CN215903921U

CN215903921U - Multi-screw structure and extruder

Info

Publication number: CN215903921U
Application number: CN202122225123.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张吉利
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-14
Filing date: 2021-09-14
Publication date: 2022-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-14

Abstract

The application relates to a multi-screw structure and an extruder, which relate to the field of extruders, and comprise a machine barrel, a spline shaft, shearing screws, a central screw and planetary screws, wherein a melting zone and a mixing zone are arranged in the machine barrel, at least two shearing screws are arranged in the melting zone of the machine barrel, each shearing screw is sleeved on the spline shaft, the central screw is arranged in the mixing zone of the machine barrel, the planetary screws are provided with a plurality of shearing screws along the axial direction of the central screw, each planetary screw is meshed with the central screw, a plurality of internal thread teeth are arranged in the mixing zone of the machine barrel, and each planet screw all meshes with the barrel, and central screw overlaps and establishes on the integral key shaft that one of them shear screw belonged to, this application has the effect that improves the extruder and to the material mixing effect, reduces conventional twin-screw shearing heat problem to have the effect that improves productivity more than 1.5 times, energy saving and consumption reduction.

Description

Multi-screw structure and extruder

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of extruders, in particular to a multi-screw structure and an extruder.

Background

The screw extruder depends on the pressure and the shearing force generated by the rotation of the screw, so that materials can be fully plasticized and uniformly mixed and are molded through a neck mold.

Chinese patent with publication number CN202378264U discloses a multi-screw extruder for nylon spinning production, which comprises a machine barrel, wherein the rear end of the machine barrel is provided with a feed inlet, a heating device is arranged below the feed inlet, and the front end of the machine barrel is provided with a discharge hole; the inside screw rod that is equipped with of barrel, the barrel rear side is equipped with the motor, and the screw rod passes through coaxial coupling with the motor, and the motor rear side is connected with the gearbox.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventor believes that the manner of extruding and shearing materials through a plurality of screws and providing the screws to mix the materials simultaneously results in insufficient mixing between different materials, thereby causing defects in physical, chemical and electrical properties of the product.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to realize improving the purpose of extruder to material mixing effect, this application provides a many screw rod structure and extruder.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-screw structure that adopts the following technical solution:

the utility model provides a many screws, includes barrel, integral key shaft, shearing screw, central screw and planet screw, be provided with melting zone and mixed district in the barrel, shearing screw is provided with two at least in the melting zone of barrel, each shearing screw all overlaps and establishes on the integral key shaft, central screw sets up in the mixed district of barrel, planet screw is provided with a plurality of along central screw's axis direction, and each planet screw all meshes with central screw mutually, the barrel is provided with a plurality of internal thread teeth in mixed district, and each planet screw all meshes with the barrel, central screw overlaps and establishes on the integral key shaft at one of them shearing screw place.

By adopting the technical scheme, an operator adds materials in a melting zone of a machine barrel, the materials are extruded and sheared by adjacent shearing screws, the materials in the melting zone are heated to form a molten state, and the materials in the molten state are preliminarily mixed under the action of the shearing screws and are conveyed into a mixing zone; the central screw rotates to drive each planetary screw to rotate around the circumferential direction of the shearing screw, materials in the mixing area are fully stirred, and the mixing effect of different materials is improved.

Optionally, the shearing screw rod includes conveying sleeve and shearing sleeve, the first helical blade of the outer fixedly connected with of conveying sleeve, a plurality of shear blocks of the outer fixedly connected with of shearing sleeve, conveying sleeve interval sets up on the integral key shaft that corresponds, shearing sleeve is located between two adjacent conveying sleeves.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the material gets into in the melting zone through shearing piece mutual extrusion and shearing on the adjacent shearing sleeve, carries out breakage, breaks up to the material, continues breakage, breaks up on conveying the sleeve of shearing the sleeve next time through conveying sleeve upper end helical blade, improves the efficiency that the material changed into the molten state from solid-state.

Optionally, a transition sleeve is arranged between the shearing screw and the central screw, the transition sleeve is sleeved on the spline shaft where the central screw is located, a second helical blade is fixedly connected to the transition sleeve, and the rotating direction of the second helical blade is the same as that of the first helical blade.

By adopting the technical scheme, the materials in the melting zone are fed into the mixing zone through the second helical blade.

Optionally, an extrusion sleeve is arranged at one end, far away from the shearing screw, of the central screw, the extrusion sleeve is sleeved on the spline shaft where the central screw is located, a third helical blade is fixedly connected to the extrusion sleeve, and the rotating direction of the third helical blade is the same as that of the first helical blade.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby use fourth helical blade can improve the terminal extrusion pressure of barrel and improve the extrusion effect.

Optionally, the pitch of the third helical blade decreases towards the end away from the central screw.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, third helical blade's pitch reduces, makes third helical blade descend the transfer rate of material on the one hand, improves extrusion process stability, and on the other hand makes third helical blade increase the extrusion force of material, improves and extrudes the effect.

Optionally, a reducing sleeve is arranged between the extrusion sleeve and the central screw, the reducing sleeve is sleeved on the spline shaft where the central screw is located, a fourth helical blade is fixedly connected to the reducing sleeve, and the fourth helical blade and the first helical blade rotate in the same direction.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, improve the efficiency that the material conveys on the mixing zone of barrel to the extrusion screw.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an extruder that employs the following technical solutions:

optionally, the cutting device comprises a base and a gear box, wherein the machine barrel and the gear box are fixedly connected to the base, a plurality of output shafts are arranged on the gear box and correspond to the spline shafts one to one, each spline shaft extends out of the machine barrel at one end close to the cutting screw and is fixedly connected with the corresponding transmission shaft in a coaxial mode, and a driving assembly is arranged on the gear box.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive assembly drives each output shaft rotation of gear box to drive each integral key shaft and rotate, and then realize the rotation of central screw rod and each shear screw, realize that the material melts, mixes and extrudes in the barrel.

Optionally, the gear box includes casing, driving gear, reduction gear, drive gear and driven gear, the internal rotation of casing is connected with the input shaft, and the coaxial fixed connection of driving gear is on the input shaft and lie in the casing, each the output shaft all penetrates the casing and rotates with the casing to be connected, driven gear and output shaft one-to-one, and the equal coaxial fixed connection of each driven gear is on the output shaft that corresponds, reduction gear and the coaxial fixed connection of one of them output shaft, and reduction gear meshes with the driving gear mutually, all rotates between two adjacent output shafts and is connected with the transmission shaft, drive gear and transmission shaft one-to-one, and the coaxial fixed connection of drive gear is on the transmission shaft that corresponds, and drive gear meshes with the driven gear on two adjacent output shafts mutually.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive assembly drives the input shaft and rotates, drives reduction gear place output shaft through driving gear and reduction gear transmission and rotates, through the meshing transmission between driven gear and the drive gear for two adjacent output shafts are with fast and syntropy rotation, thereby realize that each spline is with fast and syntropy rotation.

Optionally, the number of teeth of the reduction gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driving gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating speed of the reduction gear is reduced according to the transmission ratio between the reduction gear and the driving gear, so that the rotating speed of each output shaft is reduced, and the torque of each output shaft is improved.

Optionally, the driving assembly comprises a motor, the motor is fixedly connected to the base, and one end of the input shaft penetrates out of the gear box and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a motor shaft of the motor.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coaxial fixed connection of input shaft and motor shaft, thereby the motor starts to drive each output shaft rotation of input shaft drive.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. when the materials enter the melting zone, the shearing screws are mutually matched to shear the materials, so that the efficiency of converting the materials into the melting state is improved, the materials are preliminarily mixed, the materials are fully stirred under the action of the central screw and the planetary screws after entering the mixing zone, and the mixing effect of the extruder on the materials is improved;

2. through adopting third helical blade to extrude the material, third helical blade's pitch reduces towards keeping away from central screw rod direction gradually, is favorable to increasing the squeezing action of third helical blade to the material to improve the effect of extruding of this extruder to the material.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a shear screw according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a first helical blade in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a second helical blade in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a central screw and a planetary screw according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a third helical blade and a fourth helical blade in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying a driving gear, a reduction gear, a transmission gear, and a driven gear in the embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a barrel; 11. a spline shaft; 12. a base; 2. a melting zone; 21. shearing the screw rod; 22. a transfer sleeve; 23. a first helical blade; 24. shearing the sleeve; 25. cutting the block; 3. a transition sleeve; 31. a second helical blade; 4. a mixing zone; 41. a planetary screw; 42. a central screw; 43. internal thread teeth; 5. a variable diameter sleeve; 51. a fourth helical blade; 52. extruding the sleeve; 53. a third helical blade; 6. a gear case; 61. a housing; 62. a driving gear; 63. an input shaft; 64. a reduction gear; 65. an output shaft; 66. a transmission gear; 67. a drive shaft; 68. a driven gear; 7. a drive assembly; 71. an electric motor.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-8.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a multi-screw structure. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-screw structure includes a barrel 1 horizontally disposed, a melting zone 2 and a mixing zone 4 are disposed in the barrel 1, three spline shafts 11 penetrate through the melting zone 2 in the barrel 1, the three spline shafts 11 are parallel to each other and horizontally distributed, and a shear screw 21 is sleeved on each spline shaft 11.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the shear screw 21 includes a plurality of transmission sleeves 22 sleeved on the corresponding spline shafts 11, the transmission sleeves 22 on the same spline shaft 11 are arranged at intervals, and the transmission sleeves 22 on adjacent spline shafts 11 are aligned with each other, a shear sleeve 24 is sleeved between any two adjacent transmission sleeves 22 on the same spline shaft 11, and the shear sleeve 24 abuts against the adjacent transmission sleeve 22. First helical blades 23 are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of the respective conveying sleeves 22, the first helical blades 23 on different spline shafts 11 have the same rotation direction, and two first helical blades 23 aligned with each other on two adjacent spline shafts 11 are engaged with each other. The outer circumferential surface of each shearing sleeve 24 is fixedly connected with a plurality of shearing blocks 25, and two shearing blocks 25 aligned with each other on two adjacent spline shafts 11 are meshed with each other.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, spline shafts 11 on both sides are rotatably connected in melting zone 2 toward one end of mixing zone 4; the spline shaft 11 located at the middle position extends towards the mixing zone 4, the transition sleeve 3 is sleeved on one end of the spline shaft 11 facing the mixing zone 4 at the shearing screw 21, and the second helical blade 31 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the transition sleeve 3. A transition sleeve 3 is located between melting zone 2 and mixing zone 4 for transferring the material in melting zone 2 into mixing zone 4 for further mixing. The part of the spline shaft 11 extending to the mixing zone 4 is sleeved with a central screw 42, seven planetary screws 41 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the central screw 42, the maximum diameter of each planetary screw 41 is smaller than that of the central screw 42, each planetary screw 41 is meshed with the central screw 42, a circle of inner thread teeth 43 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the machine barrel 1 at the position of the mixing zone 4, and each planetary screw 41 is meshed with the inner circumferential surface of the machine barrel 1.

The operator adds the material into the melting zone 2 of barrel 1, first helical blade 23 conveys and stirs the material, shear block 25 cuts and extrudes the material, extrude many times adding the material through three shear screw 21, cut and mix, the form transition efficiency of material from solid-state to molten state has been improved, and the realization is to the primary mixing of material, the material under the molten state is conveyed mixing zone 4 under second helical blade 31's guide effect, central screw 42 rotates and drives each planetary screw 41 and still rotate around central screw 42's axial around self axis pivoted in-process separately, this process has realized the intensive mixing to the material.

As shown in fig. 6, a reducing sleeve 5 is disposed at one end of the central screw 42 away from the shear screw 21, the diameter of the reducing sleeve 5 gradually increases toward the direction away from the central screw 42, and a fourth helical blade 51 having the same rotation direction as the second helical blade 31 is fixedly connected to the reducing sleeve 5. The reducing sleeve 5 is provided with an extrusion sleeve 52 at one end far away from the central screw 42, the diameter of the extrusion sleeve 52 is the same as the maximum diameter of the reducing sleeve 5, a third helical blade 53 with the same rotating direction as the fourth helical blade 51 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion sleeve 52, and the pitch of the third helical blade 53 is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the reducing sleeve 5. The reducing sleeve 5 and the extruding sleeve 52 are sleeved on the spline shaft 11 where the central screw 42 is located, and one end of the spline shaft 11 penetrating through the extruding sleeve 52 is rotatably connected in the machine barrel 1.

The material after mixing conveys third helical blade 53 position through fourth helical blade 51, conveys the material after will mixing through third helical blade 53 to the extrusion ejection of compact, this in-process reduces along with third helical blade 53's pitch gradually, makes third helical blade 53 to the extrusion force increase of material, thereby improves the effect of extruding to the material.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the material is sheared, broken and extruded in the melting zone 2, the efficiency of the material conversion into the melting state is improved, then the melted material is conveyed to the mixing zone 4 through the second spiral blade 31, so that the melted material is fully mixed under the stirring action of the central screw 42 and the planetary screw 41, the mixed material is conveyed to the third spiral blade 53 through the fourth spiral blade 51, and finally the material is extruded through the third spiral blade 53.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application disclose an extruder. As shown in fig. 7, the extruder includes a base 12 horizontally disposed on the ground, and the machine barrel 1 is fixedly connected to the base 12, one end of the machine barrel 1 near the melting zone 2 is fixedly connected to a gear box 6, the gear box 6 is fixedly connected to the base 12, three output shafts 65 corresponding to the spline shafts 11 one to one are disposed on the gear box 6, and each output shaft 65 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding spline shaft 11.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the gear box 6 includes a housing 61, three output shafts 65 are all rotatably connected to the housing 61, and the three output shafts 65 are all coaxially and fixedly connected with the same driven gear 68, a transmission shaft 67 is rotatably connected between two adjacent output shafts 65 in the gear box 6, and a transmission gear 66 is all coaxially and fixedly connected to each transmission shaft 67, each transmission gear 66 is engaged with the driven gear 68 on two adjacent output shafts 65, and each transmission gear 66 is lower than the driven gear 68, which is beneficial to reducing the distance between two adjacent output shafts 65. The input shaft 63 is connected to the shell 61 in a rotating mode, the driving gear 62 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input shaft 63, the reducing gear 64 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output shaft 65 in the middle, the reducing gear 64 is located above the driving gear 62, the number of teeth of the reducing gear 64 is larger than that of the driving gear 62, the driving gear 62 is meshed with the reducing gear 64, the driving assembly 7 is arranged on the base 12, the driving assembly 7 comprises a motor 71 fixedly connected to the base 12, the motor 71 is located on one side far away from the machine barrel 1, the output shaft 65 extends out of the shell 61 along one end of the length direction of the output shaft, and the output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with the motor 71 of the motor 71.

The motor 71 drives the input shaft 63 to rotate, the rotation of the output shaft 65 where the reduction gear 64 is located is realized through the meshing transmission between the reduction gear 64 and the driving gear 62, and the synchronous rotation of each output shaft 65 is realized through the meshing transmission between the transmission gear 66 and the corresponding transmission gear 66; the number of teeth of the reduction gear 64 is greater than that of the driving gear 62, so that the rotating speed of the output shaft 65 is lower than that of the input shaft 63, the rotating speed of each spline shaft 11 is reduced, and the torque of each spline shaft 11 is increased due to the constant power of the motor 71, thereby being beneficial to improving the shearing and mixing effects of the extruder on materials.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the motor 71 drives the input shaft 63 to rotate, so as to drive the output shafts 65 to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, so that the spline shafts 11 rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, and the shearing, mixing and extruding of the materials in the machine barrel 1 are realized.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many screw rod structures which characterized in that: comprises a machine barrel (1), a spline shaft (11), a shearing screw (21), a central screw (42) and a planetary screw (41), a melting zone (2) and a mixing zone (4) are arranged in the machine barrel (1), at least two shearing screws (21) are arranged in a melting zone (2) of the machine barrel (1), each shearing screw (21) is sleeved on the spline shaft (11), the central screw (42) is arranged in the mixing zone (4) of the machine barrel (1), a plurality of planetary screws (41) are arranged along the axial direction of the central screw (42), each planetary screw (41) is meshed with the central screw (42), a plurality of internal thread teeth (43) are arranged in the mixing zone (4) of the machine barrel (1), and each planetary screw (41) is meshed with the machine barrel (1), and the central screw (42) is sleeved on the spline shaft (11) where one shearing screw (21) is located.

2. A multi-screw structure according to claim 1, wherein: shear screw (21) are including conveying sleeve (22) and shearing sleeve (24), the first helical blade (23) of the outer fixedly connected with of conveying sleeve (22), a plurality of shear blocks (25) of the outer fixedly connected with of shearing sleeve (24), conveying sleeve (22) interval setting on spline shaft (11) that corresponds, shearing sleeve (24) are located between two adjacent conveying sleeve (22).

3. A multi-screw structure according to claim 2, wherein: be provided with transition sleeve (3) between shear screw (21) and central screw rod (42), and transition sleeve (3) cover is established on integral key shaft (11) at central screw rod (42) place, fixedly connected with second helical blade (31) on transition sleeve (3), and second helical blade (31) and first helical blade (23) revolve to the same.

4. A multi-screw structure according to claim 2, wherein: the central screw rod (42) is provided with and extrudes sleeve (52) keeping away from shear screw rod (21) one end, and extrudes sleeve (52) cover and establish on integral key shaft (11) at central screw rod (42) place, extrude fixedly connected with third helical blade (53) on sleeve (52), and third helical blade (53) and first helical blade (23) revolve to the same.

5. A multi-screw structure according to claim 4, wherein: the pitch of the third helical blade (53) decreases gradually towards the end away from the central screw (42).

6. A multi-screw structure according to claim 4, wherein: be provided with reducing sleeve (5) between extrusion sleeve (52) and central screw rod (42), and reducing sleeve (5) cover is established on integral key shaft (11) at central screw rod (42) place, fixedly connected with fourth helical blade (51) on reducing sleeve (5), and fourth helical blade (51) and first helical blade (23) revolve to the same.

7. An extruder, characterized in that: a multi-screw structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a base (12) and a gear box (6), wherein the machine barrel (1) and the gear box (6) are fixedly connected to the base (12), a plurality of output shafts (65) are arranged on the gear box (6), the output shafts (65) correspond to spline shafts (11) one by one, each spline shaft (11) extends out of the machine barrel (1) at one end close to the shearing screw (21) and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the corresponding output shaft (65), and a driving assembly (7) is arranged on the gear box (6).

8. An extruder according to claim 7, wherein: the gearbox (6) comprises a shell (61), a driving gear (62), a reduction gear (64), a transmission gear (66) and driven gears (68), wherein an input shaft (63) is connected in the shell (61) in a rotating manner, the driving gear (62) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input shaft (63) and is positioned in the shell (61), each output shaft (65) penetrates into the shell (61) and is rotatably connected with the shell (61), the driven gears (68) correspond to the output shafts (65) one by one, the driven gears (68) are coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding output shafts (65), the reduction gear (64) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one of the output shafts (65), the reduction gear (64) is meshed with the driving gear (62), transmission shafts (67) are rotatably connected between two adjacent output shafts (65), and the transmission gears (66) correspond to the transmission shafts (67) one by one, and the transmission gears (66) are coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding transmission shafts (67), and the transmission gears (66) are meshed with the driven gears (68) on the two adjacent output shafts (65).

9. An extruder as defined in claim 8, wherein: the number of teeth of the reduction gear (64) is larger than that of the driving gear (62).

10. An extruder as defined in claim 8, wherein: drive assembly (7) include motor (71), motor (71) fixed connection is on base (12), gear box (6) is worn out to input shaft (63) one end to with the coaxial fixed connection of motor shaft of motor (71).