CN215950229U

CN215950229U - Guide sleeve for buffer and elastic cement buffer

Info

Publication number: CN215950229U
Application number: CN202121481878.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗辉; 胡龙龙; 王引明; 杨文会
Original assignee: Baoji But Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Baoji But Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-01
Filing date: 2021-07-01
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-01

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide sleeve for a buffer and an elastic cement buffer, which comprise a guide sleeve body, wherein a first hardened layer is arranged on the inner surface of the guide sleeve body; a second hardened layer is arranged on the surface of the first hardened layer; the elastic cement buffer comprises a cylinder body, a flange plate, a piston rod, a first guide sleeve and a second guide sleeve, wherein the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve are matched with the piston rod and are used for righting and supporting the piston rod; a first end cover and a second end cover are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body to form an accommodating space, and elastic cement gum is filled in the accommodating space; according to the guide sleeve, the first hardened layer and the second hardened layer on the inner surface generate a high-wear-resistance surface layer, and the base body of the guide sleeve still keeps good strength and toughness; the piston rod is guaranteed to provide effective support for the piston rod through the guide sleeve in the process of linear motion, damage to the sealing ring due to unbalance loading in the motion process of the piston rod is avoided, leakage of elastic cement is caused, and the elastic cement buffer is prevented from losing efficacy.

Description

Guide sleeve for buffer and elastic cement buffer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of buffers, in particular to a guide sleeve for a buffer and an elastic cement buffer.

Background

The buffer is an important part in mechanical equipment, and can slow down rigid collision, delay the action time of impact load and absorb and convert the action energy of the impact load during the operation of the equipment. The elastic cement buffer is a high-performance buffer which is preferably used in the early 80 s of the 20 th century of the European railway combined system, overcomes the defects of poor damping performance and short service life of a hydraulic buffer, a spring buffer and a vulcanized rubber buffer due to the performance and the ideal service life of the damping buffer, and is favored.

The elastic daub buffer has the advantages of small volume, large capacity and simple structure because of the large hysteresis characteristic when the elastic daub is pulled and pressed to deform; the elastic daub buffer is mainly applied to the military industry, such as tanks and artillery armored vehicles; the method is widely used in the industries of industrial buildings, bridges and harbor machinery.

Among the current elasticity clay buffer, uide bushing structure and performance are single, be traditional copper uide bushing mostly, its defect is that the rigidity is not enough, receive external force yielding, however at the in-process of elasticity clay buffer operation because the influence of using the operating mode, the absolute case all not only receives length direction's straight line pressure, and can receive the comprehensive influence of vertical direction pulling force and pressure simultaneously, consequently aggravated the unbalance loading of piston rod when the motion, the shearing force of sealing washer when elasticity clay buffer operation has been increaseed, make the sealing washer inefficacy, lead to revealing of elasticity clay, thereby make the elasticity clay buffer inefficacy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages, it is an object of the present invention to provide a guide sleeve for a bumper and an elastic cement bumper.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a guide sleeve for a buffer comprises a guide sleeve body, wherein a first hardened layer is arranged on the inner surface of the guide sleeve body; and a second hardened layer is arranged on the surface of the first hardened layer.

The first hardened layer forms a cold-work hardened first hardened layer by forging the inner side surface of the guide sleeve body, and the surface of the first hardened layer forms a second hardened layer by rolling or extrusion processing; first sclerosis layer, second sclerosis layer to and uide bushing body are for forging integrative structure.

The hardness of the first hardened layer is 300-330HB, and the depth of the first hardened layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.

The hardness of the second hardened layer is 390-430HB, the layer depth of the second hardened layer is 0.5mm, and the surface finish of the second hardened layer is 0.2-0.4 Ra.

A first guide angle is arranged at one end of the outer wall of the guide sleeve body, and the chamfer specification of the first guide angle is 3 x 10 degrees to 3 x 15 degrees; the both ends of uide bushing body inner wall are provided with first circular arc angle of excessive degree, constitute the second uide bushing.

One end of the guide sleeve body is provided with a reaming rivet joint, and the outer diameter of the reaming rivet joint is larger than that of the guide sleeve body; the other end of the guide sleeve body is provided with a limiting table, and the outer diameter of the limiting table is larger than that of the guide sleeve body to form a first guide sleeve; and a second arc-shaped excessive angle is arranged at the joint of the inner wall of the reaming riveting head and the inner wall of the guide sleeve body, a second arc-shaped excessive angle is arranged at the port of the inner side of one end, far away from the reaming riveting head, of the guide sleeve body, a second guide angle is arranged at the port of the outer side of the reaming riveting head, and the chamfer specification of the second guide angle is 3 x 10-3 x 15 degrees.

The guide sleeve is a forged high-manganese steel guide sleeve.

An elastic cement buffer comprises a cylinder body, a flange plate, a piston rod, a first guide sleeve and a second guide sleeve, wherein the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve are used for righting and supporting the piston rod; a first end cover and a second end cover are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body to form an accommodating space, and elastic cement gum is filled in the accommodating space; one end of the piston rod is positioned in the accommodating space and matched with the first guide sleeve in the flange plate, the other end of the piston rod penetrates through a central hole of the second end cover to be contacted or connected with an external force connecting piece, and the piston rod is matched with the second guide sleeve in the mounting hole of the second end cover; the flange disc is radially arranged in an accommodating space in the cylinder body, and a first elastic daub area and a second elastic daub area are formed; and the flange plate is provided with an overflowing hole.

The piston rod is provided with a round platform matched with the inner wall of the barrel, the round platform is located in a second elastic daub area of the barrel, the inner diameter, close to one end of the second end cover, of the second elastic daub area is larger than the outer diameter of the round platform, an overflowing clearance channel for overflowing the elastic daub is formed, and the inner wall, close to one end of the flange plate, of the second elastic daub area is in clearance fit with the round platform.

A first sealing ring is installed in the second end cover, an installation groove is formed in the circumferential direction of one end, close to the second elastic daub area, of the second end cover, and a second sealing ring is installed in the installation groove; the first end cover is close to the one end circumference in the first elasticity clay region and is seted up by the mounting groove, install the second sealing washer in the mounting groove.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the utility model provides a guide sleeve, which generates a high-wear-resistance surface layer through a first hardened layer and a second hardened layer on the inner surface, and a guide sleeve matrix still keeps good toughness; thereby improving the wear resistance and rigidity of the guide sleeve, being not easy to deform and break and prolonging the service life of the guide sleeve; furthermore, the guide sleeve is a forged high-manganese steel guide sleeve, a material with high strength is selected as a base material of the guide sleeve, the base material needs to have a self-lubricating characteristic, a crystal grain structure on the inner surface of the base body is reformed through forging and pressing, so that the guide sleeve has stronger wear resistance, and as the forged high-manganese steel has a strong cold hardening phenomenon, the surface layer is rapidly hardened under the action of larger impact load or contact stress, the surface hardness of the guide sleeve is improved, the guide sleeve is not easy to deform, and the wear resistance and the rigidity are improved; and the hardness and the wear resistance of the inner surface of the guide sleeve are further strengthened through rolling or extrusion, the smoothness of the inner surface is improved, and the friction coefficient is reduced.

Through the arc over-angle on the guide sleeve, on one hand, the stress concentration of the guide sleeve under the action of the shaft is reduced, and the shock resistance and the service life of the guide sleeve are enhanced; on the other hand, the arc transition angle prevents the inner diameter and the end surface from forming a cutting edge angle to strain the guide shaft; thereby improving the shock resistance of the guide sleeve and reducing the damage of the guide sleeve to the piston rod.

The limiting table at one end of the guide sleeve is used for axially positioning the guide sleeve; the reaming rivet joint at the other end is used for fixing the guide sleeve on the mounting flange, so that the guide sleeve is prevented from axially moving under the action of external force, and the reliable mounting and the no-drop are ensured.

Meanwhile, the guide sleeve is conveyed in the elastic cement buffer to be matched with the piston rod, the guide sleeve plays a role in righting and supporting the piston rod, the inner side surfaces of the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve have the advantages of high wear resistance, excellent hardness, self lubrication and good finish and small friction coefficient, the guide sleeve is ensured to provide effective support for the piston rod in the process of linear motion of the piston rod, the elastic cement leakage caused by damage of a sealing ring due to unbalance loading of the piston rod in the process of linear motion is overcome, and the elastic cement buffer is prevented from losing efficacy; and the working performance of the elastic cement buffer is improved, the phenomena of blockage and even failure in the working process of the elastic cement buffer caused by insufficient lubricating performance of a piston rod and unbalance loading are overcome, the workpiece quality of the elastic cement buffer is improved, and the service life of the elastic cement buffer is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an elastic cement buffer according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural view of a guide sleeve according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram II of the guide sleeve in the utility model.

In the drawings, 1-the guide sleeve body; 2-a cylinder body; 3-a second sealing ring; 4-a flange plate; 5-a first guide sleeve; 6-a piston rod; 7-a first sealing ring; 8-a second guide sleeve; 9-a second end cap; 10-a containing space; 11-a first end cap; 1-1-a first guide angle; 1-2-a first arc angle of pass; 1-3-riveting a hole; 1-4-a limit table; 1-5-a second arc-shaped angle of intersection; 1-6-second guide angle; 6-1-round table.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.

The elastic cement buffer can slow down rigid collision during the operation of equipment, delay the action time of impact load, and absorb and convert the action energy of the impact load; the elastic daub has great hysteresis characteristic when being deformed by tension and pressure, overcomes the defects of a hydraulic buffer, a spring buffer and a vulcanized rubber buffer, has special damping buffer performance and ideal service life, and has the advantages of small volume, large capacity and simple structure; the composite material is mainly applied to the military industry, such as tanks, cannon armor equipment, and is also widely used in industrial buildings, bridges and harbor machinery industry.

The utility model relates to a guide sleeve for a buffer and an elastic cement buffer, and the specific embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 2, a guide sleeve for a buffer comprises a guide sleeve body 1, wherein a first hardened layer is arranged on the inner surface of the guide sleeve body 1; the surface of the first hardened layer is provided with a second hardened layer, namely the second hardened layer is used for further hardening treatment of the first hardened layer. Exemplarily, the guide sleeves in the utility model are all forged high-manganese steel guide sleeves; the material with high strength is selected as the base material of the guide sleeve, the base material needs to have the self-lubricating property, and the grain structure of the inner surface of the base body is reformed through forging so that the base material has stronger wear resistance; the hardness and the wear resistance of the inner surface of the guide sleeve are further strengthened through rolling or extrusion, meanwhile, the smoothness of the inner surface is improved, and the friction coefficient is reduced.

Because the forged high-manganese steel has a strong cold hardening phenomenon, the surface layer is rapidly hardened under the action of larger impact load or contact stress, so that a high-wear-resistant surface layer is generated, and the inner layer still maintains good toughness.

Further, the first hardened layer forms a cold-work hardened first hardened layer by forging the inner surface of the guide sleeve body 1, and a second hardened layer is formed on the surface of the first hardened layer inside the guide sleeve body 1 by rolling or extrusion; first sclerosis layer, second sclerosis layer to and uide bushing body 1 is for forging integrative structure, first sclerosis layer and second sclerosis layer fuse mutually, make the inner wall formation of uide bushing have the sclerosis layer of sclerosis gradient.

Preferably, the hardness of the first hardened layer is 300-330HB, and the depth of the first hardened layer is 0.8-1.2.

Preferably, the hardness of the second hardened layer is 390-430HB, the layer depth of the second hardened layer is 0.5mm, and the surface finish of the second hardened layer is 0.2-0.4 Ra.

Based on the above embodiment, one end of the outer wall of the guide sleeve body 1 is provided with a first guide angle 1-1, and the chamfer specification of the first guide angle 1-1 is 3 x 10 degrees to 3 x 15 degrees, so that the installation is convenient; two ends of the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 1 are provided with first arc-shaped overangles 1-2; the above embodiments may all constitute the second guide sleeve 8 in the present invention; on one hand, the stress concentration of the guide sleeve under the action of the shaft is reduced, and the shock resistance and the service life of the guide sleeve are enhanced; on the other hand the firstArc over angle 2Prevent the inner diameter and the end surface from forming a cutting edge angle and pulling the guide shaft.

Based on the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, one end of the guide sleeve body 1 is provided withReaming rivetingHead 1-3, saidThe outer diameter of the reaming rivet joint 1-3 is larger than that of the guide sleeve body 1, and the reaming rivet joint is used for fixing the guide sleeve on the mounting flange 5 and preventing the guide sleeve from axially moving under the action of external force; the other end of the guide sleeve body 1 is provided with a limiting table 1-4, and the outer diameter of the limiting table 1-4 is larger than that of the guide sleeve body 1 and is used for axially positioning the guide sleeve; this embodiment prevents that uide bushing axial cluster from moving and droing through setting up spacing platform and reaming riveting head. A second arc excess angle 1-5 is arranged at the joint of the inner wall of the reaming riveting head 1-3 and the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 1, a second arc excess angle 1-5 is arranged at the port of the inner side of the guide sleeve body 1 far away from one end of the reaming riveting head 1-3, a second guide angle 1-6 is arranged at the port of the outer side of the reaming riveting head 1-3, and the chamfer specification of the second guide angle 1-6 is 3 x 10-3 x 15 degrees. The above embodiment constitutes the first guide sleeve 5 in the present invention.

Based on a plurality of embodiments of the guide sleeve, as shown in fig. 1, the utility model further provides an elastic cement buffer, which comprises a cylinder body 2, a flange plate 4, a piston rod 6, a first guide sleeve 5 and a second guide sleeve 8, wherein the first guide sleeve 5 and the second guide sleeve are matched with the piston rod 6 and used for righting and supporting the piston rod 6; a first end cover 11 and a second end cover 9 are mounted at two ends of the cylinder 2 to form an accommodating space 10, and elastic cement gum is filled in the accommodating space 10; preferably, the first guide sleeve 5 and the second guide sleeve 8 are in clearance fit with the piston rod 6; in order to improve the lubrication condition between the first guide sleeve 5, the second guide sleeve 8 and the piston rod 6, the first guide sleeve 5 and the second guide sleeve 8 adopt a linear bearing structure, so that the sliding friction of the piston rod 6 matched with the first guide sleeve 5 and the second guide sleeve 8 is greatly reduced.

The piston rod 6 is arranged in the cylinder 2, and does work on the elastic daub through reciprocating linear motion; one end of the piston rod 6 is positioned in the accommodating space 10 and can move linearly in the axial direction and is matched with the first guide sleeve 5 in the flange plate 4, and the other end of the piston rod 6 penetrates through the mounting hole of the second end cover 9 to be in contact with external force or is connected with an external force connecting piece; the piston rod 6 is fitted with a second guide sleeve 8 in a mounting hole of a second end cap 9.

Preferably, the second guide sleeve 8 is fixedly installed in the installation hole of the second end cap 9.

Preferably, the first guide sleeve 5 is fixedly installed in a central hole of the flange plate 4.

Further, the flange plate 4 is radially arranged in the accommodating space 10 in the cylinder 2, and forms a first elastic daub area and a second elastic daub area; the flange plate 4 is provided with an overflowing hole for overflowing the elastic daub; when the piston rod 6 moves leftwards and acts on the elastic daub, the elastic daub enters the second elastic daub area from the first elastic daub area through the overflowing hole in the flange plate 4 and stores energy, when the piston rod 6 moves rightwards, the piston rod 6 acts on the elastic daub in the second elastic daub area, the elastic daub overflows from the second elastic daub area and enters the first elastic daub area, and the elastic daub is pulled and has great hysteresis characteristics when being deformed by pressure, so that the action time of delaying the impact load is realized, and the action energy of the impact load is absorbed and converted.

Preferably, the piston rod 6 is provided with a circular truncated cone 6-1 matched with the inner wall of the cylinder 2 to play a role in throttling and damping, and the circular truncated cone 6-1 is positioned in a second elastic daub area of the cylinder 2 and applies work to the elastic daub along with the linear motion of the piston rod 6; specifically, the inner diameter of one end, close to the second end cover 9, of the second elastic daub area is larger than the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone 6-1, so that an overflowing clearance channel for overflowing the elastic daub is formed, and the elastic daub can conveniently overflow when the circular truncated cone 6-1 reciprocates along with the piston rod 6; the inner wall of one end, close to the flange plate 4, of the second elastic daub area is in clearance fit with the circular truncated cone 6-1.

Preferably, the inner side of the first end cover 11 is provided with a cavity structure and communicated with the first elastic cement area in the cylinder 2, so that the capacity space of the elastic cement is increased, and the buffering and damping effects of the elastic cement buffer are improved. Furthermore, the first end cover 11 is provided with a mounting groove in the circumferential direction close to the end of the first elastic daub area, and a second sealing ring 3 is mounted in the mounting groove.

In the utility model, the first sealing ring 7 is arranged in the second end cover 9, and the first sealing ring 7 can prevent the elastic cement from leaking from a gap between the second guide sleeve 8 and the piston rod 6 when the second guide sleeve and the piston rod move relatively. Furthermore, the second end cover 9 is provided with a mounting groove in the circumferential direction close to the end of the second elastic daub area, and a second sealing ring 3 is mounted in the mounting groove.

The working process and working principle of the embodiment are as follows: in the utility model, when the piston rod 6 moves leftwards (inwards) under the condition of external pressure, the elastic daub in the cylinder 2 is compressed, the elastic daub is compressed and deformed to be reduced, meanwhile, the elastic daub flows to one side of the second elastic daub area close to the second end cover 9 along a gap channel between the cylinder 2 and the circular truncated cone 6-1, and the elastic daub absorbs the external pressure in the process and stores energy; the first guide sleeve 5 and the second guide sleeve 8 ensure that the piston rod 6 does linear motion in the motion process, so that the defect that the sealing ring is damaged to cause leakage of elastic cement in the motion process of the piston rod due to unbalance loading is overcome, and the elastic cement buffer is prevented from losing efficacy.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the utility model, and thus, modifications and variations may be made in the utility model by those skilled in the art, which will embody the principles of the utility model and achieve the objects and objectives of the utility model while remaining within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The guide sleeve for the buffer is characterized by comprising a guide sleeve body (1), wherein a first hardened layer is arranged on the inner surface of the guide sleeve body (1); and a second hardened layer is arranged on the surface of the first hardened layer.

2. The guide sleeve for a buffer according to claim 1, wherein the first hardened layer is formed as a cold-hardened first hardened layer by forging the inner surface of the guide sleeve body (1), and the surface of the first hardened layer is formed as a second hardened layer by a rolling or extrusion process; the first hardening layer, the second hardening layer and the guide sleeve body (1) are of a forging integrated structure.

3. The guide sleeve for a buffer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hardness of the first hardened layer is 300-330HB, and the depth of the first hardened layer is 0.8-1.2 mm.

4. The guide sleeve for a buffer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hardness of the second hardened layer is 390-430HB, the depth of the second hardened layer is 0.5mm, and the surface finish of the second hardened layer is 0.2-0.4 Ra.

5. The guide sleeve for the buffer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one end of the outer wall of the guide sleeve body (1) is provided with a first guide angle (1-1), the chamfer specification of the first guide angle (1-1) is 3 x 10 degrees to 3 x 15 degrees, and both ends of the inner wall of the guide sleeve body (1) are provided with a first arc-shaped excessive angle (1-2) to form a second guide sleeve (8).

6. The guide sleeve for the buffer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one end of the guide sleeve body (1) is provided with a reaming riveting head (1-3), and the outer diameter of the reaming riveting head (1-3) is larger than that of the guide sleeve body (1); the other end of the guide sleeve body (1) is provided with a limiting table (1-4), and the outer diameter of the limiting table (1-4) is larger than that of the guide sleeve body (1) to form a first guide sleeve (5); and a second arc excess angle (1-5) is arranged at the joint of the inner wall of the reaming riveting head (1-3) and the inner wall of the guide sleeve body (1), a second arc excess angle (1-5) is arranged at the port of the inner side of one end, far away from the reaming riveting head (1-3), of the guide sleeve body (1), a second guide angle (1-6) is arranged at the port of the outer side of the reaming riveting head (1-3), and the chamfer specification of the second guide angle (1-6) is 3-10 degrees to 3-15 degrees.

7. The guide sleeve for a snubber of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the guide sleeve is a forged high-manganese steel guide sleeve.

8. An elastic cement buffer, according to any of the guide sleeves of claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder (2), a flange (4), a piston rod (6), and a first guide sleeve (5) and a second guide sleeve (8) for centering and supporting the piston rod (6); a first end cover (11) and a second end cover (9) are mounted at two ends of the cylinder body (2) to form an accommodating space (10), and elastic cement gum is filled in the accommodating space (10); one end of the piston rod (6) is positioned in the accommodating space (10) and is matched with the first guide sleeve (5) in the flange plate (4), the other end of the piston rod (6) penetrates through a center hole of the second end cover (9) to be contacted or connected with an external force connecting piece, and the piston rod (6) is matched with the second guide sleeve (8) in the mounting hole of the second end cover (9); the flange plate (4) is radially arranged in an accommodating space (10) in the cylinder body (2) and forms a first elastic daub area and a second elastic daub area; and the flange plate (4) is provided with an overflowing hole.

9. The elastic cement buffer according to claim 8, wherein the piston rod (6) is provided with a circular truncated cone (6-1) which is matched with the inner wall of the cylinder (2), the circular truncated cone (6-1) is located in a second elastic cement area of the cylinder (2), the inner diameter of one end, close to the second end cover (9), of the second elastic cement area is larger than the outer diameter of the circular truncated cone (6-1), an overflowing clearance channel for overflowing of the elastic cement is formed, and the inner wall, close to one end of the flange plate (4), of the second elastic cement area is in clearance fit with the circular truncated cone (6-1).

10. The elastic cement buffer according to claim 8, wherein a first sealing ring (7) is installed in the second end cover (9), an installation groove is formed in the circumferential direction of one end, close to the second elastic cement area, of the second end cover (9), and a second sealing ring (3) is installed in the installation groove; the first end cover (11) is close to the one end circumference in the first elasticity clay region and is seted up by the mounting groove, install second sealing washer (3) in the mounting groove.