CN215925459U

CN215925459U - Single-sleeper tamping unit, double-sleeper tamping device and multi-sleeper tamping device

Info

Publication number: CN215925459U
Application number: CN202121863368.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于晓伟; 王磊; 李春龙; 李居瑞; 向康
Original assignee: CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd; Changzhou CRRC Ruitai Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd; Changzhou CRRC Ruitai Equipment Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-10
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2022-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a single-sleeper tamping unit, a double-sleeper tamping device and a multi-sleeper tamping device, belonging to the field of rail transit, wherein the single-sleeper tamping unit comprises a box body, an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod, a rocker, two clamping oil cylinders and two clamping pick arms; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the eccentric section of the eccentric shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting part of the rocker; the second connecting part of the rocker is hinged with the box body to form a third hinged point; two preset positions of the rocker are respectively hinged with one ends of the two clamping oil cylinders, the other ends of the two clamping oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the two clamping pick arms, and the two clamping pick arms are further respectively hinged with the box body. One of the clamping oil cylinders and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the left side of the rocker, and the other clamping oil cylinder and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the right side of the rocker. The single-pillow tamping unit, the double-pillow tamping device and the multi-pillow tamping device adopting the single-pillow tamping unit have the characteristics of reasonable structural arrangement and high space utilization rate.

Description

Single-sleeper tamping unit, double-sleeper tamping device and multi-sleeper tamping device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of rail transit, in particular to a single-sleeper tamping unit, a double-sleeper tamping device and a multi-sleeper tamping device.

Background

Tamping equipment is key equipment used for tamping operation in the railway maintenance process in the field of rail transit.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic mechanical diagram of a related art single-sleeper tamping unit. As can be seen from the figure, the structure takes the eccentric shaft as a crank, the clamping oil cylinder as a connecting rod and the pick arm (containing the tamping pick) as a rocker, and the whole-circle rotation of the eccentric shaft is converted into the swinging vibration of the pick arm. In this configuration, the tail of the clamping cylinder is directly hinged to the eccentric shaft, and the following problems are found in use: the tail part of the oil cylinder is hinged with the eccentric section of the eccentric shaft and rotates along with the eccentric shaft in a circular motion in a whole circle, so that a motion component in the vertical direction exists. When the eccentric shaft operates at a high rotation speed, the cylinder part generates a large vibration load in the radial direction (i.e. perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod) at the guide part of the piston rod due to the inertia of the cylinder part. The radial vibration load is not beneficial to the normal work of the oil cylinder, the piston rod is easy to be pulled to cause oil leakage of the oil cylinder, the normal service life of the oil cylinder is shortened, the maintenance cost is increased, the construction progress of railway maintenance is greatly influenced, and the problem of inertia quality in the railway industry is solved.

Aiming at the problem, part of the tamping devices adopt a mode of additionally arranging an intermediate transmission structure between the eccentric shaft and the clamping oil cylinder, so that the eccentric shaft and the clamping oil cylinder are not directly connected, the stress state of the clamping oil cylinder during working is optimized, and the oil leakage probability of the clamping oil cylinder is reduced. However, such solutions also cause problems of unreasonable structural arrangement, low space utilization, etc.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The object of the present invention includes, for example, providing a single-sleeper tamping unit, a double-sleeper tamping unit and a multi-sleeper tamping unit, which are capable of improving the rationality of the structural arrangement and thus the space utilization.

Embodiments of the utility model may be implemented as follows:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a single sleeper tamping unit, configured to tamp ballast under a sleeper below a steel rail, including a box, an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod, a rocker, two clamping cylinders, and two clamping pick arms; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the eccentric section of the eccentric shaft to form a first hinge point, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting part of the rocker to form a second hinge point; the second connecting part of the rocker is hinged with the box body to form a third hinged point; two preset parts of the rocker are respectively hinged with one ends of the two clamping oil cylinders to form two fourth hinge points, the other ends of the two clamping oil cylinders are respectively hinged with the two clamping pick arms to form two fifth hinge points, the two clamping pick arms are respectively hinged with the box body to form two sixth hinge points, and a non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft is hinged with the box body to form a seventh hinge point;

one of the clamping oil cylinders and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the left side of the rocker, and the other clamping oil cylinder and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the right side of the rocker.

In an alternative embodiment, both of the predetermined positions are located above the second connecting portion, so that both of the fourth hinge points are located above the third hinge point; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the two preset parts are both positioned below the second connecting part, so that the two fourth hinge points are both positioned below the third hinge point; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

one of the preset parts is located above the second connecting part, and the other preset part is located below the second connecting part, so that the two fourth hinge points are located above and below the third hinge point respectively.

In an alternative embodiment, the second connection of the rocker is located below the first connection, so that the third hinge point is located below the second hinge point;

the two fourth hinge points are both positioned above the second hinge point; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the two fourth hinge points are both positioned below the second hinge point and above the third hinge point; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

one of the two fourth hinge points is located above the second hinge point and the other is located below the third hinge point.

In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises two first through holes arranged on the rocker, two second through holes arranged on the two clamping oil cylinders respectively, and two rotating shafts, wherein the two first through holes respectively form two preset parts;

one of the rotating shafts penetrates through one of the first through holes and one of the second through holes, so that the rocker and one of the clamping oil cylinders are hinged through one of the rotating shafts, and the other rotating shaft penetrates through the other one of the first through holes and the other one of the second through holes, so that the rocker and the other one of the clamping oil cylinders are hinged through the other one of the rotating shafts.

In an optional implementation mode, the clamping device further comprises a single-lug piece and a double-lug piece, for the rocker and any one of the clamping oil cylinders, one of the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece is connected with the rocker and provided with the first through hole, and the other of the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece is connected with the clamping oil cylinder and provided with the second through hole.

In an optional implementation manner, the device further comprises a sliding bearing, for any one of the first through hole, the corresponding second through hole and the corresponding rotating shaft, an outer wall of the sliding bearing is fixedly arranged on an inner wall of the first through hole, the inner wall of the sliding bearing is in interference fit with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is in interference fit with the second through hole.

In an alternative embodiment, the plain bearing is a bushing.

In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole which are arranged on the box body;

the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft is rotatably arranged on the box body through the first mounting hole;

the second connecting part of the rocker is hinged with the second mounting hole of the box body and is arranged on the box body to form a third hinged point;

the two clamping pick arms are hinged to the box body through the two third mounting holes to form two sixth hinge points.

In an alternative embodiment, the eccentric shaft further comprises a heat dissipation structure for dissipating heat of the eccentric shaft.

In an alternative embodiment, the heat dissipation structure includes a mounting ring, a protection ring, and a plurality of blades, the mounting ring is fixedly sleeved on the eccentric shaft, the mounting ring is at least partially located in an area surrounded by the protection ring, the plurality of blades are arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the mounting ring, and two opposite sides of each blade are respectively connected to an outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring and an inner circumferential surface of the protection ring.

In an optional embodiment, the heat dissipation structure includes a mounting ring, a base plate, and a plurality of blades, the mounting ring is fixedly sleeved on the eccentric shaft, the base plate is annular and connected to an outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring, the plurality of blades are arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the mounting ring, and each of the blades is simultaneously connected to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring and one side of the base plate.

In an alternative embodiment, the eccentric shaft is first-gear eccentric.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a double-sleeper tamping device, for tamping ballast below a sleeper below a steel rail, including:

the two single-sleeper tamping units are symmetrically arranged and share one eccentric shaft and one box body; the eccentric shaft is eccentric at a second gear, and the two eccentric sections are respectively hinged with the two connecting rods.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-sleeper tamping device, configured to tamp ballast below a sleeper below a steel rail, including:

at least two of the above-described dual-sleeper tamping units;

alternatively, a single bolster tamping unit as described above and a double bolster tamping device as described above.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the utility model include, for example:

according to the single-sleeper tamping unit, the two groups of clamping oil cylinders and the two groups of clamping pick arms are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rocker, so that the first advantage of the arrangement is that a proper distance can be kept between the two groups of clamping oil cylinders and the two groups of clamping pick arms, and the two groups of clamping oil cylinders and the two groups of clamping pick arms are effectively prevented from interfering; secondly, such structure not only makes things convenient for the assembly and the maintenance of whole single pillow tamping unit, can make each part distribute in shared space relatively evenly moreover, avoids the left side of rocker or right side volume to be bigger than normal, has that structural arrangement is reasonable, characteristics that space utilization is high. In addition, because centre gripping hydro-cylinder and centre gripping pick arm arrange respectively in the left side and the right side of rocker, can make the distance between two inboard centre gripping pick arms more nearly to leave sufficient centre gripping space between the sleeper on inboard tamping pick and their both sides, be favorable to realizing the abundant closely knit of railway ballast.

The double-sleeper tamping device and the multi-sleeper tamping device adopting the single-sleeper tamping unit also have the advantages of reasonable structure, high space utilization rate, convenience in assembly and maintenance and contribution to fully and compactly realizing ballast.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic mechanism diagram of a tamping apparatus of the related art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single bolster tamping mechanism of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a clamp cylinder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a dual bolster tamping mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 10-single pillow tamping unit; 20-a heat dissipation structure; 22-a mounting ring; 24-a guard ring; 26-a blade; 28-a substrate; 100-clamping an oil cylinder; 100 a-clamping oil cylinder; 100 b-a clamping cylinder; 200-clamping a pickaxe arm; 200 a-a clamping pick arm; 200 b-clamping a pickaxe arm; 30-single pillow tamping unit; 310-a connecting rod; 320-rocker; 40-double pillow tamping device; 400-eccentric shaft; 400 a-eccentric section; 400 b-eccentric section; 400 c-eccentric section; 410-a first mounting hole; 420-a second mounting hole; 430-third mounting hole; 510-a first hinge point; 520-a second hinge point; 530-a third hinge point; 540-fourth hinge point; 540 a-fourth hinge point; 540 b-fourth hinge point; 550-a fifth hinge point; 550 a-fifth hinge point; 550 b-fifth hinge point; 560 — sixth hinge point; 560 a-a sixth hinge point; 560 b-sixth hinge point; 570-seventh hinge point; 600-a binaural; 610-a containment chamber; 620-second via; 50-steel rail; 60-sleeper.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the utility model is used, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not necessary to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic mechanical diagram of a related art single-sleeper tamping unit. As can be seen from the figure, the structure takes the eccentric shaft part as a crank, the clamping cylinder as a connecting rod and the pick arm (including the tamping pick) as a rocker, and converts the complete rotation of the eccentric shaft part into the micro-amplitude swinging vibration of the pick arm.

In this configuration, the tail of the clamping cylinder is directly hinged to the eccentric shaft member, and the following problems are found in use:

the tail part of the oil cylinder is hinged with the eccentric shaft part, and rotates along with the rotation of the eccentric shaft part for a whole circle (namely circular motion), so that a motion component in the vertical direction exists. When the eccentric shaft member is operated at a high rotational speed, the cylinder member generates a large vibration load in a radial direction (i.e., perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod) at the guide portion of the piston rod due to its own inertia. The radial vibration load is not beneficial to the axial reciprocating motion of the piston rod of the oil cylinder along the guide part, and the piston rod is easy to be pulled to cause oil leakage of the oil cylinder. Not only the oil cylinder needs to be maintained and parts need to be replaced in time, the maintenance cost of the tamping device is increased, but also the construction progress of railway maintenance is greatly influenced, and the inertial quality problem to be solved urgently in the railway industry is solved. Meanwhile, the hinged part of the oil cylinder and the eccentric shaft part needs to be supported by a rolling bearing, and after the tamping equipment is used for a period of time, the size of a mounting hole of the rolling bearing of the oil cylinder is often large due to grinding, so that the whole oil cylinder is scrapped, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is increased.

Aiming at the problem, part of the tamping devices adopt a mode of additionally arranging an intermediate transmission structure between the eccentric shaft and the clamping oil cylinder, so that the eccentric shaft and the clamping oil cylinder are not directly connected, the stress state of the clamping oil cylinder during working is optimized, and the oil leakage phenomenon of the clamping oil cylinder is improved to a certain extent. However, the tamping device still has the problems of unreasonable structural arrangement, low space utilization rate, high assembly difficulty and the like.

In view of the above situation, the embodiment of the present invention provides a single-sleeper tamping unit, a double-sleeper tamping device, and a multi-sleeper tamping device, wherein two sets of clamping cylinders and clamping pick arms are respectively disposed on the left side and the right side of a rocker, so that the arrangement has the advantage of ensuring that a proper distance is maintained between the two sets of clamping cylinders and/or between the clamping pick arms, thereby effectively avoiding interference between the two sets of clamping cylinders and/or between the two sets of clamping pick arms.

In addition, because centre gripping hydro-cylinder and centre gripping pick arm arrange respectively in the left side and the right side of rocker, can make the distance between two inboard centre gripping pick arms more nearly to leave sufficient centre gripping space between the sleeper on inboard tamping pick and their both sides, be favorable to realizing the abundant closely knit of railway ballast.

The detailed construction, operation principle and technical effects of the single-sleeper tamping unit, the double-sleeper tamping unit and the multi-sleeper tamping unit will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment:

referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a single-sleeper tamping unit 30 for tamping ballast below a sleeper 60 below a rail 50.

The single sleeper tamping unit 10 comprises a box body, an eccentric shaft 400, a connecting rod 310, a rocker 320, two clamping cylinders 100 and two clamping pick arms 200, wherein one end of the connecting rod 310 is hinged with an eccentric section 400a of the eccentric shaft 400 to form a first hinge point 510, and the other end of the connecting rod 310 is hinged with a first end of the rocker 320 to form a second hinge point 520; the second end of the rocker 320 is hinged to the housing to form a third hinge point 530.

Two preset parts of the rocker 320 are hinged with one ends of the two clamping cylinders 100 respectively to form two fourth hinge points 540, the eccentric shaft 400, the box body, the connecting rod 310 and the rocker 320 form a crank-rocker mechanism, the other ends of the two clamping cylinders 100 are hinged with the two clamping pick arms 200 respectively to form two fifth hinge points 550, the two clamping pick arms 200 are further hinged with the box body respectively to form two sixth hinge points 560, and the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400 is hinged with the box body to form a seventh hinge point 570.

One of the clamping oil cylinders 100a and the corresponding clamping pick arm 200a are located on the left side of the rocker 320, and the other clamping oil cylinder 100b and the corresponding clamping pick arm 200b are located on the right side of the rocker 320.

The working principle of the single-sleeper tamping unit 10 is as follows: the eccentric shaft 400 is driven by a power source such as a motor or a hydraulic motor to rotate at a high speed, the eccentric section 400a outputs eccentric motion, and the eccentric motion is transmitted to the rocker 320 through the connecting rod 310 hinged with the eccentric section 400a, so that the rocker 320 generates micro-amplitude rocking vibration; the micro-amplitude swinging vibration of the rocker 320 is transmitted to the two clamping pick arms 200 through the two clamping oil cylinders 100 respectively hinged to the two sides of the rocker 320, so that the two clamping pick arms 200 generate micro-amplitude swinging vibration, and finally, the tamping picks respectively fixedly connected with the two clamping pick arms 200 also generate micro-amplitude swinging vibration, thereby realizing tamping operation.

Further, one end of each of the two clamping

cylinders

100a and 100b is hinged to two predetermined positions of the rocker 320 at two fourth hinge points 540a and 540b, respectively, and the other end of each of the two clamping

cylinders

100a and 100b is hinged to the two clamping

pick arms

200a and 200b at two

fifth hinge points

550a and 550b, respectively.

The two

gripper arms

200a, 200b are each articulated to the housing at two

sixth articulation points

560a, 560 b. And, two gripping pick arms 200 are used to install tamping picks respectively and are disposed at both sides of each sleeper 60 respectively, thereby tamping both sides of the sleepers 60 simultaneously.

In this embodiment, the eccentric shaft 400 is eccentric at the first gear. The eccentric section 400a of the eccentric shaft 400 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 310, and the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400 is for being supported on the casing. In other embodiments, the eccentric shaft 400 can be eccentric in two steps according to actual requirements.

The angle between the line connecting the first hinge point 510 and the second hinge point 520 and the line connecting the second hinge point 520 and the third hinge point 530 is 80-100 deg.. In this embodiment, the connecting line of the first hinge point 510 and the second hinge point 520 forms an angle of 90 ° with the connecting line of the second hinge point 520 and the third hinge point 530. In other embodiments, the included angle may also be 80 °, 85 °, 95 °, or 100 °.

In this embodiment, the second hinge point 520, the third hinge point 530 and the two fourth hinge points 540 are located on the same straight line, i.e. the rocker 320 is substantially straight.

The relative position relationship of the second hinge point 520, the third hinge point 530 and the two fourth hinge points 540 may be set as required, and in this embodiment, the first connection portion, one of the predetermined portions, the second connection portion and the other predetermined portion are sequentially set from high to low, so that the second hinge point 520, one of the fourth hinge points 540a, the third hinge point 530 and the other fourth hinge point 540b are sequentially set from high to low.

When two

fourth hinge points

540a, 540b are on the upper and lower sides of the third hinge point 530 (one above the third hinge point 530 and one below the third hinge point 530). At this time, the two holding

pick arms

200a, 200b vibrate in opposite directions, that is, the two holding

pick arms

200a, 200b swing outward or inward at the same time. On the basis, the connecting rod and the eccentric shaft are further arranged on the right side of the rocker 320, and one of the fourth hinge points 540a and 540b below the third hinge point 530 is also arranged on the right side of the rocker 320, so that the arrangement of the eccentric shaft is facilitated, the balance and stability of the whole structure are improved, the stability of the tamping device in the operation process is enhanced, and the safety is good.

In other embodiments, it is also possible: both of the predetermined positions are located above the second connecting portion, so that both of the fourth hinge points 540a and 540b are located above the third hinge point 530; alternatively, both of the predetermined positions are located below the second connecting portion, so that both of the fourth hinge points 540a and 540b are located below the third hinge point 530; alternatively, one of the predetermined portions is located above the second connecting portion, and the other predetermined portion is located below the second connecting portion, so that the two fourth hinge points 540a and 540b are located above and below the third hinge point 530, respectively.

When the two

fourth hinge points

540a, 540b of the rocker are on the same side of the third hinge point 530 (both above the third hinge point 530 or both below the third hinge point 530). At this time, the vibration directions of the two holding

pick arms

200a, 200b are the same direction vibration, that is, the two holding

pick arms

200a, 200b swing to the left or to the right simultaneously.

In other embodiments, it is also possible to: the second connection portion of the rocker 320 is located below the first connection portion, such that the third hinge point 530 is located below the second hinge point 520 and both of the

fourth hinge points

540a, 540b are located above the second hinge point 520; alternatively, both of the

fourth hinge points

540a, 540b are located below the second hinge point 520 and above the third hinge point 530; alternatively, one of the two fourth hinge points 540a and 540b is located above the second hinge point 520, and the other is located below the third hinge point 530.

Referring to fig. 3, different hinge structures may be adopted between the rocker 320 and the clamping cylinder 100 according to actual needs, in this embodiment, the single sleeper tamping unit 10 further includes two first through holes disposed on the rocker 320, two second through holes 620 disposed on the clamping cylinder 100, and two rotating shafts (not shown in the figure), and the two first through holes respectively form two predetermined portions. One of the rotating shafts penetrates through one of the first through holes and one of the second through holes 620, so that the rocker 320 and one of the clamping cylinders 100 are hinged through one of the rotating shafts, and the other rotating shaft penetrates through the other one of the first through holes and the other one of the second through holes 620, so that the rocker 320 and the other one of the clamping cylinders 100 are hinged through the other one of the rotating shafts. The aperture of the first through-hole and/or the aperture of the second through-hole 620 are/is smaller than the diameter of the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400.

In detail, the single-sleeper tamping unit 10 further includes a single-lug piece and a double-lug piece 600, and for the rocker 320 and any one of the clamping cylinders 100, one of the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece 600 is connected with the rocker 320 and is provided with a first through hole, and the other is connected with the clamping cylinder 100 and is provided with a second through hole 620, so that the rocker 320 and the clamping cylinder 100 are hinged through the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece 600. The double-ear piece 600 comprises a containing cavity 610 matched with the single-ear piece, the second through holes 620 are respectively located on two sides of the containing cavity 610, and the corresponding rotating shafts penetrate through the first through holes and the second through holes 620 on two sides of the containing cavity 610.

In order to support the rotation of the rotating shaft and reduce the wear of the rotating shaft, in this embodiment, the single sleeper tamping unit 10 further includes a sliding bearing, for any one of the first through hole, the corresponding second through hole 620 and the corresponding rotating shaft, an outer wall of the sliding bearing is fixedly disposed on an inner wall of the first through hole, the inner wall of the sliding bearing is in a rotating fit with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is in an interference fit with the second through hole 620.

Further, the sliding bearing may adopt different structural forms according to requirements, and in the embodiment, the sliding bearing is a bushing. In other embodiments, the sliding bearing may have other configurations.

In this embodiment, the ends of the two holding cylinders 100 away from the preset position corresponding to the rocker 320 are respectively connected to the ends of the two holding pick arms 200, so as to form two fifth hinge points 550. That is, the ends of the two holding cylinders 100 far away from the rocker 320 are respectively hinged with the ends of the two holding pick arms 200 at the two fifth hinge points 550. In detail, one end of one of the holding pick arms 200a is hinged to one end of one of the holding cylinders 100a to form one of the fifth hinge points 550a, and one end of the other holding pick arm 200b is hinged to one end of the other holding cylinder 100b to form the other of the fifth hinge points 550 b.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the cylinder ends of the two clamping cylinders 100 are respectively hinged to two predetermined positions of the rocker 320 at two fourth hinge points 540, and the piston rod ends of the two clamping cylinders 100 are respectively hinged to the two clamping pick arms 200 at two fifth hinge points 550. In other embodiments, the cylinder ends of the two holding cylinders 100 may be respectively hinged to the two holding pick arms 200 at the two fifth hinge points 550, and the rod ends of the two holding cylinders 100 are respectively hinged to the predetermined positions of the rocker 320 at the two fourth hinge points 540.

Referring to fig. 2 again, the angle between the connection line of the third hinge point 530 and the fourth hinge point 540 and the connection line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 is 80-100 °. Specifically, the connection line between the third hinge point 530 and any one of the fourth hinge points 540 makes an angle of 80 ° to 100 ° with the connection line between the fourth hinge point 540 and the corresponding fifth hinge point 550. In this embodiment, an included angle between a connecting line of the third hinge point 530 and the fourth hinge point 540 and a connecting line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 is 90 °, that is, a connecting line of the third hinge point 530 and any one of the fourth hinge points 540 is perpendicular to a connecting line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the corresponding fifth hinge point 550, so that under the condition that the single sleeper tamping unit 30 normally works, radial loads applied to the two clamping cylinders 100 in the operation process are small, the clamping cylinders 100 are facilitated to keep normal axial reciprocating motion, and inertial mass faults such as oil leakage caused by pulling damage of piston rods of the clamping cylinders 100 are reduced. The specific working mechanism is as follows:

because the third hinge point 530 is formed between the rocker 320 and the box, the motion track of the fourth hinge point 540 is approximately an arc with the third hinge point 530 as the center of a circle, and the connecting line of the hinge points at the two ends of the clamping cylinder, i.e. the connecting line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550, and the connecting line of the third hinge point 530 and the fourth hinge point 540 are in a design of being perpendicular or nearly perpendicular, so that the axis of the clamping cylinder 100 can be basically in the tangential direction of the motion track of the fourth hinge point 540, the radial load borne by the clamping cylinder 100 can be reduced to the maximum extent, the clamping cylinder 100 can keep normal axial reciprocating motion, and the inertia mass faults such as piston rod pulling damage, oil leakage and the like can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, the connecting line between the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 is maintained to be horizontally arranged, so that the radial load borne by the two clamping cylinders 100 during the operation process is smaller, the stress state is further optimized, and the single sleeper tamping unit 30 can be ensured to continuously and stably work more reliably. In other embodiments, the included angle may be 80 °, 85 °, 95 °, or 100 °.

The angle between the line connecting the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 and the line connecting the fifth hinge point 550 and the sixth hinge point 560 is 80-100 deg.. Specifically, the angle between the line connecting any one of the fourth hinge points 540 and the corresponding fifth hinge point 550 and the line connecting the fifth hinge point 550 and the corresponding sixth hinge point 560 is 80 ° to 100 °. In this embodiment, an included angle between a connecting line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 and a connecting line of the fifth hinge point 550 and the sixth hinge point 560 is 90 °, that is, a connecting line of any one of the fourth hinge point 540 and the corresponding fifth hinge point 550 is perpendicular to a connecting line of the fifth hinge point 550 and the corresponding sixth hinge point 560, so that under the condition that the single sleeper tamping unit 30 normally works, the connecting line of the fourth hinge point 540 and the fifth hinge point 550 is basically horizontally arranged, so that the radial load applied to the two clamping cylinders 100 in the operation process is smaller, and the stressed state is more favorable for the clamping cylinders to keep normal axial reciprocating motion, thereby significantly reducing the inertia quality faults such as piston rod pulling damage and oil leakage, and effectively ensuring that the single sleeper tamping unit 30 continuously and stably performs tamping operation. In other embodiments, the included angle may be 80 °, 85 °, 95 °, or 100 °.

The single-sleeper tamping unit further includes a first mounting hole 410, a second mounting hole 420, and a third mounting hole 430 provided on the box body. The non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400 is rotatably disposed on the case through the first mounting hole 410 to form a seventh hinge point 570; the second connecting portion of the rocker 320 is hinged to the case through the second mounting hole 420 to form a third hinge point 530; the two holding

pick arms

200a, 200b are respectively and hingedly disposed on the box body through the two third mounting holes 430, and form two

sixth hinge points

560a, 560 b.

The first connecting part of the rocker 320 and the corresponding connecting rod, and the second connecting part of the rocker 320 and the box body can also adopt a hinge structure that a single lug and a double lug between the rocker 320 and the clamping cylinder are matched with each other.

Referring to fig. 4, the single sleeper tamping unit 10 further includes a heat dissipating structure 20 for dissipating heat of the eccentric shaft 400. The heat dissipation structure 20 may also have different configurations according to actual situations, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation structure 20 includes a mounting ring 22, a protection ring 24, and a plurality of blades 26, the mounting ring 22 is fixedly sleeved on the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400, the mounting ring 22 is at least partially located in the region surrounded by the protection ring 24, the plurality of blades 26 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring 22, and two opposite sides of each blade 26 are respectively connected to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring 22 and the inner circumferential surface of the protection ring 24. When the mounting ring 22 rotates around its axis with the rotation of the eccentric shaft 400, the plurality of blades 26 rotate around the axis of the mounting ring 22, thereby compressing the surrounding air, generating an air flow moving along the axis of the mounting ring 22, thereby dissipating heat from the eccentric shaft 400, and ensuring the normal operation of the single sleeper tamping unit 10.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the heat dissipating structure 20 may also include a mounting ring 22, a base plate 28 and a plurality of blades 26, the mounting ring 22 is fixedly sleeved on the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft 400, the base plate 28 is annular and connected to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring 22, the plurality of blades 26 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring 22, and each blade 26 is simultaneously connected to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring 22 and one side of the base plate 28. The plurality of blades 26 are in the form of arcuate strips and are all perpendicular relative to the axis of the mounting ring 22. When the mounting ring 22 rotates about its axis with the rotation of the eccentric shaft 400, the plurality of blades 26 rotate about the axis of the mounting ring 22, thereby compressing the surrounding air, generating an air flow moving along the axis of the mounting ring 22, and thus dissipating heat from the eccentric shaft 400.

The single-sleeper tamping unit 10 is indirectly connected and driven with the clamping cylinder 100 through the connecting rod 310 and the rocker 320 arranged between the eccentric shaft 400 and the clamping cylinder 100, at the moment, the eccentric shaft 400, the box body, the connecting rod 310 and the rocker 320 form a crank-rocker mechanism, the clamping cylinder 100 is directly connected with the rocker 320 and generates micro-amplitude swinging vibration along with the rocker 320, and then the clamping pick arm 200 is further driven to generate micro-amplitude swinging vibration, so that even if the eccentric shaft 400 works at a high rotating speed, the clamping cylinder 100 does not do full-circle rotary motion, but does small-angle swinging along with the rocker 320 and is basically kept in a horizontal position, the radial load of the clamping cylinder 100 can be reduced as much as possible, the clamping cylinder 100 is beneficial to keeping reciprocating motion along the axial direction thereof as much as possible, and the probability of oil leakage of the clamping cylinder 100 caused by pulling of the piston rod is effectively reduced, the stability of the tamping operation of the tamping device is ensured. On one hand, economic loss caused by incapability of tamping operation due to damage of the clamping oil cylinder 100 can be reduced, on the other hand, the construction progress of railway maintenance can be guaranteed, and timely opening and operation of a track line are guaranteed.

Meanwhile, since the eccentric shaft 400 and the clamping cylinder 100 are not directly connected and driven, a rolling bearing is not required to be arranged between the eccentric shaft 400 and the clamping cylinder 100, and the clamping cylinder 100 and the rocker 320 can be connected in a more reliable and simple hinged manner. Therefore, the production and maintenance cost of the tamping device can be effectively reduced, and the working stability of the tamping device can be further improved.

In addition, the hinged part of the clamping oil cylinder 100 and the rocker 320 of the single-sleeper tamping unit 30 only needs slight swinging vibration and is supported by a sliding bearing with lower cost, the hinged part of the clamping oil cylinder 100 is not easy to damage, and the rejection rate of the clamping oil cylinder 100 is greatly reduced. The connecting rod 310 directly hinged with the eccentric shaft 400 has a simpler structure than an oil cylinder body, and even if the connecting rod is scrapped, the replacement cost of the connecting rod is far lower than that of the oil cylinder body, so that the maintenance and replacement cost of the tamping device is reduced on the whole.

Most importantly, the single sleeper tamping unit 30 has the following obvious advantages by arranging two sets of clamping cylinders 100 and clamping pick arms 200 on the left and right sides of the rocker 320, respectively:

firstly, a proper distance can be kept between the two groups of clamping oil cylinders 100 and/or between the two groups of clamping pick arms 200, so that interference between the two groups of clamping oil cylinders 100 and the two groups of clamping pick arms 200 in the working or assembling process can be effectively avoided;

the second makes things convenient for the assembly of whole single pillow tamping unit 30, and the equipment is easy, also convenient dismantlement and maintenance can make moreover each part distribute relatively evenly in shared space, avoids the left side or the right side volume of rocker 320 to be big on the left side, and structural arrangement is reasonable, space utilization is high and easily equipment and maintenance.

Thirdly, because centre gripping hydro-cylinder 100 and centre gripping pick arm 200 arrange respectively in the left side and the right side of rocker, can make the distance between two inboard centre gripping pick arms 200 more nearly to leave sufficient centre gripping space between the sleeper on inboard tamping pick and their both sides, be favorable to realizing the abundant closely knit of railway ballast.

Second embodiment:

referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual sleeper tamping apparatus 40 for tamping ballast below a sleeper 60 below a rail 50, which includes two single sleeper tamping units 30 of the first embodiment, the two single sleeper tamping units 30 are symmetrically disposed and share an eccentric shaft 400 and a box, the eccentric shaft 400 has two eccentricities, and two

eccentric sections

400b and 400c are respectively hinged to two connecting rods 310.

The third embodiment:

the embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-sleeper tamping device, which is used for tamping railway ballast below a sleeper 60 below a steel rail 50 and comprises at least two double-sleeper tamping devices 40 in the second embodiment; or at least one double sleeper tamping unit 40 in the second embodiment and at least one single sleeper tamping unit 30 in the first embodiment, to form a tamping unit suitable for three sleepers.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A single-sleeper tamping unit (30) is used for tamping railway ballast below a sleeper (60) below a steel rail (50), and is characterized by comprising a box body, an eccentric shaft (400), a connecting rod (310), a rocker (320), two clamping oil cylinders (100) and two clamping pick arms (200); one end of the connecting rod (310) is hinged with the eccentric section (400a) of the eccentric shaft (400) to form a first hinge point (510), and the other end of the connecting rod (310) is hinged with the first connection portion of the rocker (320) to form a second hinge point (520); the second connecting part of the rocker (320) is hinged with the box body to form a third hinged point (530); two preset parts of the rocker (320) are respectively hinged with one ends of the two clamping oil cylinders (100) to form two fourth hinge points (540), the other ends of the two clamping oil cylinders (100) are respectively hinged with the two clamping pick arms (200) to form two fifth hinge points (550), the two clamping pick arms (200) are also respectively hinged with the box body to form two sixth hinge points (560), and the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft (400) is hinged with the box body to form a seventh hinge point (570);

one of the clamping oil cylinders and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the left side of the rocker (320), and the other clamping oil cylinder and the corresponding clamping pick arm are both positioned on the right side of the rocker (320).

2. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 1, wherein both of said predetermined locations are located above said second connecting portion, such that both of said fourth hinge points are located above said third hinge point (530); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the two preset parts are positioned below the second connecting part, so that the two fourth hinge points are positioned below the third hinge point (530); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

one of the preset portions is located above the second connecting portion, and the other preset portion is located below the second connecting portion, so that the two fourth hinge points are located above and below the third hinge point (530), respectively.

3. The single bolster tamping unit (30) according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting portion of the rocker (320) is located below the first connecting portion such that the third hinge point (530) is located below a second hinge point (520);

both of the fourth hinge points are located above the second hinge point (520); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

both of the fourth hinge points are located below the second hinge point (520) and above the third hinge point (530); alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

one of the two fourth hinge points is located above the second hinge point (520) and the other is located below the third hinge point (530).

4. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 1, wherein:

the clamping device further comprises two first through holes arranged on the rocker (320), two second through holes (620) respectively arranged on the two clamping oil cylinders (100) and two rotating shafts, wherein the two first through holes respectively form two preset parts;

one of the rotating shafts penetrates through one of the first through holes and one of the second through holes (620) so that the rocker (320) and one of the clamping oil cylinders (100) are hinged through one of the rotating shafts, and the other rotating shaft penetrates through the other one of the first through holes and the other one of the second through holes (620) so that the rocker (320) and the other one of the clamping oil cylinders (100) are hinged through the other one of the rotating shafts.

5. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 4, wherein:

the clamping cylinder (100) is characterized by further comprising a single-lug piece and a double-lug piece (600), wherein for the rocker (320) and any one of the clamping cylinders (100), one of the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece is connected with the rocker (320) and provided with the first through hole, and the other of the single-lug piece and the double-lug piece is connected with the clamping cylinder (100) and provided with the second through hole (620).

6. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 4, wherein:

still include slide bearing, to arbitrary first through-hole, second through-hole (620) and the pivot that corresponds that correspond, slide bearing's outer wall is fixed to be set up on the inner wall of first through-hole, slide bearing's inner wall with pivot normal running fit, the pivot with second through-hole (620) interference fit.

7. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 6, wherein:

the sliding bearing is a bushing.

8. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 1, wherein:

the box body is characterized by also comprising a first mounting hole (410), a second mounting hole (420) and a third mounting hole (430) which are arranged on the box body;

the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft (400) is rotatably arranged on the box body through the first mounting hole (410);

the second connecting part of the rocker (320) is arranged on the box body in a hinged manner with the second mounting hole (420) of the box body to form the third hinged point (530);

the two clamping pick arms are hinged to the box body through the two third mounting holes (430) to form two sixth hinge points.

9. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 1, wherein:

the eccentric shaft (400) is provided with a heat dissipation structure (20) for dissipating heat of the eccentric shaft.

10. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 9, wherein:

the heat dissipation structure (20) comprises a mounting ring (22), a protection ring (24) and a plurality of blades (26), wherein the mounting ring (22) is fixedly sleeved on a non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft (400), at least part of the mounting ring (22) is located in an area surrounded by the protection ring (24), the blades (26) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring (22), and two opposite sides of each blade (26) are respectively connected to the outer circumferential surface of the mounting ring (22) and the inner circumferential surface of the protection ring (24).

11. The single-pillow tamping unit (30) according to claim 9, wherein:

the heat dissipation structure (20) comprises a mounting ring (22), a base plate (28) and a plurality of blades (26), the mounting ring (22) is fixedly sleeved on the non-eccentric section of the eccentric shaft (400), the base plate (28) is annular and is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting ring (22), the blades (26) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting ring (22), and each blade (26) is simultaneously connected to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting ring (22) and one side of the base plate (28).

12. The single bolster tamping unit (30) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the eccentric shaft (400) is a first gear eccentric.

13. A double-sleeper tamping unit (40) for tamping ballast beneath a sleeper (60) beneath a rail (50), comprising:

two single-sleeper tamping units (30) as defined in any one of the claims 1-12, said two single-sleeper tamping units (30) being symmetrically arranged and sharing an eccentric shaft (400) and a box, said eccentric shaft (400) being eccentric at second gear and two eccentric sections (400b, 400c) being hinged to two connecting rods (310), respectively.

14. A multi-sleeper tamping unit for tamping ballast beneath a sleeper (60) beneath a rail (50), comprising:

at least two double-sleeper tamping units (40) as defined in claim 13;

or a single-sleeper tamping unit (30) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12 and a double-sleeper tamping unit (40) as defined in claim 13.