CN215988998U - Lithium battery system for supplying power to railway refrigerated container - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container, and relates to the technical field of railway cold chain logistics carrying equipment. The lithium battery system includes: the battery rack is vertically arranged, and the battery packs are arranged at least two times; the battery rack is provided with battery pack installation positions, each battery pack installation position is provided with a slide rail, the battery pack is installed on the battery pack installation positions along the slide rails and is fixed with the battery rack through fasteners, and the fasteners for connecting the battery pack and the battery rack are arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack. The lithium battery system for supplying power to the railway refrigerated container provided by the utility model is convenient for the application and the maintenance of the lithium battery system on the railway refrigerated container.

Description

Lithium battery system for supplying power to railway refrigerated container

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway cold-chain logistics carrying equipment, in particular to a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container.

Background

The development of railway cold-chain logistics carrying equipment is moving towards the direction of intellectualization and greening, and the use of advanced energy-saving and control technologies in refrigerated transportation is encouraged. Aiming at the problems that the railway cold chain carrying equipment mainly supplies power by a diesel generator and is insufficient in equipment intellectualization, the refrigerated container adopting a novel power supply method such as lithium battery power supply is actively researched in the railway field, the remote fault diagnosis and measurement and control functions are matched, the railway transportation energy consumption is reduced, the railway cold chain carrying equipment intellectualization is improved, and the requirements of the cold chain logistics market on timeliness and cost benefit are better met.

Lithium batteries refer to batteries that contain lithium (including metallic lithium, lithium alloys and lithium ions, lithium polymers) in an electrochemical system. The lithium battery is widely applied to energy storage power systems of hydraulic power, firepower, wind power, solar power stations and the like, and a plurality of fields of electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, military equipment, aerospace and the like. Compared with the traditional lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, silicon energy storage battery and other types, the lithium battery has the following advantages:

(1) the energy density is high. The unit weight or volume stored energy is obviously higher than that of the traditional storage battery, the weight energy density of the current lithium battery reaches 280Wh/kg, the volume energy density reaches 700Wh/L, and exceeds 5 times of the parameters of a lead-acid battery and a nickel-cadmium battery, so that the energy storage battery can meet the requirements of the energy storage battery capacity, the weight and the volume of a railway vehicle; (2) the cycle life is long. The lithium battery carries out 100% deep charge and discharge by 1C (1C represents the current required by 1 hour of charge state from 0 to 100% or 100% to 0), the maximum cycle life can reach 10000 times, the cycle life of a lead-acid battery is usually 600 times, and the cycle life of a nickel-cadmium battery is 800 times; (3) the voltage plateau is high. Nominal voltage of a lithium battery monomer is 2.3V-3.7V, lead-acid battery is 2.0V, and nickel-cadmium battery is 1.2V; (4) the charge and discharge multiplying power is large. The highest charge-discharge multiplying power of the lithium battery can reach 20C, and the multiplying power requirement of a power battery of a railway vehicle can be met; (5) the self-discharge rate is low. The self-discharge rate of the lithium battery is 2-5%/month, the self-discharge rate of the lead-acid battery is not more than 3%/month, and the self-discharge rate of the nickel-cadmium battery is 15-30%/month; (6) high adaptability to high and low temperature. The lithium battery can be used in the environment of-20 ℃ to 60 ℃, and can be used in the environment of-40 ℃ after a heat management system is added; (7) is green and environment-friendly. When the lithium battery is produced, used and scrapped, toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium and the like are not generated and contained.

A lithium battery powered railway refrigeration container comprises a refrigeration container body, a refrigeration system and a lithium battery system, wherein the lithium battery system comprises one or more battery packs, a battery management system, a high-voltage circuit, a low-voltage circuit, a battery rack and the like. The design method of the lithium battery system for supplying power to the existing railway refrigerated container adopts a design method of a lithium battery for electric automobile power, the maintenance problem when the lithium battery system is applied to the railway refrigerated container is not considered, hoisting machinery must be used when the battery pack is assembled, if parts need to be overhauled or replaced, the whole lithium battery system needs to be disassembled from the container, and a single battery pack cannot be maintained independently. Therefore, the operation amount is large and the requirement on operation conditions is high in the operation and maintenance process of the lithium battery system of the existing railway refrigerated container.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container, which can at least partially solve the problems in the prior art.

The utility model provides a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container, which comprises: the battery rack is vertically arranged, and the battery packs are arranged at least two times; the battery rack is provided with battery pack installation positions, each battery pack installation position is provided with a slide rail, the battery pack is installed on the battery pack installation positions along the slide rails and is fixed with the battery rack through fasteners, and the fasteners for connecting the battery pack and the battery rack are arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack.

Optionally, a bolt is arranged on one side, away from the fastener, of the battery pack, a bolt hole is arranged on one side, away from the maintenance side, of the battery frame, and when the battery pack is mounted on the battery pack mounting position along the slide rail, the bolt arranged on the battery pack is inserted into the bolt hole arranged on the battery frame.

Optionally, a handle is arranged on the battery pack.

Optionally, the weight of the battery pack is 81 kg-83 kg; the length of the battery pack is 700-750 mm, the width of the battery pack is 400-460 mm, and the height of the battery pack is 160-240 mm.

Optionally, the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack is within a safe voltage range.

Optionally, the wire harness interface on the battery pack is arranged at one end of the battery pack close to the maintenance side of the battery rack.

Optionally, the lithium battery system further comprises a high-voltage box, a high-voltage box installation position is arranged on the battery frame, the high-voltage box is installed on the high-voltage box installation position, and a wiring harness interface on the high-voltage box is arranged at one end, close to the maintenance side, of the battery frame.

Optionally, the wire harness interface on the high-voltage box and the wire harness interface on the battery pack are connected with a control, communication or power wire harness through a connector with a quick-release function.

Optionally, the battery rack includes at least two rows of battery pack mounting positions, the battery packs mounted on each row of battery pack mounting positions are connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the battery clusters are connected in parallel.

Optionally, the battery rack includes two rows of battery pack mounting positions and a configurable mounting position disposed between the two rows of battery pack mounting positions.

According to the lithium battery system for supplying power to the railway refrigerated container, the slide rails are arranged on the battery pack mounting positions, so that each battery pack can be mounted or dismounted in a pulling mode, and the battery pack is connected with the battery rack through the fastening piece arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack, so that the battery pack is further convenient to fix and dismount; thereby the application and the maintenance of the lithium battery system on the railway refrigeration container are facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of a battery pack mounting location according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack mounted on a battery mounting bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of a high voltage cartridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a main circuit topology diagram of a lithium battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a lithium battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

Fig. 1 is a lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vertically arranged battery rack 1 and at least two battery packs 2;

the battery rack 1 is provided with battery pack installation positions 11, each battery pack installation position 11 is provided with a sliding rail 111, the battery pack 2 is installed on the battery pack installation positions 11 along the sliding rails 111 and is fixed with the battery rack 1 through a fastener, and the fastener for connecting the battery pack 2 and the battery rack 1 is arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack 1.

In this embodiment, the lithium battery system can be composed of a battery pack, a high voltage box, a wire harness and a battery rack. The battery packs are connected in series in a certain form to provide rated voltage of the system, and then connected in parallel in a certain form to provide rated energy of the system. The high-voltage box is an assembly of a battery management system, a switching device of a main circuit of a breaking system, an overcurrent protection device of the main circuit, a current and voltage sensor of the main circuit, an input/output interface and the like. The wire harness mainly comprises a high-voltage connecting wire harness and a low-voltage wire harness, wherein the high-voltage wire harness comprises a wire harness which is communicated with a battery pack, a high-voltage box and a high-voltage input/output interface and forms a main loop of the lithium battery system; the low-voltage wiring harness comprises a wiring harness which is communicated with the battery pack, a high-voltage box and a low-voltage input and output interface and is used for communication and control of the lithium battery system. The battery frame is used for fixing all components of the lithium battery system and is welded and fixed with the railway refrigerated container.

Due to the structural limitations of railway reefer containers, lithium battery systems can generally be operated, installed, removed and maintained from only one direction, which may be referred to as the maintenance direction of the lithium battery system, with the maintenance side of the battery rack facing the maintenance direction of the lithium battery system. The battery pack is inserted into a battery pack mounting position on the battery rack on the slide rail in a drawing manner and is fixed on the battery rack through a fastener, specifically, the fastener may be a bolt, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, at least one first fastener hole 21 may be disposed at one end of the battery pack 2 close to the maintenance side of the battery rack 1, a second fastener hole 12 corresponding to the first fastener hole 21 is disposed at the maintenance side of the battery rack 1, and one end of the bolt passes through the first fastener hole 21 and the second fastener hole 12 and is connected with a nut, so that the battery pack 2 and the battery rack 1 are fixed.

According to the lithium battery system for supplying power to the railway refrigerated container, provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the slide rail is arranged on the battery pack mounting position, so that each battery pack can be mounted or dismounted in a pulling mode, and the battery pack is connected with the battery rack through the fastener arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack, so that the battery pack is further convenient to fix and dismount; thereby the application and the maintenance of the lithium battery system on the railway refrigeration container are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, optionally, a side of the battery pack 2 away from the fastener is provided with a latch 3, and a side of the battery rack 1 away from the maintenance side is provided with a latch hole 13, as shown in fig. 6, when the battery pack 2 is mounted on the battery pack mounting position 11 along the slide rail 111, the latch 3 provided on the battery pack 2 is inserted into the latch hole 13 provided on the battery rack 1.

In this embodiment, the side of the battery pack away from the fastener may be referred to as the back side of the battery pack, and the back side of the battery pack is fixed by the pins in cooperation with the pin holes of the battery rack; the axis of the bolt is horizontal and is vertically inserted into the bolt hole, so that the problem that the back side of the battery pack is difficult to fix with the battery frame is solved, and the battery pack is convenient to mount and maintain.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the battery rack 1 may further be designed with rail stoppers 14, and the rail stoppers 14 are disposed on two sides of the battery pack mounting position 11 and used for limiting the battery pack 2; the battery pack 2 is fixed to the battery holder 1 by fasteners, pins, and rail stops 14 after being inserted into the battery mounting location 11 of the battery holder 1. The battery pack 2 is attached to or detached from the maintenance side of the battery holder 1 by a pull-out manner.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, optionally, a handle 22 may be provided on the battery pack 2. The handle 22 may be used for auxiliary mounting and dismounting of the battery.

Optionally, the weight of the battery pack can be 81 kg-83 kg; the length of the battery pack can be 700-750 mm, the width can be 400-460 mm, and the height can be 160-240 mm; the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack is within a safe voltage range.

In the embodiment, the design mode of miniaturization and lightweight of the battery pack, the size and the weight of each battery pack can be controlled in the range of satisfying 2-3 people for manual installation or disassembly, the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the miniaturized battery pack is lower, the miniaturized battery pack can be designed to be in the range of safety voltage (no more than DC36V), and the operation safety of maintenance personnel is improved. For example, the battery pack has dimensions of 717mm × 437mm × 194.5mm and a weight of 82 kg. The design mode of miniaturization and lightweight of the battery pack has the following beneficial effects:

(1) safety feature

Because the electrodes and the electrolyte materials of the lithium battery are active, once the protection of the battery monomer fails, the electrodes and the electrolyte materials are in contact with the air, violent chemical reaction can occur, a large amount of heat and gas are released, and other battery monomers in the battery pack are ignited under severe conditions to cause fire explosion. The embodiment adopts the miniaturized battery pack, reduces the number of battery monomers in the battery pack, reduces the total energy of the battery pack, greatly reduces the risk of thermal diffusion of the miniaturized battery pack, and improves the safety.

(2) Reliability of

The electrochemical characteristics of the lithium battery have higher temperature sensitivity, and the parameters of the battery, such as internal resistance, charge-discharge multiplying power, energy and the like, are greatly influenced by temperature. The battery during operation can produce the heat, and if the inside heat of battery package can't in time spread, cause the heat to pile up, will cause the battery package to influence the hot uniformity of battery package from the temperature gradient of geometric center to shell, and then influence battery system's life-span. The smaller the package volume, the better the thermal consistency, and the longer the package life, all other things being equal.

(3) Maintainability of

The miniaturized battery package that this embodiment adopted is convenient for maintain, does not have special requirement to maintaining place, equipment, possesses the condition that just can accomplish the dismantlement or install through the manpower, can adapt to the application and the maintenance of railway refrigeration container. If a battery failure occurs, replacement of spare parts can be completed quickly. If the battery pack has a fault, the State of Charge (SOC) of the spare part of the battery pack needs to be adjusted to be consistent with the SOC of other battery packs in the system before replacement, otherwise, the consistency of the battery pack of the battery system is deteriorated. The energy of the miniaturized battery pack is less, the SOC is adjusted by using a charger with the same power, and the required time is shorter.

If a battery failure occurs and replacement spare parts are not available on site, a dedicated shorting stub may be used, bypassing the failed battery pack and bypassing one of the parallel branches. Because the miniaturized battery pack has lower voltage and less energy, the voltage of the system still meets the load use, and the refrigeration system of the refrigerated container can continue to operate. After the bypass fault battery pack, the energy of the lithium battery system is reduced, and after the lithium battery system has the condition of replacing spare parts, the voltage and the energy of the lithium battery system are recovered.

(4) Economy of use

The miniaturized battery pack adopted by the embodiment is beneficial to improving the economy of the lithium battery system. The timeliness requirement of the railway industry for carrying equipment fault treatment is high, so that spare parts of battery packs and other key parts are stored in railway equipment application departments and manufacturers, and according to the experience of the battery industry, the cost of the spare parts of the battery packs exceeds 95% of the cost of the total spare parts. The miniaturized battery pack can greatly reduce the cost of battery pack spare parts and reduce the operating cost of a railway refrigeration container and a lithium battery system.

As shown in fig. 3, optionally, the wire harness interface on the battery pack 2 is disposed at one end of the battery pack 2 near the maintenance side of the battery rack 1.

In this embodiment, the pencil interface of battery package can be including control, communication and power pencil interface, the pencil interface all sets up the one end that is close to the battery frame maintenance side at the battery package, is convenient for be connected or dismantle with the pencil. As shown in fig. 7, the designed interfaces of the battery pack may include a positive interface 27, a communication port 23, a release valve 24, a heating port 25, and a negative interface 26.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, optionally, the lithium battery system further includes a high-voltage box 4, where a high-voltage box installation location 15 is disposed on the battery rack 1, the high-voltage box 4 is installed on the high-voltage box installation location 15, and a wire harness interface on the high-voltage box 4 is disposed at one end of the high-voltage box 4 close to the maintenance side of the battery rack 1. As shown in fig. 8, the designed interfaces on the high voltage box may include a negative interface 41, a negative interface 42, a communication port 43, a communication port 44, a heating port 45, a heating port 46, a total negative 47, an MSD port 48, a total positive 49, a slow charging port 50, an air conditioner power supply port 51, an external communication port 52, a positive interface 53, a positive interface 54, and a DCDC power supply port 55.

In this embodiment, the wire harness interface of the high-voltage box can include control, communication and power wire harness interfaces, and the wire harness interface of the high-voltage box is designed in the direction convenient for maintenance, so as to realize the optimal layout of the wire harness between the battery system and the container and between the high-voltage box and the battery pack, and have better maintainability.

Optionally, the wire harness interface on the high voltage box 4 and the wire harness interface on the battery pack 2 are connected with the control, communication or power wire harness through a connector with a quick-release function.

This embodiment, the wire harness connector of battery package and high-pressure box has chooseed the connector that has the quick detach function for use, when needs overhauld single battery package or high-pressure box, can be in the battery system disconnection and the high-pressure connection back of load, disconnection wire harness connector under the not use tools condition, conveniently develop the maintenance operation.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, optionally, the battery rack 1 may include at least two rows of battery pack mounting positions 11, the battery packs mounted on each row of battery pack mounting positions 11 are connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the battery clusters are connected in parallel. In the embodiment, the battery packs on the battery pack mounting positions of each row are sequentially connected in series and are connected in parallel with the battery packs of other rows, and the connection mode is favorable for overhauling the battery packs.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, optionally, the battery rack 1 includes two rows of battery pack mounting locations 11, and further includes a configurable mounting location 16 disposed between the two rows of battery pack mounting locations 11.

In this embodiment, the configurable installation position 16 disposed at the middle portion of the battery rack 1 is a user configurable space for installing user equipment such as a container controller. The specific design method of the lithium battery system for supplying power to the railway refrigerated container provided by the embodiment is related to refrigerator type selection of the railway refrigerated container, and by taking the example shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, one of the cases is described in detail, the lithium battery system is composed of 30 battery packs and 1 high-voltage box, 15 battery packs are connected in series to form 1 battery cluster, 2 battery clusters are connected in parallel to form the battery system, the 2 battery clusters are symmetrically arranged on a battery frame left and right, and the high-voltage box is fixed to the top of the battery frame through bolts.

To above-mentioned structure, as shown in fig. 2 carry out the analog computation, the operating mode of simulation lithium battery system installation in railway cold-stored container verifies that lithium battery system intensity satisfies railway cold-stored container operating mode demand, wherein:

and (3) constraint working condition: according to the actual installation condition of the rail locomotive vehicle equipment, 9 welding edges shown by an arrow A in a full constraint graph;

excitation working conditions are as follows: unit acceleration excitations in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are loaded on a constraint coupling point of an FE model respectively, and modal frequency response analysis of the optistruct calculation model is used;

fatigue working conditions are as follows: according to the requirements of GB/T21563-. And loading ASD acceleration curves in three directions of X/Y/Z respectively by combining a unit acceleration excitation modal frequency response stress result file in fatigue software, and applying the ASD acceleration curves for 5 hours.

Simulation results the fatigue damage results of all parts of the lithium battery system assembly are less than 1, and the requirements on vibration fatigue can be met through verification.

A main circuit topology of the lithium Battery System provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 9, where the main circuit is mainly divided into two parts, one part is a Battery Management System (hereinafter referred to as "BMS") host inside a high voltage box, a relay, a fuse, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, an input/output interface, and the like on the main circuit; one part of the device consists of 30 battery packs and matched sampling circuits thereof. The sampling circuit is an important component of the BMS, bears the control and protection functions of a part of the battery pack and is controlled by the BMS host, so that the sampling circuit is called a BMS slave, and the BMS slave is integrated in the box body of the lithium battery pack.

The BMS of the present embodiment has the following basic functions:

1. total voltage and total current sampling;

2. insulation detection, namely detecting the insulation impedance between the high-voltage positive and negative end pairs and the container in real time;

3. a battery State Of Charge (SOC) and State Of Health (SOH) estimation function;

4. each BMS slave machine monitors the voltage of a battery monomer and the temperature of a battery pack in real time;

5. possess three routes CAN communication function, divide into internal communication network, external communication network and the communication network that charges: the internal communication network is responsible for transmitting communication and diagnosis system data between the BMS host and the slave; the external communication network is responsible for information interaction with the container controller and the like; the charging communication network is responsible for interacting with the charging pile.

6. The system has fault diagnosis functions, including fault diagnosis of temperature, voltage, current, insulation, relay state, fuses, sensors, communication and the like;

7. the battery system safety management function comprises the protection of the battery system such as overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, overheat, voltage difference, temperature difference and the like;

8. the battery pack has a balancing function, and can automatically balance the voltage of each single body in the battery pack.

The working process of the lithium battery system is shown in fig. 10, and specifically comprises the following steps:

1. the initial state of the lithium battery system is a power-off state, the BMS works in a low power consumption mode, the main contact of the relay is disconnected, and the battery system is disconnected with a load;

2. when the lithium battery system receives a wake-up instruction of the container controller or a wake-up instruction of the charging pile, the lithium battery system enters a power-on state, the BMS performs self-check on the system state, if the system state is abnormal, the system state enters a standby state, otherwise, the system state is protected according to a fault condition;

3. when the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery system are connected with the charging pile, the charging communication network of the BMS is connected with the charging pile, and the system works in a charging mode. The lithium battery system charges according to a charging flow specified in appendix A of GB/T-27930-2015 communication protocol between the electric vehicle non-vehicle-mounted conductive charger and the battery management system;

4. when the lithium battery system is disconnected with the charging pile, if the container controller has no control instruction, the system works in a standby mode;

5. when the lithium battery system receives a discharge instruction of the container controller, the lithium battery system enters a discharge flow, closes the negative line relay and discharges according to the instruction of the container controller. And after the discharging is finished, the negative line relay is switched off, and the standby mode is entered.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "an example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A lithium battery system for supplying power to a railway refrigerated container is characterized by comprising a battery rack and at least two battery packs, wherein the battery rack is vertically arranged;

the battery rack is provided with battery pack installation positions, each battery pack installation position is provided with a slide rail, the battery pack is installed on the battery pack installation positions along the slide rails and is fixed with the battery rack through fasteners, and the fasteners for connecting the battery pack and the battery rack are arranged on the maintenance side of the battery rack.

2. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a side of the battery pack remote from the fastening member is provided with a latch, and a side of the battery holder remote from the maintenance side is provided with a latch hole, and when the battery pack is mounted on the battery pack mounting position along the slide rail, the latch provided on the battery pack is inserted into the latch hole provided on the battery holder.

3. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a handle is provided on the battery pack.

4. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight of the battery pack is 81kg to 83 kg; the length of the battery pack is 700-750 mm, the width of the battery pack is 400-460 mm, and the height of the battery pack is 160-240 mm.

5. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack is within a safe voltage range.

6. The lithium battery system as recited in claim 1, wherein a harness interface on the battery pack is disposed at an end of the battery pack proximate the service side of the battery rack.

7. The lithium battery system of claim 6, further comprising a high voltage box, wherein a high voltage box mounting location is disposed on the battery rack, the high voltage box is mounted on the high voltage box mounting location, and a wire harness interface on the high voltage box is disposed at an end of the high voltage box near the battery rack maintenance side.

8. The lithium battery system of claim 7, wherein the harness interface on the high voltage box and the harness interface on the battery pack are connected to a control, communication, or power harness via a connector having a quick disconnect function.

9. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery rack comprises at least two rows of battery pack mounting positions, the battery packs mounted on each row of battery pack mounting positions are connected in series to form a battery cluster, and the battery clusters are connected in parallel.

10. The lithium battery system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the battery rack comprises two rows of battery pack mounting locations thereon, and further comprises a configurable mounting location disposed between the two rows of battery pack mounting locations.

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