CN215988503U - Hybrid switch control mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a mixed switch control mechanism, which can ensure that each switch is zero current when the action of the switch is switched by setting an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) to control the delayed on/off of a solid-state switch according to an external command and correspondingly controlling a mechanical switch to be directly on/off or on/off when the voltage at two ends meets a set condition, thereby overcoming the problem that the reliability of a product is influenced by small current when the mixed switch is on/off.

Description

Hybrid switch control mechanism

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model relates to a solid-state mechanical hybrid switch, in particular to a hybrid switch control mechanism.

Background

In the field of power electronics, mechanical switches, such as relays, contactors, circuit breakers, etc., are generally used to control the on/off of an electrical appliance, and generally, a mechanical switch is required to be disposed between each pair of input terminals and each pair of output terminals. For example, the single-phase switch shown in fig. 11a is provided with switches K1 and Kn at an input end (Vin) and an output end (Vout), respectively, and the three-phase switch shown in fig. 11b is provided with switches Ka, Kb and Kc between the input end (Va _ in, Vb _ in, Vc _ in) and the output end ((Va, Vb, Vc)), respectively, and these mechanical switches are subjected to the change of voltage and current during the on and off processes, so that an arc is inevitably generated, an arc extinguishing device must be added, and the aspects of the service life, reliability, cost, volume, mechanical design difficulty and the like are inevitably affected.

For this reason, hybrid switch products using solid state switches in combination with mechanical switches are on the market. As shown in fig. 11c, the single-phase hybrid switch has two single-pole switches A, B with solid-state switches Kss between the ac input terminal A, B and the output terminals a _ out and B _ out, respectively, thereby forming a complete control mechanism, which can be controlled to turn on/off according to a preset strategy of an external control command control. Similarly, a three-phase hybrid switch would also have a solid-state switch in combination with a mechanical switch between each pair of ac input and output terminals. These hybrid switches combine the advantages of solid state switches and mechanical switches, respectively, to facilitate arc elimination.

In the typical hybrid switch, each of the mechanical switch and the solid-state switch simply sets the on-time and the off-time of the switch, and a small current may still exist when each of the switches is turned on and off, which adversely affects the reliability of the product.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention provides a hybrid switch control mechanism to overcome the problem that the product reliability is affected by the small current when the hybrid switch is turned on or off.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hybrid switch control mechanism, where the hybrid switch includes a plurality of solid-state switches and a mechanical switch, and the hybrid switch control mechanism is provided with an MCU that can be powered by an auxiliary power supply, and the MCU is configured to control the solid-state switches to be turned on or off in a delayed manner according to an external command, and to control the mechanical switches to be turned on/off directly, or to be turned on or off when a voltage across the mechanical switches meets a set condition.

Specifically, the hybrid switch is a single-phase switch, wherein: a solid switch is connected between the input port and the output port of the live wire in series, and a main isolation mechanical switch is connected between the input port and the output port of the zero wire in series.

Specifically, the hybrid switch is a three-phase three-wire switch, wherein: solid switches are respectively connected in series between the input port and the output port of the two pairs of phase lines, and a main isolating mechanical switch is connected in series between the input port and the output port of the one pair of phase lines.

Specifically, the hybrid switch is a three-phase four-wire switch, wherein: solid-state switches are respectively connected in series between the three pairs of phase line input ports and the three pairs of phase line output ports, and a main isolation mechanical switch is connected in series between the pair of neutral line input ports and the pair of neutral line output ports.

Specifically, the solid state switch is configured with a load bearing mechanical switch, wherein the solid state switch is in series with the load bearing mechanical switch; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when the switching-on command is confirmed, the main isolation mechanical switch and the bearing mechanical switch are respectively and directly conducted, and then the solid-state switch is conducted in a delayed mode; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the main isolation mechanical switch and the bearing mechanical switch are turned off respectively when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

Specifically, the solid-state switch is configured with a load-bearing mechanical switch, wherein the solid-state switch is connected in parallel with the load-bearing mechanical switch, and the load-bearing mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch form a loop; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the main isolation mechanical switch is directly conducted, the solid-state switch is conducted in a delayed mode, and then the bearing mechanical switch is conducted when the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the main isolation mechanical switch is turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

Specifically, the solid-state switch is configured with a load-bearing mechanical switch and an auxiliary isolation mechanical switch, wherein the solid-state switch is connected in parallel with the load-bearing mechanical switch and then connected in series with the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch, an auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch are respectively and directly switched on, the solid-state switch is switched on in a delayed mode, and then the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch is switched on when the voltage meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanism are respectively turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

Specifically, the solid state switch is configured with a load bearing mechanical switch and an auxiliary isolating mechanical switch, wherein: the solid-state switch is connected with the auxiliary isolating mechanical switch in series and then connected with the bearing mechanical switch in parallel; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch, an auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch are respectively and directly switched on, the solid-state switch is switched on in a delayed mode, and then the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch is switched on when the voltage meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanism are respectively turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

Specifically, the MCU is configured with an external control command module.

Specifically, the MCU is configured with a communication module. Compared with the prior art, the MCU is arranged in the hybrid switch in the embodiment of the utility model, the external control time sequence of the MCU can be optimized, so that zero current is generated when the switch acts for switching, the complete zero current on and off is realized, the problem of small current when the hybrid switch is on and off is effectively avoided, and the reliability of the hybrid switch product is favorably improved.

The hybrid switch product obtained according to the embodiment of the utility model is bipolar and multipolar, can be suitable for single-phase alternating current and three-phase alternating current occasions, and is convenient to form a complete control mechanism for completely controlling the electric energy between a power supply and a load; meanwhile, through reasonable time sequence control, the advantages and the disadvantages are improved, the conduction loss is reduced by utilizing the mechanical switch, the current conversion is assisted by the solid-state switch, and the mechanical switch is switched on and off in a zero-voltage zero-current state, so that electric arcs can be well avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 1b is a topology of a first solid state switch of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1c is a topology of a second solid state switch of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1d is a topology of a third solid state switch of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1e is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the hybrid switch of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1f is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 1g is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 1h is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 2b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 2c is a timing diagram of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 2d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 3a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3c is a timing diagram of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 4a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 4b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 4c is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 4d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 5a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 5b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 5c is a timing diagram of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 5d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;

fig. 6a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 6b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 6c is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 6d is a signal waveform diagram of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 7a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;

FIG. 7b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;

FIG. 7c is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;

FIG. 7d is a signal waveform diagram of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;

fig. 8a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 8b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 8c is a timing diagram of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 8d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 8 of the present invention;

fig. 9a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 9 of the present invention;

FIG. 9b is a block diagram of a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 9 of the present invention;

FIG. 9c is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 9 of the present invention;

FIG. 9d is a signal waveform diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 9 of the present invention;

fig. 10a is a circuit diagram of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 10 of the present invention;

FIG. 10b is a block diagram showing a control mechanism of a hybrid switch according to embodiment 10 of the present invention;

FIG. 10c is a timing chart of the control of the hybrid switch according to embodiment 10 of the present invention;

FIG. 11a is a schematic diagram of a conventional single-phase mechanical switch;

FIG. 11b is a schematic diagram of a conventional three-phase mechanical switch;

fig. 11c is a schematic diagram of a general hybrid switch.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention integrate the mechanical switch and the solid-state switch by using the power electronic technology, and basically eliminate the electric arc in the on-off process; and through analysis and optimization in the use occasion of the alternating current energy, a group of solid-state switches can be saved after time sequence control is added; after the MCU is added, the integrated hybrid switch can meet the control logic time sequence, and the intelligent communication and multi-functionalization targets can be realized.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the following examples 1 to 10, examples 1 to 5 were applied to a single-phase alternating current, examples 6 to 9 were applied to a three-phase three-wire alternating current, and example 10 was applied to a three-phase four-wire alternating current. These embodiments may simplify the circuit topology of a hybrid switch by combining a solid-state switch with mechanical electromagnetism, wherein: in embodiments 2, 3, 8 and 9, a solid-state switch is matched with mechanical electromagnetism, so that semi-isolation can be realized; the embodiments 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 are added with linked small-sized isolating switches, and can realize full isolation.

The power electronic switches of these embodiments help the mechanical switch to extinguish the arc through the solid state switch, and in certain conditions, the solid state switch can be turned off to reduce losses. In all technical solutions of these embodiments, the whole switch can operate in a soft start PWM mode, which can realize intellectualization after adding an MCU, and has a communication function to interact data with the server side and the user side.

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1a to fig. 1g, the present embodiment is a single-phase switch, which is a typical single-phase structure. As shown in fig. 1a, the elements and symbols of the present embodiment are as follows.

Kss: the solid-state switch can be composed of various power electronic devices such as an IGBT, a MOFET and an SCR, and the topological structure of the solid-state switch can be various, such as a forward and reverse parallel SCR, a reverse series SCR and the like. Furthermore, the topology of Kss may be specifically used according to any combination of the common driving ground structure shown in fig. 1b, the discrete structure shown in fig. 1c, and the thyristor positive-negative structure shown in fig. 1 d;

kp, Kn and ki, namely mechanical switches, specifically relays, contactors, circuit breakers and the like, and the control mode can be fully automatic switching or partially manual switching.

The main functions of the respective elements are as follows.

Kn: electrically isolated, air gap;

kp: load current is carried, and a loop is formed by the load current and Kn;

kss: commutation, which creates a zero voltage condition for the on and off of Kp and basically eliminates electric arcs;

ki: electrically isolated, air gap.

For simplicity, Kn is referred to herein as the primary isolating mechanical switch, Ki is referred to as the secondary isolating mechanical switch, and Kp is referred to as the load-bearing mechanical switch.

In addition, in the case of corresponding to three-phase switches, the naming modes of the main isolating mechanical switch, the auxiliary isolating mechanical switch and the bearing mechanical switch in the single-phase switch are still used, but corresponding to A, B, C three phases, the corresponding Kss, Kp, Ki, Kn and the like are respectively added with subscripts a, b and c for distinguishing.

In this embodiment, Ki is mainly used as an isolating switch, and can be synchronized with Kn, and the working principle and process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolated state (isolaston): before T0 and after T5, all switches are in an off state in which the input (Vin) is completely isolated from the output (Vout);

the method comprises the following steps that T0-T1, Kn and Ki are conducted firstly, a source and a load (load) are connected at one end only, no current loop exists, and a mechanical switch of the Kn and the Ki is conducted at zero current;

T1-T2: kss starts to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, a source is communicated with a load, load current flows through the Kss, and a main contact of a Kp mechanical switch bears extremely low voltage, namely the conduction voltage drop of the Kss switch is about 2-3V;

T2-T3: kp starts to be conducted at zero voltage, due to the fact that conducting voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kp, the whole switch enters normal steady state conducting, and Kss can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

T3-T4, before entering the turn-off T3, ensuring that Kss is in a conducting state, starting Kp cut-off by the T3, transferring load current to the solid-state switch Kss, and keeping, wherein the turn-off of Kp belongs to zero-voltage turn-off and no arc is generated;

T4-T5: kss is turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is separated from the source;

after T5: kn and Ki are turned off, the load current is cut off, and the mechanical switch of Kn and Ki is turned off at zero current.

The above embodiment 1 is in a basic structural form. On the basis of this, examples 2 to 10 will be explained below, in which the same portions as those in example 1 are not repeated, and the description thereof can be specifically referred to example 1, if necessary.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 2a to fig. 2d, the single-phase switch is shown, and the working principle and the working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T5, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are semi-isolated in the off state;

T0-T1, wherein Kn is firstly conducted, the source and the load are connected at one end only, no current loop exists, and a Kn mechanical switch is conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: kss starts to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, a source is communicated with a load, load current flows through the Kss, and a main contact of a Kp mechanical switch bears extremely low voltage, namely the conduction voltage drop of the Kss switch is about 2-3V;

T2-T3: kp starts to be conducted at zero voltage, due to the fact that conducting voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kp, the whole switch enters normal steady state conducting, and Kss can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

T3-T4, before turning on T3, ensuring that Kss is in a conducting state, starting Kp disconnection by T3, transferring load current to a solid-state switch Kss, keeping the Kp disconnection, and turning off Kp belonging to zero-voltage disconnection without generating electric arc;

T4-T5: kss is turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is separated from the source;

after T5: kn is turned off, the load current has been cut off, and Kn mechanical switch is turned off with zero current.

Example 3:

referring to fig. 3a to fig. 3d, the single-phase switch is shown, and the working principle and the working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T3, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are semi-isolated in the off state;

T0-T1, wherein Kn is firstly conducted, Kss is in a turn-off state, a source and a load are connected at one end only, a current loop does not exist, and a Kn mechanical switch is conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: the Kss starts to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source is communicated with the load, and load current flows through the Kss;

T2-T3: t2 begins, Kss turns off the load current, source and load are disconnected, no current;

after T3: kn is turned off, the load current has been cut off, and Kn mechanical switch is turned off with zero current.

Example 4:

referring to fig. 4 a-4 d, the working principle and working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T3, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are completely isolated in the off state;

T0-T1, wherein Kn and Kp are firstly conducted, the Kss between a source and a load keeps a turn-off state, a current loop does not exist, and the Kn and Kp mechanical switches are conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: kss starts to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source is communicated with the load, and load current flows through Kss and Kp;

T2-T3: kss is turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is disconnected with the source;

after T3: after the current of load is cut off, the source and load are completely isolated after Kn and Kp are cut off, and the mechanical switch of Kn and Kp is cut off with zero current.

Example 5:

referring to fig. 5 a-5 d, the working principle and working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T5, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are completely isolated in the off state;

the method comprises the following steps that T0-T1, Kn and Ki are conducted firstly, a source and a load are connected at one end only, a current loop does not exist, and a mechanical switch of the Kn and the Ki is conducted at zero current;

T1-T2: kss starts to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, a source is communicated with a load, load current flows through the Kss, and a main contact of a Kp mechanical switch bears extremely low voltage, namely the conduction voltage drop of the Kss switch is about 2-3V;

T2-T3: kp starts to be conducted at zero voltage, due to the fact that conducting voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kp, the whole switch enters normal steady state conducting, and Kss can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

T3-T4, before turning on T3, ensuring that Kss is in a conducting state, starting Kp disconnection by T3, transferring load current to a solid-state switch Kss, keeping the Kp disconnection, and turning off Kp belonging to zero-voltage disconnection without generating electric arc;

T4-T5: kss is turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is separated from the source;

after T5: the Kn and the Ki are turned off, the load current is cut off, and the Kn and the Ki are mechanically switched off at zero current;

this example 5 differs from the protocol of example 1: ki withstands the load current and Ki can also be used as open circuit protection.

Example 6:

referring to fig. 6a to fig. 6d, the three-phase three-wire parallel type disconnecting switch with three phases is shown, and the working principle and the working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0, after T5, all switches are in an off state in which the inputs (Va, Vb, Vc) are completely isolated from the outputs (Vao, Vbo, Vco);

kc (corresponding to Kn in examples 1-5, where Kc is called as main isolating mechanical switch), Kia and Kib are firstly conducted, the source and the load are kept in an off state by Ksas and Kssb, no current loop exists, and the Kc, Kia and Kib mechanical switches are conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: ksas and Kssb start to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source and the load are communicated, load current flows through Ksas, Kssb and Kc, and the Kpa and Kpb mechanical switch main contacts bear extremely low voltage, namely the Ksas and Kssb switches are conducted and voltage drops are about 2-3V;

T2-T3: kpa and Kpb start to be conducted at zero voltage, because the conduction voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kpa and Kpb, the whole switch enters normal steady state conduction, Ksa and Kssb can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

before entering the off T3, T3-T4 ensures that Ksas and Kssb are in the on state, T3 starts to cut off Kpa and Kpb, and the load current is transferred to and held by the solid-state switches Ksas and Kssb. The cut-off of Kpa and Kpb belongs to zero voltage cut-off, and no arc is generated;

T4-T5: kssa and Kssb are turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is separated from the source;

after T5: kc. Kia and Kib are turned off, the load current is cut off and isolated, and the Kc, Kia and Kib mechanical switches are turned off at zero current;

example 7:

referring to fig. 7 a-7 d, the three-phase three-wire series switch is shown, and the working principle and working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T3, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are completely isolated in the off state;

T0-T1, Kc, Kpa and Kpb are firstly conducted, Ksas and Kssb keep the off state between the source and the load, no current loop exists, and Kc, Kpa and Kpb mechanical switches are conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: ksas and Kssb start to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source and the load are communicated, and load current flows through Kc, Kpa and Kpb;

T2-T3: kssa and Kssb are turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is disconnected with the source;

after T3: after the load current is cut off, the mechanical switches Kc, Kpa and Kpb are switched off with zero current, and after the switches Kc, Kpa and Kpb are switched off, the source and the load are completely isolated.

Example 8:

referring to fig. 8 a-8 d, the three-phase three-wire pure solid-state semi-isolated switch is shown, and the working principle and working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T3, all switches are in off state, in this state, input and output semi-isolation T0-T1 Kc is conducted, and the load and source are connected by: kssa and Kssb keep off state, no current loop exists, and Kc mechanical switch is conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: : ksas and Kssb start to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source and the load are communicated, and load current flows through Kc, Ksas and Kssb;

T2-T3: : kssa and Kssb are turned off, load current is cut off, and the load is disconnected with the source;

after T3: when the load current is cut off, the Kc mechanical switch is turned off at zero current, and after the Kc is turned off, the source and the load are semi-isolated.

Example 9:

referring to fig. 9a to 9d, the three-phase three-wire parallel semi-isolated switch is shown, and the working principle and the working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T5, all switches are in an off state, and the input and the output are completely isolated in the off state;

T0-T1, Kc is firstly conducted, Kssa and Kssb keep the off state between the source and the load, no current loop exists, and the Kc mechanical switch is conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: ksas and Kssb start to be conducted, microsecond time is finished, the source and the load are communicated, load current flows through Ksas, Kssb and Kc, and the Kpa and Kpb mechanical switch main contacts bear extremely low voltage, namely the Ksas and Kssb switches are conducted and voltage drops are about 2-3V;

T2-T3: kpa and Kpb start to be conducted at zero voltage, because the conduction voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kpa and Kpb, the whole switch enters normal steady state conduction, Ksa and Kssb can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

T3-T4, before turning off T3, Ksas and Kssb are ensured to be in a conducting state, T3 starts Kpa and Kpb to be disconnected, load current is transferred to the solid-state switches Ksas and Kssb and is kept, and the Kpa and Kpb are turned off at zero voltage without generating electric arc;

T4-T5: kssa and Kssb are turned off, and the load current is cut off;

after T5: kc is turned off, the source and the load are cut off and isolated, and the Kc mechanical switch is turned off at zero current.

Example 10:

referring to fig. 10a to fig. 10d, the three-phase four-wire hybrid parallel full-isolation switch is shown, and the working principle and the working process of the whole switch are as follows.

Isolation state: before T0 and after T5, all switches are in off state, and the input and the output are completely isolated

K0-T1, K n, Kia, Kib, Kic are firstly conducted, Ksa, Kssb, Kssc keep the off state between the source and the load, no current loop exists, and K n, Kia, Kib, Kic mechanical switches are conducted with zero current;

T1-T2: ksas, Kssb and Kssc are switched on, microsecond time is finished, the source is communicated with the load, the load current flows through the Ksas, Kssb and Kssc, and the Ksa, Kpb and Kpc mechanical switch main contacts bear extremely low voltage, namely Kss switch conduction voltage drop;

T2-T3: kpa, Kpb and Kpc start zero voltage conduction, the conduction voltage drop of the mechanical switch is extremely low, most of load current flows through Kpa and Kpb, the whole switch enters normal steady state conduction, Ksas, Kssb and Kssc can be turned off to reduce semiconductor loss;

T3-T4, before turning off T3, ensuring that Ksas, Kssb and Kssc are in an on state, starting Kp off by T3, transferring load current to the solid-state switches Ksas, Kssb and Kssc, and keeping the Kpa, Kpb and Kpc off due to zero voltage, so that no arc is generated.

T4-T5: kssa, Kssb, Kssc are turned off, and the load current is cut off;

after T5: kc is turned off, the source and the load are cut off and isolated, and the mechanical switches Kn, Kia, Kib and Kic are turned off at zero current.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the technical solutions in these embodiments have the following advantages:

(1) the mechanical switch basically does not generate electric arc under the on and off conditions, so that the safety is improved;

(2) the mechanical switch acts without electric arc, and the service life and the reliability of the mechanical switch are obviously improved;

(3) the mechanical switch acts without electric arc, the design is simple, and the cost is reduced;

(4) the design is simplified, the purpose of realizing functions is achieved, and the use of devices is reduced;

(5) the integration of the power electronic switch and the electromagnetic machine is beneficial to optimizing the volume and the cost;

(6) under the normal on state, the power electronic switch can be switched off, and the power loss of the power electronic switch is completely eliminated;

(7) electromagnetic design can optimize the energy consumption of the control coil under the integrated design;

(8) various control modes can work in PWM (such as Kss single control state) to help load start;

(9) control circuit integration, control logic time sequence, self-diagnosis protection, communication and intelligence;

(10) the intelligent communication function is built in, so that secondary development of a client is facilitated, a parameter time sequence is set, and software is upgraded;

(11) the whole design integrates power electronic technology and electrical appliance technology, and is convenient for realizing the goals of intellectualization, miniaturization, high efficiency, low cost, long service life and safety.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid switch control mechanism comprises a plurality of solid-state switches and mechanical switches, and is characterized in that the hybrid switch control mechanism is provided with an MCU powered by an auxiliary power supply, the MCU is configured to control the solid-state switches to be switched on or switched off in a delayed mode according to an external command, and correspondingly control the mechanical switches to be switched on/off directly, or to be switched on or switched off when the voltage across the mechanical switches meets a set condition.

2. The hybrid switching control mechanism of claim 1 wherein the hybrid switch is a single phase switch, wherein: a solid switch is connected between the input port and the output port of the live wire in series, and a main isolation mechanical switch is connected between the input port and the output port of the zero wire in series.

3. The hybrid switching control mechanism of claim 1 wherein the hybrid switch is a three-phase three-wire switch wherein: solid switches are respectively connected in series between the input port and the output port of the two pairs of phase lines, and a main isolating mechanical switch is connected in series between the input port and the output port of the one pair of phase lines.

4. The hybrid switch control mechanism of claim 1, wherein the hybrid switch is a three-phase four-wire switch, wherein: solid-state switches are respectively connected in series between the three pairs of phase line input ports and the three pairs of phase line output ports, and a main isolation mechanical switch is connected in series between the pair of neutral line input ports and the pair of neutral line output ports.

5. A hybrid switch control mechanism according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the solid state switch is configured with a load bearing mechanical switch, wherein the solid state switch is in series with the load bearing mechanical switch; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when the switching-on command is confirmed, the main isolation mechanical switch and the bearing mechanical switch are respectively and directly conducted, and then the solid-state switch is conducted in a delayed mode; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the main isolation mechanical switch and the bearing mechanical switch are turned off respectively when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

6. The hybrid switching control mechanism of claim 2, 3, or 4 wherein the solid state switch is configured with a load mechanical switch, wherein the solid state switch is connected in parallel with the load mechanical switch, and wherein the load mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch form a loop; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the main isolation mechanical switch is directly conducted, the solid-state switch is conducted in a delayed mode, and then the bearing mechanical switch is conducted when the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the main isolation mechanical switch is turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

7. A hybrid switch control mechanism according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the solid state switch is provided with a load mechanical switch and an auxiliary isolating mechanical switch, wherein the solid state switch is connected in parallel with the load mechanical switch and then connected in series with the auxiliary isolating mechanical switch; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch, an auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch are respectively and directly switched on, the solid-state switch is switched on in a delayed mode, and then the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch is switched on when the voltage meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanism are respectively turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

8. The hybrid switch control mechanism of claim 2, 3, or 4, wherein the solid state switch is configured with a load bearing mechanical switch and an auxiliary isolating mechanical switch, wherein: the solid-state switch is connected with the auxiliary isolating mechanical switch in series and then connected with the bearing mechanical switch in parallel; the mechanical switch comprises a main isolation mechanical switch, an auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and a bearing mechanical switch, when a switching-on command is confirmed, the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanical switch are respectively and directly switched on, the solid-state switch is switched on in a delayed mode, and then the voltage at the two ends of the bearing mechanical switch is switched on when the voltage meets a set condition; when the turn-off command is confirmed, the bearing mechanical switch is directly turned off, the solid-state switch is turned off in a delayed mode, and then the auxiliary isolation mechanical switch and the main isolation mechanism are respectively turned off when voltages at two ends meet set conditions.

9. The hybrid switch control mechanism of claim 1, wherein the MCU is configured with an external control command module.

10. The hybrid switch control mechanism of claim 1, wherein the MCU is configured with a communication module.

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