CN215937322U - Visual inspection equipment - Google Patents
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- CN215937322U CN215937322U CN202120924500.XU CN202120924500U CN215937322U CN 215937322 U CN215937322 U CN 215937322U CN 202120924500 U CN202120924500 U CN 202120924500U CN 215937322 U CN215937322 U CN 215937322U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a visual detection device which is characterized by comprising a device main body, wherein two near-infrared cameras and two near-infrared lamps are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the device main body, and each side is provided with one near-infrared camera and one near-infrared lamp; the device main body is also provided with a visible light lamp capable of emitting visible light; the relative positions of the two near-infrared cameras, the two near-infrared lamps and the visible light lamp are fixed. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the inspection process is quick and convenient, is not only suitable for adults, but also suitable for children and infants, and the equipment can be portable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a visual inspection device for inspecting strabismus amblyopia, belonging to the field of ophthalmic medical instruments.
Background
Strabismus and amblyopia are common clinical eye diseases, and occur frequently in childhood. If a diagnosis can be made at a later age in time, good therapeutic results are generally achieved by active treatment. If the vision development is basically completed after the patient is older, and if strabismus and amblyopia are discovered at the moment, the patient is difficult to cure.
How to conveniently and effectively perform the strabismus amblyopia examination, particularly the strabismus amblyopia examination of children, is a difficult problem at present.
The main current methods for strabismus examination are: (1) a covering method comprises the following steps: enabling the patient to watch the sighting marks, enabling the doctor to cover one eye of the examined person by using the eye covering plate, and observing whether eyeballs of the opposite eyes move or not; then the eye covering plate is removed, and whether the eyeballs covered by the eyes move or not after the eye covering plate is removed is observed. Or covering one eye with an eye shading plate, then rapidly moving to the other eye, repeating for many times, and observing whether the eyeballs move; (2) corneal reflection method: let the examinee point of fixation light source, the doctor judges whether squint according to the position that the examinee's eye cornea reflection point deviates from the pupil center.
For adults or older children, amblyopia may be examined through the eye chart. For young children or infants, the main methods of amblyopia examination are: (1) eye-head following movement: the ability to observe the infant's vision fixation and following the target; (2) aversion to light reflex: judging whether the infants of the old month have amblyopia or different binocular vision; (3) visual nystagmus: the test drum with rotatable black and white grating stripes with different widths rotates forwards and backwards repeatedly in front of eyes of the infant to generate visual nystagmus; (4) selective viewing inspection method: by utilizing the principle that the infants are more interested in black and white stripe patterns than uniform gray patterns, the two patterns are displayed at the same time to be watched by the infants, and the width of the stripe is changed until the infants do not want to continue to observe; (5) examination method of children visual chart: the children are designed according to the size of a visual angle by using familiar and favorite figures of the children; (6) visual evoked potential test method: attaching electrodes to the heads of infants, repeatedly transferring the infants to watch by using a grid or bar graph, and obtaining the visual evoked potential waveform of brain waves after superposition averaging for hundreds of times.
The conventional examination method generally has the problems that the examination time is long, the examination process is complex, the subjective experience of doctors is relied on, and the young children are often not easy to cooperate to complete effective examination.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this practicality will be solved is: the existing strabismus and amblyopia examination lacks rapid and effective examination equipment, so that the problems of long examination time, complex examination process and dependence on the subjective experience of doctors commonly exist in the conventional examination method, and young children are often not easy to cooperate to complete effective examination.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model provides visual detection equipment which is characterized by comprising an equipment main body, wherein two near-infrared cameras and two near-infrared lamps are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body, and each side is provided with one near-infrared camera and one near-infrared lamp;
the device main body is also provided with a visible light lamp capable of emitting visible light;
the relative positions of the two near-infrared cameras, the two near-infrared lamps and the visible light lamp are fixed;
a control unit is arranged in the equipment main body, and the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are all connected with the control unit; or the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are connected with an external control module through a transmission unit arranged on the equipment main body; or a control unit is arranged in the equipment main body, the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are all connected with the control unit, and the control unit is in data connection with an external remote control module through a data transmission unit.
Preferably, the visible light lamp is a visible light lamp capable of emitting white light.
Preferably, there are three visible light lamps, which are respectively a visible light lamp capable of emitting white light and a visible light lamp capable of emitting light with a wavelength of λ1Visible light lamp of visible light and capable of emitting light with wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2And the three visible light lamps are closely arranged.
Preferably, the equipment main body is of a strip structure, and the visible light lamp is located in the middle of the equipment main body.
Preferably, the equipment main body is of a bilateral symmetry structure, and the visible light lamp is located on the bilateral symmetry line of the equipment main body.
Preferably, the visual inspection device further comprises a visible light camera for taking pictures of two eyes, wherein the visible light camera is arranged on the device body and is close to the visible light lamp capable of emitting white light;
the visible light camera is connected with the control unit or is connected with an external control module through a transmission unit arranged on the equipment main body.
Preferably, the equipment main body is of a strip structure, at least two visible light lamps are arranged, and all the visible light lamps are located at different positions of the equipment main body.
Preferably, there are at least two of said visible-light lamps, all said visible-light lamps being located at different positions on the same plane of the device.
Preferably, there are 3 Xn of said visible light lamps, n ≧ 1; the 3 x n visible light lamps are positioned at n positions on the same plane of the equipment main body, three visible light lamps are arranged at each position, the three visible light lamps at each position are closely arranged, one visible light lamp capable of emitting white light and the other visible light lamp capable of emitting light with the wavelength of lambda1The visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2。
Preferably, there are 2 Xn of said visible light lamps, n ≧ 1; 2 xn visible light lamps are arranged at n positions on the same plane of the main body, two visible light lamps are arranged at each position, and the two visible light lamps at each position are closely arranged, wherein one visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda1The visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2。
Preferably, the visual inspection apparatus further comprises a pair of spectacles including two filters to be worn by the subject, including a pair of spectacles which are transparent to light of wavelength λ1The left filter of visible light and near infrared light and the filter capable of transmitting light with the wavelength of lambda2The right filter for visible light and near infrared light.
Preferably, the visual inspection equipment further comprises a filter which is permeable to near infrared rays and not permeable to visible light, and the filter covers the two near infrared cameras and the surfaces of the two near infrared lamps.
Preferably, the transmission unit is connected to a USB interface provided on the device body, and the USB interface is connected to the external control module.
Preferably, the control unit adopts an embedded computing module, the data transmission unit adopts a wireless data transmission module, and the embedded computing module and the wireless data transmission module are powered by a battery.
Preferably, a handle for facilitating handheld operation is provided on the apparatus main body.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the inspection process is quick and convenient, is not only suitable for adults, but also suitable for children and infants, and the equipment can be portable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a visual inspection apparatus comprising a single visible light lamp;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a visual inspection apparatus including a visible light camera;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a visual inspection apparatus comprising three visible light lamps;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual inspection apparatus including 27 visible light lamps.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a visual inspection apparatus including an apparatus main body; the two near-infrared cameras, namely a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2, are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; the two near-infrared lamps are LED lamps capable of emitting 940nm wavelength near-infrared light, namely a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2, and are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; the device comprises an LED lamp which can emit white visible light and is called as a visible light lamp 4, wherein the visible light lamp 4 of the embodiment is positioned on the center point of the device body. The main body of the equipment comprises a strip-shaped casing 1, the length of the casing is 20cm, a visible light lamp 4, a left near-infrared camera 2-1, a right near-infrared camera 2-2, a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2 are all fixed in the strip-shaped casing 1, and the relative positions of the lamps are known.
A USB transmission unit is arranged in the strip-shaped casing 1, and a USB interface is arranged on the strip-shaped casing 1. The visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2 are connected with the USB interface through the USB transmission unit, and the USB interface is connected with the computer. The computer acquires the image data collected by the left near-infrared camera 2-1 and the right near-infrared camera 2-2 through the USB interface, and further displays, analyzes and stores the image data. Meanwhile, the computer controls the visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2 through the USB interface. The visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2 are powered by the USB at the same time, and the images and data of the equipment are transmitted to the computer through the USB.
The various visual detection devices provided by the utility model can also be wireless devices, and at the moment, an embedded computing module is arranged in the strip-shaped casing 1, and the embedded computing module is connected with the visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2. The visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2 are connected. The embedded computing module is also connected with the wireless data transmission module. The embedded computing module acquires image data through the left near-infrared camera 2-1 and the right near-infrared camera 2-2 and then uploads the image data to related remote equipment through the wireless data transmission module. Meanwhile, the embedded computing module is also used for controlling the visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2. The strip-shaped casing 1 is also internally provided with a battery for supplying power to the visible light lamp 4, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1, the right near-infrared lamp 3-2, the embedded computing module and the wireless data transmission module.
The device disclosed in this embodiment is a wireless device and is also equipped with a handle, which is held by a doctor for operation.
For example, the specific steps for detecting strabismus using the present device are:
a child examinee holds the device by a doctor, presses a power switch of a battery to enable the visible light lamp 4 to be bright and then is placed in front of the examinee. If the subject is inattentive due to being young, the visible light lamp 4 may be made to flash to attract his attention.
And (II) a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2 in the equipment emit near-infrared light at the same time, and a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2 can shoot the eyes of the examinee at the same time. The positions of pupils of two eyes can be identified by utilizing the characteristic that the gray level of the pupils is obviously lower than the gray level of the irises and the surrounding skin during near-infrared light shooting. The cornea reflecting point positions of the two near-infrared lamps can be identified by utilizing the characteristic that the brightness of the reflecting points of the two near-infrared lamps on the cornea is obviously higher than that of the peripheral area. According to the three-dimensional space ranging principle of the binocular camera, the equipment can measure the distance between the eyes of the examinee and the equipment in real time. In this example, the doctor sets the distance between the device and the eye to 33 cm.
And (III) a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2 in the equipment monitor the pupil center of the eye and the positions of a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2 at the cornea reflecting point in real time, and if the relative positions of the pupil center and the cornea reflecting point move, the change of the sight line of the examinee can be judged. The doctor firstly enables the eyes of the examinee to watch the visible light lamp 4, then uses an eye shielding plate which is opaque to visible light and transparent to near infrared light to alternatively shield the left eye and the right eye of the examinee, and in the process, if the eyes of the examinee do not move all the time, the doctor judges that no strabismus exists. If the eyes of the examinee move at the same time, the fact that the strabismus is present is judged; if the subject has a moving line of sight of one eye and the other eye has no moving line of sight, determining that the subject has heterophoria.
In addition, the device may also include a visible light camera 5 located in close proximity to the visible light lamp 4. In this embodiment, the visible light camera 5 is located right below the visible light lamp 4, as shown in fig. 2. When the device shown in fig. 2 is used for strabismus examination, when the examinee watches the visible light lamps 4 with both eyes, the visible light camera 5 can be used for taking pictures of both eyes synchronously and storing the pictures. The picture is equivalent to the traditional cornea mapping method for taking a picture and can be used as a reference for diagnosis by a doctor. The equipment also comprises an optical filter which can transmit near infrared rays and can not transmit visible light, and the optical filter is used as a panel to cover the surfaces of the two near infrared cameras and the two near infrared lamps, so that the near infrared rays can be shot by transmitting the panel. And because the visual light is not transmitted, the naked eye looks black and opaque, so that the examinee cannot see the internal structure of the equipment and the attention of the examinee is not dispersed.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the visual inspection apparatus disclosed in the present embodiment includes: an apparatus main body; the two near-infrared cameras, namely a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2, are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; the two near-infrared lamps are LED lamps capable of emitting 940nm wavelength near-infrared light, namely a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2, and are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; comprises 3 LED lamps capable of emitting visible light, named as visible light lamp 6, wherein one of the LED lamps can emit light with wavelength of lambda1A green light emitting at a wavelength λ2One can emit white light containing lambda1Wavelength and lambda2A wavelength; three visible light lamps 6 are all located on the device centerline. The three visible light lamps 6, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-1 are all fixed in the machine shell 1 of the equipment main body, and the relative positions are known.
The visual inspection apparatus disclosed in this embodiment further comprises a pair of glasses containing two filters to be worn by the subject, wherein the left filter can transmit light with a wavelength λ1The green light and the near infrared light with the wavelength of 940nm, and the right filter can transmit the light with the wavelength of lambda2Red light and near red light with wavelength of 940nmAnd (4) external light.
For example, the specific steps for performing the strabismus examination by the equipment are as follows:
the doctor wears the glasses with the red and green filters and always watches the visible light lamp 6 in the middle of the equipment. First, the white light on the device is on, and other lights are off, and at the moment, the white light can be seen by both eyes of the examinee.
And (II) then the white light is turned off, the green light is turned on, and at the moment, the examinee can only see the green light by the left eye and can not see the green light by the right eye.
And thirdly, the green light is turned off, the red light is turned on, at the moment, the red light can be seen by the right eye of the examinee, and the red light can not be seen by the left eye.
And (IV) monitoring the sight of the eyes of the examinee in real time by a left near infrared camera 2-1 and a right near infrared camera 2-2 in the equipment. If the eyes of the examinee do not move all the time in the switching process of sequentially lighting the white light, the green light and the red light in the front, judging that no strabismus exists; if the eyes of the examinee move at the same time, the fact that the strabismus is present is judged; if the subject has a moving line of sight of one eye and the other eye has no moving line of sight, determining that the subject has heterophoria.
In addition, the embodiment can also comprise a visible light camera which is positioned at a position close to the visible light lamp. When the equipment is used for strabismus examination, when the eyes of the examinee watch the visible light lamp, the eyes can be synchronously photographed by the visible light camera, and the picture is stored. The picture is equivalent to the traditional cornea mapping method for taking a picture and can be used as a reference for diagnosis by a doctor.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 4, the visual inspection apparatus disclosed in this embodiment includes: an apparatus main body; the two near-infrared cameras, namely a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2, are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; the infrared lamp is characterized by also comprising two near-infrared lamps which can emit near-infrared light, namely a left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and a right near-infrared lamp 3-2 which are symmetrically distributed at the left side and the right side of the equipment main body; the 27 LED lamps capable of emitting visible light are called as visible light lamps 7 and distributed at 9 positions on the same plane, each position is provided with a group of lamps, each group of lamps comprises 3 LED lamps which are closely arranged, one of the LED lamps can emit green light, the other can emit red light, the other can emit white light, and the brightness of the lamps can be adjusted. The 27 visible light lamps 7, the left near-infrared camera 2-1, the right near-infrared camera 2-2, the left near-infrared lamp 3-1 and the right near-infrared lamp 3-2 are all fixed in the equipment main body, and the relative positions are known.
The apparatus disclosed in this embodiment further comprises a pair of glasses containing two filters for the subject to wear, wherein the left filter can transmit green light and near infrared light, and the right filter can transmit red light and near infrared light.
When the white light on the device is on, the examinee can see both eyes; when the green light is on, only the left eye can see; when the red light is on, only the right eye can see it.
For example, the specific steps of the device for detecting amblyopia are as follows:
the device controls the lamps at different positions to be lightened, only one visible light lamp 7 emits light at any time, and the device controls the sequence and time of the light emission of the visible light lamps 7, wherein the sequence of the light emission is not easy to predict for the examinee. The doctor wears the glasses with the red and green filters and always watches the bright lamp. If the subject cannot see any lights on, an oral report is made to the doctor, or the device automatically determines whether the line of sight can accurately track the location of the lights on.
(II) setting the luminous brightness to be L0Then let the white light at 9 positions randomly, then let the green light at 9 positions randomly, and then let the red light at 9 positions randomly. In the process, a left near-infrared camera 2-1 and a right near-infrared camera 2-2 in the equipment are used for recording whether the left eye sight of the examinee can accurately track the position where the green light is on, whether the right eye sight can accurately track the position where the red light is on and whether the two eye sights can accurately track the position where the white light is on.
(III) gradually reducing the brightness of the emitted light, and recording the minimum brightness L of the left eye sight line which can accurately track the green light1The right eye sight can accurately track the lowest brightness L of the red light2The two-eye sight can accurately track the minimum brightness L of the white light3. If L is1If the brightness is obviously higher than the lower limit of the brightness which can be seen by normal vision, judging the binocular amblyopia; if L is2If the brightness is obviously higher than the lower limit of the brightness which can be seen by normal vision, judging the amblyopia of the left eye; if L is3If the brightness is obviously higher than the lower limit of the brightness which can be seen by normal vision, judging that the right eye is amblyopia.
In addition, in other embodiments, the number of the visible light lamps 7 may also be 18, and the visible light lamps are distributed at 9 positions of the same plane, and each group of the lamps has two lamps, namely green lamps and red lamps, so that the left-eye amblyopia and the right-eye amblyopia can be respectively checked, and the binocular amblyopia is not checked. The device can also be a strip, where 3 visible light lamps (white, green, red) or 2 visible light lamps (green, red) are closely arranged at each of n different positions of the strip device, and amblyopia examination is performed in a similar manner to the above steps.
Claims (15)
1. A visual detection device is characterized by comprising a device main body, wherein two near-infrared cameras and two near-infrared lamps are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the device main body, and each side is provided with one near-infrared camera and one near-infrared lamp;
the device main body is also provided with a visible light lamp capable of emitting visible light;
the relative positions of the two near-infrared cameras, the two near-infrared lamps and the visible light lamp are fixed;
a control unit is arranged in the equipment main body, and the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are all connected with the control unit; or the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are connected with an external control module through a transmission unit arranged on the equipment main body; or a control unit is arranged in the equipment main body, the near-infrared camera, the near-infrared lamp and the visible light lamp are all connected with the control unit, and the control unit is in data connection with an external remote control module through a data transmission unit.
2. The visual inspection device of claim 1, wherein the visible light lamp is a visible light lamp capable of emitting white light.
3. The visual inspection device of claim 1, wherein there are three visible light lamps, each of which is a visible light lamp capable of emitting white light and a visible light lamp capable of emitting light with a wavelength λ1Visible light lamp of visible light and capable of emitting light with wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2And the three visible light lamps are closely arranged.
4. The visual inspection device of claim 2 or 3, wherein the device body is a strip-shaped structure, and the visible light lamp is located in the middle of the device body.
5. The visual inspection apparatus of claim 2 or 3, wherein the apparatus body has a bilateral symmetry structure, and the visible light lamp is located on a bilateral symmetry line of the apparatus body.
6. The visual inspection device of any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a visible light camera for taking pictures of both eyes, said visible light camera being disposed on said device body and in close proximity to said visible light lamp capable of emitting white light;
the visible light camera is connected with the control unit or is connected with an external control module through a transmission unit arranged on the equipment main body.
7. The visual inspection device of claim 1, wherein the device body is a strip-shaped structure having at least two of the visible light lamps, all of the visible light lamps being located at different positions of the device body.
8. The visual inspection device of claim 1, wherein there are at least two of the visible-light lamps, all of which are located at different positions on the same plane of the device.
9. The visual inspection device of claim 7 or 8, wherein there are 3 x n of said visible light lamps, n ≧ 1; the 3 x n visible light lamps are positioned at n positions on the same plane of the equipment main body, three visible light lamps are arranged at each position, the three visible light lamps at each position are closely arranged, one visible light lamp capable of emitting white light and the other visible light lamp capable of emitting light with the wavelength of lambda1The visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2。
10. The visual inspection device of claim 7 or 8, wherein there are 2 x n of said visible light lamps, n ≧ 1; 2 xn visible light lamps are arranged at n positions on the same plane of the main body, two visible light lamps are arranged at each position, and the two visible light lamps at each position are closely arranged, wherein one visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda1The visible light lamp can emit light with a wavelength of lambda2Of a visible light lamp of, and1is not equal to lambda2。
11. A visual inspection apparatus according to claim 3, 9 or 10, further comprising a pair of spectacles comprising two filters to be worn by the subject, including a filter which is transparent to light of wavelength λ1The left filter of visible light and near infrared light and the filter capable of transmitting light with the wavelength of lambda2The right filter for visible light and near infrared light.
12. The visual inspection device of any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a near-infrared-transmissive and visible-opaque filter covering both of the near-infrared cameras and both of the near-infrared lamp surfaces.
13. The visual inspection device of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the transmission unit is connected to a USB interface provided on the device body, the USB interface being connected to the external control module.
14. The visual inspection device of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the control unit is an embedded computing module, the data transmission unit is a wireless data transmission module, and the embedded computing module and the wireless data transmission module are powered by a battery.
15. The visual inspection apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a handle is provided on the apparatus body to facilitate handheld operation.
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