth liquid pipeline.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the air cooler is connected with the aggregate bin through a fan.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the third gas pipeline is divided into a main gas inlet branch and two gas supply branches, the main gas inlet branch is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor, one gas supply branch is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor, and the other gas supply branch is connected with the air-cooled refrigeration compressor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the gravity circulation reservoir is connected to the fourth liquid line and the fifth liquid line through the main liquid line, respectively.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the inlet of the main liquid pipeline and the inlet of the third liquid pipeline are combined into one inlet on the gravity circulation reservoir.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the outlets of the three first gas lines converge to a main gas line, and the outlet of the main gas line is connected with the condenser.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:
the two-stage throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount fully utilizes the characteristics that a flake ice maker and a concrete mixing plant (station) as well as an air-cooled aggregate bin and an air-cooled workshop are arranged nearby and have small height difference, and the technical performance of the current electronic expansion valve is improved, adopts direct expansion liquid supply to replace forced liquid supply (the forced liquid supply needs a pump), can reduce the use of low-pressure circulating liquid accumulators with large capacity and energy-consuming equipment refrigerant pumps, has small refrigerant flow, simple pipelines and small quantity, has small corresponding pipe diameter requirement, has small quantity of accessories such as valves and the like, correspondingly greatly reduces the volume of a high-pressure liquid accumulator, greatly reduces the equipment fault and pipeline valve leakage probability, and can reduce the refrigerant filling amount of the system to 1/6-1/9 of the forced liquid supply; especially for an ammonia refrigeration system, the safety is greatly improved, and the number of major hazard sources is reduced; for the freon system, the risk probability and scope of environmental damage is reduced. The gravity circulation liquid storage device is also used as a flash economizer, greatly reduces the amount of throttling flash steam, improves the refrigeration efficiency and the energy consumption ratio, and has the advantages of small refrigerant charge amount, large supercooling degree, small quantity of equipment and pipeline valves, simple process flow and structure, high refrigeration efficiency and low energy consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a cold water refrigeration compressor; 2. a flake ice refrigeration compressor; 3. an air-cooled refrigeration compressor; 4. a condenser; 5. a high pressure reservoir; 6. a gravity circulation reservoir; 7. a cold water evaporator; 8. a flake ice machine; 9. an aggregate bin; 10. an air cooler; 11. a first gas line; 12. a first liquid line; 13. a second liquid line; 14. a third liquid line; 15. a second gas line; 16. a third gas line; 17. a fourth liquid line; 18. a fifth liquid line; 19. a fourth gas line; 20. a fifth gas line; 21. a throttle valve; 22. an expansion valve; 23. a fan; 24. a main air intake branch; 25. a branch for supplementing qi; 26. a main liquid line; 27. a main gas line.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-stage throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant charge amount of the embodiment includes a cold water refrigeration compressor 1, an air cooling refrigeration compressor 3, a flake ice refrigeration compressor 2, a condenser 4, a high pressure liquid reservoir 5, a gravity circulation liquid reservoir 6, a cold water evaporator 7, a flake ice machine 8, an aggregate bin 9 and an air cooler 10, wherein the cold water refrigeration compressor 1, the air cooling refrigeration compressor 3 and the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2 are all connected with the condenser 4 through a first gas pipeline 11, the condenser 4 is connected with the high pressure liquid reservoir 5 through a first liquid pipeline 12, the high pressure liquid reservoir 5 is connected with the gravity circulation liquid reservoir 6 through a second liquid pipeline 13, the gravity circulation liquid reservoir 6 is connected with the cold water evaporator 7 through a third liquid pipeline 14, the cold water evaporator 7 is connected with the gravity circulation liquid reservoir 6 through a second gas pipeline 15, the gravity circulation liquid reservoir 6 is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor 1 through a third gas pipeline 16, the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 is connected with the flake ice maker 8 through a fourth liquid pipeline 17 and connected with the air cooler 10 through a fifth liquid pipeline 18, the flake ice maker 8 is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2 through a fourth gas pipeline 19, the air cooler 10 is connected with the aggregate bin 9, the air cooler 10 is connected with the air-cooled refrigeration compressor 3 through a fifth gas pipeline 20, the second liquid pipeline 13 is provided with a throttle valve 21, and the fourth liquid pipeline 17 and the fifth liquid pipeline 18 are both provided with expansion valves 22.
The specific working process is as follows: the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas is discharged into the condenser 4 by the cold water refrigeration compressor 1, the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2 and the air cooling refrigeration compressor 3, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is condensed into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid by the condenser 4, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid flows into the high-pressure liquid storage device 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid in the high-pressure liquid storage device 5 flows into the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 after being cooled and depressurized by the throttle valve 21, most of the liquid is reduced to about 0 ℃, saturated liquid falls into the lower part of the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6, and a small part of the liquid is changed into flash steam and is arranged on the upper part of the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6.
A part of saturated liquid at about 0 ℃ in the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 flows into the cold water evaporator 7 to exchange heat with normal-temperature water in the cold water evaporator 7, the normal-temperature water is reduced to 2-6 ℃ (the low-temperature cold water is used as concrete mixing water), a part of the saturated liquid at about 0 ℃ absorbs heat and is evaporated to be a gas-liquid mixture, the gas-liquid mixture flows back into the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 through a second gas pipeline 15 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, the liquid falls into the lower part of the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6, the gas is arranged at the upper part of the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6, and the gas flows to an air inlet of the cold water refrigeration compressor 1 through a third gas pipeline 16 to be compressed to be high-temperature and high-pressure gas and then enters the next circulation;
the other part of the saturated liquid at about 0 ℃ in the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 is cooled and depressurized by an expansion valve 22 on a fourth liquid pipeline 17 and an expansion valve 22 on a fifth liquid pipeline 18, and then is changed into low-temperature low-pressure liquid at about-25 ℃ and about-15 ℃ which flows to a flake ice maker 8 and an air cooler 10 respectively, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid at about 25 ℃ is absorbed and evaporated in the flake ice maker 8 to be changed into gas, so that the temperature of the water flowing into the flake ice maker 8 is reduced, the water is solidified into ice (the flake ice is used for replacing part of water for mixing concrete), the part of the gas flows to an air inlet of the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2 through a fourth gas pipeline 19 and enters the next circulation after being compressed, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid at about 15 ℃ is absorbed and evaporated into refrigerant gas in the air cooler 10, so that the temperature of the air flowing through the air cooler 10 is reduced, and the cooled air enters an aggregate bin 9, the aggregates in the aggregate bin 9 are cooled, and the refrigerant gas flows to the air inlet of the air-cooled refrigeration compressor 3 through the fifth gas pipeline 20, is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then enters the next cycle.
The utility model relates to a two-stage throttling precooling concrete production system with low refrigerant charge capacity, which fully utilizes the characteristics of nearby arrangement and small height difference of a flake ice maker 8 and a concrete mixing plant (station) and an air-cooled aggregate bin 9 and an air-cooled workshop, and the improvement of the technical performance of the current electronic expansion valve, adopts direct expansion liquid supply to replace forced liquid supply (the forced liquid supply needs a pump), can reduce the use of low-pressure circulation liquid accumulators with large capacity and energy-consuming equipment refrigerant pumps, has small refrigerant flow, simple and small pipelines, relatively small pipe diameters, relatively small number of accessories such as valves and the like, relatively greatly reduces the volume of a high-pressure liquid accumulator 5, greatly reduces the equipment fault and pipeline valve leakage probability, and can reduce the refrigerant charge capacity of the system to 1/6-1/9 of the forced liquid supply; especially for an ammonia refrigeration system, the safety is greatly improved, and the number of major hazard sources is reduced; for the freon system, the risk probability and scope of environmental damage is reduced. The gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 is used as a flash economizer, greatly reduces the amount of throttling flash steam, improves the refrigeration efficiency and the energy consumption ratio, and has the advantages of small refrigerant filling amount, large supercooling, small quantity of equipment and pipeline valves, simple process flow and structure, high refrigeration efficiency and low energy consumption.
In this embodiment, the air cooler 10 is connected to the aggregate bin 9 by a fan 23. The cool air in the air cooler 10 is sent into the aggregate bin 9 by the fan 23.
In this embodiment, the third gas pipeline 16 is divided into a main gas inlet branch 24 and two gas supplementing branches 25, the main gas inlet branch 24 is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor 1, one gas supplementing branch 25 is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2, and the other gas supplementing branch 25 is connected with the air cooling refrigeration compressor 3. One part of gas in the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 flows to the air supplementing ports of the air-cooled refrigeration compressor 3 and the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2 through the air supplementing branch 25, the other part of gas flows to the air inlet of the cold water refrigeration compressor 1 and is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas to enter the next circulation, the relationship between the evaporation temperature of cold water production and the air-cooled evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature is fully utilized, the gas in the gravity circulation liquid storage device 6 is used as the air supplementing of the air-cooled refrigeration compressor 3 and the flake ice refrigeration compressor 2, and the refrigeration efficiency and the energy consumption ratio are further improved.
In this embodiment, the gravity circulation reservoir 6 is connected to the fourth liquid line 17 and the fifth liquid line 18 through the main liquid line 26, respectively. I.e. the main liquid line 26 branches into two branches, a fourth liquid line 17 and a fifth liquid line 18.
In this embodiment, the inlet of the main liquid line 26 is separate from the inlet of the third liquid line 14 on the gravity-cycle reservoir 6. It should be noted that, in addition to the present embodiment, the inlet of the main liquid line 26 and the inlet of the third liquid line 14 may be combined into one inlet on the gravity circulation reservoir 6.
In this embodiment, the outlets of the three first gas pipelines 11 converge to a main gas pipeline 27, and are connected to the condenser 4 through the outlets of the main gas pipeline 27.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the utility model, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A two-stage throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount is characterized in that: the ice sheet refrigeration system comprises a cold water refrigeration compressor (1), an air cooling refrigeration compressor (3), an ice sheet refrigeration compressor (2), a condenser (4), a high-pressure liquid storage device (5), a gravity circulation liquid storage device (6), a cold water evaporator (7), an ice sheet machine (8), an aggregate bin (9) and an air cooler (10), wherein the cold water refrigeration compressor (1), the air cooling refrigeration compressor (3) and the ice sheet refrigeration compressor (2) are all connected with the condenser (4) through a first gas pipeline (11), the condenser (4) is connected with the high-pressure liquid storage device (5) through a first liquid pipeline (12), the high-pressure liquid storage device (5) is connected with the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) through a second liquid pipeline (13), the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) is connected with the cold water evaporator (7) through a third liquid pipeline (14), and the cold water evaporator (7) is connected with the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) through a second gas pipeline (15), the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor (1) through a third gas pipeline (16), the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) is connected with the flake ice machine (8) through a fourth liquid pipeline (17), is connected with the air cooler (10) through a fifth liquid pipeline (18), the flake ice machine (8) is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor (2) through a fourth gas pipeline (19), the air cooler (10) is connected with the aggregate bin (9), the air cooler (10) is connected with the air cooling refrigeration compressor (3) through a fifth gas pipeline (20), a throttling valve (21) is arranged on the second liquid pipeline (13), and expansion valves (22) are arranged on the fourth liquid pipeline (17) and the fifth liquid pipeline (18).
2. The low refrigerant charge secondary throttling pre-cooled concrete production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air cooler (10) is connected with the aggregate bin (9) through a fan (23).
3. The low refrigerant charge secondary throttling pre-cooled concrete production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the third gas pipeline (16) is divided into a main gas inlet branch (24) and two gas supplementing branches (25), the main gas inlet branch (24) is connected with the cold water refrigeration compressor (1), one gas supplementing branch (25) is connected with the flake ice refrigeration compressor (2), and the other gas supplementing branch (25) is connected with the air cooling refrigeration compressor (3).
4. A low refrigerant charge secondary throttling pre-cooled concrete production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6) is respectively connected with the fourth liquid pipeline (17) and the fifth liquid pipeline (18) through a main liquid pipeline (26).
5. The low refrigerant charge secondary throttling pre-cooled concrete production system according to claim 4, wherein: the inlet of the main liquid pipeline (26) and the inlet of the third liquid pipeline (14) are combined into one inlet on the gravity circulation liquid storage device (6).
6. A low refrigerant charge secondary throttling pre-cooled concrete production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the outlets of the three first gas lines (11) merge into a main gas line (27), the outlet of the main gas line (27) being connected to the condenser (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121752581.6U CN216000923U (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Secondary throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121752581.6U CN216000923U (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Secondary throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount |
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| CN216000923U true CN216000923U (en) | 2022-03-11 |
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| CN202121752581.6U Active CN216000923U (en) | 2021-07-29 | 2021-07-29 | Secondary throttling pre-cooling concrete production system with low refrigerant filling amount |
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| CN (1) | CN216000923U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-07-29 CN CN202121752581.6U patent/CN216000923U/en active Active
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