CN215985585U - Stress test device for testing performance of cylinder elastic test piece - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a stress test device for testing the performance of a cylindrical elastic test piece, which comprises an objective table, a movable clamp and a knob, wherein the objective table is provided with a plurality of movable clamping devices; the objective table is provided with a cavity, and a cross-shaped chassis groove is arranged in the cavity; the movable clamp is arranged in the cavity and comprises a large gear and four sliding block groups positioned in the large gear, and each sliding block group consists of a larger cylindrical sliding block, a smaller cylindrical sliding block and a connecting plate between the larger cylindrical sliding block and the smaller cylindrical sliding block; the first inserting ports at the bottoms of the larger cylinder sliding block and the smaller cylinder sliding block are limited in the chassis groove; the big gear is provided with 4 spiral guide grooves, and a second socket at the top of the smaller cylindrical sliding block is positioned in the guide grooves; the periphery of the big gear is provided with a bevel gear part; the end of the knob is provided with a transmission gear meshed with the bevel gear part.

Description

Stress test device for testing performance of cylinder elastic test piece

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a stress test device for testing the performance of a cylindrical elastic test piece, belonging to the technical field of material mechanical property testing.

Background

The elastic backing plate of the steel rail fastener is an important part related to the shock absorption performance of the railway, and the mechanical property and the fatigue performance of the elastic backing plate are related to the safety of the railway. The elastic steel rail fastener base plate can effectively reduce vibration generated when a train runs over a steel rail, so that performance test on an elastic test piece is required for a large number of times to determine the mechanical property of the elastic base plate, ensure that an elastic material used by the fastener base plate can normally work in the service life of the elastic material, and ensure engineering safety. However, when the elastic cushion plate is subjected to a mechanical fatigue test, if a common fixture is used for carrying out a large number of loading tests, the test piece can continuously bounce and deviate after being loaded by force, and finally deviates from the detection position of the stress sensor, even the fatigue tester is damaged. In addition, a large number of tests prove that the diameter of the test piece can change to a certain extent after the test piece undergoes fatigue tests, so that the opening of the clamp needs to be flexibly adjusted.

How to improve the existing elastic test piece clamp to limit the position of a test piece and flexibly adjust the size of the test piece is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a stress test device for testing the performance of a cylindrical elastic test piece block, which reflects the fatigue performance of the whole elastic backing plate by testing the mechanical property of a cylindrical part on the elastic backing plate of a fastener and can meet the requirement of limiting the activity of an elastic test piece.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a stress test device for testing the performance of a cylindrical elastic test piece comprises an objective table 1, a movable clamp 4 and a knob 5; the objective table 1 is provided with a cavity, and a cross-shaped chassis groove 8 is arranged in the cavity; the movable clamp 4 is arranged in the cavity and comprises a large gear and four sliding block groups positioned in the large gear, wherein each sliding block group consists of a larger cylindrical sliding block 13, a smaller cylindrical sliding block 14 and a connecting plate between the larger cylindrical sliding block and the smaller cylindrical sliding block; the first inserting openings 22 at the bottoms of the larger cylinder sliding block 13 and the smaller cylinder sliding block 14 are limited in the chassis groove 8; the bull gear is provided with 4 spiral guide grooves 16, and a second socket 15 at the top of the smaller cylindrical sliding block 14 is limited in the guide grooves 16; the periphery of the big gear is provided with a bevel gear part 17; the end of the knob 5 is provided with a transmission gear 20 meshed with the bevel gear part 17.

Preferably, a sensor strain gauge 18 and a sensor processing unit 19 which are connected with each other are arranged inside the object stage 1, and the sensor processing unit 19 is respectively connected with the sensor power interface 6 and the sensor data interface 7.

Preferably, the device also comprises a telescopic supporting component and a pressure rod; the telescopic supporting component is arranged on the objective table and supports the pressure rod, and the pressure rod is arranged right above the movable clamp 4.

Further, the telescopic support member includes a support rod 2 and a piston rod 3 which is telescopic along the support rod 2.

Furthermore, the piston rod 3 is a cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a groove with the depth of 1 mm; the piston rod 3 and the support rod 2 are both telescopic hydraulic structures.

Preferably, the knob is disposed at one side of the stage.

Preferably, the sensor strain gage 18 is a square sheet.

Preferably, the bottom of the piston rod 3 is provided with a groove.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1) the bottom of the piston rod and the center of the objective table are provided with openings, an elastic test piece can be placed into the openings, the position of the elastic test piece is fixed in a fatigue test, the movement of the rubber block is limited in a dynamic loading test for a large number of continuous times, and the bounce deviation of the rubber block is prevented, so that the test is prevented from being interfered and the data are collected.

2) The device on the objective table can change the aperture size of the middle opening, can place test pieces with different sizes, and adapts to different test requirements; the size of the opening can be adjusted by rotating the knob arranged on one side of the objective table, and the operation is convenient.

3) The stress sensor is arranged below the clamp in the objective table, and after the elastic test piece is placed in the clamp, the initial data of the elastic test piece, such as quality, elastic performance, diameter, height and the like, can be obtained.

4) The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, easy disassembly and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the stage structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the movable clamp;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the upper portion of the slider. *

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the lower portion of the slider.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bull gear;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sensing unit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the knob;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the piston rod and the support rod.

The device comprises an object stage 1, a support rod 2, a piston rod 3, a movable clamp 4, a knob 5, a sensor power interface 6, a sensor data interface 7, a chassis groove 8, a gearwheel 9, a slider 10, a knob 11, a sensor 12, a larger cylinder slider 13, a smaller cylinder slider 14, a second socket 15, a guide groove 16, a bevel gear part 17, a transducer strain gauge 18, a sensor processing unit 19, a transmission gear 20, a piston rod bottom groove 21 and a first socket 22.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1-9, a stress test device for testing fatigue property of elastic backing plate of fastener comprises an objective table 1, a support rod 2 and a piston rod 3. The piston rod 3 is a cylinder, the middle part of the piston rod is a telescopic hydraulic structure, and the bottom of the piston rod is provided with a groove 21 with the depth of 1 mm. The support rod 2 is also designed to be a telescopic hydraulic structure, and the height of the piston rod can be controlled. A groove with the depth of 5mm is arranged at the center of the objective table 1 and is positioned under the pressure rod, a movable clamp 4 is arranged in the groove, and a sheet-shaped sensing element 18 is arranged at the bottom of the movable clamp.

The movable mechanical structure is used for placing four sliding blocks 10 in a mode as shown in fig. 3, and the four sliding blocks 10 slide along a groove track at the bottom of an opening to form an opening capable of clamping a cylindrical test piece and be used for fixing test pieces with different diameters. The cylinder of each slider one side passes through slot connection chassis, and the opposite side cylinder links to each other with recess 16 on the gear wheel 9, and through gear wheel 9 transmission, the slider can control open-ended size along chassis orbit slip to can fix the not unidimensional test piece, satisfy experimental needs to fixing the not unidimensional test piece.

Referring to fig. 3, a pair of gear wheel 9 and the drive gear 20 of stock that mutually perpendicular put, the drive gear 20 other end of stock connects a knob 5, sets up in one side of objective table, and the design can make things convenient for laboratory technician operating means like this, and laboratory technician can just can rotate the knob in the device side, drives drive gear 20's rotation, and then drives whole device activity. The bull gear 9 is designed into a circular ring structure, the outer circle is designed into a bevel gear tooth part 17 and can receive transmission from a transmission gear 20, and four grooves 16 are uniformly arranged on the inner side at equal intervals to drive the sliding block 10 to slide.

Referring to fig. 4-5, the slider 10 is designed as a structure in which two cylinders 13, 14 with different heights are connected through a connecting rod, and the bottom of the higher cylinder is provided with a socket 15 which is clamped in the sliding groove 8 of the chassis; the top and the bottom of the cylinder on the other side are provided with sockets 15, the socket at the bottom of the cylinder is also inserted into the groove 8 of the chassis to fix the motion posture of the sliding block, and the socket at the top is inserted into the groove 16 of the bull gear. The design can mutually match the four sliding blocks to form an opening, the opening is conveniently controlled to be zoomed in and zoomed out, and the production is also convenient.

A knob 5 is provided at one side of the device for easy operation. When the laboratory technician is facing the test station, he can easily grasp the knob located on the side of the fixture to adjust the fixture to the desired size. The side face of the knob is provided with degrees corresponding to the maximum diameter of the test piece which can be clamped by the opening, so that the knob can be manually adjusted by a user.

Taking the mechanical property of measuring a fastener rubber base plate as an example, in the specific implementation process, taking a cylindrical test piece off the base plate to measure the fatigue property of a cylindrical test piece on the elastic base plate to reflect the mechanical property of the whole base plate, firstly measuring the height, diameter and other data of the test piece, then lifting the support rod through the oil pump, and raising the height of the piston rod until the test piece can be put into the support rod. And a test piece is placed into the clamp opening in the center of the objective table, and then the diameter of the opening is reduced to just limit the clamp by rotating the knob, so that initial data of the sensor can be acquired. The height of the piston rod is reduced until the bottom of the piston rod touches the top of the test piece, the pressure reading of the sensor changes, and then the test can be started.

Considering that the data such as the height diameter of the test piece after each loading test changes, the data such as the height diameter needs to be measured again after each test is interrupted. And lifting the piston rod after the test is interrupted, taking out the test piece, measuring the height and diameter of the test piece again, readjusting the opening of the clamp, putting the test piece in the clamp, then lowering the piston rod, and restarting the test.

The innovation that this embodiment embodies lies in being equipped with a mobilizable slider mechanism on the objective table, with knob control, through gear drive to overcome the test piece and can bounce the prior art problem of skew constantly after receiving the force loading. The utility model can limit the movement of the test piece in the fatigue test, and can adjust the size of the opening to meet the test requirement.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a stress test device for testing cylinder elasticity test piece performance which characterized in that:

comprises an object stage (1), a movable clamp (4) and a knob (5);

the objective table (1) is provided with a cavity, and a cross-shaped chassis groove (8) is arranged in the cavity;

the movable clamp (4) is arranged in the cavity and comprises a large gear and four sliding block groups positioned in the large gear, and each sliding block group consists of a larger cylindrical sliding block (13), a smaller cylindrical sliding block (14) and a connecting plate between the larger cylindrical sliding block and the smaller cylindrical sliding block;

the first inserting holes (22) at the bottoms of the larger cylinder sliding block (13) and the smaller cylinder sliding block (14) are limited in the chassis groove (8);

the big gear is provided with 4 spiral guide grooves (16), and a second inserting hole (15) at the top of the small cylindrical sliding block (14) is positioned in the guide grooves (16); a bevel gear part (17) is arranged around the big gear;

the end of the knob (5) is provided with a transmission gear (20) meshed with the bevel gear part (17).

2. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the object stage (1) is internally provided with a sensor strain gauge (18) and a sensor processing unit (19) which are connected with each other, and the sensor processing unit (19) is respectively connected with a sensor power interface (6) and a sensor data interface (7).

3. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a telescopic supporting component and a pressure rod; the telescopic supporting component is arranged on the objective table and supports the pressure rod, and the pressure rod is arranged right above the movable clamp (4).

4. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 3, wherein: the telescopic supporting component comprises a supporting rod (2) and a piston rod (3) which stretches along the supporting rod (2).

5. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 4, wherein: the piston rod (3) is a cylinder, and the bottom of the piston rod is provided with a groove with the depth of 1 mm; the piston rod (3) and the support rod (2) are both telescopic hydraulic structures.

6. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the knob is arranged on one side of the objective table.

7. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor strain gauge (18) is a square sheet.

8. The stress testing apparatus for testing the performance of the cylindrical elastic test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the piston rod (3) is provided with a groove.

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