CN215982659U - Prevent stifled dust type air heater - Google Patents
Prevent stifled dust type air heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN215982659U CN215982659U CN202122056337.2U CN202122056337U CN215982659U CN 215982659 U CN215982659 U CN 215982659U CN 202122056337 U CN202122056337 U CN 202122056337U CN 215982659 U CN215982659 U CN 215982659U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
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Abstract
The utility model provides an anti-blocking dust removal type air preheater, which comprises a rotatable rotor, wherein a heat exchange element is arranged in the rotor, the top of the rotor is provided with a hot flue gas inlet, a hot air area is arranged above the heat exchange element, a cold air area is arranged below the heat exchange element, the hot air area is divided into a hot primary air area and a hot secondary air area through a partition plate, and the cold air area is divided into a cold primary air area and a cold secondary air area through a partition plate; a cold primary air inlet and a cold secondary air inlet are correspondingly and respectively arranged below a hot primary air outlet of the hot primary air area and a hot secondary air outlet of the hot secondary air area; a backflow pipeline is communicated and arranged between a backflow port on the hot primary air outlet and the cold secondary air inlet, a hot air spray gun is arranged at the tail end of the backflow pipeline, and the hot air spray gun is positioned at the bottom of the heat exchange element in the cold secondary air area; the hot air spray gun is used for heating and blowing the heat exchange element above the cold secondary air inlet by using hot primary air conveyed by the return pipeline. Can effectively reduce low-temperature corrosion and effectively relieve the blockage problem of the air preheater.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of blockage removal and blockage prevention of rotary air preheaters, and relates to a blockage-preventing and dust-removing type air preheater.
Background
With the increasing importance on environmental protection in China and the increasing requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction, the emission limit of nitrogen oxides in the atmospheric pollutant emission Standard of thermal power plants (GB13223-2011) is further increased to 50mg/Nm3. In recent years, the popularization and application of the denitration SCR system in a thermal power plant inevitably brings about an ammonia escape phenomenon, and a large amount of escaped ammonia contacts SO in flue gas2Formation of NH4HSO4。
NH4HSO4The air preheater is in a liquid state at the temperature of 146-207 ℃ when being cooled in a low-temperature section of the air preheater. Due to NH4HSO4The air preheater has strong adhesion, adsorbs a large amount of dust under a long-term working state, causes the blockage phenomenon of the air preheater, causes the deviation of fan parameters from a design value, increases the service power, also causes corrosion to the air preheater, and also needs to be shut down for cleaning when the blockage problem of the air preheater is serious, thereby reducing the working efficiency of a unit and causing serious adverse effects to a plurality of thermal power plants in the past. Common air preheater treatment methods include high-pressure water flushing, steam soot blowing and the like, butBoth have their drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
Against the blockage of the prior art air preheater, in particular NH4HSO4The utility model aims to provide an anti-blocking dust removal type air preheater.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
an anti-blocking dust removal type air preheater comprises a rotatable rotor, wherein a heat exchange element is arranged in the rotor, a hot flue gas inlet is formed in the top of the rotor, a hot air area is arranged above the heat exchange element, a cold air area is arranged below the heat exchange element, the hot air area is divided into a hot primary air area and a hot secondary air area through a partition plate, and the cold air area is divided into a cold primary air area and a cold secondary air area through a partition plate;
a cold primary air inlet and a cold secondary air inlet are correspondingly and respectively arranged below the hot primary air outlet of the hot primary air area and the hot secondary air outlet of the hot secondary air area;
a backflow pipeline is communicated between a backflow port on the hot primary air outlet and the cold secondary air inlet, a hot air spray gun is arranged at the tail end of the backflow pipeline, and the hot air spray gun is positioned at the bottom of the heat exchange element in the cold secondary air area;
the hot air spray gun is used for heating and blowing the heat exchange element above the cold secondary air inlet by using hot primary air conveyed by a return pipeline;
the hot air spray gun is provided with a plurality of nozzles with different calibers facing the heat exchange element, and the distance between the nozzles and the heat exchange element is 150-250 mm.
Furthermore, an air gathering bin is arranged between the cold primary air inlet and the cold secondary air inlet, and the hot air spray gun is positioned in the air gathering bin at the cold secondary air inlet.
Specifically, the air return upper pipeline is provided with a valve.
Specifically, the number of the nozzles is 4-6.
Specifically, the angle of the nozzle is expanded by 10-45 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) according to the utility model, the heat exchange element above the cold secondary air inlet is heated and swept by the high-speed high-temperature hot air sprayed from the hot air spray gun, the temperature of the hot air reaches 260-270 ℃, the low-temperature corrosion can be effectively reduced, the blockage problem can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the high-speed hot air flow sprayed from the nozzle can realize the cleaning effect on ash attached to the heat storage element, and the problem of ash blockage of the heat storage sheet is solved;
(2) the utility model can be flexibly controlled and can be operated intermittently or continuously according to the blocking condition;
(3) the utility model does not damage the heat accumulation piece, and compared with the traditional high-pressure water gun washing mode, the utility model can damage the heat accumulation piece, and the service life of the heat accumulation piece is not damaged by adopting the technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the installation of the hot blast spray gun;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hot air spray gun nozzle and a heat exchange element;
the meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is:
1. a hot primary air outlet; 11. a return port; 12. a return line; 13. a valve; 14. a wind gathering bin; 2. a hot secondary air outlet; 3. a cold primary air inlet; 4. a cold secondary air inlet; 5. a hot air spray gun; 51. a nozzle; 6. a hot flue gas inlet; 7. a rotor; 8. a heat exchange element; 9. a sealing region.
The details of the present invention are explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
The air leakage rate of the rotary air preheater is the ratio of the mass of air leaking into the flue gas side of the air preheater to the mass of flue gas entering the flue.
The rotating body supported by the bearing is called a rotor.
An electrically controlled valve, also called an anti-blocking valve, is arranged on the return pipeline at the hot primary air outlet, and the opening of the valve can be controlled on a DSC (central control unit).
Among the nozzles 51 having different diameters, the penetration depth of the nozzle 51 on the inner side in the radial direction is 600 to 700mm, and the penetration depth of the nozzle 51 on the outer side is 1200 to 1500 mm. The inner side and the outer side are the inner side close to the central bearing of the air preheater along the radial direction and the outer side far away from the central bearing of the air preheater along the radial direction. The jet depth which is increased along the radial direction can be realized by adopting different-caliber nozzles on the equal-diameter hot air spray gun, and the jet depth which is increased along the radial direction can also be realized by adopting the same caliber on the sectional diameter-variable hot air spray gun.
Example (b):
in this embodiment, an anti-blocking dust-removing type air preheater is provided, as shown in fig. 1, the air preheater includes a rotatable rotor 7, a heat exchange element 8 is disposed in the rotor 7, a hot flue gas inlet 6 is disposed at the top of the rotor 7, a hot air region is disposed above the heat exchange element 8, a cold air region is disposed below the hot air region, the hot air region is divided into a hot primary air region and a hot secondary air region by a partition plate, and the cold air region is divided into a cold primary air region and a cold secondary air region by a partition plate;
a cold primary air inlet 3 and a cold secondary air inlet 4 are correspondingly and respectively arranged below the hot primary air outlet 1 of the hot primary air area and the hot secondary air outlet 2 of the hot secondary air area;
a return pipe 12 is communicated between a return port 11 on the hot primary air outlet 1 and the cold secondary air inlet 4, a hot air spray gun 5 is arranged at the tail end of the return pipe 12, and the hot air spray gun 5 is positioned at the bottom of the heat exchange element 8 in the cold secondary air area;
the hot air spray gun 5 is used for heating and purging the heat exchange element 8 above the cold secondary air inlet 4 by using hot primary air conveyed by a return pipeline 12; by reaction of NH4HSO4The gasification and volatilization reach the purposes of dredging the heat exchange element 8 and preventing the blockage of the rotary air preheater.
As shown in fig. 4, the hot air spray gun 5 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 51 with different apertures facing the heat exchange element 8, and the distance s between the nozzles 51 and the heat exchange element 8 is 150-250 mm.
The self-backflow of the hot primary air is realized by utilizing the pressure difference (about 6-8 kpa) between the pipeline of the hot primary air outlet 1 of the air preheater and the pipeline of the cold secondary air inlet 4, and the cold end of the heat exchange element 8 is heated and swept by a hot air spray gun 5 arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange element 8, so that NH is generated4HSO4The gasification and volatilization reach the purposes of dredging the heat exchange element 8 and preventing the blockage of the rotary air preheater.
Furthermore, a closed wind gathering bin 14 is arranged between the cold primary air inlet 3 and the cold secondary air inlet 4, and the hot air spray gun 5 is positioned in the wind gathering bin 14 at the cold secondary air inlet 4 and matched with the wind gathering bin 14 in shape. The wind gathering bin 14 is located in a sealing area 9 of the cold primary air inlet 3 and the cold secondary air inlet 4, and specifically, the wind gathering bin 14 is a fan-shaped wind gathering bin formed by sealing and enclosing partition plates with an included angle of 10 degrees in combination with fig. 3, specifically, the included angle is an included angle between a tapered side wall at the bottom of the cold secondary air inlet 4 and the horizontal direction. The sealing area 9 does not circulate the smoke and the outside air, so as to ensure that the smoke and the air are not mixed, and is also called as a transition area.
The hot air spray gun 5 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 51 with different apertures facing the heat exchange element 8, the penetration depth of the spray pipes from inside to outside along the radial direction is sequentially increased, the nozzles with different apertures on the equal-diameter spray gun can be adopted to realize the sequentially increased spray depth along the radial direction, the same aperture on the sectional diameter-variable spray gun can be adopted to realize the sequentially increased spray depth along the radial direction, and the main pipe diameter-variable design is adopted in the embodiment. The distance between the nozzle 51 and the heat exchange element 8 is 150-250 mm. The hot air sprayed from the nozzle 51 of the hot air spray gun 5 has a certain angle gamma of 10-45 degrees, the angle gamma of 30 degrees in the embodiment, and at the moment, the high-speed hot air basically fills all the heat exchange elements 8 in the radial direction.
In the present embodiment, there may be 4 to 6 nozzles 51, see fig. 3, specifically, there may be 4 nozzles 51, and fig. 4 shows 6 nozzles, so that the penetration of the radially outer nozzle is sequentially higher than that of the radially inner nozzle. The radial direction is close to the central bearing of the air preheater and is the inner side, and the radial direction is far away from the central bearing of the air preheater and is the outer side. Due to the fact that the air preheaterGeneral outer side NH4HSO4The blockage degree is higher than that of the outer side, so the analysis experiment verifies that the hot air distribution and NH4HSO4The anti-blocking effect is best when the blocking degree is kept consistent.
Further, the air leakage rate of the air preheater is 5-8%. The air leakage rate in the range can not influence the powder feeding of the hot primary air, and the primary air fan has larger allowance at the moment to prevent NH of the air preheater by utilizing the backflow heating blowing of the hot primary air4HSO4And (4) blocking.
Furthermore, among the nozzles 51 with different diameters, the penetration depth of the nozzle 51 at the inner side in the radial direction is 600 to 700mm, and the penetration depth of the nozzle 51 at the outer side is 1200 to 1500 mm. The radial direction is close to the central bearing of the air preheater and is the inner side, and the radial direction is far away from the central bearing of the air preheater and is the outer side.
In the embodiment, the hot air speed of the nozzle 51 is 60m/s under the full-load full-open working condition, and 200mm can be reserved between the nozzle 51 and the heat exchange element 8.
In the present embodiment, the nozzle 51 is a laval nozzle 51, and the reduction nozzle 51 may be used in actual operation.
Specifically, the return pipe 12 is provided with a valve 13, and the opening degree can be adjusted or the valve 13 can be closed according to actual operation requirements.
In this embodiment, the different penetration capacities of the nozzles 51 for jetting the air flow are realized by the wood pipe reducing design, and the different penetration capacities of the inner side and the outer side of the spray gun can be realized by the nozzle 51 with a constant pipe diameter without fastening the caliber.
During normal operation, the pressure of the hot primary air outlet 1 of the air preheater is 8.0-9.0KPa, the outlet air temperature is 300-360 ℃, the pressure of the cold secondary air inlet 4 is 1.5-2.3KPa, and the inlet air temperature is 20 ℃.
By using differential pressure drainage at two ends, high-temperature high-speed jet flow is ejected from the nozzle 51 to flush the heat exchange elements 8, and after diffusion at a certain distance, high-speed hot air basically fills all the heat exchange elements 8 in the radial direction and NH deposited on the surfaces of the heat exchange elements4HSO4The liquid is heated under high-temperature jet flow at more than 200 ℃ to be gasified into NH4HSO4Gas, entering through the air preheater with high temperature airA downstream ash removal device solves NH4HSO4Ash blockage caused by condensation.
In actual operation, the opening degree of a valve 13, also called an anti-blocking opening degree, can be adjusted to adjust the self-circulation air quantity of hot air, when the pressure difference of an inlet and an outlet of the air preheater is increased and the increased pressure difference is more than 100Pa, the anti-blocking opening degree can be continuously increased by 5-10%, more hot air passes through a newly-added hot air pipeline, the temperature of a cold end is increased, and blocking is slowed down; when the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the air preheater is not increased within 1 month or the increased pressure difference is less than 100Pa, the anti-blocking door of the air preheater can be closed to a degree of 5 percent, the most appropriate opening degree of the air door is found, and the consumption of hot air is saved.
Further preferably, when the resistance of the air preheater is lower than 1.0KPa when the unit is fully loaded, experiments verify that the opening of the anti-blocking door of the air preheater is optimal to 30 percent of the opening; when the resistance of the air preheater is between 1.0KPa and 1.5KPa at full load, the experiment verifies that the anti-blocking air door of the air preheater is opened to 50 percent and the operation is optimal; when the resistance of the air preheater is larger than 1.5KPa under full load, the experiment verifies that the anti-blocking air door of the air preheater is opened to 80 percent and the operation is optimal.
The utility model can effectively reduce low-temperature corrosion, effectively relieve the blockage problem of the air preheater, and heat and sweep the cold end of the heat exchange element through the hot air spray gun arranged at the cold end of the heat exchange element to ensure that NH is introduced into the cold end of the heat exchange element4HSO4The gasification and volatilization reach the purpose of dredging the heat exchange element and preventing the blockage of the rotary air preheater.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (5)
1. The anti-blocking dust removal type air preheater comprises a rotatable rotor (7), wherein a heat exchange element (8) is arranged in the rotor (7), and is characterized in that a hot flue gas inlet (6) is formed in the top of the rotor (7), a hot air area is arranged above the heat exchange element (8), a cold air area is arranged below the heat exchange element, the hot air area is divided into a hot primary air area and a hot secondary air area through a partition plate, and the cold air area is divided into a cold primary air area and a cold secondary air area through a partition plate;
a cold primary air inlet (3) and a cold secondary air inlet (4) are correspondingly and respectively arranged below the hot primary air outlet (1) of the hot primary air area and the hot secondary air outlet (2) of the hot secondary air area;
a backflow pipeline (12) is communicated between a backflow port (11) on the hot primary air outlet (1) and the cold secondary air inlet (4), a hot air spray gun (5) is arranged at the tail end of the backflow pipeline (12), and the hot air spray gun (5) is positioned at the bottom of a heat exchange element (8) in the cold secondary air area;
the hot air spray gun (5) is used for heating and purging the heat exchange element (8) above the cold secondary air inlet (4) by using hot primary air conveyed by a return pipeline (12);
the hot air spray gun (5) is provided with a plurality of nozzles (51) with different calibers facing the heat exchange element (8), and the distance between each nozzle (51) and the heat exchange element (8) is 150-250 mm.
2. The air preheater of claim 1, wherein a closed air collecting bin (14) is arranged between the cold primary air inlet (3) and the cold secondary air inlet (4), and the hot air spray gun (5) is positioned in the air collecting bin (14) at the cold secondary air inlet (4).
3. Anti-clogging and dust-removal type air preheater according to claim 1, wherein a valve (13) is provided on said return duct (12).
4. The air preheater of claim 1, wherein the number of the nozzles (51) is 4 to 6.
5. An air preheater of the anti-clogging and dust-removing type as set forth in claim 1, wherein the angle of divergence of said nozzles (51) is 10 ° to 45 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122056337.2U CN215982659U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Prevent stifled dust type air heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122056337.2U CN215982659U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Prevent stifled dust type air heater |
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| CN215982659U true CN215982659U (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN202122056337.2U Active CN215982659U (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Prevent stifled dust type air heater |
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- 2021-08-27 CN CN202122056337.2U patent/CN215982659U/en active Active
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