CN215985935U - High-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device, which is characterized in that experimental pressure is conducted to a dynamic test kettle body and a dynamic circulating system through a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, and the temperature of leaking stoppage slurry is heated to experimental conditions through a test kettle body heating system; heating the holder system to the same temperature by a holder heating system; applying confining pressure to the fracture model through a confining pressure system, evacuating an experimental metering pipeline between the fracture model and a metering system through a vacuum system, applying pressure to a vacuumizing part through a back pressure system to apply initial pressure to liquid to be added, supplementing liquid to the vacuumizing part through a liquid supplementing system and achieving a stratum pressure difference condition, and simulating a stratum state before fracture drilling; when the circulating temperature and the circulating pressure reach the experimental conditions, communicating the circulating system and the crack model, and testing the volume of the plugging slurry flowing into the crack model through the metering system; and data acquisition, processing, transmission and display are carried out through the data acquisition system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device, and belongs to the field of petroleum drilling fluid leaking stoppage performance evaluation and analysis tests.
Background
Along with the continuous deepening of oil field exploration and development, more and more complex stratum conditions are encountered in the drilling process. The stratum affected by the tectonic fracture movement is often developed with cracks sensitive to density and pressure change, easy to open and expand, and difficult to leak stoppage, which has become the main problems affecting the well drilling safety and aging. And the sizes of the cracks are different, the sizes of the cracks change along with the change of the pressure of a shaft, the well leakage phenomenon occurs frequently, secondary collapse and even underground engineering accidents are caused, the underground complexity and the high occurrence are caused, and the very adverse effect is brought to the construction progress.
How to simulate underground temperature, pressure difference conditions and drilling fluid working conditions to carry out dynamic plugging experiment to evaluate on-site plugging formula and optimize plugging technology, and research composition distribution, plugging effect, adaptability to specific stratum and the like of a plugging system is a problem to be solved urgently.
At present, drilling fluid plugging experiments are mainly static experiments simulating indoor temperature and pressure difference conditions, and the plugging capability of drilling fluid on cracks in a circulating state when the drilling fluid meets the cracks in a drilling process cannot be simulated. Through literature reference and existing equipment investigation, most of the existing circulating simulation modes are that drilling fluid is stirred under pressure in a storage tank, no fluid scouring is formed on the end face of a simulated fracture module in the vertical direction of underground conditions and fractures, and the simulation conditions of the model do not meet the actual stratum state.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model designs the high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device, which can more truly simulate the dynamic and static leaking stoppage of the drilling fluid in the high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling environment to support the experimental requirements in the aspect of drilling engineering, achieve the purpose of reasonably optimizing the leaking stoppage material, provide a laboratory scheme for solving the field complex problem, and support the smooth operation and safe production of drilling work.
The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
a high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device comprises a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, a dynamic test kettle body, a dynamic circulating system, a clamp holder system, a stirring system, a test kettle body heating system, a clamp holder heating system, a confining pressure and fluid supplementing system, a vacuum system, a metering system and a data acquisition system;
the dynamic test kettle body and the dynamic circulating system comprise a slurry stirring kettle body and an outer pipeline, the slurry stirring kettle body is communicated with the outer pipeline to form the dynamic circulating system, the slurry stirring kettle body is provided with the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, the stirring system and the test kettle body heating system, and the outer pipeline is provided with a centrifugal pump to realize the pressurized circulation of the leaking stoppage slurry in the dynamic circulating system so as to simulate the leaking stoppage slurry;
the clamp holder system comprises a fracture model clamp holder and a high-pressure ball valve, the fracture model clamp holder comprises a fracture model and a clamp holder rubber sleeve, the input end of the fracture model is communicated with an outer pipeline of the dynamic circulation system, the input end of the fracture model is provided with a switch for enabling the high-pressure ball valve to enter the fracture model as plugging slurry, the output end of the fracture model is communicated with the metering system, the inlet end of the metering system is provided with the high-pressure ball valve as a stop valve for evacuating air in pores and pipelines in the fracture model and the metering system, and the metering system is used for metering the volume of the plugging slurry flowing into the fracture model; the crack model holder is provided with the holder heating system, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system can be switched to a confining pressure system or a liquid supplementing system, the confining pressure system is used for applying constant pressure to the crack model holder, the liquid supplementing system is used for supplementing liquid to an experimental metering system pipeline, and the experimental metering pipeline is a pipeline between the crack model holder and the metering system;
the confining pressure system, the liquid supplementing system and the vacuum system can be switched to be communicated with the fracture model holder and the experiment metering pipeline to match liquid supplementing and metering, and before vacuumizing, the confining pressure system is communicated with the fracture model holder; when the vacuum is pumped, the vacuum system is communicated with the experiment metering system; before liquid supplement, a back pressure system of the metering system is communicated with the experimental metering pipeline so as to apply initial pressure to liquid to be added and simulate the condition of initial pressure difference; during fluid infusion, the fluid infusion system and the back pressure system are respectively communicated with the experiment metering pipeline, and liquid in a confining pressure pump of the fluid infusion system enters the experiment metering pipeline to simulate the formation state before fracture drilling; during experiment metering, the confining pressure system is communicated with the fracture model holder and is used for applying pressure to the fracture model holder, the dynamic circulation system, the fracture model holder and the metering system are sequentially communicated, a plugging agent in the dynamic circulation system enters the fracture model, so that liquid with the same volume in the experiment metering pipeline enters the metering system, and the metering system measures the volume;
the data acquisition system comprises a holder temperature sensor, a confining pressure sensor, a static pressure sensor, a back pressure sensor, a data controller and a control computer, wherein the data controller is responsible for acquiring and processing data measured by each sensor and transmitting the data to the control computer.
The measuring system comprises a piston type intermediate container, a high-pressure ball valve, a back pressure system and an electronic balance, the bottom end of the piston type intermediate container is communicated with the output end of the crack model holder, the high-pressure ball valve is arranged on a communication pipeline of the piston type intermediate container and the crack model holder, the top end of the piston type intermediate container is connected with the back pressure system, the back pressure system comprises a back pressure pump, a back pressure valve and two high pressure valves, the back pressure valves are respectively communicated with the piston type intermediate container, the electronic balance and the back pressure pump, one high pressure valve is positioned on a pipeline between the piston type intermediate container and the back pressure valve, and the other high pressure valve is arranged on a pressurization pipeline of the back pressure system; starting the high-pressure ball valve and the two high-pressure valves from the time of liquid supplement after vacuumizing to the time of experiment end, applying pressure to the back-pressure valves through the back-pressure pump, and transmitting the pressure to the experiment metering pipeline through the pressure of the piston type intermediate container so as to apply initial pressure to the liquid in the experiment metering pipeline, and simulating an initial pressure difference condition; and during metering, the leaking stoppage slurry leaked from the crack model is replaced by the same volume of water on the top of the piston type middle container and is metered by the electronic balance.
The confining pressure and liquid supplementing system comprises a constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump and two high-pressure valves, wherein the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump is communicated with the crack model holder through a first high-pressure valve and is communicated with the experiment metering pipeline through a second high-pressure valve; when the first high-pressure valve is opened and the second high-pressure valve is closed, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system is switched to be a confining pressure system, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system is used for tracking a hydrostatic injection pressure value at the inlet end of the crack model clamp holder, pressurizing annular liquid supplementing of the clamp holder rubber sleeve and the crack model, and outputting constant pressure difference; when the first high-pressure valve is closed and the second high-pressure valve is opened, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system is switched to a liquid supplementing system and used for supplementing liquid to the experiment metering pipeline. The vacuum system consists of a vacuum pump, a buffer container and a plurality of high-pressure valves, one side of the buffer container is communicated with the vacuum pump, the other side of the buffer container is communicated with the experimental metering pipeline, and the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump is connected with an output pipeline of the buffer container through a second high-pressure valve so as to be communicated with the experimental metering pipeline; a third high-pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline between the connection position and the buffer container; a fourth high-pressure valve is arranged on the pipeline between the intersection position and the experimental metering pipeline;
when the vacuum is pumped, the second high-pressure valve is closed, and the third high-pressure valve and the fourth high-pressure valve are opened; when the back pressure is provided, the second high-pressure valve, the third high-pressure valve and the fourth high-pressure valve are closed; when the liquid is replenished, the second high-pressure valve and the fourth high-pressure valve are opened, and the third high-pressure valve is closed; when confining pressure is provided, the first high-pressure valve is opened, and the second high-pressure valve, the third high-pressure valve and the fourth high-pressure valve are closed.
The hydrostatic column pressure simulation system comprises a piston type intermediate container, a high-pressure ball valve and a constant-speed constant-pressure pump, wherein the piston type intermediate container is respectively communicated with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the slurry stirring kettle body, and the high-pressure ball valve is arranged on a pipeline between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the slurry stirring kettle body; the pressure-bearing range of the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system is 30MPa, and the effective volume of the piston type intermediate container is not less than 2L.
The hydrostatic column pressure simulation system further comprises a high-pressure valve and a safety valve, the high-pressure valve is located between the piston type middle container and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump, and the safety valve is located on a line connecting the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the piston type middle container.
And the outer pipeline is provided with a circulating system emptying valve and a high-pressure ball valve, the circulating system emptying valve is used for emptying gas in the dynamic circulating system, and the high-pressure ball valve is used for emptying gas in the dynamic circulating system or is used together with the high-pressure ball valve on the pipeline between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the slurry stirring kettle body and is respectively used as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet during a cleaning process.
The effective length of the fracture model is 40cm, the pressure bearing of the experiment is 30MPa, the temperature is between room temperature and 180 ℃, and the fracture model is made of steel or sintered rock cores with different opening degrees and is divided into a single fracture model and a combined fracture model.
The stirring system and the slurry stirring kettle body are in magnetic transmission.
Bearing pressure of 20MPa and controlling temperature in the range of room temperature to 180 ℃.
The utility model has the beneficial technical effects
The device conducts experiment pressure to a dynamic test kettle body and a dynamic circulating system through a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, and heats the temperature of leaking stoppage slurry to an experiment condition through a test kettle body heating system and the dynamic circulating system; the same temperature was provided to the fracture model by the holder heating system. During an experiment, confining pressure is applied to a fracture model through a confining pressure system, then a vacuum system evacuates pores in the fracture model in the holder and an experiment metering pipeline between the fracture model and the bottom end of a piston type intermediate container of a liquid metering system, then a back pressure system pressurizes the experiment metering pipeline to apply initial pressure to liquid to simulate an initial pressure difference condition, and then a liquid supplementing system is filled with fluid/water to reach a stratum pressure difference condition so as to simulate a stratum state before fracture drilling; and then continuously pressurizing the fracture model through a confining pressure system, so that the leakage stopping slurry does not generate flow channeling after entering the fracture model and only flows along the fracture. After the dynamic circulation system and the crack model reach the temperature and pressure conditions of the experiment, a high-pressure ball valve at the front end of the holder system and a high-pressure ball valve at the front end of the metering system are opened, so that the plugging slurry is sequentially communicated with the crack model and the metering system, the plugging agent in the dynamic circulation system enters the crack model under the action of the static liquid column pressure, the liquid with the same volume in the experiment metering pipeline enters a piston type intermediate container of the metering system, the liquid is replaced by water at the top of a piston of the piston type intermediate container, and the volume of the water is metered through the electronic balance, so that the indirect metering of the volume of the plugging agent is realized.
The test of plugging capability of plugging slurry of different crack models under different temperature and pressure difference conditions can be carried out by adjusting the pressure difference of the experiment; and measuring the volume of the plugging slurry flowing in through the crack model gap by a measuring system.
In conclusion, the device can simulate the fluid scouring effect of the stratum state circulating drilling fluid/plugging agent on the fracture section under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of the reservoir, before the fracture drilling, and a dynamic plugging experiment, and provides an experimental device which is closer to the underground conditions for the dynamic and static plugging experiment of the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating drilling fluid. The device has the advantages of high automation degree, safety, reliability, convenience in operation, high measurement accuracy and convenience for drilling field workers and indoor experiment and evaluation requirements.
The measurement result can be used for evaluating the performance of the plugging material and the plugging formula, provides a basis for adjusting the plugging formula in a drilling site, and improves the success rate of plugging.
The device also has the following advantages over prior art assay devices:
(1) the utility model adopts magnetic transmission, thus avoiding the problem of the tightness of the rotating shaft under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure;
(2) in the closed system, the adjustable centrifugal pump is adopted for liquid transmission, so that the pressurized circulation of fluid in a pipeline is realized;
(3) the experimental fluid/leakage-stopping slurry has a scouring effect of the drilling fluid on the section of the simulated fracture in the circulation process, and the fluid scouring effect on the section of the simulated fracture can be effectively realized;
(4) before the simulated crack is started, pressurized fluid is filled in the crack, so that the problem of dead volume in the aspect of metering is solved;
(5) the utility model adopts a longer experimental seam plate model, the effective length is 40cm, the pressure bearing of the experiment is 30MPa, the temperature is between room temperature and 180 ℃, and the pressure difference condition when most of the drilling fluid in China is blocked is basically met;
(6) the conditions such as real formation temperature, differential pressure and the like can be simulated, and the forward pressure bearing capacity of the leaking stoppage slurry is evaluated;
(7) the evaluation on the structure, the proportion, the temperature resistance, the pressure resistance and other performances of the plugging material can be completed, and the crack model can separately observe the plugging condition inside;
(8) the utility model aims to represent the plugging capability of the drilling fluid plugging slurry on cracks with different opening degrees in a circulating state under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and the pressure bearing capability after plugging.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulated leaking stoppage experimental device.
Reference numerals: 1. a slurry stirring kettle body; 2. a stirring system; 3. a fracture model holder; 3-1, a clamp holder rubber sleeve; 3-2, a crack model; 4. a holder heating system; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a high pressure ball valve; 7. the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump; 8. a pressure sensor; 9. a vane-type centrifugal pump; 10. a circulating system blow-down valve; 11. testing a kettle body heating system; 12. a metering piston intermediate vessel; 13. a high pressure ball valve; 14. a back pressure pump; 15. an electronic balance; 16. a back pressure valve; 17. a back pressure sensor; 18. a piston-type intermediate vessel; 19. a high pressure ball valve; 20. a constant-speed constant-pressure pump; 21. a pressure sensor; 22. a data controller; 23 controlling the computer; 24. a high pressure ball valve; 25-29, a high pressure valve; 30. a safety valve; 31. a vacuum pump; 32. a buffer container; 33-35 and a high pressure valve.
Detailed Description
For clear and complete disclosure of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will describe the contents of the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 1 and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leakage stoppage experimental apparatus of the embodiment is mainly applied to a dynamic leakage stoppage experiment under a simulated high-temperature and high-pressure condition in a drilling fluid circulation state, and includes a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, a dynamic test kettle body, a dynamic circulation system, a test kettle body heating system 11, a holder system, a holder heating system 4, a confining pressure and fluid supplementing system, a vacuum system, a metering system and a data acquisition system. The hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, the dynamic test kettle body, the dynamic circulating system, the gripper system and the metering system are sequentially connected to simulate the fluid scouring effect of the circulating drilling fluid/plugging agent on the fracture section and a dynamic plugging experiment; the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system and the vacuum system can be switched to be communicated with the clamp holder system and an experimental metering pipeline between the clamp holder system and the metering system so as to simulate the state of the stratum before drilling, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring, processing and displaying pressure, temperature and volume data of the systems.
The dynamic test kettle body and the dynamic circulating system are composed of a slurry stirring kettle body 1, a stirring system 2, an outer pipeline, a vane type centrifugal pump 9, a circulating system emptying valve 10 and a high-pressure ball valve 24. The slurry stirring kettle body 1 is communicated with an external pipeline to form a dynamic circulation system, the effective volume of the dynamic circulation system is not less than 2L, and the pressure is 30 MPa. The mud stirred tank body 1 is provided with a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, a test tank body heating system 11 and a stirring system 2. The test kettle body heating system 11 is an adjustable temperature control heating unit of a dynamic circulating system, and the highest temperature is 180 ℃. The slurry stirring kettle body 1 and the stirring system 2 are in magnetic transmission, so that the problem that the rotating shaft under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition influences the tightness of the slurry stirring kettle body 1 is avoided. The vane type centrifugal pump 9 is arranged on an outer pipeline of the dynamic circulation system and used for providing power to realize the pressurized circulation of the experimental fluid/leakage blocking slurry in the dynamic circulation system, and the displacement of the vane type centrifugal pump 9 can be adjusted. The circulation system blow-down valve 10 and the high-pressure ball valve 24 are arranged on an outer pipeline of the dynamic circulation system, and the circulation system blow-down valve 10 can exhaust gas in the whole circulation system; the high pressure ball valve 24 functions as a system pressure vent and facilitates the cleaning process.
The hydrostatic column pressure simulation system has a pressure bearing range of 30MPa and comprises a piston type intermediate container 18, a high-pressure ball valve 19, a double-cylinder constant-speed constant-pressure pump 20, a high-pressure valve 25 and a safety valve 30. The effective volume of the piston type intermediate container 18 is not less than 2L, the piston type intermediate container 18 is respectively communicated with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 20 and the slurry stirring kettle body 1, the high-pressure ball valve 19 is arranged on a pipeline between the piston type intermediate container 18 and the slurry stirring kettle body 1 and is used for draining and emptying, during a cleaning process, the high-pressure ball valve 19 and the high-pressure ball valve 24 are respectively a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, cleaning liquid can be injected from the high-pressure ball valve 24, is pumped into a dynamic circulation pipeline through the vane type centrifugal pump 9, flows into the slurry stirring kettle body 1 and then flows out from the high-pressure ball valve 19 for circular washing. A high pressure valve 25 is located between the piston-type intermediate reservoir 18 and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 20 for connecting or disconnecting the pressure transmission of the piston-type intermediate reservoir 18 and the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 20, and also for emptying the liquid discharge. The system is provided with a safety valve 30 with overpressure protection, which is positioned on a circuit connecting the constant-speed constant-pressure pump 20 and the piston type intermediate container 18 and can alarm in a pressure limiting manner, so that the device is safe to operate.
The holder system comprises a crack model holder 3 and a high-pressure ball valve 6, wherein the crack model holder 3 comprises a holder rubber sleeve 3-1 and a crack model 3-2, and the crack model 3-2 is divided into a single crack model and a multi-crack model combined crack model which are respectively made of steel or sintered rock cores with different opening degrees. The input end of the fracture model holder 3 is communicated with an external pipeline of the dynamic circulation system, and the input end of the fracture model holder 3 is provided with the high-pressure ball valve 6 for controlling experiment fluid/leaking stoppage slurry in the dynamic circulation system to enter a switch of the fracture model holder 3; the output end of the fracture model holder 3 is communicated with the metering system, and the metering system meters the volume of the experimental fluid/plugging slurry flowing in through the fracture model 3-2.
The metering system consists of a piston type intermediate container 12, a high-pressure ball valve 13, a back pressure system and an electronic balance 15, the back pressure system consists of a back pressure pump 14, a back pressure valve 16 and high- pressure valves 28 and 29, and the pressure bearing range of the back pressure system is 30 MPa. The piston type intermediate container 12 is communicated with the output end of the fracture model holder 3, and the high-pressure ball valve 13 is arranged in front of the piston type intermediate container and the fracture model holder and is used as a stop valve between the piston type intermediate container and the intermediate container of the metering system when air in pores and pipelines in the fracture model is pumped out; the back pressure valve 16 is respectively communicated with the piston type intermediate container 12, the electronic balance 15 and the back pressure pump 14. The piston-type intermediate container 12 is used for equal volume displacement because the test fluid/plugging slurry is not convenient for fluid metering through the back pressure valve 16. The leak stopping slurry pushes the gap of the crack plate of the crack model 3-2 and the water in the front section of the metering system to enter the bottom of the piston type intermediate container 12, the water on the top of the piston is discharged in the same volume to the metering electronic balance 15, the back pressure is applied to the back pressure valve 16 through the back pressure pump 14 from the time before the liquid is supplemented to the time when the experiment is finished, the supplemented stratum water/liquid/water is in the experimental metering pipeline before the communication, after the communication, the leak stopping agent in the dynamic circulation system enters the crack model 3-2 and can push the liquid with the same volume in the experimental metering pipeline to enter the piston type intermediate container 12, and the liquid is metered through the electronic balance 15, so that the leak stopping slurry leaked from the crack model 3-2 is metered by the water with the same volume, and the volume of the leak stopping slurry is obtained. The back-pressure valve 16 is a metal valve plate type back-pressure valve. The high-pressure valve 28 opens or closes the inlet end from the piston type intermediate container 12 to the back-pressure valve 16, if the back-pressure system has problems, the back-pressure system can be replaced in time, and the experiment can be ensured to be carried out; the high-pressure valve 29 is a valve of the pressurization line of the back pressure system.
The fracture model holder 3 is provided with the holder heating system 4 and a confining pressure and liquid supplementing system. The holder heating system 4 is an adjustable temperature controlled heating unit of the holder system for providing the same experimental temperature conditions to the holder system.
The confining pressure and liquid supplementing system can be switched to a confining pressure system or a liquid supplementing system and comprises a constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 and a plurality of high-pressure valves, the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 is communicated with the crack model clamp holder through a high-pressure valve 26 and is communicated with the experiment metering pipeline through a high-pressure valve 34, and the high-pressure valve 34 is used for sealing the liquid supplementing system. When the high-pressure valve 26 is opened and the high-pressure valve 34 is closed, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system is switched to be a confining pressure system, pressure is applied to the crack model 3-2 through a constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 communicated with the crack model holder 3, so that after the valve 6 is opened, experimental fluid/leakage blocking slurry entering from a dynamic circulation system cannot generate cross flow in the crack model 3-2 and only flows along the crack, and the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 can track the pressure 21 value at the inlet end of the holder, namely the hydrostatic column pressure, and output constant pressure difference, and the confining pressure system and the holder system bear 35 MPa; when the high-pressure valve 26 is closed and the high-pressure valve 34 is opened, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system is switched to a liquid supplementing system for supplementing liquid to the experiment metering pipeline and maintaining the pressure of the clamp holder system. The confining pressure system is also provided with a high pressure valve 27 for venting the holder confining pressure system.
The vacuum system consists of a vacuum pump 31, a buffer container 32, a high-pressure valve 33 and a high-pressure valve 35, and the communication relation between the confining pressure system, the liquid supplementing system and the vacuum system, the crack model holder 3 and the experiment metering pipeline can be switched by switching on and off the valves so as to match liquid supplementing and metering. One side of the buffer container 32 is communicated with the vacuum pump 31, the other side of the buffer container is communicated with an experimental metering pipeline, the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 is connected with an output pipeline of the buffer container 32 through a high-pressure valve 34 so as to be communicated with the experimental metering pipeline, and a high-pressure valve 35 is arranged on a pipeline between the connected position and the buffer container 32; a high-pressure valve 33 is arranged on a pipeline between the intersection position and the experimental metering pipeline, and a high-pressure valve 35 is used for sealing and isolating the liquid supplementing system and the vacuum system; the high pressure valve 33 is used to seal off the vacuum system during metering. When the pores of the crack model 3-2 and the experimental metering pipeline are exhausted, closing the high-pressure valve 34, and opening the high-pressure valve 35 and the high-pressure valve 33; when the liquid is replenished, the high-pressure valve 26 and the high-pressure valve 35 are closed, and the high-pressure valve 34 and the high-pressure valve 33 are opened; and when confining pressure is provided after liquid supplement, the high- pressure valves 34 and 33 are closed, the high-pressure valve 26 is opened, and the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 is used for providing confining pressure for the fracture model clamp 3.
The data acquisition system consists of a temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 8, a back pressure sensor 17, a pressure sensor 21, a data controller 22 and a control computer 23 and is responsible for acquiring experimental data and transmitting signals. The temperature sensor 5 is positioned at the inner front section of the fracture model 3-2 and used for measuring the temperature of the experimental fluid/leaking stoppage slurry; the pressure sensor 8 reads the system confining pressure; the back pressure sensor 17 reads the system back pressure; the pressure sensor 21 reads the hydrostatic column pressure; the data controller 22 is responsible for collecting, processing and transmitting the data measured by each sensor to the control computer.
The device is designed to bear pressure of 20MPa, the temperature control range is from room temperature to 180 ℃, the internal volume of the dynamic circulation system and the hydrostatic column pressure system is not less than 3000mL, and the length of a crack model 3-2 matched with the holder system is 40 cm.
Principle of operation
During experiment, the experimental pressure is conducted to the dynamic test kettle body and the dynamic circulating system through the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, and the temperature of the experimental fluid/leaking stoppage slurry is heated to the experimental condition through the test kettle body heating system 11 and the dynamic circulating system; fluid in the fracture model is heated by the holder heating system 4, and the same experimental temperature conditions are provided for the holder system.
When the waiting temperature and the pressure reach the experimental conditions, firstly opening the high-pressure valve 26, applying confining pressure to the fracture model through a confining pressure system, wherein the confining pressure is 2.5-3Mpa greater than the hydrostatic column pressure, then closing the high-pressure valve 26, keeping the pressure of the fracture model, opening the high-pressure valve 35 and the high-pressure valve 33, and evacuating the pores of the fracture model 3-2 and the experimental metering pipeline from the preposed pipeline of the piston type intermediate container 18 of the metering system to the high-pressure ball valve 13 through a vacuum system; closing the high-pressure valves 35 and 33, opening the high-pressure valves 29 and 28 and the high-pressure ball valve 13, communicating the metering system with the crack model 3-2, applying pressure to the experimental metering pipeline through a back-pressure pump 14 of the back-pressure system to apply initial pressure to the liquid to be supplemented, wherein the back pressure is smaller than the pressure of the hydrostatic column, and simulating the condition of the initial pressure difference according to the adjustment of the experimental pressure difference; then opening a high-pressure valve 35 and a high-pressure valve 34, filling the experiment metering pipeline with fluid and achieving a stratum pressure difference condition through a constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 so as to simulate the stratum state before fracture drilling, wherein the fluid supplementing pressure is lower than the confining pressure and the back pressure; after the liquid supplement is finished, the high-pressure valves 34 and 35 are closed, the high-pressure valve 26 is opened, and the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump 7 is used for providing confining pressure for the crack model holder 3, so that the leakage-stopping slurry can not generate cross flow in the crack model 3-2 and only flows along the crack.
And after the dynamic circulation system reaches the temperature and pressure condition of the experiment, starting a high-pressure ball valve 6 at the front end of the clamp holder system to communicate the experiment fluid/leakage plugging slurry with the crack model 3-2. Because the fluid measurement is inconvenient to carry out through the back pressure valve for the experimental fluid, the piston type intermediate container 12 is adopted for isometric displacement, and the water on the top of the piston is discharged to the measuring electronic balance 15 in isometric volume, so that the volume of the plugging slurry is obtained.
Then, testing the plugging capability of the plugging slurry of different fracture models 3-2 under different pressure difference conditions by adjusting the pressure difference between the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system and the back pressure system; the experimental data is recorded by a data acquisition system (provided with a computer) in real time, and the hydrostatic column pressure, the back pressure, the clamp confining pressure, the temperature of the experimental fluid/leaking stoppage slurry at the leaking stoppage end, and the temperature of the dynamic test kettle body and the circulating system during the experiment can be acquired in the whole course.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes in the size of the anti-counterfeit plastic package or the size and number of the crack lines, which can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device is characterized by comprising a hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, a dynamic test kettle body, a dynamic circulating system, a clamp holder system, a stirring system, a test kettle body heating system, a clamp holder heating system, a confining pressure and liquid supplementing system, a vacuum system, a metering system and a data acquisition system;
the dynamic test kettle body and the dynamic circulating system comprise a slurry stirring kettle body and an outer pipeline, the slurry stirring kettle body is communicated with the outer pipeline to form the dynamic circulating system, the slurry stirring kettle body is provided with the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system, the stirring system and the test kettle body heating system, and the outer pipeline is provided with a centrifugal pump to realize the pressurized circulation of the leaking stoppage slurry in the dynamic circulating system so as to simulate the leaking stoppage slurry;
the clamp holder system comprises a fracture model clamp holder and a high-pressure ball valve, the fracture model clamp holder comprises a fracture model and a clamp holder rubber sleeve, the input end of the fracture model is communicated with an outer pipeline of the dynamic circulation system, the input end of the fracture model is provided with a switch for enabling the high-pressure ball valve to enter the fracture model as plugging slurry, the output end of the fracture model is communicated with the metering system, the inlet end of the metering system is provided with the high-pressure ball valve as a stop valve for evacuating air in pores and pipelines in the fracture model and the metering system, and the metering system is used for metering the volume of the plugging slurry flowing into the fracture model; the crack model holder is provided with the holder heating system, the confining pressure and liquid supplementing system can be switched to a confining pressure system or a liquid supplementing system, the confining pressure system is used for applying constant pressure to the crack model holder, the liquid supplementing system is used for supplementing liquid to an experimental metering system pipeline, and the experimental metering pipeline is a pipeline between the crack model holder and the metering system;
the confining pressure system, the liquid supplementing system and the vacuum system can be switched to be communicated with the fracture model holder and the experiment metering pipeline to match liquid supplementing and metering;
the data acquisition system comprises a holder temperature sensor, a confining pressure sensor, a static pressure sensor, a back pressure sensor, a data controller and a control computer, wherein the data controller is responsible for acquiring and processing data measured by each sensor and transmitting the data to the control computer.
2. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metering system comprises a piston type intermediate container, a high-pressure ball valve, a back-pressure system and an electronic balance, the bottom end of the piston type intermediate container is communicated with the output end of the fracture model holder, the high-pressure ball valve is arranged on a communication pipeline of the piston type intermediate container and the fracture model holder, the top end of the piston type intermediate container is connected with the back-pressure system, the back-pressure system comprises a back-pressure pump, a back-pressure valve and two high-pressure valves, the back-pressure valves are respectively communicated with the piston type intermediate container, the electronic balance and the back-pressure pump, one high-pressure valve is located on a pipeline between the piston type intermediate container and the back-pressure valve, and the other high-pressure valve is arranged on a pressurization pipeline of the back-pressure system.
3. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the confining pressure and fluid supplementing system comprises a constant-pressure constant-flow automatic tracking confining pressure pump and two high-pressure valves, the constant-pressure constant-flow automatic tracking confining pressure pump is communicated with the fracture model holder through a first high-pressure valve and is communicated with the experimental metering pipeline through a second high-pressure valve.
4. The simulated leakage stoppage experimental device for the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating drilling fluid as claimed in claim 3, wherein the vacuum system is composed of a vacuum pump, a buffer container and a plurality of high-pressure valves, one side of the buffer container is communicated with the vacuum pump, the other side of the buffer container is communicated with the experimental metering pipeline, and the constant-pressure constant-current automatic tracking confining pressure pump is connected with the output pipeline of the buffer container through a second high-pressure valve so as to be communicated with the experimental metering pipeline; a third high-pressure valve is arranged on a pipeline between the connection position and the buffer container; and a fourth high-pressure valve is arranged on the pipeline between the intersection position and the experimental metering pipeline.
5. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system comprises a piston type intermediate container, a high-pressure ball valve and a constant-speed constant-pressure pump, the piston type intermediate container is respectively communicated with the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the mud stirring kettle body, and the high-pressure ball valve is arranged on a pipeline between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the mud stirring kettle body; the pressure-bearing range of the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system is 30MPa, and the effective volume of the piston type intermediate container is not less than 2L.
6. The device for simulating the leakage stoppage of the drilling fluid under the high temperature and the high pressure according to claim 5, wherein the hydrostatic column pressure simulation system further comprises a high pressure valve and a safety valve, the high pressure valve is located between the piston type intermediate container and the constant speed and constant pressure pump, and the safety valve is located on a line connecting the constant speed and constant pressure pump and the piston type intermediate container.
7. The high-temperature and high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 5, wherein a circulating system emptying valve and a high-pressure ball valve are arranged on the outer pipeline, the circulating system emptying valve is used for emptying gas in the dynamic circulating system, and the high-pressure ball valve is used for emptying gas in the dynamic circulating system or is used in combination with the high-pressure ball valve on a pipeline between the constant-speed constant-pressure pump and the mud stirring kettle body, and is respectively used as a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet during a cleaning process.
8. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective length of the fracture model is 40cm, the pressure bearing capacity of the experiment is 30MPa, the temperature is from room temperature to 180 ℃, and the fracture model is made of steel or sintered rock cores with different opening degrees and is divided into a single fracture model and a combined fracture model.
9. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring system and the mud stirring kettle body are in magnetic transmission.
10. The high-temperature high-pressure circulating drilling fluid simulation leaking stoppage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure bearing is 20MPa, and the temperature control range is from room temperature to 180 ℃.
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| CN114994291A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-09-02 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Pressure-controlled well cementation process simulation evaluation device and method for ultrahigh-temperature high-pressure narrow-density window stratum |
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